NCERT Textbook: मंत्रणा | NCERT Textbooks & Solutions for Class 7 PDF Download

 Page 1


58 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
rsjgok¡ cjl iwjk gksus ij ikaMo fojkV dh
jktèkkuh NksM+dj fojkVjkt osQ gh jkT; esa fLFkr
^miIyO;* uked uxj esa tkdj jgus yxsA
vKkrokl dh vofèk iwjh gks pqdh FkhA blfy,
ik¡pksa HkkbZ izdV :i esa jgus yxsA vkxs dk
dk;ZozQe r; djus osQ fy, mUgksaus vius
HkkbZ&caèkqvksa ,oa fe=kksa dks cqykus osQ fy, nwr
HkstsA HkkbZ cyjke] vtZqu dh iRuh lqHknzk rFkk
iq=k vfHkeU;q vkSj ;nqoa'k osQ dbZ ohjkas dks
ysdj Jho`Q".k miIyO; tk igq¡psA banzlsu vkfn
jktk vius&vius jFkksa ij p<+dj miIyO; vk
igq¡psA dkf'kjkt vkSj ohj 'kSO; Hkh viuh nks
v{kkSfg.kh lsuk osQ lkFk vkdj ;qfèkf"Bj osQ
uxj esa igq¡p x,A ikapkyjkt nzqin rhu v{kkSfg.kh
ea=.kk
25
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 2


58 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
rsjgok¡ cjl iwjk gksus ij ikaMo fojkV dh
jktèkkuh NksM+dj fojkVjkt osQ gh jkT; esa fLFkr
^miIyO;* uked uxj esa tkdj jgus yxsA
vKkrokl dh vofèk iwjh gks pqdh FkhA blfy,
ik¡pksa HkkbZ izdV :i esa jgus yxsA vkxs dk
dk;ZozQe r; djus osQ fy, mUgksaus vius
HkkbZ&caèkqvksa ,oa fe=kksa dks cqykus osQ fy, nwr
HkstsA HkkbZ cyjke] vtZqu dh iRuh lqHknzk rFkk
iq=k vfHkeU;q vkSj ;nqoa'k osQ dbZ ohjkas dks
ysdj Jho`Q".k miIyO; tk igq¡psA banzlsu vkfn
jktk vius&vius jFkksa ij p<+dj miIyO; vk
igq¡psA dkf'kjkt vkSj ohj 'kSO; Hkh viuh nks
v{kkSfg.kh lsuk osQ lkFk vkdj ;qfèkf"Bj osQ
uxj esa igq¡p x,A ikapkyjkt nzqin rhu v{kkSfg.kh
ea=.kk
25
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 59
lsuk yk,A muosQ lkFk f'k[kaMh] nzkSinh dk HkkbZ
èk`"V|qEu vkSj nzkSinh osQ iq=k Hkh vk ig¡qpsA vkSj
Hkh fdrus gh jktk viuh&viuh lsukvksa dks
lkFk ysdj ikaMoksa dh lgk;rk osQ fy, vk x,A
lcls igys vfHkeU;q osQ lkFk mÙkjk dk
fookg fd;k x;kA blosQ ckn fojkVjkt osQ lHkk
Hkou esa lHkh vkxarqd jktk ea=k.kk osQ fy, bd_s
gq,A fojkV osQ ikl Jho`Q".k vkSj ;qfèkf"Bj cSBsA
nzqin osQ ikl cyjke vkSj lkR;fdA vkSj Hkh
fdrus gh izrkih jktk lHkk esa fojkteku FksA lHkk
esa lcosQ vius&vius vklu ij cSB tkus ij
Jho`Q".k mBs vkSj cksysµ¶lEekuuh; caèkqvks vkSj
fe=kks! vkt ge lc ;gk¡ blfy, bd_s gq, gSa
fd oqQN ,sls mik; lkspsa] tks ;qfèkf"Bj vkSj jktk
nq;ksZèku osQ fy, ykHkizn gksa] U;k;ksfpr gksa vkSj
ftuls ikaMoksa rFkk dkSjoksa dk lq;'k c<+sA tks jkT;
;qfèkf"Bj ls Nhuk x;k gS og mudks okil fey
tk,] rks ikaMo 'kkar gks tk,¡xs vkSj nksuksa esa lafèk
gks ldrh gSA esjh jk; esa bl ckjs esa nq;ksZèku osQ
lkFk mfpr jhfr ls ckrphr djosQ mls le>kus
osQ fy, ,d ,sls O;fDr dks nwr cukdj Hkstuk
gksxk] tks loZFkk ;ksX; gksA¸
rc cyjke mBs vkSj cksysµ¶o`Q".k us tks
lykg nh gS] og eq>s U;k;ksfpr yxrh gSA vki
yksx tkurs gh gSa fd oaqQrh osQ iq=kksa dks vkèkk
jkT; feyk FkkA os mls tq, essa gkj x,A vc os
mls fiQj ls izkIr djuk pkgrs gSaaaaA ;fn 'kkafriw.kZ
<ax ls] fcuk ;q¼ fd, gh os viuk jkT; izkIr
dj losaQ] rks mlls u osQoy ikaMoksa cfYd
nq;ksZèku rFkk lkjh iztk dh HkykbZ gh gksxhA¸
cyjke osQ dgus dk lkj ;g Fkk fd
;qfèkf"Bj us tku&cw>dj viuh bPNk ls tqvk
[ksydj jkT; x¡ok;k FkkA mudh bu ckrksa ls
;nqoqQy dk ohj vkSj ikaMoksa dk fgrS"kh lkR;fd
vkxccwyk gks mBkA mlls u jgk x;kA og
mBdj dgus yxkµ¶cyjke th dh ckrsa eq>s
”kjk Hkh U;k;ksfpr ugha ekywe gksrhaA ;qfèkf"Bj
dks vkxzg djosQ tqvk [ksyus ij foo'k fd;k
x;k vkSj [ksy esa diV ls gjk;k x;k FkkA fiQj
Hkh budh lTturk gh Fkh] tks iz.k fuHkkdj
mUgksaus [ksy dh 'krs± iwjh dhaA nq;ksZèku vkSj muosQ
lkFkh tks ;g fpYy&iqdkj epk jgs gSa fd ckjg
