CLAT Exam  >  CLAT Tests  >  CLAT Mock Test Series 2026  >  Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - CLAT MCQ

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - CLAT MCQ


Test Description

30 Questions MCQ Test CLAT Mock Test Series 2026 - Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 for CLAT 2025 is part of CLAT Mock Test Series 2026 preparation. The Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 questions and answers have been prepared according to the CLAT exam syllabus.The Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 MCQs are made for CLAT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 below.
Solutions of Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 questions in English are available as part of our CLAT Mock Test Series 2026 for CLAT & Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 solutions in Hindi for CLAT Mock Test Series 2026 course. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for CLAT Exam by signing up for free. Attempt Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 | 120 questions in 120 minutes | Mock test for CLAT preparation | Free important questions MCQ to study CLAT Mock Test Series 2026 for CLAT Exam | Download free PDF with solutions
Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 1

Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below.

In love, the problem is not who to love, but how to love. Love is an ability, a capacity in our minds that has to be systematically cultivated. Once the faculty of love has developed, we have the total freedom to love, and then any situation is a fertile ground for our love to grow. Man, irrespective of his belief or nationality, seeks love all around him. Yet only a rare few seem to discover an apparent satisfaction in personal relationships. Man helplessly waits for love to be given to him, to receive love. Alas! None ‘give’ love; all are anxiously waiting to ‘get’ love. All are always disappointed.

Love is of two distinct types. The ‘higher love’ is called prema bhakti, devotion; and the ‘lower love’ is known as sneha, affection. When the love is directed to a ‘higher’ object of love, it is called prema; when it is directed towards a ‘lower’ object of love, it is called sneha. Thus, we have prema bhakti towards parents, teachers, country, and knowledge, while we have sneha for our friends, brothers, sisters, dogs, cows, flowers, toys, and books. The emotion is the same in both the higher and lower kinds of love. But when we direct our love towards a higher, more inspiring ideal, our mind expands, our vision deepens and our efficiency multiplies. Then it is prema. When this prema is directed towards the Lord, the divine essence in man, it is called bhakti. When the same emotion of love goes towards the external objects of pleasure – things or beings, it slowly shells us into a prison of sorrows and excitements, pangs and sobs. Then love degrades itself to be of the lower type – sneha.

Rishis always repeat that higher love alone can help us overcome our sense of incompleteness and alienation. To ‘give’ love is, therefore, to love everyone without expecting any results, gains, and profits, but demanding of life your privilege to love all. True love is not a passive ‘taking’ but a dynamic ‘giving’. Love is its own reward when it is true and full, unconditional and joyful – love is afulfilment in itself. Very few realise this; none dares to live it in life. Only the special few, who have grown up a little in their inward vision, and evolved slightly in their spiritual growth, can feel this way and readily discover the heroism to love, to give love to all creatures. All are but Narayan in manifestation. What else then can we give to the world but love.

Some of us love only if we are loved in return. This is a commercial attitude, and an expression of our mental weakness. The Sun gives and demands nothing. Everywhere in nature, among animals and plants, the universal rhythm is to ‘give’ lovingly and not to ‘demand’ love from others.

To give love is true freedom; to demand love is pure slavery. Do not feel cheated if others do not give you love. The Lord Himself serves us all every moment, even when we do not love Him in return. Let us be godlike in our love for others – always and in all ways.

Q. What does the passage suggest about the concept of "higher love" (prema bhakti) as compared to "lower love" (sneha)?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 1

The passage distinguishes between two types of love: "higher love" (prema bhakti) and "lower love" (sneha). It explains that the emotional aspect of both types of love is similar, but the crucial distinction lies in the direction of love. Higher love is directed towards more inspiring ideals such as parents, teachers, country, and knowledge, and it is said to expand one's mind and deepen their vision. On the other hand, lower love is directed towards external objects of pleasure, which, over time, leads to suffering and sorrows. Therefore, option C accurately captures this distinction between higher and lower love as described in the passage.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 2

Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below.

In love, the problem is not who to love, but how to love. Love is an ability, a capacity in our minds that has to be systematically cultivated. Once the faculty of love has developed, we have the total freedom to love, and then any situation is a fertile ground for our love to grow. Man, irrespective of his belief or nationality, seeks love all around him. Yet only a rare few seem to discover an apparent satisfaction in personal relationships. Man helplessly waits for love to be given to him, to receive love. Alas! None ‘give’ love; all are anxiously waiting to ‘get’ love. All are always disappointed.

Love is of two distinct types. The ‘higher love’ is called prema bhakti, devotion; and the ‘lower love’ is known as sneha, affection. When the love is directed to a ‘higher’ object of love, it is called prema; when it is directed towards a ‘lower’ object of love, it is called sneha. Thus, we have prema bhakti towards parents, teachers, country, and knowledge, while we have sneha for our friends, brothers, sisters, dogs, cows, flowers, toys, and books. The emotion is the same in both the higher and lower kinds of love. But when we direct our love towards a higher, more inspiring ideal, our mind expands, our vision deepens and our efficiency multiplies. Then it is prema. When this prema is directed towards the Lord, the divine essence in man, it is called bhakti. When the same emotion of love goes towards the external objects of pleasure – things or beings, it slowly shells us into a prison of sorrows and excitements, pangs and sobs. Then love degrades itself to be of the lower type – sneha.

Rishis always repeat that higher love alone can help us overcome our sense of incompleteness and alienation. To ‘give’ love is, therefore, to love everyone without expecting any results, gains, and profits, but demanding of life your privilege to love all. True love is not a passive ‘taking’ but a dynamic ‘giving’. Love is its own reward when it is true and full, unconditional and joyful – love is afulfilment in itself. Very few realise this; none dares to live it in life. Only the special few, who have grown up a little in their inward vision, and evolved slightly in their spiritual growth, can feel this way and readily discover the heroism to love, to give love to all creatures. All are but Narayan in manifestation. What else then can we give to the world but love.

