Daily Analysis of 'The Hindu' - 27th August, 2020 | Additional Study Material for UPSC PDF Download

 Page 1


27-08-2020
1
27-AUGUST-2020
S. No News Articles
Page Number* 
C B D H T
1 Making agricultural market reforms successful (Editorial)
6 6 6 6 6
2
Sobering assessment (Editorial)
6 6 6 6 6
3 India risks stagnation if GDP doesn’t grow over 8% annually
13 12 14 13 12
4
Amazon faces antitrust case from online sellers
13 12 14 13 12
5 Tigers to dance in cyberspace this Onam
8 8 8 8 8
6
Draft policy on health data open for feedback
10 10 10 10 10
7
Gujarat tops exports index: NITI Aayog
13 12 14 13 12
8
Prelims Practice Questions
9
Mains Practice Question
The Hindu News Analysis – 27
th
August 2020
Page 2


27-08-2020
1
27-AUGUST-2020
S. No News Articles
Page Number* 
C B D H T
1 Making agricultural market reforms successful (Editorial)
6 6 6 6 6
2
Sobering assessment (Editorial)
6 6 6 6 6
3 India risks stagnation if GDP doesn’t grow over 8% annually
13 12 14 13 12
4
Amazon faces antitrust case from online sellers
13 12 14 13 12
5 Tigers to dance in cyberspace this Onam
8 8 8 8 8
6
Draft policy on health data open for feedback
10 10 10 10 10
7
Gujarat tops exports index: NITI Aayog
13 12 14 13 12
8
Prelims Practice Questions
9
Mains Practice Question
The Hindu News Analysis – 27
th
August 2020
27-08-2020
2
Pg – 6 – C, B, D, H, T
Part A—Preliminary Examination
Paper I - (200 marks) 
• C u r r e n t e v e n t s of n a t i o n a l a nd i n t e r n a t i o n a l i m por t a n c e .
• I nd i a n P ol i t y a n d G o v e r na n c e - C o ns t i t ut i o n, P o l i t i c a l
S y s t e m , P a n c ha y a t i R a j , P u b l i c P o l i c y , R i g h t s I s s ue s , e t c
• Ec o n o m i c a n d S o c i a l D e v e l o p m e nt - S us t a i n a b l e
D e v e l o p m e n t , P o v e r t y , I n c l us i on , D e m o g r a p h i c s , S o c i a l
S e c t o r I ni t i a t i v e s , e t c .
Part B—Main Examination 
General Studies-III: Technology, Economic Development,
Bio diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster
Management
• M a j o r c r o p s - c r o p p i ng pa t t e r n s i n v a r i o us p a r t s o f t h e
c o un t r y , - d i f f e r e nt t y p e s o f i r r i ga t i on a nd i r r i g a t i on s y s t e m s
s t o r a g e , t r a n s p o r t a n d m a r k e t i n g o f a g r i c u l t ur a l p r o d uc e a n d
i s s u e s a nd r e l a t e d c on s t r a i n t s ; e - t e c h n o l o g y i n t h e a i d o f
f a r m e r s .
• I s s ue s r e l a t e d t o d i r e c t a n d i nd i r e c t f a r m s u b s i di e s a nd
m i ni m um s upp o r t p r i c e s ; P u b l i c D i s t r i b u t i on S y s t e m -
o b j e c t i v e s , f u n c t i o n i ng , l i m i t a t i o ns , r e v a m p i n g; i s s u e s o f
b u f f e r s t o c k s a n d f o od s e c u r i t y ; T e c hn o l o g y m i s s i on s ;
e c o n o m i c s o f a n i m a l - r e a r i n g . y
Agricultural Reforms and Issues
• Govt promulgated 3 ordinances
1. Ordinance to amend ECA to remove the
existing restrictions on stocking food produce.
2. The Farmers ’ Produce Trade and Commerce
Ordinance, 2020 ? to end the monopoly of
the APMCs and allow anyone to purchase and
sell agricultural produce.
