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 Acids, Bases and Salts 34 Flashcards |
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What defines an acid in terms of pH and ion concentration? |
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An acid is defined as a chemical compound with a pH value less than 7, indicating a higher concentration of hydrogen ions (H⁺) than hydroxide ions (OH⁻). |
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Strong acids completely dissociate in water. True or False? |
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True. Strong acids, like HCl and H₂SO₄, dissociate completely or almost completely in water. |
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Fill in the blank: Bases are characterized by a pH value that is ___ than 7
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Greater |
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What happens when an acid reacts with a metal? |
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When an acid reacts with a metal, it undergoes a displacement reaction, producing a salt and releasing hydrogen gas. |
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Identify the product formed when zinc reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid. |
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Zinc chloride (ZnCl₂) and hydrogen gas (H₂) are formed. |
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What is the general reaction when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate? |
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The reaction produces a salt, carbon dioxide (CO₂), and water (H₂O). |
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Fill in the blank: The neutralization reaction between an acid and a base produces ___ and ___. |
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Salt and water  |
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What distinguishes strong bases from weak bases? |
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Strong bases completely ionize in water, producing a large number of hydroxide ions, while weak bases partially ionize. |
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True or False: All metals react with bases to form salts. |
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False. Not all metals react with bases; only more reactive metals can do so. |
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Short answer: What role do indicators play in identifying acids and bases? |
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Indicators change color in the presence of acids or bases, allowing for their identification without tasting. |
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Fill in the blank: The pH scale ranges from ___ to ___. |
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0 to 14  |
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What happens when CO₂ is passed through lime water? |
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Lime water turns milky due to the formation of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃). |
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How does the pH of a solution indicate its acidity or basicity? |
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A pH less than 7 indicates an acidic solution, a pH of 7 indicates neutrality, and a pH greater than 7 indicates a basic solution. |
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Fill in the blank: Salts formed from strong acids and strong bases have a pH of approximately ___. |
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7  |
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What is the chemical formula of Plaster of Paris? |
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The chemical formula of Plaster of Paris is CaSO₄·½ H₂O. |
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True or False: All acids taste sour. |
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True. Acids are characterized by a sour taste. |
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What is the primary use of bleaching powder? |
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Bleaching powder is primarily used as a bleaching agent in the textile industry and as a disinfectant. |
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