Some of us love only if we are loved in return. This is a commercial attitude, and an expression of our mental weakness. The Sun gives and demands nothing. Everywhere in nature, among animals and plants, the universal rhythm is to ‘give’ lovingly and not to ‘demand’ love from others.

To give love is true freedom; to demand love is pure slavery. Do not feel cheated if others do not give you love. The Lord Himself serves us all every moment, even when we do not love Him in return. Let us be godlike in our love for others – always and in all ways.

Q. According to the passage, what is the significance of giving love as opposed to demanding it?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 2

The passage advocates for the idea that giving love unconditionally is an act of true freedom, while demanding love from others is likened to a commercial attitude. It suggests that love should be selfless and unconditional, without expectations of receiving love in return. This aligns with the passage's overall message that true love involves dynamic giving rather than passive taking. Therefore, option B accurately reflects the passage's perspective on the significance of giving and demanding love.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 3

Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below.

In love, the problem is not who to love, but how to love. Love is an ability, a capacity in our minds that has to be systematically cultivated. Once the faculty of love has developed, we have the total freedom to love, and then any situation is a fertile ground for our love to grow. Man, irrespective of his belief or nationality, seeks love all around him. Yet only a rare few seem to discover an apparent satisfaction in personal relationships. Man helplessly waits for love to be given to him, to receive love. Alas! None ‘give’ love; all are anxiously waiting to ‘get’ love. All are always disappointed.

Love is of two distinct types. The ‘higher love’ is called prema bhakti, devotion; and the ‘lower love’ is known as sneha, affection. When the love is directed to a ‘higher’ object of love, it is called prema; when it is directed towards a ‘lower’ object of love, it is called sneha. Thus, we have prema bhakti towards parents, teachers, country, and knowledge, while we have sneha for our friends, brothers, sisters, dogs, cows, flowers, toys, and books. The emotion is the same in both the higher and lower kinds of love. But when we direct our love towards a higher, more inspiring ideal, our mind expands, our vision deepens and our efficiency multiplies. Then it is prema. When this prema is directed towards the Lord, the divine essence in man, it is called bhakti. When the same emotion of love goes towards the external objects of pleasure – things or beings, it slowly shells us into a prison of sorrows and excitements, pangs and sobs. Then love degrades itself to be of the lower type – sneha.

Rishis always repeat that higher love alone can help us overcome our sense of incompleteness and alienation. To ‘give’ love is, therefore, to love everyone without expecting any results, gains, and profits, but demanding of life your privilege to love all. True love is not a passive ‘taking’ but a dynamic ‘giving’. Love is its own reward when it is true and full, unconditional and joyful – love is afulfilment in itself. Very few realise this; none dares to live it in life. Only the special few, who have grown up a little in their inward vision, and evolved slightly in their spiritual growth, can feel this way and readily discover the heroism to love, to give love to all creatures. All are but Narayan in manifestation. What else then can we give to the world but love.

Some of us love only if we are loved in return. This is a commercial attitude, and an expression of our mental weakness. The Sun gives and demands nothing. Everywhere in nature, among animals and plants, the universal rhythm is to ‘give’ lovingly and not to ‘demand’ love from others.

To give love is true freedom; to demand love is pure slavery. Do not feel cheated if others do not give you love. The Lord Himself serves us all every moment, even when we do not love Him in return. Let us be godlike in our love for others – always and in all ways.

Q. Pick the opposite of "unconditional" as it appears in the passage:

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 3

In the verse, the phrase "unconditional" refers to the absence of any restrictions or requirements. Qualified is the opposite of unconditional and suggests that there are restrictions or criteria linked to something.
Hence, Option D is the correct answer.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 4

Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below.

In love, the problem is not who to love, but how to love. Love is an ability, a capacity in our minds that has to be systematically cultivated. Once the faculty of love has developed, we have the total freedom to love, and then any situation is a fertile ground for our love to grow. Man, irrespective of his belief or nationality, seeks love all around him. Yet only a rare few seem to discover an apparent satisfaction in personal relationships. Man helplessly waits for love to be given to him, to receive love. Alas! None ‘give’ love; all are anxiously waiting to ‘get’ love. All are always disappointed.

Love is of two distinct types. The ‘higher love’ is called prema bhakti, devotion; and the ‘lower love’ is known as sneha, affection. When the love is directed to a ‘higher’ object of love, it is called prema; when it is directed towards a ‘lower’ object of love, it is called sneha. Thus, we have prema bhakti towards parents, teachers, country, and knowledge, while we have sneha for our friends, brothers, sisters, dogs, cows, flowers, toys, and books. The emotion is the same in both the higher and lower kinds of love. But when we direct our love towards a higher, more inspiring ideal, our mind expands, our vision deepens and our efficiency multiplies. Then it is prema. When this prema is directed towards the Lord, the divine essence in man, it is called bhakti. When the same emotion of love goes towards the external objects of pleasure – things or beings, it slowly shells us into a prison of sorrows and excitements, pangs and sobs. Then love degrades itself to be of the lower type – sneha.