3. The Farmers Agreement on Price Assurance
and Farm Services Ordinance ? to legalise
contract farming.
Issues with implementation
• Time-inconsistency problem - policies of the Govt
are frequently changed and the new policy is
completely different and opposite to the previous
one.
• 2016 ? e-NAM was launched to enable farmers
to sell from anywhere to anywhere.
? Prerequisites for the success of this programme
are:
? a single license across the State;
? a single-point levy of the market fee;
? and electronic auctioning in all the markets.
? But, several States did not carry out these
amendments ? e-NAM proved to be far less
effective.
my
Page 3


27-08-2020
1
27-AUGUST-2020
S. No News Articles
Page Number* 
C B D H T
1 Making agricultural market reforms successful (Editorial)
6 6 6 6 6
2
Sobering assessment (Editorial)
6 6 6 6 6
3 India risks stagnation if GDP doesn’t grow over 8% annually
13 12 14 13 12
4
Amazon faces antitrust case from online sellers
13 12 14 13 12
5 Tigers to dance in cyberspace this Onam
8 8 8 8 8
6
Draft policy on health data open for feedback
10 10 10 10 10
7
Gujarat tops exports index: NITI Aayog
13 12 14 13 12
8
Prelims Practice Questions
9
Mains Practice Question
The Hindu News Analysis – 27
th
August 2020
27-08-2020
2
Pg – 6 – C, B, D, H, T
Part A—Preliminary Examination
Paper I - (200 marks) 
• C u r r e n t e v e n t s of n a t i o n a l a nd i n t e r n a t i o n a l i m por t a n c e .
• I nd i a n P ol i t y a n d G o v e r na n c e - C o ns t i t ut i o n, P o l i t i c a l
S y s t e m , P a n c ha y a t i R a j , P u b l i c P o l i c y , R i g h t s I s s ue s , e t c
• Ec o n o m i c a n d S o c i a l D e v e l o p m e nt - S us t a i n a b l e
D e v e l o p m e n t , P o v e r t y , I n c l us i on , D e m o g r a p h i c s , S o c i a l
S e c t o r I ni t i a t i v e s , e t c .
Part B—Main Examination 
General Studies-III: Technology, Economic Development,
Bio diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster
Management
• M a j o r c r o p s - c r o p p i ng pa t t e r n s i n v a r i o us p a r t s o f t h e
c o un t r y , - d i f f e r e nt t y p e s o f i r r i ga t i on a nd i r r i g a t i on s y s t e m s
s t o r a g e , t r a n s p o r t a n d m a r k e t i n g o f a g r i c u l t ur a l p r o d uc e a n d
i s s u e s a nd r e l a t e d c on s t r a i n t s ; e - t e c h n o l o g y i n t h e a i d o f
f a r m e r s .
• I s s ue s r e l a t e d t o d i r e c t a n d i nd i r e c t f a r m s u b s i di e s a nd
m i ni m um s upp o r t p r i c e s ; P u b l i c D i s t r i b u t i on S y s t e m -
o b j e c t i v e s , f u n c t i o n i ng , l i m i t a t i o ns , r e v a m p i n g; i s s u e s o f
b u f f e r s t o c k s a n d f o od s e c u r i t y ; T e c hn o l o g y m i s s i on s ;
e c o n o m i c s o f a n i m a l - r e a r i n g . y
Agricultural Reforms and Issues
• Govt promulgated 3 ordinances
1. Ordinance to amend ECA to remove the
existing restrictions on stocking food produce.
2. The Farmers ’ Produce Trade and Commerce
Ordinance, 2020 ? to end the monopoly of
the APMCs and allow anyone to purchase and
sell agricultural produce.
3. The Farmers Agreement on Price Assurance
and Farm Services Ordinance ? to legalise
contract farming.