eghus iwjs gksus ls igys gh ikaMoksa dks mUgksaus
igpku fy;k gS] ljklj >wB gS vkSj fcyoqQy
vU;k; gSA esjh jk; esa nq;ksZèku cxSj ;q¼ osQ
ekusxk gh ughaA blfy, foyac djuk gekjs fy,
fcyoqQy ukle>h dh ckr gksxhA¸
lkR;fd dh bu n`<+rkiw.kZ vkSj ”kksjnkj ckrksa
ls jktk nzqin cM+s [kq'k gq,A og mBs vkSj
cksysµ¶LkkR;fd us tks dgk] og fcYkoqQy lgh
gSA eSa mudk ”kksjksa ls leFkZu djrk gw¡A 'kY;]
èk`"VosQrq] t;Rlsu] oSQd; vkfn jktkvksa osQ ikl
vHkh ls nwr Hkst nsus pkfg,A bldk eryc ;g
ugha gS fd lqyg dk iz;Ru gh u fd;k tk,]
cfYd esjh jk; esa rks jktk èk`rjk"Vª osQ ikl vHkh
ls fdlh lq;ksX; O;fDr dks nwr cukdj Hkstuk
cgqr gh ”k:jh gSA¸
jktk nzqin osQ dg pqdus osQ ckn Jho`Q".k
mBs vkSj cksysµ¶lTtuks! ikapkyjkt us tks
lykg nh gS og fcyoqQy Bhd gSA HkS;k
cyjke th vkSj eq> ij dkSjoksa dk ftruk gd
gS] mruk gh ikaMoksa dk Hkh gSA ge ;gk¡ fdlh
dk i{kikr djus ugha] cfYd mÙkjk osQ fookg
esa 'kkfey gksus osQ fy, vk, gSaA ge vc vius
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 3


58 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
rsjgok¡ cjl iwjk gksus ij ikaMo fojkV dh
jktèkkuh NksM+dj fojkVjkt osQ gh jkT; esa fLFkr
^miIyO;* uked uxj esa tkdj jgus yxsA
vKkrokl dh vofèk iwjh gks pqdh FkhA blfy,
ik¡pksa HkkbZ izdV :i esa jgus yxsA vkxs dk
dk;ZozQe r; djus osQ fy, mUgksaus vius
HkkbZ&caèkqvksa ,oa fe=kksa dks cqykus osQ fy, nwr
HkstsA HkkbZ cyjke] vtZqu dh iRuh lqHknzk rFkk
iq=k vfHkeU;q vkSj ;nqoa'k osQ dbZ ohjkas dks
ysdj Jho`Q".k miIyO; tk igq¡psA banzlsu vkfn
jktk vius&vius jFkksa ij p<+dj miIyO; vk
igq¡psA dkf'kjkt vkSj ohj 'kSO; Hkh viuh nks
v{kkSfg.kh lsuk osQ lkFk vkdj ;qfèkf"Bj osQ
uxj esa igq¡p x,A ikapkyjkt nzqin rhu v{kkSfg.kh
ea=.kk
25
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 59
lsuk yk,A muosQ lkFk f'k[kaMh] nzkSinh dk HkkbZ
èk`"V|qEu vkSj nzkSinh osQ iq=k Hkh vk ig¡qpsA vkSj
Hkh fdrus gh jktk viuh&viuh lsukvksa dks
lkFk ysdj ikaMoksa dh lgk;rk osQ fy, vk x,A
lcls igys vfHkeU;q osQ lkFk mÙkjk dk
fookg fd;k x;kA blosQ ckn fojkVjkt osQ lHkk
Hkou esa lHkh vkxarqd jktk ea=k.kk osQ fy, bd_s
gq,A fojkV osQ ikl Jho`Q".k vkSj ;qfèkf"Bj cSBsA
nzqin osQ ikl cyjke vkSj lkR;fdA vkSj Hkh
fdrus gh izrkih jktk lHkk esa fojkteku FksA lHkk
esa lcosQ vius&vius vklu ij cSB tkus ij
Jho`Q".k mBs vkSj cksysµ¶lEekuuh; caèkqvks vkSj
fe=kks! vkt ge lc ;gk¡ blfy, bd_s gq, gSa
fd oqQN ,sls mik; lkspsa] tks ;qfèkf"Bj vkSj jktk
nq;ksZèku osQ fy, ykHkizn gksa] U;k;ksfpr gksa vkSj
ftuls ikaMoksa rFkk dkSjoksa dk lq;'k c<+sA tks jkT;
;qfèkf"Bj ls Nhuk x;k gS og mudks okil fey
tk,] rks ikaMo 'kkar gks tk,¡xs vkSj nksuksa esa lafèk
gks ldrh gSA esjh jk; esa bl ckjs esa nq;ksZèku osQ
lkFk mfpr jhfr ls ckrphr djosQ mls le>kus
osQ fy, ,d ,sls O;fDr dks nwr cukdj Hkstuk
gksxk] tks loZFkk ;ksX; gksA¸
rc cyjke mBs vkSj cksysµ¶o`Q".k us tks
lykg nh gS] og eq>s U;k;ksfpr yxrh gSA vki
yksx tkurs gh gSa fd oaqQrh osQ iq=kksa dks vkèkk
jkT; feyk FkkA os mls tq, essa gkj x,A vc os
mls fiQj ls izkIr djuk pkgrs gSaaaaA ;fn 'kkafriw.kZ
<ax ls] fcuk ;q¼ fd, gh os viuk jkT; izkIr
dj losaQ] rks mlls u osQoy ikaMoksa cfYd
nq;ksZèku rFkk lkjh iztk dh HkykbZ gh gksxhA¸
cyjke osQ dgus dk lkj ;g Fkk fd
;qfèkf"Bj us tku&cw>dj viuh bPNk ls tqvk
[ksydj jkT; x¡ok;k FkkA mudh bu ckrksa ls
;nqoqQy dk ohj vkSj ikaMoksa dk fgrS"kh lkR;fd
vkxccwyk gks mBkA mlls u jgk x;kA og
mBdj dgus yxkµ¶cyjke th dh ckrsa eq>s
”kjk Hkh U;k;ksfpr ugha ekywe gksrhaA ;qfèkf"Bj
dks vkxzg djosQ tqvk [ksyus ij foo'k fd;k
x;k vkSj [ksy esa diV ls gjk;k x;k FkkA fiQj
Hkh budh lTturk gh Fkh] tks iz.k fuHkkdj