Rishis always repeat that higher love alone can help us overcome our sense of incompleteness and alienation. To ‘give’ love is, therefore, to love everyone without expecting any results, gains, and profits, but demanding of life your privilege to love all. True love is not a passive ‘taking’ but a dynamic ‘giving’. Love is its own reward when it is true and full, unconditional and joyful – love is afulfilment in itself. Very few realise this; none dares to live it in life. Only the special few, who have grown up a little in their inward vision, and evolved slightly in their spiritual growth, can feel this way and readily discover the heroism to love, to give love to all creatures. All are but Narayan in manifestation. What else then can we give to the world but love.

Some of us love only if we are loved in return. This is a commercial attitude, and an expression of our mental weakness. The Sun gives and demands nothing. Everywhere in nature, among animals and plants, the universal rhythm is to ‘give’ lovingly and not to ‘demand’ love from others.

To give love is true freedom; to demand love is pure slavery. Do not feel cheated if others do not give you love. The Lord Himself serves us all every moment, even when we do not love Him in return. Let us be godlike in our love for others – always and in all ways.

Q. What is the passage's main point addressing the idea of love and its importance in life?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 4

The passage's fundamental point is that true love is dynamic, unconditional, and self-fulfilling. Higher love, or prema bhakti, is giving love without expecting anything in return, and it might aid in overcoming emotions of alienation and incompleteness. Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 5

Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below.

In love, the problem is not who to love, but how to love. Love is an ability, a capacity in our minds that has to be systematically cultivated. Once the faculty of love has developed, we have the total freedom to love, and then any situation is a fertile ground for our love to grow. Man, irrespective of his belief or nationality, seeks love all around him. Yet only a rare few seem to discover an apparent satisfaction in personal relationships. Man helplessly waits for love to be given to him, to receive love. Alas! None ‘give’ love; all are anxiously waiting to ‘get’ love. All are always disappointed.

Love is of two distinct types. The ‘higher love’ is called prema bhakti, devotion; and the ‘lower love’ is known as sneha, affection. When the love is directed to a ‘higher’ object of love, it is called prema; when it is directed towards a ‘lower’ object of love, it is called sneha. Thus, we have prema bhakti towards parents, teachers, country, and knowledge, while we have sneha for our friends, brothers, sisters, dogs, cows, flowers, toys, and books. The emotion is the same in both the higher and lower kinds of love. But when we direct our love towards a higher, more inspiring ideal, our mind expands, our vision deepens and our efficiency multiplies. Then it is prema. When this prema is directed towards the Lord, the divine essence in man, it is called bhakti. When the same emotion of love goes towards the external objects of pleasure – things or beings, it slowly shells us into a prison of sorrows and excitements, pangs and sobs. Then love degrades itself to be of the lower type – sneha.

Rishis always repeat that higher love alone can help us overcome our sense of incompleteness and alienation. To ‘give’ love is, therefore, to love everyone without expecting any results, gains, and profits, but demanding of life your privilege to love all. True love is not a passive ‘taking’ but a dynamic ‘giving’. Love is its own reward when it is true and full, unconditional and joyful – love is afulfilment in itself. Very few realise this; none dares to live it in life. Only the special few, who have grown up a little in their inward vision, and evolved slightly in their spiritual growth, can feel this way and readily discover the heroism to love, to give love to all creatures. All are but Narayan in manifestation. What else then can we give to the world but love.

Some of us love only if we are loved in return. This is a commercial attitude, and an expression of our mental weakness. The Sun gives and demands nothing. Everywhere in nature, among animals and plants, the universal rhythm is to ‘give’ lovingly and not to ‘demand’ love from others.

To give love is true freedom; to demand love is pure slavery. Do not feel cheated if others do not give you love. The Lord Himself serves us all every moment, even when we do not love Him in return. Let us be godlike in our love for others – always and in all ways.

Q. What distinction can be drawn between prema bhakti and sneha in terms of the targets of their affection, according to the passage?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 5

Prema bhakti, according to the scripture, is oriented toward the divine essence within a person, whereas sneha is focused on material items, people, or other living things. Prema bhakti entails focusing love on loftier, more motivating goals. Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 6

Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below.

The Great Indian Startup Boom of the last decade, led by young entrepreneurs and catalysed by the government’s Startup India movement, created an environment of entrepreneurship in India. The Startup movement is not limited to metro cities, but has successfully captured the imagination of suburban and rural entrepreneurs. Today, there are more than one lakh startups recognised by the government, with about half of them coming from Tier 2 and Tier 3 cities. It has created a sense of agency among India’s youth, and a sense of freedom of being able to determine their own destiny.

The Startup movement is moving beyond the consumer Internet and e-commerce to genuine deep technology areas, such as space and remote sensing, artificial intelligence and robotics, biotech and pharma, electric vehicles, drones, defence, telecommunications, semiconductors, and many more. These real sectors go beyond digital marketplaces, seller discovery, and exchange of information, and impact many more sectors of the economy, which will bring deeper industrialisation in newer areas and more jobs. Deep tech entrepreneurship is also creating new avenues for science and technology (S&T) discoveries in the public sector labs to reach the market.

The successes at IIT Madras’s Research Park, which has incubated over 200 deep tech companies cumulatively valued at over ₹50,000 crore including those in space and aviation; the C-CAMP, which has in its portfolio seven deep biotech startups that have raised more than ₹550 crores; and the National Chemical Laboratory’s Venture Centre support to file and commercialise high-quality patents, are some of the evidence of how science in public-funded institutions can reach citizens and consumers, through startups.

The authors’ conversations with technology leaders in academia and industry have shown that faculty members find it easier to spin out their discoveries through startups founded by themselves or their alumni, instead of licensing or patent re-assignments. This evolution provides a unique opportunity for leveraging our deep historical investments in S&T in its public labs and institutions.

