KVS TGT Math Mock Test - 9 - KVS PGT/TGT/PRT MCQ

As we know that ,
Smother means to suffocate or stifle, i.e, to prevent the growth of something, nurture is to help the growth, repress also means to prevent the growth and thus is a synonym to smother.
From above it is clear that Nurture is opposite word of Smother . 

सही उत्तर है - “बच्चे के लिए खिलौना लाओ”।

• अशुद्ध रूप: बच्चे ने खिलौना लाओ।
• शुद्ध रूप: बच्चे के लिए खिलौना लाओ।

Key Points

• बच्चे ने खिलौना लाओ। वाक्य में कारक सम्बंधी अशुद्धियाँ है।
• वाक्यों में कारक संबंधी गलत शब्दों के भी प्रयोग किए जाते हैं, जिस कारण वाक्य अशुद्ध हो जाता है।

Additional Information शुद्ध और अशुद्ध वाक्य के अन्य उदाहरण:–

• अशुद्ध वाक्य – उसने दो एकड़ पृथ्वी खरीदी।
  शुद्ध वाक्य – उसने दो एकड़ भूमि खरीदी।

• अशुद्ध वाक्य – मैं बड़ों की श्रद्धा करता हूँ।
  शुद्ध वाक्य – मैं बड़ों का आदर करता हूँ।

Cash crops are crops grown for sale in the market, and they contribute significantly to the agricultural economy.

Anandmath is a Bengali novel written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, depicting the Sannyasi Rebellion of the late 18th century.

Madison Square Garden is located in New York City, USA. It is a famous multi-purpose indoor arena and a renowned venue for concerts, sports events, and other entertainment shows.

Among the given options:

• Mathura, Allahabad, and Varanasi are all known as important religious cities in India, especially for Hindus.
• Kanpur is mainly recognised as an industrial city and is not famous for religious significance like the others.

So, Kanpur is the word that is different from the rest.

 

1st term = 1
2nd term = 1 + (1) = 2
3rd term = 2 + (1) = 3
4th term = 3 + (3) = 6
5th term = 6 + (3) = 9
6th term = 9 + (9) = 18
7th term = 18 + (9) = 27
8th term = 27 + (27) = 54

Thus, the missing term is 7th term = 27

The option in which the given figure is embedded when rotation is NOT allowed is shown below:

Hence, ‘option 4’ is the correct answer.

1. Seek time: Seek time is the time taken by the disk drive to position the read/write head to the desired track on the disk. It involves moving the head arm across the platter to access the required data. Seek time is crucial because it directly affects the overall time required to access data on the disk.


2. Rotational time: Rotational time, also known as latency or rotational delay, is the time taken for the disk platter to rotate and bring the desired data under the read/write head. It depends on the rotational speed of the disk and the position of the data on the platter. It is an important factor as it contributes to the overall access time.


3. Transmission time: Transmission time refers to the time taken to transfer the data from the disk to the computer's memory or vice versa. It depends on the transfer rate of the disk and the speed of the data bus. While important, it is not specific to accessing data on the disk.


4. Waiting time: Waiting time refers to the time spent by the disk drive in handling other requests or performing internal operations before it can process the data access request. It includes time spent in the disk queue, waiting for other tasks to complete, or performing internal tasks like error correction. While it can affect the overall system performance, it is not directly related to accessing data on the disk.

In conclusion, the most crucial time while accessing data on the disk is the seek time, as it involves positioning the read/write head to the desired track. However, it is important to consider other factors like rotational time, transmission time, and waiting time to fully understand the overall process of accessing data on the disk.

To activate the previous cell in a pre-selected range, you need to press a specific key. Let's go through each option to find the correct key.
A: The Alt key
- The Alt key is not used to activate the previous cell in a pre-selected range. It has other functionalities in Excel, such as accessing the ribbon menu.
B: The Tab key
- The Tab key is used to move to the next cell in a pre-selected range, not the previous cell. Pressing Tab will move the cursor to the cell on the right.
C: The Enter key
- The Enter key is used to move to the cell below the current cell in a pre-selected range. It does not activate the previous cell.
D: None of these
- This is the correct answer. None of the options provided (Alt key, Tab key, Enter key) are used to activate the previous cell in a pre-selected range.
In conclusion, the correct key to activate the previous cell in a pre-selected range is not listed among the options provided. Therefore, the answer is D: None of these.

