UPSC EPFO Mock Test - 10 - UPSC MCQ

•  A whip is a party official responsible for ensuring party discipline in a legislature.
•  Whips can recommend actions against party members who defy party lines, including defection.
•  However, they do not have the authority to expel a member from the House. Expulsion decisions involve formal procedures and may require a vote or legal process.

 Option A is correct: "Only i" is true because the whip can recommend actions, but cannot expel members.

The correct answer is C: 1 and 3 Only.
Explanation:
1. Formation of a separate National Commission for STs:
- In order to safeguard the interests of the Scheduled Tribes (STs) more effectively, it was proposed to set up a separate National Commission for STs by bifurcating the existing combined National Commission for Scheduled Castes (SCs) and STs.
2. 89th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2003:
- This was done by passing the 89th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2003 (not the 65th Constitutional Amendment Act as mentioned in statement 2).
- This Act further amended Article 338 and inserted a new Article 338-A in the Constitution.
Statement 2 is incorrect because it mentions the 65th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2003, while the correct Amendment Act is the 89th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2003.

In an algebraic expression, like terms are terms that contain the same variables raised to the same powers. Calculating x-squared plus x-squared is a matter of combining like terms. 

Now x² + x² = 2x²

Hence, x-squared plus x-squared is equal to 2 times x squared.

• The Danes formed an East India Company and arrived in India in 1616 AD.
• They established settlements at Tranquebar (in Tamil Nadu) in 1620 AD and Serampore (Bengal) in 1676 AD.
• However, they failed to strengthen themselves in India and were forced to sell all their settlements in India to the British.

Additional Information

• The success of Dutch and English traders in the 17th century spice trade was a source of envy among Danish and Norwegian merchants. On March 17, 1616, Christian IV the King of Denmark-Norway, issued a charter creating a Danish East India Company with a monopoly on trade between Denmark-Norway and Asia for 12 years.
• It would take an additional two years before sufficient capital had been raised to finance the expedition, perhaps due to lack of confidence on the part of Danish investors.

• First discovered in Tanzania in the 1950s, the viral disease has since spread to various parts of Africa, Asia, the Caribbean and South America.
• Tropical regions currently see the highest rates of the virus, with Paraguay, Brazil, Bolivia and Thailand most affected. However, climate change is driving disease-carrying mosquitos closer to the poles.
• The Asian tiger mosquito, which transmits the virus, is spreading more and more. This mosquito species is already native to southern Europe, and it is becoming increasingly common in Germany.

Statement 3 is incorrect.

• Asteroids are rocky, irregularly shaped remnants both smaller and larger sizes that are leftovers from when the period of the formation of the solar system. The asteroid belt is a circumstellar ring of asteroids located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
• Comets are frozen leftovers from the formation of the solar system composed of dust, rock, and ices. They range from a few miles to tens of miles wide, but as they orbit closer to the Sun, they heat up and spew gases and dust into a glowing head that can be larger than a planet. This material forms a tail that stretches millions of miles. Comets are well spread over the entire solar system.

Jaswant killed a wild bear.

The Central Government in India frequently consults the I.L.C/S.L.C (Indian Labour Conference/ Standing Labour Committee) regarding labour policies. This is to ensure that the policies are fair, effective, and beneficial to the working class.

• Role of I.L.C/S.L.C
  The I.L.C/S.L.C is a significant platform where the government, employers, and workers' representatives come together to discuss issues relating to labour. The discussions and consultations involve the formulation and application of labour policies, which are significant in ensuring that the interests of the working class are protected.
• Why I.L.C/S.L.C?
  Representation: The I.L.C/S.L.C comprises representatives from the government, employers, and workers, thereby ensuring that all stakeholders are represented in the formulation of labour policies.
  Expertise: The I.L.C/S.L.C has extensive knowledge and understanding of the labour market and the needs of workers, making it the most suitable institution for such consultations.
  Balance of Interests: By consulting the I.L.C/S.L.C, the Central Government ensures that the interests of both employers and workers are balanced in the labour policies.