mUgksaus [ksy dh 'krs± iwjh dhaA nq;ksZèku vkSj muosQ
lkFkh tks ;g fpYy&iqdkj epk jgs gSa fd ckjg
eghus iwjs gksus ls igys gh ikaMoksa dks mUgksaus
igpku fy;k gS] ljklj >wB gS vkSj fcyoqQy
vU;k; gSA esjh jk; esa nq;ksZèku cxSj ;q¼ osQ
ekusxk gh ughaA blfy, foyac djuk gekjs fy,
fcyoqQy ukle>h dh ckr gksxhA¸
lkR;fd dh bu n`<+rkiw.kZ vkSj ”kksjnkj ckrksa
ls jktk nzqin cM+s [kq'k gq,A og mBs vkSj
cksysµ¶LkkR;fd us tks dgk] og fcYkoqQy lgh
gSA eSa mudk ”kksjksa ls leFkZu djrk gw¡A 'kY;]
èk`"VosQrq] t;Rlsu] oSQd; vkfn jktkvksa osQ ikl
vHkh ls nwr Hkst nsus pkfg,A bldk eryc ;g
ugha gS fd lqyg dk iz;Ru gh u fd;k tk,]
cfYd esjh jk; esa rks jktk èk`rjk"Vª osQ ikl vHkh
ls fdlh lq;ksX; O;fDr dks nwr cukdj Hkstuk
cgqr gh ”k:jh gSA¸
jktk nzqin osQ dg pqdus osQ ckn Jho`Q".k
mBs vkSj cksysµ¶lTtuks! ikapkyjkt us tks
lykg nh gS og fcyoqQy Bhd gSA HkS;k
cyjke th vkSj eq> ij dkSjoksa dk ftruk gd
gS] mruk gh ikaMoksa dk Hkh gSA ge ;gk¡ fdlh
dk i{kikr djus ugha] cfYd mÙkjk osQ fookg
esa 'kkfey gksus osQ fy, vk, gSaA ge vc vius
Rationalised 2023-24
60 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
LFkku ij okil pys tk,¡xsA (nzqin dh vksj
ns[kdj) nzqinjkt! vki lHkh jktkvksa esa Js"B
gSa] cqf¼ ,oa vk;q esa Hkh cM+s gSaA gekjs fy, rks
vki vkpk;Z osQ leku gSaA èk`rjk"Vª Hkh vkidh
cM+h b””kr djrs gSaA nzks.k vkSj Ñikpk;Z rks
vkiosQ yM+diu osQ lkFkh gSaA blfy, mfpr
rks ;gh gksxk fd tks oqQN nwr dks le>kuk&cq>kuk
gks] og vki gh le>k nsa vkSj mUgsa gfLrukiqj
Hkst nsaA ;fn blosQ ckn nq;ksZèku U;k;ksfpr :i
ls lafèk osQ fy, rS;kj u gks] rks lc yksx lc
rjg ls rS;kj gks tk,¡ vkSj gesa Hkh dgyk
HkstsaA¸
;g fu'p; gks tkus osQ ckn JhÑ".k vius
lkfFk;ksa lfgr }kjdk ykSV x,A fojkV] nzqin]
;qfèkf"Bj vkfn ;q¼ dh rS;kfj;k¡ djus esa yx
x,A pkjksa vksj nwr Hksts x,A lc fe=k&jktkvksa
dks lsuk bd_h djus dk lans'k Hkst fn;k x;kA
ikaMoksa osQ i{k esa jktk yksx viuh&viuh lsuk
lfTtr djus yxsA bèkj ;s rS;kfj;k¡ gksus yxha]
mèkj nq;ksZèku vkfn Hkh pqipki cSBs ugha jgsA os
Hkh ;q¼ dh rS;kfj;ksa esa th&tku ls yx x,A
mUgksaus vius fe=kksa osQ ;gk¡ nwrksa }kjk lans'k Hksts]
ftlls lsuk,¡ bd_h dh tk losaQA bl rjg
lkjk Hkkjro"kZ vkxkeh ;q¼ osQ dksykgy ls
xw¡tus yxkA
'kkafr&ppkZ osQ fy, gfLrukiqj dks nwr
Hkstus osQ ckn ikaMo vkSj muosQ fe=k jktkx.k
”kksjksa ls ;q¼ dh rS;kjh esa tqV x,A JhÑ".k osQ
ikl vtqZu Lo;a igq¡pkA bèkj nq;ksZèku dks Hkh
bl ckr dh [kcj fey xbZ fd mÙkjk osQ
fookg ls fuo`Ùk gksdj JhÑ".k }kjdk ykSV x,
gSa] lks og Hkh }kjdk dks jokuk gks x;kA la;ksx
dh ckr gS fd ftl fnu vtqZu }kjdk igq¡pk]
Bhd mlh fnu nq;ksZèku Hkh ogk¡ igq¡pkA JhÑ".k
osQ Hkou esa Hkh nksuksa ,d lkFk gh izfo"V gq,A
JhÑ".k ml le; vkjke dj jgs FksA vtqZu
vkSj nq;ksZèku nksuksa gh muosQ fudV lacaèkh FksA
blfy, nksuksa gh cs[kVosQ 'k;ukxkj esa pys x,A
nq;ksZèku vkxs Fkk] vtqZu ”kjk ihNsA dejs esa
izos'k djosQ nq;ksZèku JhÑ".k osQ fljgkus ,d
Å¡ps vklu ij tk cSBkA vtqZu JhÑ".k osQ
iSrkus gh gkFk tksM+s [kM+k jgkA JhÑ".k dh uhan
[kqyh] rks mUgksaus lkeus vtqZu dks [kM+s ns[kkA
mUgksaus mBdj mldk Lokxr fd;k vkSj oqQ'ky
iwNhA ckn esa ?kwedj vklu ij cSBs nq;ksZèku dks
ns[kk] rks mldk Hkh Lokxr fd;k vkSj
oqQ'ky&lekpkj iwNsA mlosQ ckn nksuksa osQ vkus
dk dkj.k iwNkA
nq;ksZèku tYnh ls igys cksykµ¶JhÑ".k]
,slk ekywe gksrk gS fd gekjs vkSj ikaMoksa osQ
chp tYnh gh ;q¼ fNM+sxkA ;fn ,slk gqvk] rks
eSa vkils izkFkZuk djus vk;k gw¡ fd vki esjh
lgk;rk djsaA lkekU;r% ;g fu;e gS fd tks
igys vk,] mldk dke igys gksA vki fo}Ttuksa
esa Js"B gSaA vki lcosQ iFk&izn'kZd gSaA vr%
