Judicial activism primarily aims to ___ and ___ citizens' rights.

Safeguard and advance

True or False: Judicial activism and judicial review are synonymous terms.

False. Judicial activism is a form of judicial review but involves influencing policy outcomes, while judicial review strictly interprets laws.

Fill in the blank: Public Interest Litigation (PIL) allows ___ to approach the judiciary for justice even if they are not directly affected.

More people

Explain the significance of Article 32 in the context of judicial activism in India.

Article 32 empowers judicial activism.

• Enforces Fundamental Rights directly.

• Encourages citizen engagement in justice.

• Strengthens checks on state power.

What are the two main aspects of judicial activism in the Indian Judiciary?

Directive issuance to government bodies to protect citizens' rights and broad interpretation of fundamental rights.

True or False: Judicial restraint advocates that judges should actively shape legislation.

False. Judicial restraint emphasizes that judges should interpret laws without creating new legislation.

Fill in the blank: The concept of judicial activism in India began to take shape during the ___ decade.

1970s

What role does the judiciary play in relation to governmental collapse according to judicial activism?

Judiciary protects rights during government failure.

• Judicial intervention is crucial.

• Ensures constitutional adherence.

• Safeguards citizens' fundamental rights.

How does judicial activism differ from judicial review in terms of their impact on policy?

Judicial activism adapts laws significantly.

• Judicial activism shapes policy outcomes.

• It responds to societal changes effectively.

• Judicial review ensures laws' constitutionality.

Fill in the blank: The Supreme Court's judgment in December 2007 emphasized the need for ___ within the roles of the state branches.

Judicial restraint

True or False: PILs can be filed against private parties in India.

False. PILs can only be filed against state or government bodies.

What is the primary purpose of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in India?

To provide access to justice for marginalized individuals who cannot approach the court for redress.

Explain the significance of the Ninth Schedule in relation to judicial review.

Ninth Schedule protects certain laws.

• Prevents judicial interference in laws.

• Safeguards legislative intent effectively.

• Limits review to basic structure violations.

Fill in the blank: The Supreme Court has increasingly allowed for the expansion of ___ through innovative judicial measures.

Public Interest Litigation

What are some concerns associated with judicial activism as noted by legal experts?

Judicial activism raises several concerns.

• Ideological overreach affects rulings.

• Expertise gaps can lead to errors.

• Case backlogs undermine judicial trust.