PPT: Environmental Laws | Environmental Engineering - Civil Engineering (CE) PDF Download

 Page 1


Environmental Laws
Dr. Geetanjali Kaushik
AIES
Page 2


Environmental Laws
Dr. Geetanjali Kaushik
AIES
ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS
•
Following is a list of major Environmental Acts and Rules 
applicable in India.
•
The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1974 (as 
amended upto 1998).
•
The Water (Prevention &control of Pollution) cess Act, 1977 (as 
amended by Amendment Act 1991).
•
The Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1981 as 
amended by Amendment Act 1986
•
Environment (Protection) Act 1986.
•
Hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rules 1989.
•
The Public Liability Insurance Act 1991.
•
Environment Protection Amendment Rule 1983.
•
Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals 
(Amendment) Rules 1984.
•
The Factories Act 1984.
•
The Forest Conservation Act 1980.
•
The Notification on Environment Impact Assessment 1994.
Page 3


Environmental Laws
Dr. Geetanjali Kaushik
AIES
ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS
•
Following is a list of major Environmental Acts and Rules 
applicable in India.
•
The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1974 (as 
amended upto 1998).
•
The Water (Prevention &control of Pollution) cess Act, 1977 (as 
amended by Amendment Act 1991).
•
The Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1981 as 
amended by Amendment Act 1986
•
Environment (Protection) Act 1986.
•
Hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rules 1989.
•
The Public Liability Insurance Act 1991.
•
Environment Protection Amendment Rule 1983.
•
Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals 
(Amendment) Rules 1984.
•
The Factories Act 1984.
•
The Forest Conservation Act 1980.
•
The Notification on Environment Impact Assessment 1994.
•
The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 not only has 
important constitutional  implications but also an 
international background. The spirit of the 
proclamation adopted by the United Nations 
Conference on Human Environment, held in 
Stockholm in June 1972, was implemented by the 
Government of India by creating this Act.
•
Although there were several existing laws that dealt 
directly or indirectly with environmental issues it was 
necessary to have a general legislation for 
environmental protection because the existing laws 
focused on very specific types of pollution, or specific 
categories of hazardous substances, or were indirectly 
related to the environment through laws that control 
land use, protect our national parks and sanctuaries 
and our wildlife. 
Page 4


Environmental Laws
Dr. Geetanjali Kaushik
AIES
ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS
•
Following is a list of major Environmental Acts and Rules 
applicable in India.
•
The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1974 (as 
amended upto 1998).
•
The Water (Prevention &control of Pollution) cess Act, 1977 (as 
amended by Amendment Act 1991).
•
The Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1981 as 
amended by Amendment Act 1986
•
Environment (Protection) Act 1986.
•
Hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rules 1989.
•
The Public Liability Insurance Act 1991.
•
Environment Protection Amendment Rule 1983.
•
Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals 
(Amendment) Rules 1984.
•
The Factories Act 1984.
•
The Forest Conservation Act 1980.
•
The Notification on Environment Impact Assessment 1994.
•
The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 not only has 
important constitutional  implications but also an 
international background. The spirit of the 
proclamation adopted by the United Nations 
Conference on Human Environment, held in 
Stockholm in June 1972, was implemented by the 
Government of India by creating this Act.
•
Although there were several existing laws that dealt 
directly or indirectly with environmental issues it was 
necessary to have a general legislation for 
environmental protection because the existing laws 
focused on very specific types of pollution, or specific 
categories of hazardous substances, or were indirectly 
related to the environment through laws that control 
land use, protect our national parks and sanctuaries 
and our wildlife. 
•
However, there was no overarching legislation and 
certain areas of environmental hazards were not 
covered. There were also gaps in areas that were 
potential environmental hazards and there were 
essentially related to the multiplicity of regulatory 
agencies. 
•
Thus, there was a need for an authority to study, 
plan and implement the long-term requirements of 
environmental safety, and direct and coordinate a 
system of appropriate response to emergencies 
threatening the environment,
Page 5


Environmental Laws
Dr. Geetanjali Kaushik
AIES
ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS
•
Following is a list of major Environmental Acts and Rules 
applicable in India.
•
The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1974 (as 
amended upto 1998).
•
The Water (Prevention &control of Pollution) cess Act, 1977 (as 
amended by Amendment Act 1991).
•
The Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1981 as 
amended by Amendment Act 1986
•
Environment (Protection) Act 1986.
•
Hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rules 1989.
•
The Public Liability Insurance Act 1991.
•
Environment Protection Amendment Rule 1983.
•
Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals 
(Amendment) Rules 1984.
•
The Factories Act 1984.
•
The Forest Conservation Act 1980.
•
The Notification on Environment Impact Assessment 1994.
•
The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 not only has 
important constitutional  implications but also an 
international background. The spirit of the 
proclamation adopted by the United Nations 
Conference on Human Environment, held in 
Stockholm in June 1972, was implemented by the 
Government of India by creating this Act.
•
Although there were several existing laws that dealt 
directly or indirectly with environmental issues it was 
necessary to have a general legislation for 
environmental protection because the existing laws 
focused on very specific types of pollution, or specific 
categories of hazardous substances, or were indirectly 
related to the environment through laws that control 
land use, protect our national parks and sanctuaries 
and our wildlife. 
•
However, there was no overarching legislation and 
certain areas of environmental hazards were not 
covered. There were also gaps in areas that were 
potential environmental hazards and there were 
essentially related to the multiplicity of regulatory 
agencies. 
•
Thus, there was a need for an authority to study, 
plan and implement the long-term requirements of 
environmental safety, and direct and coordinate a 
system of appropriate response to emergencies 
threatening the environment,
•
This Act was thus passed to protect the 
environment, as there was a growing concern 
over the deteriorating state of the environment.
•
As impacts grew considerably environmental 
protection became a national priority in the 
1970s. 
•
While the wider  general legislation to protect our 
environment is now in place, it has become 
increasingly evident that our environmental 
situation continues to deteriorate. 
•
We need to implement this Act much more 
aggressively if our environment is to be 
protected.