cM+ksa dh pykbZ gqbZ izFkk ij pysa vkSj igys
esjh lgk;rk djsaA¸
;g lqudj JhÑ".k cksysµ¶jktu~! vki
igys igq¡ps ”k:j] ysfdu eSaus rks igys vtqZu
dks gh ns[kk FkkA esjh fuxkg esa rks nksuksa gh
cjkcj gSaA blfy, drZO;Hkko ls eSa nksuksa dh gh
leku :i ls lgk;rk d: ¡ xkA iwoZtksa dh pykbZ
gqbZ izFkk ;g gS fd tks vk;q esa NksVk gks] mlh
dks igys iqjLdkj nsuk pkfg,A vtqZu vkils
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 4


58 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
rsjgok¡ cjl iwjk gksus ij ikaMo fojkV dh
jktèkkuh NksM+dj fojkVjkt osQ gh jkT; esa fLFkr
^miIyO;* uked uxj esa tkdj jgus yxsA
vKkrokl dh vofèk iwjh gks pqdh FkhA blfy,
ik¡pksa HkkbZ izdV :i esa jgus yxsA vkxs dk
dk;ZozQe r; djus osQ fy, mUgksaus vius
HkkbZ&caèkqvksa ,oa fe=kksa dks cqykus osQ fy, nwr
HkstsA HkkbZ cyjke] vtZqu dh iRuh lqHknzk rFkk
iq=k vfHkeU;q vkSj ;nqoa'k osQ dbZ ohjkas dks
ysdj Jho`Q".k miIyO; tk igq¡psA banzlsu vkfn
jktk vius&vius jFkksa ij p<+dj miIyO; vk
igq¡psA dkf'kjkt vkSj ohj 'kSO; Hkh viuh nks
v{kkSfg.kh lsuk osQ lkFk vkdj ;qfèkf"Bj osQ
uxj esa igq¡p x,A ikapkyjkt nzqin rhu v{kkSfg.kh
ea=.kk
25
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 59
lsuk yk,A muosQ lkFk f'k[kaMh] nzkSinh dk HkkbZ
èk`"V|qEu vkSj nzkSinh osQ iq=k Hkh vk ig¡qpsA vkSj
Hkh fdrus gh jktk viuh&viuh lsukvksa dks
lkFk ysdj ikaMoksa dh lgk;rk osQ fy, vk x,A
lcls igys vfHkeU;q osQ lkFk mÙkjk dk
fookg fd;k x;kA blosQ ckn fojkVjkt osQ lHkk
Hkou esa lHkh vkxarqd jktk ea=k.kk osQ fy, bd_s
gq,A fojkV osQ ikl Jho`Q".k vkSj ;qfèkf"Bj cSBsA
nzqin osQ ikl cyjke vkSj lkR;fdA vkSj Hkh
fdrus gh izrkih jktk lHkk esa fojkteku FksA lHkk
esa lcosQ vius&vius vklu ij cSB tkus ij
Jho`Q".k mBs vkSj cksysµ¶lEekuuh; caèkqvks vkSj
fe=kks! vkt ge lc ;gk¡ blfy, bd_s gq, gSa
fd oqQN ,sls mik; lkspsa] tks ;qfèkf"Bj vkSj jktk
nq;ksZèku osQ fy, ykHkizn gksa] U;k;ksfpr gksa vkSj
ftuls ikaMoksa rFkk dkSjoksa dk lq;'k c<+sA tks jkT;
;qfèkf"Bj ls Nhuk x;k gS og mudks okil fey
tk,] rks ikaMo 'kkar gks tk,¡xs vkSj nksuksa esa lafèk
gks ldrh gSA esjh jk; esa bl ckjs esa nq;ksZèku osQ
lkFk mfpr jhfr ls ckrphr djosQ mls le>kus
osQ fy, ,d ,sls O;fDr dks nwr cukdj Hkstuk
gksxk] tks loZFkk ;ksX; gksA¸
rc cyjke mBs vkSj cksysµ¶o`Q".k us tks
lykg nh gS] og eq>s U;k;ksfpr yxrh gSA vki
yksx tkurs gh gSa fd oaqQrh osQ iq=kksa dks vkèkk
jkT; feyk FkkA os mls tq, essa gkj x,A vc os
mls fiQj ls izkIr djuk pkgrs gSaaaaA ;fn 'kkafriw.kZ
<ax ls] fcuk ;q¼ fd, gh os viuk jkT; izkIr
dj losaQ] rks mlls u osQoy ikaMoksa cfYd
nq;ksZèku rFkk lkjh iztk dh HkykbZ gh gksxhA¸
cyjke osQ dgus dk lkj ;g Fkk fd
;qfèkf"Bj us tku&cw>dj viuh bPNk ls tqvk
[ksydj jkT; x¡ok;k FkkA mudh bu ckrksa ls
;nqoqQy dk ohj vkSj ikaMoksa dk fgrS"kh lkR;fd
vkxccwyk gks mBkA mlls u jgk x;kA og
mBdj dgus yxkµ¶cyjke th dh ckrsa eq>s
”kjk Hkh U;k;ksfpr ugha ekywe gksrhaA ;qfèkf"Bj
dks vkxzg djosQ tqvk [ksyus ij foo'k fd;k
x;k vkSj [ksy esa diV ls gjk;k x;k FkkA fiQj
Hkh budh lTturk gh Fkh] tks iz.k fuHkkdj
mUgksaus [ksy dh 'krs± iwjh dhaA nq;ksZèku vkSj muosQ
lkFkh tks ;g fpYy&iqdkj epk jgs gSa fd ckjg
eghus iwjs gksus ls igys gh ikaMoksa dks mUgksaus
igpku fy;k gS] ljklj >wB gS vkSj fcyoqQy
vU;k; gSA esjh jk; esa nq;ksZèku cxSj ;q¼ osQ
ekusxk gh ughaA blfy, foyac djuk gekjs fy,
fcyoqQy ukle>h dh ckr gksxhA¸
lkR;fd dh bu n`<+rkiw.kZ vkSj ”kksjnkj ckrksa
ls jktk nzqin cM+s [kq'k gq,A og mBs vkSj
cksysµ¶LkkR;fd us tks dgk] og fcYkoqQy lgh
gSA eSa mudk ”kksjksa ls leFkZu djrk gw¡A 'kY;]
èk`"VosQrq] t;Rlsu] oSQd; vkfn jktkvksa osQ ikl