Issues with implementation
• Time-inconsistency problem - policies of the Govt
are frequently changed and the new policy is
completely different and opposite to the previous
one.
• 2016 ? e-NAM was launched to enable farmers
to sell from anywhere to anywhere.
? Prerequisites for the success of this programme
are:
? a single license across the State;
? a single-point levy of the market fee;
? and electronic auctioning in all the markets.
? But, several States did not carry out these
amendments ? e-NAM proved to be far less
effective.
my
27-08-2020
3
• 2018 ? Government reverted back to public
price support and launched Pradhan Mantri
Annadata Aay Sanrakshan Abhiyan (PM-AASHA)
• To ensure a return of at least 50% more
than the cost of cultivation.
• 3 components
1. Price Support Scheme (PSS)
2. Price Deficiency Payment Scheme (PDPS)
3. Pilot of Private Procurement & Stockist
Scheme (PPPS)
• 2019 ? PM-KISAN, a direct cash transfer
programme.
• COVID-19 crisis ? Focus back on improving
the market functioning
? E-NAM has been scaled up to cover more
markets
? allowed to sell and transport directly from
registered warehouses and FPOs.
• 2020 ? 3 new ordinances under PM Atma
Nirbhar Abhyan.
• Frequent changes in farm.
• May not inspire much confidence in private
investors ? wait-and-watch approach.
Centre-State and State-State relations
• Coordination between the Central and the State
governments.
? A lot of friction is expected from state
governemnts.
? A consultative and conciliatory approach.
Multiple market failures
• Absence or failure of credit and insurance
markets
Conclusion
• Consistency in policy, collaborative approach and
complementary reforms are necessary for the
success of the recent agricultural market
reforms.
Page 4


27-08-2020
1
27-AUGUST-2020
S. No News Articles
Page Number* 
C B D H T
1 Making agricultural market reforms successful (Editorial)
6 6 6 6 6
2
Sobering assessment (Editorial)
6 6 6 6 6
3 India risks stagnation if GDP doesn’t grow over 8% annually
13 12 14 13 12
4
Amazon faces antitrust case from online sellers
13 12 14 13 12
5 Tigers to dance in cyberspace this Onam
8 8 8 8 8
6
Draft policy on health data open for feedback
10 10 10 10 10
7
Gujarat tops exports index: NITI Aayog
13 12 14 13 12
8
Prelims Practice Questions
9
Mains Practice Question
The Hindu News Analysis – 27
th
August 2020
27-08-2020
2
Pg – 6 – C, B, D, H, T
Part A—Preliminary Examination
Paper I - (200 marks) 
• C u r r e n t e v e n t s of n a t i o n a l a nd i n t e r n a t i o n a l i m por t a n c e .
• I nd i a n P ol i t y a n d G o v e r na n c e - C o ns t i t ut i o n, P o l i t i c a l
S y s t e m , P a n c ha y a t i R a j , P u b l i c P o l i c y , R i g h t s I s s ue s , e t c
• Ec o n o m i c a n d S o c i a l D e v e l o p m e nt - S us t a i n a b l e
D e v e l o p m e n t , P o v e r t y , I n c l us i on , D e m o g r a p h i c s , S o c i a l
S e c t o r I ni t i a t i v e s , e t c .
Part B—Main Examination 
General Studies-III: Technology, Economic Development,
Bio diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster
Management
• M a j o r c r o p s - c r o p p i ng pa t t e r n s i n v a r i o us p a r t s o f t h e
c o un t r y , - d i f f e r e nt t y p e s o f i r r i ga t i on a nd i r r i g a t i on s y s t e m s
s t o r a g e , t r a n s p o r t a n d m a r k e t i n g o f a g r i c u l t ur a l p r o d uc e a n d
i s s u e s a nd r e l a t e d c on s t r a i n t s ; e - t e c h n o l o g y i n t h e a i d o f
f a r m e r s .
