NEET Mock Test - 12 - NEET MCQ

 [NEET Kar. 2013]

E_mech. = 8 J
(A) At x < x₁, U = constant = 8 J
K = E_mech - U = 8 - 8 = 0 J
The particle is at rest.

(B) At x = x₂, U = 0 ⇒ E_mech. = K = 8 J
K.E. is greatest and the particle is moving at fastest speed.

(C) At x = x₃, U = 4 J
U + K = 8 J
K = 4 J

Hence the incorrect statement is : at x < x₁, K.E is smallest and the particle is moving at the slowest speed.

(D) At x > x₄, U = constant = 6 J
K = E_mech. - U = 2 J = constant

Adiabatic equations of state are:
PV^γ = constant
TV^γ–1 = constant
P^1–γT^γ = constant. [NEET Kar. 2013]

Sum of masses = 2 + 1 = 3
x-coordinate;
(2*1 + 1*2)/3 = 4/3
y-coordinate;
(2*0 + 1*2)/3 = 2/3
z-coordinate;
(2*1 + 1*0)/3 = 2/3.

P= fv
P = mav
p = mdv/dt.v
p.dt/m = v.dv ( integration from 0-t)
pt/m = v²/2
v = √(2pt/m)
ds/dt = t½dt
s = t^3/2 

Explanation:(a) for a given Periphery the area of a circle is maximum. When a coil takes a circular shape, the magnetic flux linked with the coil increases, so the current induced in the coil will tend to decrease the flux and so it will produce a magnetic field upward. As a result the current induced in the coil will flow in anticlockwise direction.(b) When circular coil takes the shape of narrow straight wire, The magnetic flux linked with the coil decreases. So the current induced in the coil will tend to oppose the decrease in magnetic flux. Hence it will produce an upward magnetic field so that the current induced in the coil will flow in anticlockwise direction.

Triethoxyaluminium has no Al – C linkage

The presence of anhydrous ZnCl₂ is to be break the C-O bond in alcohols. ZnCl₂ is a Lewis acid and reacts with the oxygen of the alcohol group.

Reaction involves rearrangement of carbocation

                     

On substituting the values of conc. of NO, O₂ and NO₂ in given rate equation, we get a +ve (positive) value indicating that the reaction takes place in forward direction.

NH₄NO₃ (s) → N₂O (g) + 2H₂O ;     ΔH = -37.0 KJ/mol from the above data, we can show that ΔH is for 1 mole of NH₄NO₃.
For 2.5 g of NH₄NO₃, we have 2.5/80 = 0.03125 moles
Therefore, heat released = (-37)×(0.03125) = -1.16 kJ

To balance oxidation number, cross-multiply by change in oxidation number

Key Points

•  C₂H₅Br + KOH → C₂H₄ + KBr +H₂O
• The above reaction is the reaction between alkyl halide with alcoholic alkali.
• When ethyl bromide reacts with alcoholic potassium hydroxide (KOH), ethene (C₂H₄) is formed.
• This reaction is called an Elimination or dehydrohalogenation reaction.

Additional Information C₂H₂

• C₂H₂ is the chemical formula of acetylene.
• It contains a triple bond between two carbon atoms.

C₂H₆

• C₂H₆ is the chemical formula of ethane.
• It is the second member of the alkane group.
• It is a straight-chain alkane containing two carbon atoms having single covalent bonds.

CH₄

• CH₄ is the chemical formula of methane.
• It is the first member of the alkane group.
• It is a gaseous compound.

C₃H₆

• C₃H₆ is the chemical formula of propene and cyclopropane.
• Propene is an alkene having double bonds.
• Cyclopropane is a cyclic ring alkane containing 3 carbon atoms.

In an aquatic ecosystem, the important herbivores are zooplankton, larvae, tadpoles, etc. Cows in grasslands also act as herbivores as these feed on producers. Thus, both cows and zooplankton occupy second trophic level in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem respectively.
Line in ncert: The consumers are represented by the zooplankton, the free swimming and bottom dwelling forms

Yellow being recessive will express only when both alleles are present. That occurs only when both parents can contribute an allele encoding for the yellow pod. For all progeny to have yellow pods, both parents have to be homozygous for yellow pods.

In organic farming, farmers use manures, bio fertilisers, biopesticides and biocontrol agents to increase the crop production instead of using artificial fertilisers and pesticides. It does not utilise genetic engineering, which makes statement (i) false. Statement (ii) is correct as organic farming uses naturally produced inputs like compost and biofertilisers. Statement (iii) is correct because organic farming avoids synthetic pesticides and commercial fertilizers like urea. Lastly, statement (iv) is considered correct as organically grown vegetables are often noted for being rich in vitamins and minerals due to the natural farming practices employed.