vHkh ls nwr Hkst nsus pkfg,A bldk eryc ;g
ugha gS fd lqyg dk iz;Ru gh u fd;k tk,]
cfYd esjh jk; esa rks jktk èk`rjk"Vª osQ ikl vHkh
ls fdlh lq;ksX; O;fDr dks nwr cukdj Hkstuk
cgqr gh ”k:jh gSA¸
jktk nzqin osQ dg pqdus osQ ckn Jho`Q".k
mBs vkSj cksysµ¶lTtuks! ikapkyjkt us tks
lykg nh gS og fcyoqQy Bhd gSA HkS;k
cyjke th vkSj eq> ij dkSjoksa dk ftruk gd
gS] mruk gh ikaMoksa dk Hkh gSA ge ;gk¡ fdlh
dk i{kikr djus ugha] cfYd mÙkjk osQ fookg
esa 'kkfey gksus osQ fy, vk, gSaA ge vc vius
Rationalised 2023-24
60 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
LFkku ij okil pys tk,¡xsA (nzqin dh vksj
ns[kdj) nzqinjkt! vki lHkh jktkvksa esa Js"B
gSa] cqf¼ ,oa vk;q esa Hkh cM+s gSaA gekjs fy, rks
vki vkpk;Z osQ leku gSaA èk`rjk"Vª Hkh vkidh
cM+h b””kr djrs gSaA nzks.k vkSj Ñikpk;Z rks
vkiosQ yM+diu osQ lkFkh gSaA blfy, mfpr
rks ;gh gksxk fd tks oqQN nwr dks le>kuk&cq>kuk
gks] og vki gh le>k nsa vkSj mUgsa gfLrukiqj
Hkst nsaA ;fn blosQ ckn nq;ksZèku U;k;ksfpr :i
ls lafèk osQ fy, rS;kj u gks] rks lc yksx lc
rjg ls rS;kj gks tk,¡ vkSj gesa Hkh dgyk
HkstsaA¸
;g fu'p; gks tkus osQ ckn JhÑ".k vius
lkfFk;ksa lfgr }kjdk ykSV x,A fojkV] nzqin]
;qfèkf"Bj vkfn ;q¼ dh rS;kfj;k¡ djus esa yx
x,A pkjksa vksj nwr Hksts x,A lc fe=k&jktkvksa
dks lsuk bd_h djus dk lans'k Hkst fn;k x;kA
ikaMoksa osQ i{k esa jktk yksx viuh&viuh lsuk
lfTtr djus yxsA bèkj ;s rS;kfj;k¡ gksus yxha]
mèkj nq;ksZèku vkfn Hkh pqipki cSBs ugha jgsA os
Hkh ;q¼ dh rS;kfj;ksa esa th&tku ls yx x,A
mUgksaus vius fe=kksa osQ ;gk¡ nwrksa }kjk lans'k Hksts]
ftlls lsuk,¡ bd_h dh tk losaQA bl rjg
lkjk Hkkjro"kZ vkxkeh ;q¼ osQ dksykgy ls
xw¡tus yxkA
'kkafr&ppkZ osQ fy, gfLrukiqj dks nwr
Hkstus osQ ckn ikaMo vkSj muosQ fe=k jktkx.k
”kksjksa ls ;q¼ dh rS;kjh esa tqV x,A JhÑ".k osQ
ikl vtqZu Lo;a igq¡pkA bèkj nq;ksZèku dks Hkh
bl ckr dh [kcj fey xbZ fd mÙkjk osQ
fookg ls fuo`Ùk gksdj JhÑ".k }kjdk ykSV x,
gSa] lks og Hkh }kjdk dks jokuk gks x;kA la;ksx
dh ckr gS fd ftl fnu vtqZu }kjdk igq¡pk]
Bhd mlh fnu nq;ksZèku Hkh ogk¡ igq¡pkA JhÑ".k
osQ Hkou esa Hkh nksuksa ,d lkFk gh izfo"V gq,A
JhÑ".k ml le; vkjke dj jgs FksA vtqZu
vkSj nq;ksZèku nksuksa gh muosQ fudV lacaèkh FksA
blfy, nksuksa gh cs[kVosQ 'k;ukxkj esa pys x,A
nq;ksZèku vkxs Fkk] vtqZu ”kjk ihNsA dejs esa
izos'k djosQ nq;ksZèku JhÑ".k osQ fljgkus ,d
Å¡ps vklu ij tk cSBkA vtqZu JhÑ".k osQ
iSrkus gh gkFk tksM+s [kM+k jgkA JhÑ".k dh uhan
[kqyh] rks mUgksaus lkeus vtqZu dks [kM+s ns[kkA
mUgksaus mBdj mldk Lokxr fd;k vkSj oqQ'ky
iwNhA ckn esa ?kwedj vklu ij cSBs nq;ksZèku dks
ns[kk] rks mldk Hkh Lokxr fd;k vkSj
oqQ'ky&lekpkj iwNsA mlosQ ckn nksuksa osQ vkus
dk dkj.k iwNkA
nq;ksZèku tYnh ls igys cksykµ¶JhÑ".k]
,slk ekywe gksrk gS fd gekjs vkSj ikaMoksa osQ
chp tYnh gh ;q¼ fNM+sxkA ;fn ,slk gqvk] rks
eSa vkils izkFkZuk djus vk;k gw¡ fd vki esjh
lgk;rk djsaA lkekU;r% ;g fu;e gS fd tks
igys vk,] mldk dke igys gksA vki fo}Ttuksa
esa Js"B gSaA vki lcosQ iFk&izn'kZd gSaA vr%
cM+ksa dh pykbZ gqbZ izFkk ij pysa vkSj igys
esjh lgk;rk djsaA¸
;g lqudj JhÑ".k cksysµ¶jktu~! vki
igys igq¡ps ”k:j] ysfdu eSaus rks igys vtqZu
dks gh ns[kk FkkA esjh fuxkg esa rks nksuksa gh
cjkcj gSaA blfy, drZO;Hkko ls eSa nksuksa dh gh
leku :i ls lgk;rk d: ¡ xkA iwoZtksa dh pykbZ
gqbZ izFkk ;g gS fd tks vk;q esa NksVk gks] mlh
dks igys iqjLdkj nsuk pkfg,A vtqZu vkils
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 61
vk;q esa NksVk gSA blfy, eSa igys mlls gh
iwNrk gw¡ fd og D;k pkgrk gS\¸
vtqZu dh rjI
+
kQ eqM+dj JhÑ".k cksysµ¶ikFkZ!
