Test: Egyptian Civilization - UPSC MCQ

The lifeline of Egyptian civilization was the Nile River, which provided water for agriculture and transportation.

The Ancient Egyptian writing system is called hieroglyphics, which used pictorial symbols to represent words and sounds.

Narmer, also known as Menes, was the first pharaoh of Egypt and the founder of the First Dynasty.

The Great Sphinx of Giza is believed to represent Pharaoh Khafre, who ruled during the Old Kingdom period.

The step pyramid at Saqqara was built during the reign of Pharaoh Djoser, who was a pharaoh of the Third Dynasty.

Pharaoh Akhenaten is known for promoting the worship of the sun god Aten and attempting to establish a monotheistic religion.

Anubis was the ancient Egyptian god associated with mummification, protection of the dead, and guiding souls through the afterlife.

While Osiris is also linked to the afterlife as the ruler of the underworld, Anubis is specifically known for his role in the process of:

• Preserving the dead
• Protecting the deceased
• Guiding souls through the afterlife

The Rosetta Stone played a crucial role in deciphering hieroglyphics because it contained a bilingual inscription in Greek and Egyptian hieroglyphs, allowing scholars to understand the ancient writing system.

Hatshepsut ruled Egypt for the longest time among the female pharaohs. She reigned for over 20 years during the New Kingdom period.

The Valley of the Kings is located near the ancient city of Luxor. It served as the burial site for many pharaohs of the New Kingdom.

Thoth was associated with wisdom and writing. He was the god of knowledge, hieroglyphics, and the inventor of writing.

The Great Pyramid of Giza was built as a royal tomb for Pharaoh Khufu (also known as Cheops) of the Fourth Dynasty.

The Book of the Dead was a collection of spells and rituals intended to guide the deceased in the afterlife. It was buried with the dead to provide assistance in the journey to the afterlife.

Akhenaten is known for establishing a monotheistic religion centered around the worship of Aten, the sun god. He moved the capital to Amarna and temporarily shifted Egypt's religious focus.

Horus, the god of the sky and kingship, is often depicted with the head of a hawk or falcon.

The ancient Egyptian civilization lasted for approximately 3,000 years, from around 3100 BCE to 30 BCE.

The ancient Egyptians believed in an afterlife and practiced mummification to preserve the body for the journey to the next life.

Cleopatra was a member of the Ptolemaic dynasty, which ruled Egypt after the death of Alexander the Great.

The Battle of Kadesh took place during the reign of Ramses II, one of the most powerful and long-lived pharaohs of Egypt.

The worship of Isis, the goddess of magic and fertility, spread to Greece and became popular in the Hellenistic period.