The process of converting analog signals into digital signals so that they can be processed by a receiving computer is referred to as:

Answer: D. Digitizing

Explanation:
To provide a detailed solution, let's break down the process of converting analog signals into digital signals and explain each step:
1. Analog Signals:
- Analog signals are continuous waveforms that represent real-world data such as sound, temperature, or light intensity.
- These signals have infinite possibilities and can take any value within a specific range.
2. Digital Signals:
- Digital signals are discrete and binary in nature, consisting of only two possible values: 0 and 1.
- These signals are used by computers and digital devices to represent and process information.
3. Process of Conversion:
- The process of converting analog signals into digital signals involves several steps:
a. Sampling:
- The analog signal is sampled at regular intervals to capture its amplitude at each point in time.
- The sampling rate determines the number of samples taken per second, also known as the sample rate.
b. Quantization:
- Each sampled value is quantized by assigning it a specific digital value from a predefined range.
- This process reduces the infinite possibilities of the analog signal to a finite number of digital values.
- The number of digital values available is determined by the bit depth or resolution.
c. Encoding:
- The quantized digital values are encoded into binary code, usually represented as a series of 0s and 1s.
- This encoding allows the digital signal to be transmitted or stored in a format that computers can process.
d. Transmission:
- The digital signal can now be transmitted over various communication channels such as cables, fiber optics, or wireless networks.
- The binary representation of the signal ensures accurate and reliable transmission.
e. Reception and Decoding:
- The receiving computer or device receives the digital signal and decodes it back into quantized values.
- The decoding process reverses the encoding and quantization steps, reconstructing the original analog signal.
f. Processing:
- Once the analog signal is converted back to digital form, the receiving computer can process it using various algorithms and techniques.
- Digital signal processing (DSP) techniques can be applied to manipulate, analyze, or extract information from the digital signal.
Conclusion:
- The entire process of converting analog signals into digital signals, including sampling, quantization, encoding, transmission, reception, decoding, and processing, is collectively known as digitizing.
- Therefore, the correct answer to the given question is D. Digitizing.

A lesson plan outlines in detail the various steps which the teacher proposes to undertake in his/ her class.

• As such, a lesson plan concerns itself with the teaching of one period.
• Planning for a lesson means identification of the sequence and style of presentation and evaluation procedure to be adopted for classroom teaching of a lesson.
• Hence it is a proposition in advance which establishes a linkage between the why what and how of teaching in one period.

Key Points Need of Lesson plan:

Lesson planning helps the teacher in the following ways:

• It makes teaching systematic and well-organized.
• It helps teachers in identifying adequate content and its proper sequencing for teaching a lesson to save from haphazard teaching.
• It helps teachers to learn to foresee and tackle the learning difficulties of children.
• It enables teachers to utilize the available time properly.
• It helps in developing insights about the learning needs and abilities of children.
• It helps teachers to develop the habit of undertaking immediate corrective measures.
• It gives confidence to teachers during teaching

Hence, it can be concluded that all the above statements are true about lesson planning

Methods of teaching: It is the pedagogy and general principles use for instruction The strategy has to be set up based on the educational philosophy, students learning capacity, subject matter, and the classroom demography. Sometimes infrastructure plays an important role in the teaching method.

Important Points

For teaching democracy and democracy procedures, the most conducive method is a role-playing method. Through role-play the teacher can create situations by assigning roles of leaders who represented their parties in elections. 

Key Points

Role-playing method: The word ‘role’ implies accepting a part in a sequence and play means acting it out. Roleplay is more flexible compared to drama.

• The drama will have a fixed theme, the conversations being prefixed, the sequence of events being rigidly followed, etc.
• The role play does not have any one of these. In a role-play, there may be a theme, but the conversations will have to be evolved by a group of students or actors.
• Sometimes role play is organized without having necessary rehearsals.
• Example: Play the role of a Panchayat President who is addressing the members of Gram Sabha.
• Roleplay is very helpful in sensitizing the students to certain issues and making them understand the difficulties involved by placing them in the given roles. It develops in their confidence, communication skills, etc. which are also a part of life skills.

Hence, we can conclude that the teaching method in the secondary school that is the most conducive to the teaching of democracy and the democratic procedure is role-playing method.

Puberty: It is the time when external and internal physical changes in sex organs occur due to the secretion of reproductive hormones. It regulates growth through its influence on the glands in the endocrine system namely the thyroid gland, the pituitary gland, and the adrenal gland.