lquks! esjs oa'k osQ yksx ukjk;.k dgykrs gSaA os
cM+s lkglh vkSj ohj Hkh gSaA mudh ,d Hkkjh
lsuk bd_h dh tk ldrh gSA esjh ;g lsuk ,d
rjI
+
kQ gksxhA nwljh rjI
+
kQ vosQyk eSa jgw¡xkA esjh
izfrKk ;g Hkh gS fd ;q¼ esa eSa u rks gfFk;kj
mBkm¡Qxk vkSj u gh yM+¡
w
xkA rqe Hkyh&Hkk¡fr
lksp yks] rc fu.kZ; djksA bu nks esa ls tks ilan
gks] og ys yksA¸
fcuk fdlh fgpfdpkgV osQ vtqZu cksykµ
¶vki 'kL=k mBk,¡ ;k u mBk,¡] vki pkgs yM+sa
;k u yM+sa] eSa rks vkidks gh pkgrk gw¡A¸
nq;ksZèku osQ vkuan dh lhek u jghA og
lkspus yxk fd vtqZu us [kwc èkks[kk [kk;k vkSj
JhÑ".k dh og yk[kksa ohjksaokyh Hkkjh&Hkjde
lsuk lgt esa gh mlosQ gkFk vk xbZA ;g lksprk
vkSj g"kZ ls iwQyk u lekrk nq;ksZèku cyjke ths
osQ ;gk¡ igq¡pk vkSj mudks lkjk gky dg lquk;kA
cyjke th us nq;ksZèku dh ckrsa è;ku ls lquha vkSj
cksysµ¶nq;ksZèku! ekywe gksrk gS fd mÙkjk osQ
fookg osQ volj ij eSaus tks oqQN dgk Fkk
mldh [kcj rqEgsa fey xbZ gSA Ñ".k ls Hkh eSaus
dbZ ckj rqEgkjh ckr NsM+h vkSj mldks le>krk
jgk fd dkSjo vkSj ikaMo nksuksa gh gekjs cjkcj
osQ lacaèkh gSaA ¯drq Ñ".k esjh lqus rc u! eSaus
fu'p; dj fy;k gS fd eSa ;q¼ esa rVLFk jgw¡xk]
D;ksafd ftèkj Ñ".k u gks] ml rjI
+
kQ esjk jguk
Bhd ugha gSA vtqZu dh lgk;rk eSa d:¡ xk ugha]
bl dkj.k eSa vc rqEgkjh Hkh lgk;rk djus ;ksX;
ugha jgkA esjk rVLFk jguk gh Bhd gksxkA¸
gfLrukiqj dks ykSVrs gq, nq;ksZèku dk fny
cfYy;ksa mNy jgk FkkA og lksp jgk Fkk fd
vtqZu cM+k cq¼w cukA }kjdk dh bruh cM+h
lsuk vc esjh gks xbZ gS vkSj cyjke th dk
Lusg rks eq> ij gS ghA JhÑ".k Hkh fu%'kL=k
vkSj lsukfoghu gks x,A ;gh lksprs&fopkjrs
nq;ksZèku [kq'kh&[kq'kh viuh jktèkkuh esa vk igq¡pkA
Ñ".k us iwNkµ¶l[kk vtqZu! ,d ckr
crkvksA rqeus lsuk&cy osQ ctk, eq> fu%'kL=k
dks D;ksa ilan fd;k\¸
vtqZu cksykµ¶ckr ;g gS fd vki esa og
'kfDr gS fd ftlls vki vosQys gh bu reke
jktkvksa ls yM+dj bUgsa oqQpy ldrs gSaA¸
vtZqu dh ckr lqudj Ñ".k eqloQjk,
vkSj cksysµ¶vPNk] ;g ckr gS!¸ vkSj vtqZu
dks cM+s izse ls fonk fd;kA bl izdkj JhÑ".k
vtqZu osQ lkjFkh cus vkSj ikFkZ&lkjFkh dh
inoh izkIr dhA
enz ns'k osQ jktk 'kY;] uoqQy&lgnso dh
ek¡ eknzh osQ HkkbZ FksA tc mUgsa ;g [kcj feyh
fd ikaMo miIyO; osQ uxj esa ;q¼ dh rS;kfj;k¡
dj jgs gSa] rks mUgksaus ,d Hkkjh lsuk bd_h dh
vkSj mls ysdj ikaMoksa dh lgk;rk osQ fy,
miIyO; dh vksj jokuk gks x,A
jktk 'kY; dh lsuk cgqr cM+h FkhA miIyO;
dh vksj tkrs gq, jkLrs esa tgk¡ dgha Hkh 'kY;
foJke djus osQ fy, Msjk Mkyrs Fks] rks mudh
lsuk dk iM+ko dksbZ Ms<+ ;kstu rd yack iSQy
tkrk FkkA
tc nq;ksZèku us lquk fd jktk 'kY; fo'kky
lsuk ysdj ikaMoksa dh lgk;rk osQ fy, tk jgs
gSa] rks mlus fdlh izdkj bl lsuk dks viuh
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 5


58 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
rsjgok¡ cjl iwjk gksus ij ikaMo fojkV dh
jktèkkuh NksM+dj fojkVjkt osQ gh jkT; esa fLFkr
^miIyO;* uked uxj esa tkdj jgus yxsA
vKkrokl dh vofèk iwjh gks pqdh FkhA blfy,
ik¡pksa HkkbZ izdV :i esa jgus yxsA vkxs dk
dk;ZozQe r; djus osQ fy, mUgksaus vius
HkkbZ&caèkqvksa ,oa fe=kksa dks cqykus osQ fy, nwr
HkstsA HkkbZ cyjke] vtZqu dh iRuh lqHknzk rFkk
iq=k vfHkeU;q vkSj ;nqoa'k osQ dbZ ohjkas dks
ysdj Jho`Q".k miIyO; tk igq¡psA banzlsu vkfn
jktk vius&vius jFkksa ij p<+dj miIyO; vk
igq¡psA dkf'kjkt vkSj ohj 'kSO; Hkh viuh nks
v{kkSfg.kh lsuk osQ lkFk vkdj ;qfèkf"Bj osQ
uxj esa igq¡p x,A ikapkyjkt nzqin rhu v{kkSfg.kh
ea=.kk
25
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 59
lsuk yk,A muosQ lkFk f'k[kaMh] nzkSinh dk HkkbZ
èk`"V|qEu vkSj nzkSinh osQ iq=k Hkh vk ig¡qpsA vkSj
Hkh fdrus gh jktk viuh&viuh lsukvksa dks
lkFk ysdj ikaMoksa dh lgk;rk osQ fy, vk x,A
lcls igys vfHkeU;q osQ lkFk mÙkjk dk
fookg fd;k x;kA blosQ ckn fojkVjkt osQ lHkk
Hkou esa lHkh vkxarqd jktk ea=k.kk osQ fy, bd_s