• I s s ue s r e l a t e d t o d i r e c t a n d i nd i r e c t f a r m s u b s i di e s a nd
m i ni m um s upp o r t p r i c e s ; P u b l i c D i s t r i b u t i on S y s t e m -
o b j e c t i v e s , f u n c t i o n i ng , l i m i t a t i o ns , r e v a m p i n g; i s s u e s o f
b u f f e r s t o c k s a n d f o od s e c u r i t y ; T e c hn o l o g y m i s s i on s ;
e c o n o m i c s o f a n i m a l - r e a r i n g . y
Agricultural Reforms and Issues
• Govt promulgated 3 ordinances
1. Ordinance to amend ECA to remove the
existing restrictions on stocking food produce.
2. The Farmers ’ Produce Trade and Commerce
Ordinance, 2020 ? to end the monopoly of
the APMCs and allow anyone to purchase and
sell agricultural produce.
3. The Farmers Agreement on Price Assurance
and Farm Services Ordinance ? to legalise
contract farming.
Issues with implementation
• Time-inconsistency problem - policies of the Govt
are frequently changed and the new policy is
completely different and opposite to the previous
one.
• 2016 ? e-NAM was launched to enable farmers
to sell from anywhere to anywhere.
? Prerequisites for the success of this programme
are:
? a single license across the State;
? a single-point levy of the market fee;
? and electronic auctioning in all the markets.
? But, several States did not carry out these
amendments ? e-NAM proved to be far less
effective.
my
27-08-2020
3
• 2018 ? Government reverted back to public
price support and launched Pradhan Mantri
Annadata Aay Sanrakshan Abhiyan (PM-AASHA)
• To ensure a return of at least 50% more
than the cost of cultivation.
• 3 components
1. Price Support Scheme (PSS)
2. Price Deficiency Payment Scheme (PDPS)
3. Pilot of Private Procurement & Stockist
Scheme (PPPS)
• 2019 ? PM-KISAN, a direct cash transfer
programme.
• COVID-19 crisis ? Focus back on improving
the market functioning
? E-NAM has been scaled up to cover more
markets
? allowed to sell and transport directly from
registered warehouses and FPOs.
• 2020 ? 3 new ordinances under PM Atma
Nirbhar Abhyan.
• Frequent changes in farm.
• May not inspire much confidence in private
investors ? wait-and-watch approach.
Centre-State and State-State relations
• Coordination between the Central and the State
governments.
? A lot of friction is expected from state
governemnts.
? A consultative and conciliatory approach.
Multiple market failures
• Absence or failure of credit and insurance
markets
Conclusion
• Consistency in policy, collaborative approach and
complementary reforms are necessary for the
success of the recent agricultural market
reforms.
27-08-2020
4
Pg – 12 – B, T;        Pg – 13 – C, H;
Pg – 14 – D
Pg – 6 –
C, B, D, H, T
emy
Part A—Preliminary Examination
Paper I - (200 marks) 
• C u r r e n t e v e n t s of n a t i o n a l a nd i n t e r n a t i o n a l i m por t a n c e .
• Ec o n o m i c a n d S o c i a l D e v e l o p m e nt - S us t a i n a b l e
D e v e l o p m e n t , P o v e r t y , I n c l us i on , D e m o g r a p h i c s , S o c i a l
S e c t o r I ni t i a t i v e s , e t c .
Part B—Main Examination 
General Studies- II: Governance, Constitution, Polity,
Social Justice and International relations.
• G o v e r n m e n t p o l i c i e s a n d i nt e r v e n t i o ns f o r d e v e l opm e nt i n
v a r i o us s e c t or s a nd i s s u e s a r i s i n g ou t of t h e i r d e s i gn a n d
i m p l e m e nt a t i on .
General Studies-III: Technology, Economic Development,
Bio diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster
Management
• I nd i a n Ec o n o m y a n d i s s u e s r e l a t i ng t o p l a nn i n g,
m obi l i z a t i o n, o f r e s o ur c e s , gr o w t h, d e v e l o p m e nt a n d
e m pl o y m e n t .