Key Points

• The approximate age of puberty among students is 12 - 19 years of age.
• In boys, the male hormone testosterone, secreted by the testes is responsible for the various physical changes taking place in the body  -
  • Body hair distribution
  • Effect on the voice
  • Increased secretions by skin glands often lead to acne formation
  • Muscle development and distribution
  • Increased bone growth
  • Increased metabolic rate
  • Increased production of red blood cells
  • Increased size of penis and scrotum
  • Production of sperms
• In girls, the ovaries start secreting the female sex hormones viz., estrogen and progesterone that are responsible for the various physical changes taking place in the body of the adolescent girl -
  • Body hair distribution 
  • Soft and smooth skin 
  • Increased fat deposition in the body 
  • Slight increase in metabolic rate 
  • A small increase in protein deposition
  • Increased deposition of calcium in bones and increased bone growth 
  • Development of breast tissue
  • Increase in size of all reproductive organs – internal as well as external
  • Initiation of menstruation (menarche). 

Thus, it is concluded that the approximate age of puberty among students is 12 - 19 years of age.

Maintaining discipline in the classroom is one of the important task which should be done by the teacher during teaching learning process because indiscipline in classroom may cause disturbance for all the students and even the students which who are in the other classrooms also.Key Points

When I see some students are deliberately trying to break the discipline of the class by doing mischief I will

• Teach them some moral values and teach them disciplined behaviour and also specify the disadvantages of indiscipline behaviour and mischief.
• Closely follow them and find out the reasons for their indiscipline behaviour and mischief and try to solve them in their own way.
• Will give them an opportunity to introspect and improve their behaviour after teaching them some moral values and making them change their path regarding their behaviour.
• Design interesting and curious activities for this kind of student so that they stop the mysterious behaviour and divert their concentration towards learning.

Hence I will give them an opportunity to introspect and improve their behaviour.

The teaching-learning process is aimed to bring permanent change in the behavior of an individual (knowledge, skill, and attitude) that can be acquired consciously.

• It involves planning and execution of several activities and experiences to bring the desired outcomes.
• If the outcomes are not achieved as per expectations or much lower than that it is considered as the "failure" of the system.

Important Point

The collaborative teaching-learning process is a synchronized process in which students attempt to learn something together.

• They work as a team that develops the team spirit, feeling of collaboration, and make them good communicators as well.
• The use of a collaborative learning approach will help a teacher to develop social interdependence and participation among students and will help in removing the communication gap among students.

Key Points 

Therefore, it is concluded that programmed learning does not come under the collaborative teaching-learning process.

 A textbook is a tool for both teachers and students. A good textbook acts as a source of knowledge and an instruction to students for interpreting the truths.

Key Points

Quality of a good textbook :

• Textbooks must have good quality pages and the content should be easy on the eyes.
• Binding: Textbooks must have a permanent binding that makes them easy to open.
• Good quality binding also ensures that the book lasts for a long period of time.
• Loosely bound textbooks will discourage the students from studying them.
• Price should be affordable.

Important Points
Textbooks perform the following functions: 

• Textbooks inculcate the habit of self-study and activity among the students;
• Develop thinking and reasoning in the minds of the students
• Help teachers in developing teaching efficiency in different areas
• Help students develop proper comprehension of subjects
• Develops good relationship between society and students
• Give students an opportunity to understand subjects from inter and multidisciplinary perspectives
• It is a tool for realizing the educational objectives of the subject
• It is the foundation on which the course/program of study is built up
• It is a principal source of study materials for a given course. 

Hence, we can conclude that helping students to cram all the formulas and important points is not a function of a good textbook rather it help students develop proper comprehension of subjects.

The curriculum is a contested and often misunderstood concept. At a simple level, the curriculum simply means a course of study. The word is derived from the Latin word meaning ‘racecourse’ or ‘race’ and has come to mean a general course, conveying the notion of going somewhere in a predefined direction.

Curriculum-

• an umbrella term denoting the totality of the learning experience of children and young people in school.
• Considering the curriculum would thus include the questions of what, how, and why listed below, as well as assessment.
• Scotland’s Curriculum for Excellence states that the curriculum is ‘the totality of all that is planned for children and young people throughout their education’ 

Curriculum purpose-  

• statements of what the curriculum is intended to achieve.
• These include narrowly defined outcomes or objectives, and more broadly defined aims or goals. This is the ‘why’ of the curriculum and is often (but not always) made explicit in official documents.