gq,A fojkV osQ ikl Jho`Q".k vkSj ;qfèkf"Bj cSBsA
nzqin osQ ikl cyjke vkSj lkR;fdA vkSj Hkh
fdrus gh izrkih jktk lHkk esa fojkteku FksA lHkk
esa lcosQ vius&vius vklu ij cSB tkus ij
Jho`Q".k mBs vkSj cksysµ¶lEekuuh; caèkqvks vkSj
fe=kks! vkt ge lc ;gk¡ blfy, bd_s gq, gSa
fd oqQN ,sls mik; lkspsa] tks ;qfèkf"Bj vkSj jktk
nq;ksZèku osQ fy, ykHkizn gksa] U;k;ksfpr gksa vkSj
ftuls ikaMoksa rFkk dkSjoksa dk lq;'k c<+sA tks jkT;
;qfèkf"Bj ls Nhuk x;k gS og mudks okil fey
tk,] rks ikaMo 'kkar gks tk,¡xs vkSj nksuksa esa lafèk
gks ldrh gSA esjh jk; esa bl ckjs esa nq;ksZèku osQ
lkFk mfpr jhfr ls ckrphr djosQ mls le>kus
osQ fy, ,d ,sls O;fDr dks nwr cukdj Hkstuk
gksxk] tks loZFkk ;ksX; gksA¸
rc cyjke mBs vkSj cksysµ¶o`Q".k us tks
lykg nh gS] og eq>s U;k;ksfpr yxrh gSA vki
yksx tkurs gh gSa fd oaqQrh osQ iq=kksa dks vkèkk
jkT; feyk FkkA os mls tq, essa gkj x,A vc os
mls fiQj ls izkIr djuk pkgrs gSaaaaA ;fn 'kkafriw.kZ
<ax ls] fcuk ;q¼ fd, gh os viuk jkT; izkIr
dj losaQ] rks mlls u osQoy ikaMoksa cfYd
nq;ksZèku rFkk lkjh iztk dh HkykbZ gh gksxhA¸
cyjke osQ dgus dk lkj ;g Fkk fd
;qfèkf"Bj us tku&cw>dj viuh bPNk ls tqvk
[ksydj jkT; x¡ok;k FkkA mudh bu ckrksa ls
;nqoqQy dk ohj vkSj ikaMoksa dk fgrS"kh lkR;fd
vkxccwyk gks mBkA mlls u jgk x;kA og
mBdj dgus yxkµ¶cyjke th dh ckrsa eq>s
”kjk Hkh U;k;ksfpr ugha ekywe gksrhaA ;qfèkf"Bj
dks vkxzg djosQ tqvk [ksyus ij foo'k fd;k
x;k vkSj [ksy esa diV ls gjk;k x;k FkkA fiQj
Hkh budh lTturk gh Fkh] tks iz.k fuHkkdj
mUgksaus [ksy dh 'krs± iwjh dhaA nq;ksZèku vkSj muosQ
lkFkh tks ;g fpYy&iqdkj epk jgs gSa fd ckjg
eghus iwjs gksus ls igys gh ikaMoksa dks mUgksaus
igpku fy;k gS] ljklj >wB gS vkSj fcyoqQy
vU;k; gSA esjh jk; esa nq;ksZèku cxSj ;q¼ osQ
ekusxk gh ughaA blfy, foyac djuk gekjs fy,
fcyoqQy ukle>h dh ckr gksxhA¸
lkR;fd dh bu n`<+rkiw.kZ vkSj ”kksjnkj ckrksa
ls jktk nzqin cM+s [kq'k gq,A og mBs vkSj
cksysµ¶LkkR;fd us tks dgk] og fcYkoqQy lgh
gSA eSa mudk ”kksjksa ls leFkZu djrk gw¡A 'kY;]
èk`"VosQrq] t;Rlsu] oSQd; vkfn jktkvksa osQ ikl
vHkh ls nwr Hkst nsus pkfg,A bldk eryc ;g
ugha gS fd lqyg dk iz;Ru gh u fd;k tk,]
cfYd esjh jk; esa rks jktk èk`rjk"Vª osQ ikl vHkh
ls fdlh lq;ksX; O;fDr dks nwr cukdj Hkstuk
cgqr gh ”k:jh gSA¸
jktk nzqin osQ dg pqdus osQ ckn Jho`Q".k
mBs vkSj cksysµ¶lTtuks! ikapkyjkt us tks
lykg nh gS og fcyoqQy Bhd gSA HkS;k
cyjke th vkSj eq> ij dkSjoksa dk ftruk gd
gS] mruk gh ikaMoksa dk Hkh gSA ge ;gk¡ fdlh
dk i{kikr djus ugha] cfYd mÙkjk osQ fookg
esa 'kkfey gksus osQ fy, vk, gSaA ge vc vius
Rationalised 2023-24
60 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
LFkku ij okil pys tk,¡xsA (nzqin dh vksj
ns[kdj) nzqinjkt! vki lHkh jktkvksa esa Js"B
gSa] cqf¼ ,oa vk;q esa Hkh cM+s gSaA gekjs fy, rks
vki vkpk;Z osQ leku gSaA èk`rjk"Vª Hkh vkidh
cM+h b””kr djrs gSaA nzks.k vkSj Ñikpk;Z rks
vkiosQ yM+diu osQ lkFkh gSaA blfy, mfpr
rks ;gh gksxk fd tks oqQN nwr dks le>kuk&cq>kuk
gks] og vki gh le>k nsa vkSj mUgsa gfLrukiqj
Hkst nsaA ;fn blosQ ckn nq;ksZèku U;k;ksfpr :i
ls lafèk osQ fy, rS;kj u gks] rks lc yksx lc
rjg ls rS;kj gks tk,¡ vkSj gesa Hkh dgyk
HkstsaA¸
;g fu'p; gks tkus osQ ckn JhÑ".k vius
lkfFk;ksa lfgr }kjdk ykSV x,A fojkV] nzqin]
;qfèkf"Bj vkfn ;q¼ dh rS;kfj;k¡ djus esa yx
x,A pkjksa vksj nwr Hksts x,A lc fe=k&jktkvksa
dks lsuk bd_h djus dk lans'k Hkst fn;k x;kA
ikaMoksa osQ i{k esa jktk yksx viuh&viuh lsuk
lfTtr djus yxsA bèkj ;s rS;kfj;k¡ gksus yxha]
mèkj nq;ksZèku vkfn Hkh pqipki cSBs ugha jgsA os
Hkh ;q¼ dh rS;kfj;ksa esa th&tku ls yx x,A
mUgksaus vius fe=kksa osQ ;gk¡ nwrksa }kjk lans'k Hksts]
ftlls lsuk,¡ bd_h dh tk losaQA bl rjg
lkjk Hkkjro"kZ vkxkeh ;q¼ osQ dksykgy ls
xw¡tus yxkA
'kkafr&ppkZ osQ fy, gfLrukiqj dks nwr