In a way, it can be said that deep tech startups are the main route through which India is taking technology risks, a crucial element of any country’s process to build new capabilities. Traditional risk-taking sectors such as government departments and legacy corporates seem frozen in comparison, perhaps due to the intense scrutiny of risky initiatives by their respective stakeholders, voters and public markets investors. Many mission-driven programs of the government have not yielded the expected innovation results, other than a few bright spots in sectors such as space and defence. India’s industrial investment in research and development (R&D) is also lamentably low in most sectors other than pharma.

The industry has mostly preferred investing in deep-tech startups and buying successful scaled technologies. This observation is corroborated by the number of deep tech startups being acquired by Indian legacy corporates, such as the Tatas buying Saankhya and Tejas Networks, Reliance acquiring Faradion and Hero Motors buying equity in Ather Motors etc.

Q. Which of the following, if true, undermines the claim that India is primarily taking technological risks through deep tech startups?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 6

The claim that deep tech companies are the principal channel via which India is taking technological risks is undermined by Option D. If traditional risk-taking industries like government agencies and legacy corporations are successful in acquiring and scaling up startup technologies, it suggests that these industries are also significantly contributing to technological innovation and reducing the exclusive role of deep tech startups. Hence, Option D is the correct answer.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 7

Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below.

The Great Indian Startup Boom of the last decade, led by young entrepreneurs and catalysed by the government’s Startup India movement, created an environment of entrepreneurship in India. The Startup movement is not limited to metro cities, but has successfully captured the imagination of suburban and rural entrepreneurs. Today, there are more than one lakh startups recognised by the government, with about half of them coming from Tier 2 and Tier 3 cities. It has created a sense of agency among India’s youth, and a sense of freedom of being able to determine their own destiny.

The Startup movement is moving beyond the consumer Internet and e-commerce to genuine deep technology areas, such as space and remote sensing, artificial intelligence and robotics, biotech and pharma, electric vehicles, drones, defence, telecommunications, semiconductors, and many more. These real sectors go beyond digital marketplaces, seller discovery, and exchange of information, and impact many more sectors of the economy, which will bring deeper industrialisation in newer areas and more jobs. Deep tech entrepreneurship is also creating new avenues for science and technology (S&T) discoveries in the public sector labs to reach the market.

The successes at IIT Madras’s Research Park, which has incubated over 200 deep tech companies cumulatively valued at over ₹50,000 crore including those in space and aviation; the C-CAMP, which has in its portfolio seven deep biotech startups that have raised more than ₹550 crores; and the National Chemical Laboratory’s Venture Centre support to file and commercialise high-quality patents, are some of the evidence of how science in public-funded institutions can reach citizens and consumers, through startups.

The authors’ conversations with technology leaders in academia and industry have shown that faculty members find it easier to spin out their discoveries through startups founded by themselves or their alumni, instead of licensing or patent re-assignments. This evolution provides a unique opportunity for leveraging our deep historical investments in S&T in its public labs and institutions.

In a way, it can be said that deep tech startups are the main route through which India is taking technology risks, a crucial element of any country’s process to build new capabilities. Traditional risk-taking sectors such as government departments and legacy corporates seem frozen in comparison, perhaps due to the intense scrutiny of risky initiatives by their respective stakeholders, voters and public markets investors. Many mission-driven programs of the government have not yielded the expected innovation results, other than a few bright spots in sectors such as space and defence. India’s industrial investment in research and development (R&D) is also lamentably low in most sectors other than pharma.

The industry has mostly preferred investing in deep-tech startups and buying successful scaled technologies. This observation is corroborated by the number of deep tech startups being acquired by Indian legacy corporates, such as the Tatas buying Saankhya and Tejas Networks, Reliance acquiring Faradion and Hero Motors buying equity in Ather Motors etc.

Q. How does the author feel about deep tech startups' role in assuming technological risks?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 7

The author's perspective on how deep tech startups play a part in taking technological risks is encouraging. The author sees this as a key component in developing new capabilities. The article indicates that deep tech companies are the primary avenue via which India is taking technology risks. Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 8

Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below.

The Great Indian Startup Boom of the last decade, led by young entrepreneurs and catalysed by the government’s Startup India movement, created an environment of entrepreneurship in India. The Startup movement is not limited to metro cities, but has successfully captured the imagination of suburban and rural entrepreneurs. Today, there are more than one lakh startups recognised by the government, with about half of them coming from Tier 2 and Tier 3 cities. It has created a sense of agency among India’s youth, and a sense of freedom of being able to determine their own destiny.

The Startup movement is moving beyond the consumer Internet and e-commerce to genuine deep technology areas, such as space and remote sensing, artificial intelligence and robotics, biotech and pharma, electric vehicles, drones, defence, telecommunications, semiconductors, and many more. These real sectors go beyond digital marketplaces, seller discovery, and exchange of information, and impact many more sectors of the economy, which will bring deeper industrialisation in newer areas and more jobs. Deep tech entrepreneurship is also creating new avenues for science and technology (S&T) discoveries in the public sector labs to reach the market.

The successes at IIT Madras’s Research Park, which has incubated over 200 deep tech companies cumulatively valued at over ₹50,000 crore including those in space and aviation; the C-CAMP, which has in its portfolio seven deep biotech startups that have raised more than ₹550 crores; and the National Chemical Laboratory’s Venture Centre support to file and commercialise high-quality patents, are some of the evidence of how science in public-funded institutions can reach citizens and consumers, through startups.

The authors’ conversations with technology leaders in academia and industry have shown that faculty members find it easier to spin out their discoveries through startups founded by themselves or their alumni, instead of licensing or patent re-assignments. This evolution provides a unique opportunity for leveraging our deep historical investments in S&T in its public labs and institutions.

