What were the primary economic activities of tribal groups in India?

Tribal groups had diverse economies.

• They practiced shifting cultivation.

• Hunting and gathering were common.

• Animal herding supported livelihoods.

Fill in the blank: Birsa Munda aimed to establish ___ for his people.

Munda Raj

True or False: The British colonial rule successfully converted all tribal groups to settled agriculture.

False. Many tribal groups continued their traditional practices, such as shifting cultivation, despite British attempts to impose settled agriculture.

What impact did British forest laws have on tribal communities?

British forest laws harmed tribes.

• Restricted forest access.

• Declared forests state property.

• Prohibited traditional practices.

Riddle: I am often seen in the forests, I provide food and shelter, but I lost my home due to new laws. What am I?

Tribal communities

What was the significance of the Santhal uprising of 1855-57?

Santhal Uprising Significance Explained

• Widespread tribal revolt occurred.

• Highlighted tribal grievances clearly.

• Opposition to exploitation by traders.

Fill in the blank: The Khonds community was primarily based in ___ and relied on hunting and gathering.

Orissa

List two major causes of tribal revolts against British rule.

The introduction of a new land settlement system and the exploitation by landlords and moneylenders were major causes of tribal revolts.

Multiple Choice: What did Birsa Munda advocate for among the Mundas? A) Industrialization B) Traditional customs C) Urban migration D) Trade with outsiders

B) Traditional customs

True or False: The Khasis revolted against the British due to the construction of a road through their territory.

True

What role did traders and moneylenders play in the lives of tribal people?

Traders exploited tribal people financially.

• Charged high prices for goods.

• Imposed high interest on loans.

• Contributed to debt and poverty.

Fill in the blank: The movement led by Birsa Munda aimed to counteract the influence of ___ and restore tribal rights.

Dikus

Describe the lifestyle of jhum cultivators in tribal societies.

Jhum cultivators clear forest patches.

• Shifting cultivation method used.

• Dependent on forest resources.

• Promotes biodiversity in landscapes.

Riddle: I am a group of people sharing common ties of kinship, often living in harmony with nature, but my way of life is threatened by outsiders. Who am I?

A tribal community

What was the reaction of tribal communities towards colonial forest laws?

Tribal communities resisted colonial forest laws.

• Defiance of imposed restrictions.

• Preservation of traditional practices.

• Rebellions highlighted cultural resistance.