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Rivers(Some additional Info)
Page 2


Rivers(Some additional Info)
Mahanadi
River
Source: Danadkarnya
Left bank: Sheonath, Hasdo and Mand
Right bank: Tel, Jonk, Ong  Hirakund dam
Olive Ridley T urtles: Gahirmatha beach, Orissa: Nesting turtles  River 
flows through the states of Chhattisgarh and Odisha.
River Ends in Bay of Bengal
Page 3


Rivers(Some additional Info)
Mahanadi
River
Source: Danadkarnya
Left bank: Sheonath, Hasdo and Mand
Right bank: Tel, Jonk, Ong  Hirakund dam
Olive Ridley T urtles: Gahirmatha beach, Orissa: Nesting turtles  River 
flows through the states of Chhattisgarh and Odisha.
River Ends in Bay of Bengal
Mahanadi
River
Page 4


Rivers(Some additional Info)
Mahanadi
River
Source: Danadkarnya
Left bank: Sheonath, Hasdo and Mand
Right bank: Tel, Jonk, Ong  Hirakund dam
Olive Ridley T urtles: Gahirmatha beach, Orissa: Nesting turtles  River 
flows through the states of Chhattisgarh and Odisha.
River Ends in Bay of Bengal
Mahanadi
River
Mahanadi
River
• The Mahanadi basin extends over states of Chhattisgarh and Odisha and
comparatively smaller portions of Jharkhand, Maharashtra and Madhya
Pradesh, draining an area of 1.4 lakh Sq.km.
• It is bounded by the Central India hills on the north, by the Eastern Ghats 
on the south and east and by the Maikala range on the west.
• The Mahanadi (“Great River”) follows a total course of 560 miles (900  
km).
• It has its source in the northern foothills of Dandakaranya in Raipur  
District of Chhattisgarh at an elevation of 442 m.
• The Mahanadi is one of the major rivers of the peninsular rivers, in water 
potential and flood producing capacity, it ranks second to the Godavari.
Page 5


Rivers(Some additional Info)
Mahanadi
River
Source: Danadkarnya
Left bank: Sheonath, Hasdo and Mand
Right bank: Tel, Jonk, Ong  Hirakund dam
Olive Ridley T urtles: Gahirmatha beach, Orissa: Nesting turtles  River 
flows through the states of Chhattisgarh and Odisha.
River Ends in Bay of Bengal
Mahanadi
River
Mahanadi
River
• The Mahanadi basin extends over states of Chhattisgarh and Odisha and
comparatively smaller portions of Jharkhand, Maharashtra and Madhya
Pradesh, draining an area of 1.4 lakh Sq.km.
• It is bounded by the Central India hills on the north, by the Eastern Ghats 
on the south and east and by the Maikala range on the west.
• The Mahanadi (“Great River”) follows a total course of 560 miles (900  
km).
• It has its source in the northern foothills of Dandakaranya in Raipur  
District of Chhattisgarh at an elevation of 442 m.
• The Mahanadi is one of the major rivers of the peninsular rivers, in water 
potential and flood producing capacity, it ranks second to the Godavari.
Mahanadi
River
• Other small streams between the Mahanadi and the Rushikulya 
draining directly into the Chilka Lake also forms the part of the basin.
• After receiving the Seonath River, it turns east and enters Odisha state.
• At Sambalpur the Hirakud Dam (one of the largest dams in India) on  
the river has formed a man-made lake 35 miles (55 km) long.
• It enters the Odisha plains near Cuttack and enters the Bay of Bengal at  
False Point by several channels.
• Puri, at one of its mouths, is a famous pilgrimage site.
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FAQs on PPT: Rivers Additional - Crash Course for UPSC Aspirants

1. What are the major rivers in India?
Ans. India is known for its vast network of rivers. Some of the major rivers in India include the Ganges, Brahmaputra, Yamuna, Godavari, Krishna, Narmada, and Tapti.
2. How do rivers contribute to the economy of a country?
Ans. Rivers play a significant role in the economy of a country. They provide water for irrigation, which supports agriculture and food production. Rivers also act as a transportation network, facilitating the movement of goods and people. Additionally, rivers can be a source of hydropower, contributing to the energy sector.
3. What is river pollution and its effects?
Ans. River pollution refers to the contamination of rivers with harmful substances, such as industrial waste, sewage, and chemicals. The effects of river pollution are detrimental to both the environment and human health. It can lead to the death of aquatic life, the spread of waterborne diseases, and the degradation of ecosystems dependent on rivers.
4. How are rivers formed?
Ans. Rivers are formed through various processes. The primary source of a river is often rainwater or melting snow, which collects and forms small streams. These streams then join together, creating a larger flow of water known as a river. Rivers can also be formed by groundwater seepage or through the melting of glaciers.
5. What are the different stages of a river?
Ans. A river typically goes through several stages, including the youthful stage, mature stage, and old age stage. In the youthful stage, the river is characterized by a steep gradient, fast-flowing water, and the formation of V-shaped valleys. As the river progresses to the mature stage, it develops a meandering pattern, wider floodplains, and a gentler gradient. In the old age stage, the river may exhibit a braided pattern, wide floodplains, and a relatively flat gradient.
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