PPT: Local Self Government | Crash Course for UPSC Aspirants PDF Download

 Page 1


Local Self Government 
Capstone IAS Learning
Page 2


Local Self Government 
Capstone IAS Learning
What will we cover
Introduction 
73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Act 
Constitutional Provisions with respect to Panchayati 
Raj Institutions[PRIs]. 
Constitutional Provisions related to Urban Local 
Governments[ULBs]. 
Various other issues related to local governments.
Page 3


Local Self Government 
Capstone IAS Learning
What will we cover
Introduction 
73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Act 
Constitutional Provisions with respect to Panchayati 
Raj Institutions[PRIs]. 
Constitutional Provisions related to Urban Local 
Governments[ULBs]. 
Various other issues related to local governments.
Introduction 
The village panchayat was a unit of local administration since the British days, but they 
were under government control. 
The British started giving some powers of self-government to Panchayats in rural areas 
and to Municipalities in urban areas, under various different enactments. 
Some of these enactments are as following : 
• Bengal Local Self-Government Act, 1885 
• Bengal Village Self-Government Act, 1919 
• Bengal Municipal Act, 1884 
In the Government of India Act, 1935, the power to enact legislation for local self-
government was given to Provincial Legislatures by Entry 12 in the Provincial Legislative List. 
By virtue of this power, many Provinces enacted various laws for vesting powers of 
administration, including criminal justice, in the hands of the Panchayats.
Page 4


Local Self Government 
Capstone IAS Learning
What will we cover
Introduction 
73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Act 
Constitutional Provisions with respect to Panchayati 
Raj Institutions[PRIs]. 
Constitutional Provisions related to Urban Local 
Governments[ULBs]. 
Various other issues related to local governments.
Introduction 
The village panchayat was a unit of local administration since the British days, but they 
were under government control. 
The British started giving some powers of self-government to Panchayats in rural areas 
and to Municipalities in urban areas, under various different enactments. 
Some of these enactments are as following : 
• Bengal Local Self-Government Act, 1885 
• Bengal Village Self-Government Act, 1919 
• Bengal Municipal Act, 1884 
In the Government of India Act, 1935, the power to enact legislation for local self-
government was given to Provincial Legislatures by Entry 12 in the Provincial Legislative List. 
By virtue of this power, many Provinces enacted various laws for vesting powers of 
administration, including criminal justice, in the hands of the Panchayats.
The makers of the Constitution of independent India were not much satis?ed with the working of these 
local institutions. 
Therefore, the provision for PRIs was only added in Article 40 as a Directive Principle[non-binding]. 
Not much attention was given to constitute local self-government institutions in India, until the enactment 
of 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts in 1992. 
73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, inserted Part IX in the Constitution containing Article 243 to 243-O. 
74th Constitutional Amendment Act, inserted Part IX-A in the Constitution containing Article 243P to 
243ZG.
Special F eatures of these Amendments 
This new system contained certain new provisions, like : 
• Reservation of seats for women in these new institutions. 
• An Election Commission to conduct elections of these new institutions. 
• A Finance Commission to ensure ?nancial viability of these institutions. 
The provisions inserted under Part IX & IX-A, are in the nature of basic skeletal framework, which needs to be 
supplemented by laws made by respective State Legislatures, which will de?ne the details as to the powers and 
functions of various organs of local self-government. 
After the Constitutional Amendment, various States enacted enabling legislations to constitute PRIs and 
ULBs.
Page 5


Local Self Government 
Capstone IAS Learning
What will we cover
Introduction 
73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Act 
Constitutional Provisions with respect to Panchayati 
Raj Institutions[PRIs]. 
Constitutional Provisions related to Urban Local 
Governments[ULBs]. 
Various other issues related to local governments.
Introduction 
The village panchayat was a unit of local administration since the British days, but they 
were under government control. 
The British started giving some powers of self-government to Panchayats in rural areas 
and to Municipalities in urban areas, under various different enactments. 
Some of these enactments are as following : 
• Bengal Local Self-Government Act, 1885 
• Bengal Village Self-Government Act, 1919 
• Bengal Municipal Act, 1884 
In the Government of India Act, 1935, the power to enact legislation for local self-
government was given to Provincial Legislatures by Entry 12 in the Provincial Legislative List. 
By virtue of this power, many Provinces enacted various laws for vesting powers of 
administration, including criminal justice, in the hands of the Panchayats.
The makers of the Constitution of independent India were not much satis?ed with the working of these 
local institutions. 
Therefore, the provision for PRIs was only added in Article 40 as a Directive Principle[non-binding]. 
Not much attention was given to constitute local self-government institutions in India, until the enactment 
of 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts in 1992. 
73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, inserted Part IX in the Constitution containing Article 243 to 243-O. 
74th Constitutional Amendment Act, inserted Part IX-A in the Constitution containing Article 243P to 
243ZG.
Special F eatures of these Amendments 
This new system contained certain new provisions, like : 
• Reservation of seats for women in these new institutions. 
• An Election Commission to conduct elections of these new institutions. 
• A Finance Commission to ensure ?nancial viability of these institutions. 
The provisions inserted under Part IX & IX-A, are in the nature of basic skeletal framework, which needs to be 
supplemented by laws made by respective State Legislatures, which will de?ne the details as to the powers and 
functions of various organs of local self-government. 
After the Constitutional Amendment, various States enacted enabling legislations to constitute PRIs and 
ULBs.
73rd Amendment Act (PRIs)
Part IX of the Constitution envisages a 3-tier system of Panchayats, namely, 
1. At village level; 
2. District level; 
3. Intermediate level[between village and district]. 
All seats in a Panchayat, at all levels, shall be ?lled by direct elections from territorial constituencies 
in the Panchayat Area. 
The electorate has been named “Gram Sabha”, which consists of persons on the electoral rolls 
relating to a village comprised within a Panchayat Area. 
The supplemental legislation by the State Legislature shall decide : 
• How the Chairperson of each Panchayat shall be elected  
• Representation of Chairpersons of Village and Intermediate Panchayats in District Panchayats. 
• Representation of members of Parliament and State Legislature in Panchayats above Village 
Level