In a way, it can be said that deep tech startups are the main route through which India is taking technology risks, a crucial element of any country’s process to build new capabilities. Traditional risk-taking sectors such as government departments and legacy corporates seem frozen in comparison, perhaps due to the intense scrutiny of risky initiatives by their respective stakeholders, voters and public markets investors. Many mission-driven programs of the government have not yielded the expected innovation results, other than a few bright spots in sectors such as space and defence. India’s industrial investment in research and development (R&D) is also lamentably low in most sectors other than pharma.

The industry has mostly preferred investing in deep-tech startups and buying successful scaled technologies. This observation is corroborated by the number of deep tech startups being acquired by Indian legacy corporates, such as the Tatas buying Saankhya and Tejas Networks, Reliance acquiring Faradion and Hero Motors buying equity in Ather Motors etc.

Q. What sparked the Great Indian Startup Boom of the past ten years, and what impact has it had on Indian entrepreneurship?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 8

According to the text, the government's Startup India campaign, which was spearheaded by young entrepreneurs, served as the catalyst for the Great Indian Startup Boom. Additionally, it claims that the movement fostered entrepreneurship in India and successfully attracted the attention of urban and rural businesspeople, giving young people there a sense of agency. Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 9

Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below.

The Great Indian Startup Boom of the last decade, led by young entrepreneurs and catalysed by the government’s Startup India movement, created an environment of entrepreneurship in India. The Startup movement is not limited to metro cities, but has successfully captured the imagination of suburban and rural entrepreneurs. Today, there are more than one lakh startups recognised by the government, with about half of them coming from Tier 2 and Tier 3 cities. It has created a sense of agency among India’s youth, and a sense of freedom of being able to determine their own destiny.

The Startup movement is moving beyond the consumer Internet and e-commerce to genuine deep technology areas, such as space and remote sensing, artificial intelligence and robotics, biotech and pharma, electric vehicles, drones, defence, telecommunications, semiconductors, and many more. These real sectors go beyond digital marketplaces, seller discovery, and exchange of information, and impact many more sectors of the economy, which will bring deeper industrialisation in newer areas and more jobs. Deep tech entrepreneurship is also creating new avenues for science and technology (S&T) discoveries in the public sector labs to reach the market.

The successes at IIT Madras’s Research Park, which has incubated over 200 deep tech companies cumulatively valued at over ₹50,000 crore including those in space and aviation; the C-CAMP, which has in its portfolio seven deep biotech startups that have raised more than ₹550 crores; and the National Chemical Laboratory’s Venture Centre support to file and commercialise high-quality patents, are some of the evidence of how science in public-funded institutions can reach citizens and consumers, through startups.

The authors’ conversations with technology leaders in academia and industry have shown that faculty members find it easier to spin out their discoveries through startups founded by themselves or their alumni, instead of licensing or patent re-assignments. This evolution provides a unique opportunity for leveraging our deep historical investments in S&T in its public labs and institutions.

In a way, it can be said that deep tech startups are the main route through which India is taking technology risks, a crucial element of any country’s process to build new capabilities. Traditional risk-taking sectors such as government departments and legacy corporates seem frozen in comparison, perhaps due to the intense scrutiny of risky initiatives by their respective stakeholders, voters and public markets investors. Many mission-driven programs of the government have not yielded the expected innovation results, other than a few bright spots in sectors such as space and defence. India’s industrial investment in research and development (R&D) is also lamentably low in most sectors other than pharma.

The industry has mostly preferred investing in deep-tech startups and buying successful scaled technologies. This observation is corroborated by the number of deep tech startups being acquired by Indian legacy corporates, such as the Tatas buying Saankhya and Tejas Networks, Reliance acquiring Faradion and Hero Motors buying equity in Ather Motors etc.

Q. According to the passage, what has been a significant impact of the Indian Startup Boom in recent years?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 9

The passage highlights that the Great Indian Startup Boom, driven by young entrepreneurs and supported by the government's Startup India movement, has not been limited to metropolitan cities. Instead, it has successfully ignited entrepreneurship in suburban and rural regions as well. This boom has led to the emergence of over one lakh startups recognized by the government, with about half of them originating from Tier 2 and Tier 3 cities. This surge in entrepreneurship has given India's youth a sense of agency and freedom to shape their own destinies. Therefore, option C accurately reflects the passage's emphasis on the widespread impact of the startup movement.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 10

Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below.

The Great Indian Startup Boom of the last decade, led by young entrepreneurs and catalysed by the government’s Startup India movement, created an environment of entrepreneurship in India. The Startup movement is not limited to metro cities, but has successfully captured the imagination of suburban and rural entrepreneurs. Today, there are more than one lakh startups recognised by the government, with about half of them coming from Tier 2 and Tier 3 cities. It has created a sense of agency among India’s youth, and a sense of freedom of being able to determine their own destiny.

The Startup movement is moving beyond the consumer Internet and e-commerce to genuine deep technology areas, such as space and remote sensing, artificial intelligence and robotics, biotech and pharma, electric vehicles, drones, defence, telecommunications, semiconductors, and many more. These real sectors go beyond digital marketplaces, seller discovery, and exchange of information, and impact many more sectors of the economy, which will bring deeper industrialisation in newer areas and more jobs. Deep tech entrepreneurship is also creating new avenues for science and technology (S&T) discoveries in the public sector labs to reach the market.

The successes at IIT Madras’s Research Park, which has incubated over 200 deep tech companies cumulatively valued at over ₹50,000 crore including those in space and aviation; the C-CAMP, which has in its portfolio seven deep biotech startups that have raised more than ₹550 crores; and the National Chemical Laboratory’s Venture Centre support to file and commercialise high-quality patents, are some of the evidence of how science in public-funded institutions can reach citizens and consumers, through startups.