Curriculum Approach:

• It is a way of dealing with curriculum, a way of doing, creating, designing, and thinking about the curriculum.
• According to Ornstein and Hunkins (2009), six curriculum approaches are Behavioral Approach, Managerial Approach, Systems Approach, Academic Approach, Reconceptualist Approach, and Humanistic Approach.

Approaches to Curriculum

Behavioral Approach:

• It is based on the Behavioural Principle, goals and objectives are specified, content and activities are also arranged with learning objectives.
• Learning outcomes are evaluated in terms of the goals and objectives set at the beginning.
• Its main aim is to achieve efficiency.
• CHANGE IN BEHAVIOUR indicates the measure of accomplishment.

Managerial Approach:

• It became dominant in the 1950s and 1960s. Based on the following principle:

1. General Leader: He/She sets the policies and priorities, establishes the direction of change and innovation, and plans and organizing curriculum and instruction.
2. Curriculum Leader: He/She looks at the curriculum changes and innovations as they administer the resources and restructure the school infrastructure.

• Role of Curriculum Leader:
  • To help in the development of the School’s educational goals.
  • To plan a curriculum with students, parents, teachers, and other stakeholders.
  • To design programs of study by grade levels.
  • To help in the evaluation and selection of textbooks.
  • To assist teachers in the implementation of the curriculum.
  • To develop standards for curriculum and instructional evaluation.
• Through this approach, educators are able to plan and focus the curriculum on specific programs, schedules, space, resources, equipment, and personnel.

System Approach:

• The whole system is approached by system theory.
• The whole approach represents the line-staff relationship of personnel and represents the way, how the decisions are made?
• It gives equal importance to all levels: 1. Administration 2. Counselling 3. Curriculum 4. Instruction 5. Evaluation.
• A curriculum plan using this approach stresses the use of organizational diagrams, flow charts, and committee structures including subjects, courses, unit plans, and lesson plans

Important Points

Humanistic Approach:

• It is rooted in progressive philosophy and follows the child-centered movements.
• It considers the formal or planned curriculum and the informal or hidden curriculum.
• It considers the whole child and believes that in the curriculum the total development of the individual is the prime consideration.
• Grounded in utilizing instructional strategies such as cooperative learning, independent learning, small-group learning, and social activities instead of competitive, teacher-dominated, large group learning. Schools that adopt this approach emphasize active student participation in the context of learning 

Academic Approach:

• The Academic approach founded on the theories of John Dewey, Henry Morrison, and Boyd Bode.
• This approach to curriculum is based on centering curriculum that is non-traditional, such as historical knowledge, philosophical, social, and political. Schools adopting this approach are able to develop a student’s sense of self beyond subject matter and pedagogy.

Reconceptualist approach:

• Highlights that change is a focal point.
• Considered an extension of the humanistic approach, targets learning through political, economic, social, moral, and artistic endeavors.
• Schools using this approach envision the curriculum as a means to help schools become an extension of the community and society, greatly benefiting the student’s sense of self and social power in and out of the classroom.    
• Associated with this sixth approach are the developmental theories of Pinar and past theorists such as George Counts, Harold Rugg, and Harold Benjamin.
• The curriculum operates (or is made) in different ways at different levels:
  1. supra – transnational ideas about education
  2. macro – national-level policy intentions
  3. meso – policy guidance
  4. micro – school-level curricular practices
  5. nano – classroom interactions.

Key Points

Conclusion: In consideration of these definitions and curriculum approaches to define curriculum, I define curriculum in my own terms consisting of what is taught, well-planned in the subject matter (math, science, English, history), and consideration of student needs.  Experiences that help students increase their thinking and develop social relationships are important. These learning experiences help to foster a student’s self-esteem and increase the chances that learning will have a positive outcome. The Behaviorist approach advocates “learners as cognitive individuals functioning within a social context”. Cooperative group learning and instructional strategies involving direct interaction with the learner is rooted in the perspective of the Humanistic approach, with an emphasis on active student participation and building a student’s self-esteem which is an aspect of social power and consciousness. Hence, option (4) is correct.

According to Tagore, God reveals Himself through Nature more effectively than through man-made institutions. Hence, the education of the child should be under natural surroundings so that he develops a love for all things around him.