The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) was set up in 1963 by a resolution of the Ministry of Home Affairs. Later, it was transferred to the Ministry of Personnel and now it enjoys the status of an attached office . The Special Police Establishment (which looked into vigilance cases) setup in 1941 was also merged with the CBI. The establishment of the CBI was recommended by the Santhanam Committee on Prevention of Corruption (1962–1964). The CBI is not a statutory body. It derives its powers from the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act, 1946

Recombinant DNA are DNA sequences which result from bringing genetic material form different sources. The genes can be transferred between any species that is across different species of plants from animals to plants and from microorganisms to higher organisms.

Cloves are the rich, brown, dried, unopened flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum, an evergreen tree in the myrtle family. The name comes from the French "clou" meaning nail. Cloves come from Madagascar, Indonesia and Sri Lanka. Cloves are used in spice cookies and cakes.

" He suddenly left the house".

127 characters is the maximum length of a DOS command using an optional parameter.

• The Union and State governments concurrently levy GST on commodities with 50% as Central GST (CGST) and 50% as State GST (SGST). There is an Integrated GST (IGST) on inter-State trade, so that 50% of it goes to the final destination State. The GST is a harmonised tax on commodities across the country. Individual States have little power to unilaterally change this tax. Though conceptually, the Union government could not do so either, the GST Council gives the Union government a veto to thrust its preferences on the States.
• The Union government has exclusive power to levy excise duty on petroleum products, and the States have exclusive power to levy excise duty and sales tax on liquor. 

Windows Vista is an operating system developed by Microsoft.

The correct order will be:
The grocer → who was in the habit of weighing less (Q)→ did not listen to the protests of customer (P)→ whom he had cheated (R)→ with great audacity. (S)

The correct answer is Rehabilitation

• Rehabilitation meaning - the action of restoring someone to health or normal life through training and therapy after imprisonment, addiction, or illness.
• Crystallization meaning - the process of forming crystals.
• Interrogation meaning - a process of asking someone a lot of questions for a long time in order to get information, sometimes using threats or violence.
• Controversial meaning - giving rise or likely to give rise to controversy or public disagreement.

• Every economy following the indicative planning were mixed economies. 

• Unlike a centrally planned economy (countries following imperative planning) indicative planning works through the market (price system) rather than replaces it. 

• Side by side setting numerical/quantitative targets (similar to the practice in the imperative planning) a set of economic policies of indicative nature is also announced by the economies to realise the plan targets. 

• The indicative nature of economic policies, which are announced in such planning, basically encourages or discourages the private sector in its process of economic decision making.

The "Inter-union code of conduct" is the correct answer. This code is designed to regulate relations between different trade unions, primarily to prevent conflicts between them. However, it does not directly prohibit the formation or continuance of company unions.

• Company Unions: These are labor organizations that are established, financed, or controlled by the employer. They are designed to resolve disputes between the company and its employees, establish wages and working conditions, and otherwise manage labor relations.
• Inter-union Code of Conduct: This is a set of rules developed by trade unions to guide their interactions with each other. It aims to promote unity, cooperation, and mutual respect among different unions. It also seeks to prevent conflicts and disputes among unions. However, it doesn't explicitly forbid the formation or continuation of company unions.
• Code of Discipline in Industry: This is a set of guidelines for behavior in the workplace. It outlines the responsibilities and obligations of both employers and employees. It's designed to maintain order, prevent disputes, and promote productivity. But, this code does not prohibit the formation or continuance of company unions.
• Code of Efficiency and Welfare: This refers to a set of guidelines that aim to enhance productivity and welfare in the workplace. It may include measures to improve working conditions, provide benefits, and promote employee satisfaction. Nevertheless, it does not expressly prohibit the formation or continuance of company unions.

In conclusion, none of the options explicitly prohibits the formation or continuance of company unions. However, the practice of company unions is generally discouraged under most labor laws because it can undermine the independence and bargaining power of workers' unions.