The authors’ conversations with technology leaders in academia and industry have shown that faculty members find it easier to spin out their discoveries through startups founded by themselves or their alumni, instead of licensing or patent re-assignments. This evolution provides a unique opportunity for leveraging our deep historical investments in S&T in its public labs and institutions.

In a way, it can be said that deep tech startups are the main route through which India is taking technology risks, a crucial element of any country’s process to build new capabilities. Traditional risk-taking sectors such as government departments and legacy corporates seem frozen in comparison, perhaps due to the intense scrutiny of risky initiatives by their respective stakeholders, voters and public markets investors. Many mission-driven programs of the government have not yielded the expected innovation results, other than a few bright spots in sectors such as space and defence. India’s industrial investment in research and development (R&D) is also lamentably low in most sectors other than pharma.

The industry has mostly preferred investing in deep-tech startups and buying successful scaled technologies. This observation is corroborated by the number of deep tech startups being acquired by Indian legacy corporates, such as the Tatas buying Saankhya and Tejas Networks, Reliance acquiring Faradion and Hero Motors buying equity in Ather Motors etc.

Q. What areas of technology are deep tech startups in India venturing into, as mentioned in the passage?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 10

The passage mentions that the Indian Startup movement is evolving beyond consumer Internet and e-commerce and expanding into genuine deep technology sectors. It lists several of these areas, including space and remote sensing, artificial intelligence and robotics, biotech and pharma, electric vehicles, drones, defense, telecommunications, semiconductors, and more. Option B correctly identifies the mentioned deep tech areas in the passage.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 11

Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below.

Today, Mechanicus’s diary is one of more than 2,100 in an Amsterdam collection held at the NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies, housed in the underground archives of a grand, doublewide mansion on the Golden Bend of the Herengracht Canal. The NIOD collection didn’t come together by accident. It was part of a concerted effort to collect, preserve and potentially publish the personal correspondence of ordinary citizens living through the occupation.

The idea to do so was hatched simultaneously by Loe de Jong, a Dutch Jewish journalist in exile in London, who worked for Radio Oranje, the broadcast station for the government in exile, and a group of local Dutch scholars led by the economics and social history professor, Nicolaas Wilhelmus Posthumus, who had already established a few archives of social movements.

More than a year before the war ended, De Jong had convinced the exiled Dutch Cabinet to establish a study centre of the occupation; it would open its doors as soon as the war ended. On 28 March 1944, Gerrit Bolkestein, the Dutch minister of education, arts and sciences, addressed the nation on Radio Oranje, in a speech that De Jong had written for him.

‘History cannot be written on the basis of official decisions and documents alone,’ said Bolkestein to his countrymen back home. ‘If our descendants are to understand fully what we as a nation have had to endure and overcome during these years, then what we really need are ordinary documents – a diary, letters.’

It was a relatively new notion that personal documents could illuminate history. Scholars of the early 20th century, above all, valued ‘objectivism’, a concept developed by the 19th-century German historian Leopold von Ranke, who sought to turn ‘historiography’ into a scientific discipline; this required ridding it of its moral dimension. Ranke argued that facts were central to objective history-writing and, to maintain a scholarly distance from facts, historians should eliminate personal bias and take a neutral attitude. But, between the two world wars, this notion of ‘objectivism’ was already losing its grip. Official documents kept by the Germans as part of their notoriously meticulous record-keeping project, for instance, were naturally subjective in their advancement of Nazi aims.

A more accurate way to differentiate between subjective and objective documentation would be through the prism of power. Sources considered ‘objective’ were typically associated with the dominant power elite; documents like diaries and letters, oral histories and first-hand witness accounts, by contrast, were often deemed suspect because they were tainted by experience.

Q. Which of the following statements tangentially supports the idea that private records like letters and diaries can shed light on historical events?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 11

Option C obliquely supports the idea that private records like letters and diaries might reveal important details about historical occurrences. The passage makes reference to the idea of "objectivism" beginning to lose ground between the two world wars, signaling a change toward an appreciation of the value of firsthand accounts and historical records. Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 12

Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below.

Today, Mechanicus’s diary is one of more than 2,100 in an Amsterdam collection held at the NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies, housed in the underground archives of a grand, doublewide mansion on the Golden Bend of the Herengracht Canal. The NIOD collection didn’t come together by accident. It was part of a concerted effort to collect, preserve and potentially publish the personal correspondence of ordinary citizens living through the occupation.

The idea to do so was hatched simultaneously by Loe de Jong, a Dutch Jewish journalist in exile in London, who worked for Radio Oranje, the broadcast station for the government in exile, and a group of local Dutch scholars led by the economics and social history professor, Nicolaas Wilhelmus Posthumus, who had already established a few archives of social movements.

More than a year before the war ended, De Jong had convinced the exiled Dutch Cabinet to establish a study centre of the occupation; it would open its doors as soon as the war ended. On 28 March 1944, Gerrit Bolkestein, the Dutch minister of education, arts and sciences, addressed the nation on Radio Oranje, in a speech that De Jong had written for him.

‘History cannot be written on the basis of official decisions and documents alone,’ said Bolkestein to his countrymen back home. ‘If our descendants are to understand fully what we as a nation have had to endure and overcome during these years, then what we really need are ordinary documents – a diary, letters.’