The given figure represents radial vascular bundles. Here xylem and phloem occur in the form of separate bundles called xylem bundles and phloem bundles. The two types of bundles usually alternate with each other. They occur on different radii. Radial bundles are characteristic of monocot and dicot roots. 

Mucous membrane lining the respiratory, gastrointestinal and uriogenital tracts helps in trapping the microbes and constitute physical barriers of our body.

In the World Summit on sustainable development held in 2002 in Johannesburg, South Africa, 190 countries pledged their commitment to achieve by 2010, a significant reduction in the current rate of biodiversity loss at global, regional and local levels.

Topic in NCERT: Biodiversity conservation

Line in NCERT: "in a follow-up, the world summit on sustainable development held in 2002 in johannesburg, south africa, 190 countries pledged their commitment to achieve by 2010, a significant reduction in the current rate of biodiversity loss at global, regional and local levels."
(NEET 2022 Phase 2)

P. The male frog has a special organ on the throat called (i) 'vocal sac'.
Q. (ii) 'Tympanic' membrane is a part of the ear and serves to receive sound waves.
R. Dermis of the frog contains sac-like (iii) 'mucous' glands.
S. Tongue of frog is (iv) 'bilobed'
T. (v) 'Pulmonary' respiration takes place in lungs on land.
So, the correct answer is '(i)- vocal sac; (ii)- Tympanic; (iii)- mucous; (iv)- bilobed; (v)- Pulmonary'.

• Cytokinin does not help in promoting leaf senescence.
• Cytokinin production slows down the process of senescence. However, the accumulation of sugars during senescence, due to the breakdown of accumulated starch or the preferential export of N₂ from the leaf, can block the effect of cytokinin, especially in low light.
• Ethylene is regarded as a multifunctional phytohormone that regulates both growth, and senescence.
• It promotes or inhibits growth and senescence processes depending on its concentration, timing of application, and the plant species.

Each turn of Calvin cycle generates one carbon atom hence six turns of the cycle is required to generate one molecule of hexose sugar glucose.

• The antibody recognizes a small portion of the antigen called the antigenic determinant or epitope.
• Each antibody recognizes and binds to a specific antigen in a lock and key type model.
• The variable regions, which make up the two identical antigen-binding sites, are different in each specific type of antibody, giving these sites specific shapes that fit certain antigenic epitopes.
• The remainder of the molecule consists of light and heavy chain constant regions where these amino acid sequences vary little from antibody to antibody.

• Antigen-binding site:

  
  Hence the correct option is 'A'

Line in NCERT: "Each antibody molecule has four peptide chains, two small called light chains and two longer called heavy chains."

In a longitudinal section of the root, the zones occur in the following order:
Root cap
Region of cell division (meristematic activity)
Region of cell enlargement (elongation)
Region of cell maturation (differentiation)

Anemophily is a mode of cross pollination or transfer of pollen grains from a mature anther to the stigma of a pistil which is accomplished through the agency of wind.
Example: coconut palm, data palm, maize, many grasses, Cannabis, etc.

Topic in NCERT: Wind Pollination

Line in NCERT: "Wind pollination also requires that the pollen grains are light and non-sticky so that they can be transported in wind currents."

Topic in NCERT: Chlorophyceae

Line in NCERT: "The pigments are localised in definite chloroplasts. Most of the members have one or more storage bodies called pyrenoids located in the chloroplasts. Green algae usually have a rigid cell wall made of an inner layer of cellulose and an outer layer of pectose."

Secondary treatment is also called biological treatment or microbial degradation. It is mainly a biological process. Biogas is a mixture of gases, containing predominantly methane (50-70%), CO₂ (30-40%) and traces of hydrogen, H₂S and nitrogen.

When cut by the same restriction enzyme, the resultant DNA fragments have the same kind of 'sticky-ends' produced, which can be joined together (end-to-end) using DNA ligase. Restriction enzymes are of two kinds - exonucleases and endonucleases. Exonucleases remove nucleotides from the j ends of the DNA whereas endonucleases make cuts at specific positions within the DNA. Presence of more than one recognition sites within the vector will generate several fragments, which will complicate the gene cloning. Therefore, in order to link the alien DNA (or foreign DNA), the vector needs to have very few, preferably single, recognition/cloning sites for the commonly used restriction enzymes.