PPT: Soil- 1 | Geography for UPSC CSE PDF Download

 Page 1


Indian Soil
Page 2


Indian Soil
Factors that 
influence soil 
formation in 
Indian 
Conditions
Page 3


Indian Soil
Factors that 
influence soil 
formation in 
Indian 
Conditions
Page 4


Indian Soil
Factors that 
influence soil 
formation in 
Indian 
Conditions
Parent 
Material
? The rocks from which soils are formed are called parent 
materials.
? In most of the cases, the parent material determines 
the colouration, mineral composition and texture of the 
soil.
? In some cases, the soil formed may or may not have the 
same physical properties of the parent rock.
? Climatic factors induce chemical changes which also affect 
physical properties of the soil.
? The surface rocks are exposed to the process of weathering. 
In this process, the rocks are converted into fine grains and 
provide a base for the soil formation.
Page 5


Indian Soil
Factors that 
influence soil 
formation in 
Indian 
Conditions
Parent 
Material
? The rocks from which soils are formed are called parent 
materials.
? In most of the cases, the parent material determines 
the colouration, mineral composition and texture of the 
soil.
? In some cases, the soil formed may or may not have the 
same physical properties of the parent rock.
? Climatic factors induce chemical changes which also affect 
physical properties of the soil.
? The surface rocks are exposed to the process of weathering. 
In this process, the rocks are converted into fine grains and 
provide a base for the soil formation.
Parent 
material is 
generally 
categorized 
into:
?Ancient crystalline and metamorphic rocks
?Cuddapah and Vindhyan rocks
?Gondwana rocks
?Deccan basalts
?Tertiary and Mesozoic sedimentary rocks 
of extra peninsular India {Rock System}