• Ef f e c t s of l i b e r a l i z a t i on o n t h e e c on o m y , c h a n ge s i n
i n du s t r i a l p o l i c y a n d t he i r e f f e c t s o n i n du s t r i a l g r o w t h .
• I nv e s t m e n t m o d e l s .
Page 5


27-08-2020
1
27-AUGUST-2020
S. No News Articles
Page Number* 
C B D H T
1 Making agricultural market reforms successful (Editorial)
6 6 6 6 6
2
Sobering assessment (Editorial)
6 6 6 6 6
3 India risks stagnation if GDP doesn’t grow over 8% annually
13 12 14 13 12
4
Amazon faces antitrust case from online sellers
13 12 14 13 12
5 Tigers to dance in cyberspace this Onam
8 8 8 8 8
6
Draft policy on health data open for feedback
10 10 10 10 10
7
Gujarat tops exports index: NITI Aayog
13 12 14 13 12
8
Prelims Practice Questions
9
Mains Practice Question
The Hindu News Analysis – 27
th
August 2020
27-08-2020
2
Pg – 6 – C, B, D, H, T
Part A—Preliminary Examination
Paper I - (200 marks) 
• C u r r e n t e v e n t s of n a t i o n a l a nd i n t e r n a t i o n a l i m por t a n c e .
• I nd i a n P ol i t y a n d G o v e r na n c e - C o ns t i t ut i o n, P o l i t i c a l
S y s t e m , P a n c ha y a t i R a j , P u b l i c P o l i c y , R i g h t s I s s ue s , e t c
• Ec o n o m i c a n d S o c i a l D e v e l o p m e nt - S us t a i n a b l e
D e v e l o p m e n t , P o v e r t y , I n c l us i on , D e m o g r a p h i c s , S o c i a l
S e c t o r I ni t i a t i v e s , e t c .
Part B—Main Examination 
General Studies-III: Technology, Economic Development,
Bio diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster
Management
• M a j o r c r o p s - c r o p p i ng pa t t e r n s i n v a r i o us p a r t s o f t h e
c o un t r y , - d i f f e r e nt t y p e s o f i r r i ga t i on a nd i r r i g a t i on s y s t e m s
s t o r a g e , t r a n s p o r t a n d m a r k e t i n g o f a g r i c u l t ur a l p r o d uc e a n d
i s s u e s a nd r e l a t e d c on s t r a i n t s ; e - t e c h n o l o g y i n t h e a i d o f
f a r m e r s .
• I s s ue s r e l a t e d t o d i r e c t a n d i nd i r e c t f a r m s u b s i di e s a nd
m i ni m um s upp o r t p r i c e s ; P u b l i c D i s t r i b u t i on S y s t e m -
o b j e c t i v e s , f u n c t i o n i ng , l i m i t a t i o ns , r e v a m p i n g; i s s u e s o f
b u f f e r s t o c k s a n d f o od s e c u r i t y ; T e c hn o l o g y m i s s i on s ;
e c o n o m i c s o f a n i m a l - r e a r i n g . y
Agricultural Reforms and Issues
• Govt promulgated 3 ordinances
1. Ordinance to amend ECA to remove the
existing restrictions on stocking food produce.
2. The Farmers ’ Produce Trade and Commerce
Ordinance, 2020 ? to end the monopoly of
the APMCs and allow anyone to purchase and
sell agricultural produce.
3. The Farmers Agreement on Price Assurance
and Farm Services Ordinance ? to legalise
contract farming.
Issues with implementation
• Time-inconsistency problem - policies of the Govt
are frequently changed and the new policy is
completely different and opposite to the previous
one.
• 2016 ? e-NAM was launched to enable farmers
to sell from anywhere to anywhere.