Aims of education as advocated by Tagore:

1) Physical development:

• Tagore believed that a healthy mind lives in a healthy body. Hence, he insisted that the first aim of education should be to develop the child physically.
• He prescribed various physical activities like swimming, diving in ponds, climbing on trees, plucking fruits and flowers, and various types of games and sports in the company of natural phenomena.
• He also prescribed a healthy and wholesome diet for children.

2) Mental development:

• According to Tagore the second aim of education should be to promote mental development.
• Tagore has written- “In comparison with book learning, knowing the real living directly is true education. It not only promotes the acquiring of some knowledge but develops the curiosity and faulty of knowledge and learning so powerfully that no classroom teaching can match it”.

3) Moral and spiritual development:

• Being idealist, Tagore emphasized that the third aim of education should be to promote the moral and spiritual development of the child.
• In his writings, he has thrown light on a number of moral and spiritual values that education should strive to inculcate in children.
• Education should teach children self-discipline, tolerance, courtesy, and inner freedom.

Important Points

4) Development of all faculties:

• Tagore’s individualism is well known.
• He firmly believed that the chief aim of education should be the drawing out of all the latent faculties of the child.
• To him, the child is more important than all kinds of books, rules, and teachers. His personal problems namely self- development, self- experience, and self- expression can only be reinforced by individual experiences.
• He believed a child should be free to enjoy complete freedom to develop his mind and soul to the full in an environment of love, regard, sympathy, and affection.
• In short, Tagore exhorted that the child should be saved from the burden of dead books and imposed discipline and allowed all initiative and self-experiencing.

5) Development of international attitude:

• According to Tagore the last aim of education should be to develop an international attitude in children.
• Tagore was individualist, yet his individualism did not cut across his socialism and even internationalism.
• To the extent, he emphasized individual development, to the same extent he advocated the development, of society and the whole human race.
• In fact, Tagore’s vision was that an individual should develop to the fullest extent, and then he should contribute his best to the promotion of international welfare.

Hence, "Child is more important than books". This viewpoint of Tagore represents his faith in the following aims of education Individual aims.

The sample space for the event is :    (H,H)  (T,H)  (H,T)  (T,T)
Therefore total outcomes= 4

Probability =  1/4

tan 1° tan2° tan3° ..............tan 89°
= tan(90° -  89°) tan(90° - 88°) tan(90° -  87°) .........  tan 87° tan 88° tan 89°
= cot 89° cot 88° cot 87° .............tan 87° tan 88° tan 89°
= (cot 89° tan 89°) (cot 88° tan 88°) (cot 87° tan 87°) .............(cot 44° tan 44°) tan 45°
= 1x1x1x1x1.........1 = 1 

A polynomial of degree 3 is called a cubic polynomial. 

For example, x³−1, 4a³ − 100a² + a − 6, and m²n + mn² are all cubic polynomials with atmost 3 zeroes (having degree 3).

Hence, the polynomial having atmost 3 zero is a cubic polynomial.

We know that the perimeter of parallelogram ABCD can be written as

Perimeter = AB + BC + CD + DA

We know that opposite sides of parallelogram are equal

AB = CD and BC = DA

By substituting the values

Perimeter = 9.5 + BC + 9.5 + BC

It is given that perimeter = 30 cm

So we get

30 = 19 + 2BC

It can be written as

2BC = 30 – 19

By subtraction

2BC = 11

By division we get

BC = 5.5 cm

Therefore, AB = 9.5 cm, BC = 5.5 cm, CD = 9.5 cm and DA = 5.5 cm.

Let x and y be the upper and lower class limit of frequency distribution.
Given, width of the class = 5
⇒ x-y= 5 …(i)
Also, given lower class (y) = 10 On putting y = 10 in Eq. (i), we get
x – 10= 5 ⇒  x = 15 So, the upper class limit of the lowest class is 15.
Hence, the upper class limit of the highest class
=(Number of continuous classes x Class width + Lower class limit of the lowest class)
= 5 x 5+10 = 25+10=35
Hence,’the upper class limit of the highest class is 35.
Alternate Method
After finding the upper class limit of the lowest class, the five continuous classes in a frequency distribution with width 5 are 10-15,15-20, 20-25, 25-30 and 30-35.
Thus, the highest class is 30-35,
Hence, the upper limit of this class is 35.