Minister will hold office till the pleasure of the President of India.

Average score of Dhoni after 48th Innings = 49
Average score of Dhoni after 49th Innings = (48*49 + 98)/49 = 50
Average score of Dhoni after 50th Innings ⇒ 50 + 2 = 52
Score in 50th Innings = (50 * 52) – (49 * 50) = 150

let age of Arun =x, Lilly =y James = z
(x+3) =1/2 *(y+3) so we have 2x-y =-3 -(1)
(x+5) =1/3 * (z+5) ; ⇒ 3x-z=-10 -(2)
From (1)&(2) we get, x+y-z =-7 -(3)
we have z =15+y – (4)
from equation 3 and 4 we get x=8

Origin, Growth, and Development of Employment Organizations in India before 1933

• The growth and development of employment organizations in India traces back to the pre-independence era, significantly before 1933. The evolution of these organizations can be categorized into four main phases.

The Initial Phase (1850 - 1890)

• During this phase, the primary focus was on the regulation of trade and industry for ensuring better working conditions in factories. The Factories Act of 1881 was a landmark development that aimed at improving worker conditions in the factories.

The Organizational Phase (1890 - 1918)

• In this phase, there was a rise in labor unrest due to the poor working conditions and low wages. This led to the formation of various labor associations and unions for the protection of labor rights. The Bombay Millhands Association established in 1890 was one of the first labor unions in India.

The Legislative Phase (1918 - 1933)

• This phase was characterized by the implementation of several labor legislations. The Royal Commission on Labor was appointed in 1929 which recommended several measures for labor welfare. This led to the enactment of the Trade Unions Act in 1926, which provided legal recognition to the trade unions.

The Institutional Phase (After 1933)

• This phase marked the establishment of employment organizations on an institutional level. The International Labour Organization (ILO) was established in 1919, and India became a member in 1922. The ILO recommended the establishment of labor welfare centers, which led to the formation of the Central Advisory Council for Industries in 1933.

In conclusion, the origin, growth, and development of employment organizations in India occurred well before 1933, and it was a gradual process influenced by the socio-economic conditions of the time.

Credit Sales=Closing Debtors+Cash Received from Debtors+Bills Receivable−Opening Debtors

Given:

• Opening balance of Sundry Debtors on 1.4.10 = Rs. 12,000
• Bills Receivable accepted by customers = Rs. 13,000
• Closing balance of Sundry Debtors on 31.3.11 = Rs. 14,000
• Cash received from Debtors during the year = Rs. 38,400

Now, let's calculate:

Credit Sales=14,000+38,400+13,000−12,000

     Credit Sales=53,400

So, the correct answer is:

Option 4: Rs. 53,400

• The National Renewal Fund (NRF) was announced in the year 1991. It was a step taken by the Government of India to protect the interest of the workers in the face of the new economic reforms.
• The economic reforms were launched in India in 1991, which opened up the Indian economy to foreign investments. This led to increased competition and technological advancements.
• To keep up with these changes, many industries and businesses had to restructure and modernize their operations. This process often resulted in job losses and displacement of existing workers.
• Keeping in view the hardships faced by these workers, the government announced the setting up of the National Renewal Fund. The main objective of this fund was to provide a safety net for the workers who were affected by these changes.
• The fund was used to finance measures like retraining and redeployment of workers, voluntary retirement schemes, and other welfare measures. It was aimed at helping the workers adjust to the new economic environment.
• In addition, the fund was also used to provide financial assistance to small-scale industries and public sector undertakings which were facing difficulties due to the economic reforms.
• The National Renewal Fund was thus a crucial step taken by the government to ensure that the benefits of the economic reforms reached all sections of the society, and that no one was left behind in the process of economic transformation.
• The NRF was managed by the Ministry of Labour, Government of India, and was in operation till 2000.

Fill someone in (on someone or something).
To tell someone the details about someone or something.
Example: 
(i) Please fill me in on what happened last night.
(ii) Please fill in the committee on the details.