? Prerequisites for the success of this programme
are:
? a single license across the State;
? a single-point levy of the market fee;
? and electronic auctioning in all the markets.
? But, several States did not carry out these
amendments ? e-NAM proved to be far less
effective.
my
27-08-2020
3
• 2018 ? Government reverted back to public
price support and launched Pradhan Mantri
Annadata Aay Sanrakshan Abhiyan (PM-AASHA)
• To ensure a return of at least 50% more
than the cost of cultivation.
• 3 components
1. Price Support Scheme (PSS)
2. Price Deficiency Payment Scheme (PDPS)
3. Pilot of Private Procurement & Stockist
Scheme (PPPS)
• 2019 ? PM-KISAN, a direct cash transfer
programme.
• COVID-19 crisis ? Focus back on improving
the market functioning
? E-NAM has been scaled up to cover more
markets
? allowed to sell and transport directly from
registered warehouses and FPOs.
• 2020 ? 3 new ordinances under PM Atma
Nirbhar Abhyan.
• Frequent changes in farm.
• May not inspire much confidence in private
investors ? wait-and-watch approach.
Centre-State and State-State relations
• Coordination between the Central and the State
governments.
? A lot of friction is expected from state
governemnts.
? A consultative and conciliatory approach.
Multiple market failures
• Absence or failure of credit and insurance
markets
Conclusion
• Consistency in policy, collaborative approach and
complementary reforms are necessary for the
success of the recent agricultural market
reforms.
27-08-2020
4
Pg – 12 – B, T;        Pg – 13 – C, H;
Pg – 14 – D
Pg – 6 –
C, B, D, H, T
emy
Part A—Preliminary Examination
Paper I - (200 marks) 
• C u r r e n t e v e n t s of n a t i o n a l a nd i n t e r n a t i o n a l i m por t a n c e .
• Ec o n o m i c a n d S o c i a l D e v e l o p m e nt - S us t a i n a b l e
D e v e l o p m e n t , P o v e r t y , I n c l us i on , D e m o g r a p h i c s , S o c i a l
S e c t o r I ni t i a t i v e s , e t c .
Part B—Main Examination 
General Studies- II: Governance, Constitution, Polity,
Social Justice and International relations.
• G o v e r n m e n t p o l i c i e s a n d i nt e r v e n t i o ns f o r d e v e l opm e nt i n
v a r i o us s e c t or s a nd i s s u e s a r i s i n g ou t of t h e i r d e s i gn a n d
i m p l e m e nt a t i on .
General Studies-III: Technology, Economic Development,
Bio diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster
Management
• I nd i a n Ec o n o m y a n d i s s u e s r e l a t i ng t o p l a nn i n g,
m obi l i z a t i o n, o f r e s o ur c e s , gr o w t h, d e v e l o p m e nt a n d
e m pl o y m e n t .
• Ef f e c t s of l i b e r a l i z a t i on o n t h e e c on o m y , c h a n ge s i n
i n du s t r i a l p o l i c y a n d t he i r e f f e c t s o n i n du s t r i a l g r o w t h .
• I nv e s t m e n t m o d e l s .
27-08-2020
5
RBI ’s Assessment of economy post
COVID - 19
• Reduced private consumption.
• Public expenditure is strained.
• Reduced corporate investments.
Suggestions given by RBI to boost
economic activities:
• The Government can crowd in private
investment by
? Targeted public investments .
? Privatisation of major ports.
• Author ’s opinion:
? Government should not go for
privatisation
? Government should use its available
resources optimally and wait till the
curve of infections to start flattening.
Report of McKinsey Global Institute (MGI)
• India ’s GDP needs to grow annually at
8-8.5%
• India should create 12 million gainful non-
farm jobs per year.
• Suggestions to improve the economy of
India:
? Government should give more attention
to manufacturing, construction, real
estate, agriculture, healthcare, and
retail sectors etc.
? The government should aim for
privatisation of 30 top PSUs.