Montreal Protocol Assessment | Environment for UPSC 2024 (Pre & Mains) PDF Download

 Page 1


MONTREAL PROTOCOL 
ASSESSMENT 
Page 2


MONTREAL PROTOCOL 
ASSESSMENT 
INTRODUCTION 
The  quadrennial Assessment of Ozone 
Depletion by the treaty’s Scientific Assessment 
Panel (SAP) — published  at the start of its 
annual Meeting of Parties in Quito 
confirms  that, “for the first time, there are 
emerging indications that the Antarctic ozone 
hole has diminished in size and depth since the 
year 2000” and that it is expected to gradually 
return to safe levels by the 2060s, thanks to the 
mandatory reduction of CFCs and related ozone 
depleting chemicals. 
Page 3


MONTREAL PROTOCOL 
ASSESSMENT 
INTRODUCTION 
The  quadrennial Assessment of Ozone 
Depletion by the treaty’s Scientific Assessment 
Panel (SAP) — published  at the start of its 
annual Meeting of Parties in Quito 
confirms  that, “for the first time, there are 
emerging indications that the Antarctic ozone 
hole has diminished in size and depth since the 
year 2000” and that it is expected to gradually 
return to safe levels by the 2060s, thanks to the 
mandatory reduction of CFCs and related ozone 
depleting chemicals. 
FINDINGS 
The Antarctic ozone hole is recovering, while continuing 
to occur every year.  
As a result of the Montreal Protocol much more severe 
ozone depletion in the Polar Regions has been 
avoided.  
Evidence presented by the authors shows that the 
ozone layer in parts of the stratosphere has recovered 
at a rate of 1-3 percent per decade since 2000 
At projected rates, Northern Hemisphere and mid 
latitude ozone is scheduled to heal completely (i.e. 
equivalent to 1980 values) by the 2030s followed by 
the Southern Hemisphere in the 2050s and Polar 
Regions by 2060.  
Page 4


MONTREAL PROTOCOL 
ASSESSMENT 
INTRODUCTION 
The  quadrennial Assessment of Ozone 
Depletion by the treaty’s Scientific Assessment 
Panel (SAP) — published  at the start of its 
annual Meeting of Parties in Quito 
confirms  that, “for the first time, there are 
emerging indications that the Antarctic ozone 
hole has diminished in size and depth since the 
year 2000” and that it is expected to gradually 
return to safe levels by the 2060s, thanks to the 
mandatory reduction of CFCs and related ozone 
depleting chemicals. 
FINDINGS 
The Antarctic ozone hole is recovering, while continuing 
to occur every year.  
As a result of the Montreal Protocol much more severe 
ozone depletion in the Polar Regions has been 
avoided.  
Evidence presented by the authors shows that the 
ozone layer in parts of the stratosphere has recovered 
at a rate of 1-3 percent per decade since 2000 
At projected rates, Northern Hemisphere and mid 
latitude ozone is scheduled to heal completely (i.e. 
equivalent to 1980 values) by the 2030s followed by 
the Southern Hemisphere in the 2050s and Polar 
Regions by 2060.  
FINDINGS 
It was the first time that there were emerging 
indications that the Antarctic ozone hole had 
diminished in size and depth since 2000. 
 
In the Arctic, annual variations were much 
larger, making it hard to confirm whether 
there had been a definite recovery in the 
layer since 2000. 
 
Page 5


MONTREAL PROTOCOL 
ASSESSMENT 
INTRODUCTION 
The  quadrennial Assessment of Ozone 
Depletion by the treaty’s Scientific Assessment 
Panel (SAP) — published  at the start of its 
annual Meeting of Parties in Quito 
confirms  that, “for the first time, there are 
emerging indications that the Antarctic ozone 
hole has diminished in size and depth since the 
year 2000” and that it is expected to gradually 
return to safe levels by the 2060s, thanks to the 
mandatory reduction of CFCs and related ozone 
depleting chemicals. 
FINDINGS 
The Antarctic ozone hole is recovering, while continuing 
to occur every year.  
As a result of the Montreal Protocol much more severe 
ozone depletion in the Polar Regions has been 
avoided.  
Evidence presented by the authors shows that the 
ozone layer in parts of the stratosphere has recovered 
at a rate of 1-3 percent per decade since 2000 
At projected rates, Northern Hemisphere and mid 
latitude ozone is scheduled to heal completely (i.e. 
equivalent to 1980 values) by the 2030s followed by 
the Southern Hemisphere in the 2050s and Polar 
Regions by 2060.  
FINDINGS 
It was the first time that there were emerging 
indications that the Antarctic ozone hole had 
diminished in size and depth since 2000. 
 
In the Arctic, annual variations were much 
larger, making it hard to confirm whether 
there had been a definite recovery in the 
layer since 2000. 
 
FINDINGS 
The report found at least one violation of the 
protocol - an unexpected increase in production 
and emissions of CFC-11 from eastern Asia since 
2012.  
The report said the source country or countries 
had not yet been identified. 
If CFC-11 emissions continued at the same rate, 
return of mid-latitude and polar ozone-depleting 
chemicals to their 1980 values would be delayed 
by about 7 and 20 years, respectively.