It was a relatively new notion that personal documents could illuminate history. Scholars of the early 20th century, above all, valued ‘objectivism’, a concept developed by the 19th-century German historian Leopold von Ranke, who sought to turn ‘historiography’ into a scientific discipline; this required ridding it of its moral dimension. Ranke argued that facts were central to objective history-writing and, to maintain a scholarly distance from facts, historians should eliminate personal bias and take a neutral attitude. But, between the two world wars, this notion of ‘objectivism’ was already losing its grip. Official documents kept by the Germans as part of their notoriously meticulous record-keeping project, for instance, were naturally subjective in their advancement of Nazi aims.

A more accurate way to differentiate between subjective and objective documentation would be through the prism of power. Sources considered ‘objective’ were typically associated with the dominant power elite; documents like diaries and letters, oral histories and first-hand witness accounts, by contrast, were often deemed suspect because they were tainted by experience.

Q. What historical idea did German historian Leopold von Ranke create, and what was its main objective?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 12

The idea of "objectivism" in historical writing was created in the 19th century by Leopold von Ranke. Its fundamental objective was to maintain objectivity and exclude any personal prejudice from historical reports. Hence, Option A is the correct answer.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 13

Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below.

Today, Mechanicus’s diary is one of more than 2,100 in an Amsterdam collection held at the NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies, housed in the underground archives of a grand, doublewide mansion on the Golden Bend of the Herengracht Canal. The NIOD collection didn’t come together by accident. It was part of a concerted effort to collect, preserve and potentially publish the personal correspondence of ordinary citizens living through the occupation.

The idea to do so was hatched simultaneously by Loe de Jong, a Dutch Jewish journalist in exile in London, who worked for Radio Oranje, the broadcast station for the government in exile, and a group of local Dutch scholars led by the economics and social history professor, Nicolaas Wilhelmus Posthumus, who had already established a few archives of social movements.

More than a year before the war ended, De Jong had convinced the exiled Dutch Cabinet to establish a study centre of the occupation; it would open its doors as soon as the war ended. On 28 March 1944, Gerrit Bolkestein, the Dutch minister of education, arts and sciences, addressed the nation on Radio Oranje, in a speech that De Jong had written for him.

‘History cannot be written on the basis of official decisions and documents alone,’ said Bolkestein to his countrymen back home. ‘If our descendants are to understand fully what we as a nation have had to endure and overcome during these years, then what we really need are ordinary documents – a diary, letters.’

It was a relatively new notion that personal documents could illuminate history. Scholars of the early 20th century, above all, valued ‘objectivism’, a concept developed by the 19th-century German historian Leopold von Ranke, who sought to turn ‘historiography’ into a scientific discipline; this required ridding it of its moral dimension. Ranke argued that facts were central to objective history-writing and, to maintain a scholarly distance from facts, historians should eliminate personal bias and take a neutral attitude. But, between the two world wars, this notion of ‘objectivism’ was already losing its grip. Official documents kept by the Germans as part of their notoriously meticulous record-keeping project, for instance, were naturally subjective in their advancement of Nazi aims.

A more accurate way to differentiate between subjective and objective documentation would be through the prism of power. Sources considered ‘objective’ were typically associated with the dominant power elite; documents like diaries and letters, oral histories and first-hand witness accounts, by contrast, were often deemed suspect because they were tainted by experience.

Q. What is the primary purpose of the NIOD Institute's collection of personal correspondence mentioned in the passage?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 13

The passage discusses the collection of personal diaries and letters in Amsterdam's NIOD Institute, particularly those written by ordinary citizens living through the wartime occupation. It highlights that this collection was not created by accident but was part of a deliberate effort to collect and preserve personal correspondence. The goal was to document the personal experiences of everyday people during the occupation. Therefore, option C accurately reflects the primary purpose of the NIOD Institute's collection.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 14

Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below.

Today, Mechanicus’s diary is one of more than 2,100 in an Amsterdam collection held at the NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies, housed in the underground archives of a grand, doublewide mansion on the Golden Bend of the Herengracht Canal. The NIOD collection didn’t come together by accident. It was part of a concerted effort to collect, preserve and potentially publish the personal correspondence of ordinary citizens living through the occupation.

The idea to do so was hatched simultaneously by Loe de Jong, a Dutch Jewish journalist in exile in London, who worked for Radio Oranje, the broadcast station for the government in exile, and a group of local Dutch scholars led by the economics and social history professor, Nicolaas Wilhelmus Posthumus, who had already established a few archives of social movements.

More than a year before the war ended, De Jong had convinced the exiled Dutch Cabinet to establish a study centre of the occupation; it would open its doors as soon as the war ended. On 28 March 1944, Gerrit Bolkestein, the Dutch minister of education, arts and sciences, addressed the nation on Radio Oranje, in a speech that De Jong had written for him.

‘History cannot be written on the basis of official decisions and documents alone,’ said Bolkestein to his countrymen back home. ‘If our descendants are to understand fully what we as a nation have had to endure and overcome during these years, then what we really need are ordinary documents – a diary, letters.’

It was a relatively new notion that personal documents could illuminate history. Scholars of the early 20th century, above all, valued ‘objectivism’, a concept developed by the 19th-century German historian Leopold von Ranke, who sought to turn ‘historiography’ into a scientific discipline; this required ridding it of its moral dimension. Ranke argued that facts were central to objective history-writing and, to maintain a scholarly distance from facts, historians should eliminate personal bias and take a neutral attitude. But, between the two world wars, this notion of ‘objectivism’ was already losing its grip. Official documents kept by the Germans as part of their notoriously meticulous record-keeping project, for instance, were naturally subjective in their advancement of Nazi aims.

A more accurate way to differentiate between subjective and objective documentation would be through the prism of power. Sources considered ‘objective’ were typically associated with the dominant power elite; documents like diaries and letters, oral histories and first-hand witness accounts, by contrast, were often deemed suspect because they were tainted by experience.

