Notes: Child Labour | Sociology Mains Optional for UPSC 2024 PDF Download

 Page 1


 
www.YouTube.com/SleepyClasses 
Sleepy Classes 
Child Labour 
 
Definition  
Person below 14 years, working for most part of day  
UN -> Below 18 years 
 
General Definition - One who ought to be in education system but working 
 
Causes : 
• Poverty 
• Under employment of parents  
• Vocational education weak  
• Education -> Infra + Material missing  
• Illiterate & ignorant parents 
• Large families 
• Unhappy homes – Dyfunctional families lacking social security  
• Preference for child labour -> Nimble fingers -> carpet, Bidi factories prefer child 
labour because of intricate work 
• Orphan Protection Failure  
• Failure of education system to provide education - Loss of trust on education.  
• Corruption : Grants, scholarships not reaching beneficiaries. Culprits not brought 
to books.  
 
Constitutional provisions : 
• Article 24 
• Article 39 (e) and ( f ) 
 
CL & Globalisation:  
Negatives : 
1) Competitiveness, Profit orientation  
2) Increased avenues to employ child labour 
3) Urbanization -> Migration. Difficult sustainability leading to employement of 
Child Labour 
Page 2


 
www.YouTube.com/SleepyClasses 
Sleepy Classes 
Child Labour 
 
Definition  
Person below 14 years, working for most part of day  
UN -> Below 18 years 
 
General Definition - One who ought to be in education system but working 
 
Causes : 
• Poverty 
• Under employment of parents  
• Vocational education weak  
• Education -> Infra + Material missing  
• Illiterate & ignorant parents 
• Large families 
• Unhappy homes – Dyfunctional families lacking social security  
• Preference for child labour -> Nimble fingers -> carpet, Bidi factories prefer child 
labour because of intricate work 
• Orphan Protection Failure  
• Failure of education system to provide education - Loss of trust on education.  
• Corruption : Grants, scholarships not reaching beneficiaries. Culprits not brought 
to books.  
 
Constitutional provisions : 
• Article 24 
• Article 39 (e) and ( f ) 
 
CL & Globalisation:  
Negatives : 
1) Competitiveness, Profit orientation  
2) Increased avenues to employ child labour 
3) Urbanization -> Migration. Difficult sustainability leading to employement of 
Child Labour 
 
www.YouTube.com/SleepyClasses 
Sleepy Classes 
4) Increased demand of Domestic child labour in households owing to  Increased 
incomes because of Globalisation  
5) Sweatshops closing in B’desh Nepal, forcing children to work + Prostitution  
6) New forms -> child Pornography + Trafficking  
 
Positives:  
1)  Increased awareness ->   d reporting  
2) Global conventions -> Increased role of govt.  
3) Global Movements against Products made by children 
4) Global NGOs coming rescue  
5) Increased limelight because of Noble Prize (Kailash Satyarthi) 
 
Legal Provisions : 
- Child Labour Prohibition and Regulation Act 1986 -> 2014 bill = 18 years Amdt. 
In 2016 
- Juvenile Justice Act 2000 
- The Factories Act 1948 
- Ban on Child Labour from 2006 
 
Institutional provisions : 
- National Authority for elimination of child Labour 
- Special cell in ministry of labour 
- Special committees at state level 
- Ministry of women and child development 
 
Programmes & policies:  
- Help from NGOs (BBA)  
- National policy for child labour  
- International programme on the Elimination of Child Labour 
- Special Schools (Evening schools) 
NGOs  
- BBA  
- IPEC - International programme on the Elimination of Child Labour 
- UNICEF 
Page 3


 
www.YouTube.com/SleepyClasses 
Sleepy Classes 
Child Labour 
 
Definition  
Person below 14 years, working for most part of day  
UN -> Below 18 years 
 
General Definition - One who ought to be in education system but working 
 
Causes : 
• Poverty 
• Under employment of parents  
• Vocational education weak  
• Education -> Infra + Material missing  
• Illiterate & ignorant parents 
• Large families 
• Unhappy homes – Dyfunctional families lacking social security  
• Preference for child labour -> Nimble fingers -> carpet, Bidi factories prefer child 
labour because of intricate work 
• Orphan Protection Failure  
• Failure of education system to provide education - Loss of trust on education.  
• Corruption : Grants, scholarships not reaching beneficiaries. Culprits not brought 
to books.  
 
Constitutional provisions : 
• Article 24 
• Article 39 (e) and ( f ) 
 
CL & Globalisation:  
Negatives : 
1) Competitiveness, Profit orientation  
2) Increased avenues to employ child labour 
3) Urbanization -> Migration. Difficult sustainability leading to employement of 
Child Labour 
 
www.YouTube.com/SleepyClasses 
Sleepy Classes 
4) Increased demand of Domestic child labour in households owing to  Increased 
incomes because of Globalisation  
5) Sweatshops closing in B’desh Nepal, forcing children to work + Prostitution  
6) New forms -> child Pornography + Trafficking  
 
Positives:  
1)  Increased awareness ->   d reporting  
2) Global conventions -> Increased role of govt.  
3) Global Movements against Products made by children 
4) Global NGOs coming rescue  
5) Increased limelight because of Noble Prize (Kailash Satyarthi) 
 
Legal Provisions : 
- Child Labour Prohibition and Regulation Act 1986 -> 2014 bill = 18 years Amdt. 
In 2016 
- Juvenile Justice Act 2000 
- The Factories Act 1948 
- Ban on Child Labour from 2006 
 
Institutional provisions : 
- National Authority for elimination of child Labour 
- Special cell in ministry of labour 
- Special committees at state level 
- Ministry of women and child development 
 
Programmes & policies:  
- Help from NGOs (BBA)  
- National policy for child labour  
- International programme on the Elimination of Child Labour 
- Special Schools (Evening schools) 
NGOs  
- BBA  
- IPEC - International programme on the Elimination of Child Labour 
- UNICEF 
 
www.YouTube.com/SleepyClasses 
Sleepy Classes 
- CREDA - Centre for Rural Education and Development Association. 
 
 
Integrative Approach  
- Employment to Parents,  
- Banning CL is not enough, Parents also to be punished.  
- Civil society - To not employ child domestic labour & report it whebever they 
come across any 
- Media can highlight: TV Serials like Udaan