Light is a form of electromagnetic energy that causes the sensation of ___ and can travel without a ___ .

Vision; medium

True or False: The speed of light is maximum in water.

False; The speed of light is maximum in a vacuum.

What phenomenon occurs when light bounces off a surface and changes direction?

Reflection of light

True or False: The focal length (f) of a spherical mirror is equal to the radius of curvature (R).

False. The relationship is f = R/2.

When an object is placed beyond the center of curvature in a concave mirror, the nature of the image formed is ___ and ___ in size.

Real and diminished

What type of image is formed by a convex mirror when an object is placed between the pole and infinity?

A virtual and erect image that is diminished in size.

Fill in the blank: Convex mirrors are commonly used as ___ in vehicles because they provide a wider field of view.

Rear view mirrors

Refraction occurs when light passes from one medium to another due to a change in ___.

Velocity

Fill in the blank: The distance between the optical center of a lens and the point where the parallel beam of light converges is known as the ___.

Focal length

When an object is placed between infinity and 2F, the image formed by a convex lens is ___, ___, and ___ in size.

Real, inverted, diminished

If an object is placed exactly at 2F, the image formed is ___ and has a magnification of ___, meaning the size is ___ to the object.

Real, -1, equal