Q. Who was responsible for the idea of collecting and preserving personal documents like diaries and letters during the wartime occupation?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 14

The passage mentions that the idea of collecting and preserving personal documents during the wartime occupation was simultaneously conceived by Loe de Jong, a Dutch Jewish journalist in exile in London, and a group of local Dutch scholars led by Nicolaas Wilhelmus Posthumus. De Jong played a significant role in convincing the Dutch Cabinet to establish a study center for the occupation, emphasizing the importance of collecting personal documents like diaries and letters to understand the nation's wartime experiences. Therefore, option A correctly attributes this idea to Loe de Jong.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 15

Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below.

Today, Mechanicus’s diary is one of more than 2,100 in an Amsterdam collection held at the NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies, housed in the underground archives of a grand, doublewide mansion on the Golden Bend of the Herengracht Canal. The NIOD collection didn’t come together by accident. It was part of a concerted effort to collect, preserve and potentially publish the personal correspondence of ordinary citizens living through the occupation.

The idea to do so was hatched simultaneously by Loe de Jong, a Dutch Jewish journalist in exile in London, who worked for Radio Oranje, the broadcast station for the government in exile, and a group of local Dutch scholars led by the economics and social history professor, Nicolaas Wilhelmus Posthumus, who had already established a few archives of social movements.

More than a year before the war ended, De Jong had convinced the exiled Dutch Cabinet to establish a study centre of the occupation; it would open its doors as soon as the war ended. On 28 March 1944, Gerrit Bolkestein, the Dutch minister of education, arts and sciences, addressed the nation on Radio Oranje, in a speech that De Jong had written for him.

‘History cannot be written on the basis of official decisions and documents alone,’ said Bolkestein to his countrymen back home. ‘If our descendants are to understand fully what we as a nation have had to endure and overcome during these years, then what we really need are ordinary documents – a diary, letters.’

It was a relatively new notion that personal documents could illuminate history. Scholars of the early 20th century, above all, valued ‘objectivism’, a concept developed by the 19th-century German historian Leopold von Ranke, who sought to turn ‘historiography’ into a scientific discipline; this required ridding it of its moral dimension. Ranke argued that facts were central to objective history-writing and, to maintain a scholarly distance from facts, historians should eliminate personal bias and take a neutral attitude. But, between the two world wars, this notion of ‘objectivism’ was already losing its grip. Official documents kept by the Germans as part of their notoriously meticulous record-keeping project, for instance, were naturally subjective in their advancement of Nazi aims.

A more accurate way to differentiate between subjective and objective documentation would be through the prism of power. Sources considered ‘objective’ were typically associated with the dominant power elite; documents like diaries and letters, oral histories and first-hand witness accounts, by contrast, were often deemed suspect because they were tainted by experience.

Q. Who were the important players in the founding of the NIOD collection in Amsterdam and what was the main driving force behind its establishment?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 15

According to the text, the NIOD collection was a part of a coordinated effort to gather, preserve, and maybe publish the private papers of common people who had to deal with the occupation. A group of local Dutch experts led by professor of economics and social history Nicolaas Wilhelmus Posthumus and Jewish journalist Loe de Jong had this concept at the same time.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 16

How much funding has been sanctioned under the AIF as of November 25, 2024?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 16

₹51,451 crore has been sanctioned under the AIF.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 17

What percentage of loans have been sanctioned by scheduled commercial banks under the AIF?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 17

Scheduled commercial banks have sanctioned 94.22% of loans under the AIF.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 18

Who launched the TeacherApp in New Delhi?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 18

The TeacherApp was launched by the Bharti Airtel Foundation.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 19

What is the primary goal of the TeacherApp?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 19

The TeacherApp aims to enhance teachers' skills and provide professional development resources.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 20

 The TeacherApp aligns with which national policy?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 20

The TeacherApp aligns with the National Education Policy 2020.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 21

How many hours of content does the TeacherApp offer?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 21

The TeacherApp offers over 260 hours of content.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 22

What additional resources are included in the Teaching Kits section of the app?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 22

The Teaching Kits section includes 900 hours of content, lesson plans, and project-based activities.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 23

Which organization does Norway belong to as part of the discussed free trade agreement with India?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 23

Norway is part of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA).

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 24

What is the name of the agreement signed between India and EFTA?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 24

The agreement is called the Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA).

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 25

What was Commerce Secretary Sunil Barthwal’s primary goal during his visit to Norway?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 25

Barthwal aimed to discuss TEPA’s implementation and enhance trade relations.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 26

What was the proposed investment plan discussed during the visit?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 26

Barthwal advocated for an investment plan worth $100 billion.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 27

How much seafood does India export annually in terms of value?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 27

India exports $7.3 billion worth of seafood annually.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 28

Who launched India’s first AI data bank?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 28

Jitendra Singh, the Minister of Science and Technology, launched the initiative.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 29

At which event was the AI data bank introduced?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 29

The AI data bank was launched at the 7th ASSOCHAM AI Leadership Meet 2024.

Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 30

What was the theme of the 7th ASSOCHAM AI Leadership Meet 2024?

Detailed Solution for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 - Question 30

The event focused on “AI for India – Advancing India’s AI Development – Innovation, Ethics, and Governance.”

View more questions
1 videos|10 docs|63 tests
Information about Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 Page
In this test you can find the Exam questions for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14 solved & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving Questions and answers for Test: CLAT Mock Test - 14, EduRev gives you an ample number of Online tests for practice
1 videos|10 docs|63 tests
Download as PDF