PPT: Fluid Kinematics | Fluid Mechanics for Mechanical Engineering PDF Download

 Page 1


Fluid Kinematics
2

 Branch of fluid mechanics which deals with response of fluids 
in motion without considering forces and energies in them. 

 The study of kinematics is often referred to as the geometry of 
motion.
CAR surface pressure contours
and streamlines
Flow around cylindrical object
Page 2


Fluid Kinematics
2

 Branch of fluid mechanics which deals with response of fluids 
in motion without considering forces and energies in them. 

 The study of kinematics is often referred to as the geometry of 
motion.
CAR surface pressure contours
and streamlines
Flow around cylindrical object
Fluid Flow
3

 Rate of flow: Quantity of fluid passing through any 
section in a unit time.

 T ype:

 1. Volume flow rate: 

 2. Mass flow rate

 3. Weigh flow rate
time
fluid of Quantity 
flow of Rate =
time
fluid of volume
=
time
fluid of mass
=
time
fluid of weight 
=
Page 3


Fluid Kinematics
2

 Branch of fluid mechanics which deals with response of fluids 
in motion without considering forces and energies in them. 

 The study of kinematics is often referred to as the geometry of 
motion.
CAR surface pressure contours
and streamlines
Flow around cylindrical object
Fluid Flow
3

 Rate of flow: Quantity of fluid passing through any 
section in a unit time.

 T ype:

 1. Volume flow rate: 

 2. Mass flow rate

 3. Weigh flow rate
time
fluid of Quantity 
flow of Rate =
time
fluid of volume
=
time
fluid of mass
=
time
fluid of weight 
=
Fluid Flow
4

 Let’s consider a pipe in which a fluid is flowing with mean velocity, V.

 Let, in unit time, t, volume of fluid (AL) passes through section X-X, 

 1. Volume flow rate: 

 2. Mass flow rate

 3. Weigh flow rate
V
L
A
Longitudinal Section Cross Section
t
AL
Q = =
time
fluid of volume
( )
t
AL
M
?
= =
time
fluid of mass
( ) ( )
t
AL
t
AL g
G
? ?
= = =
time
fluid of weight 
Units
X
X
Page 4


Fluid Kinematics
2

 Branch of fluid mechanics which deals with response of fluids 
in motion without considering forces and energies in them. 

 The study of kinematics is often referred to as the geometry of 
motion.
CAR surface pressure contours
and streamlines
Flow around cylindrical object
Fluid Flow
3

 Rate of flow: Quantity of fluid passing through any 
section in a unit time.

 T ype:

 1. Volume flow rate: 

 2. Mass flow rate

 3. Weigh flow rate
time
fluid of Quantity 
flow of Rate =
time
fluid of volume
=
time
fluid of mass
=
time
fluid of weight 
=
Fluid Flow
4

 Let’s consider a pipe in which a fluid is flowing with mean velocity, V.

 Let, in unit time, t, volume of fluid (AL) passes through section X-X, 

 1. Volume flow rate: 

 2. Mass flow rate

 3. Weigh flow rate
V
L
A
Longitudinal Section Cross Section
t
AL
Q = =
time
fluid of volume
( )
t
AL
M
?
= =
time
fluid of mass
( ) ( )
t
AL
t
AL g
G
? ?
= = =
time
fluid of weight 
Units
X
X
Types of Flow
5

 Depending upon fluid properties

 Ideal and Real flow

 Incompressible and compressible

 Depending upon properties of flow

 Laminar and turbulent flows

 Steady and unsteady flow

 Uniform and Non-uniform flow
Page 5


Fluid Kinematics
2

 Branch of fluid mechanics which deals with response of fluids 
in motion without considering forces and energies in them. 

 The study of kinematics is often referred to as the geometry of 
motion.
CAR surface pressure contours
and streamlines
Flow around cylindrical object
Fluid Flow
3

 Rate of flow: Quantity of fluid passing through any 
section in a unit time.

 T ype:

 1. Volume flow rate: 

 2. Mass flow rate

 3. Weigh flow rate
time
fluid of Quantity 
flow of Rate =
time
fluid of volume
=
time
fluid of mass
=
time
fluid of weight 
=
Fluid Flow
4

 Let’s consider a pipe in which a fluid is flowing with mean velocity, V.

 Let, in unit time, t, volume of fluid (AL) passes through section X-X, 

 1. Volume flow rate: 

 2. Mass flow rate

 3. Weigh flow rate
V
L
A
Longitudinal Section Cross Section
t
AL
Q = =
time
fluid of volume
( )
t
AL
M
?
= =
time
fluid of mass
( ) ( )
t
AL
t
AL g
G
? ?
= = =
time
fluid of weight 
Units
X
X
Types of Flow
5

 Depending upon fluid properties

 Ideal and Real flow

 Incompressible and compressible

 Depending upon properties of flow

 Laminar and turbulent flows

 Steady and unsteady flow

 Uniform and Non-uniform flow
Ideal and Real flow
6

 Real fluid flows implies friction effects. Ideal fluid flow is hypothetical; 
it assumes no friction. 
Velocity distribution of pipe flow