Hkstus osQ ckn ikaMo vkSj muosQ fe=k jktkx.k
”kksjksa ls ;q¼ dh rS;kjh esa tqV x,A JhÑ".k osQ
ikl vtqZu Lo;a igq¡pkA bèkj nq;ksZèku dks Hkh
bl ckr dh [kcj fey xbZ fd mÙkjk osQ
fookg ls fuo`Ùk gksdj JhÑ".k }kjdk ykSV x,
gSa] lks og Hkh }kjdk dks jokuk gks x;kA la;ksx
dh ckr gS fd ftl fnu vtqZu }kjdk igq¡pk]
Bhd mlh fnu nq;ksZèku Hkh ogk¡ igq¡pkA JhÑ".k
osQ Hkou esa Hkh nksuksa ,d lkFk gh izfo"V gq,A
JhÑ".k ml le; vkjke dj jgs FksA vtqZu
vkSj nq;ksZèku nksuksa gh muosQ fudV lacaèkh FksA
blfy, nksuksa gh cs[kVosQ 'k;ukxkj esa pys x,A
nq;ksZèku vkxs Fkk] vtqZu ”kjk ihNsA dejs esa
izos'k djosQ nq;ksZèku JhÑ".k osQ fljgkus ,d
Å¡ps vklu ij tk cSBkA vtqZu JhÑ".k osQ
iSrkus gh gkFk tksM+s [kM+k jgkA JhÑ".k dh uhan
[kqyh] rks mUgksaus lkeus vtqZu dks [kM+s ns[kkA
mUgksaus mBdj mldk Lokxr fd;k vkSj oqQ'ky
iwNhA ckn esa ?kwedj vklu ij cSBs nq;ksZèku dks
ns[kk] rks mldk Hkh Lokxr fd;k vkSj
oqQ'ky&lekpkj iwNsA mlosQ ckn nksuksa osQ vkus
dk dkj.k iwNkA
nq;ksZèku tYnh ls igys cksykµ¶JhÑ".k]
,slk ekywe gksrk gS fd gekjs vkSj ikaMoksa osQ
chp tYnh gh ;q¼ fNM+sxkA ;fn ,slk gqvk] rks
eSa vkils izkFkZuk djus vk;k gw¡ fd vki esjh
lgk;rk djsaA lkekU;r% ;g fu;e gS fd tks
igys vk,] mldk dke igys gksA vki fo}Ttuksa
esa Js"B gSaA vki lcosQ iFk&izn'kZd gSaA vr%
cM+ksa dh pykbZ gqbZ izFkk ij pysa vkSj igys
esjh lgk;rk djsaA¸
;g lqudj JhÑ".k cksysµ¶jktu~! vki
igys igq¡ps ”k:j] ysfdu eSaus rks igys vtqZu
dks gh ns[kk FkkA esjh fuxkg esa rks nksuksa gh
cjkcj gSaA blfy, drZO;Hkko ls eSa nksuksa dh gh
leku :i ls lgk;rk d: ¡ xkA iwoZtksa dh pykbZ
gqbZ izFkk ;g gS fd tks vk;q esa NksVk gks] mlh
dks igys iqjLdkj nsuk pkfg,A vtqZu vkils
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 61
vk;q esa NksVk gSA blfy, eSa igys mlls gh
iwNrk gw¡ fd og D;k pkgrk gS\¸
vtqZu dh rjI
+
kQ eqM+dj JhÑ".k cksysµ¶ikFkZ!
lquks! esjs oa'k osQ yksx ukjk;.k dgykrs gSaA os
cM+s lkglh vkSj ohj Hkh gSaA mudh ,d Hkkjh
lsuk bd_h dh tk ldrh gSA esjh ;g lsuk ,d
rjI
+
kQ gksxhA nwljh rjI
+
kQ vosQyk eSa jgw¡xkA esjh
izfrKk ;g Hkh gS fd ;q¼ esa eSa u rks gfFk;kj
mBkm¡Qxk vkSj u gh yM+¡
w
xkA rqe Hkyh&Hkk¡fr
lksp yks] rc fu.kZ; djksA bu nks esa ls tks ilan
gks] og ys yksA¸
fcuk fdlh fgpfdpkgV osQ vtqZu cksykµ
¶vki 'kL=k mBk,¡ ;k u mBk,¡] vki pkgs yM+sa
;k u yM+sa] eSa rks vkidks gh pkgrk gw¡A¸
nq;ksZèku osQ vkuan dh lhek u jghA og
lkspus yxk fd vtqZu us [kwc èkks[kk [kk;k vkSj
JhÑ".k dh og yk[kksa ohjksaokyh Hkkjh&Hkjde
lsuk lgt esa gh mlosQ gkFk vk xbZA ;g lksprk
vkSj g"kZ ls iwQyk u lekrk nq;ksZèku cyjke ths
osQ ;gk¡ igq¡pk vkSj mudks lkjk gky dg lquk;kA
cyjke th us nq;ksZèku dh ckrsa è;ku ls lquha vkSj
cksysµ¶nq;ksZèku! ekywe gksrk gS fd mÙkjk osQ
fookg osQ volj ij eSaus tks oqQN dgk Fkk
mldh [kcj rqEgsa fey xbZ gSA Ñ".k ls Hkh eSaus
dbZ ckj rqEgkjh ckr NsM+h vkSj mldks le>krk
jgk fd dkSjo vkSj ikaMo nksuksa gh gekjs cjkcj
osQ lacaèkh gSaA ¯drq Ñ".k esjh lqus rc u! eSaus
fu'p; dj fy;k gS fd eSa ;q¼ esa rVLFk jgw¡xk]
D;ksafd ftèkj Ñ".k u gks] ml rjI
+
kQ esjk jguk
Bhd ugha gSA vtqZu dh lgk;rk eSa d:¡ xk ugha]
bl dkj.k eSa vc rqEgkjh Hkh lgk;rk djus ;ksX;
ugha jgkA esjk rVLFk jguk gh Bhd gksxkA¸
gfLrukiqj dks ykSVrs gq, nq;ksZèku dk fny
cfYy;ksa mNy jgk FkkA og lksp jgk Fkk fd
vtqZu cM+k cq¼w cukA }kjdk dh bruh cM+h
lsuk vc esjh gks xbZ gS vkSj cyjke th dk
Lusg rks eq> ij gS ghA JhÑ".k Hkh fu%'kL=k
vkSj lsukfoghu gks x,A ;gh lksprs&fopkjrs
nq;ksZèku [kq'kh&[kq'kh viuh jktèkkuh esa vk igq¡pkA
Ñ".k us iwNkµ¶l[kk vtqZu! ,d ckr
crkvksA rqeus lsuk&cy osQ ctk, eq> fu%'kL=k
dks D;ksa ilan fd;k\¸
vtqZu cksykµ¶ckr ;g gS fd vki esa og
'kfDr gS fd ftlls vki vosQys gh bu reke
jktkvksa ls yM+dj bUgsa oqQpy ldrs gSaA¸
vtZqu dh ckr lqudj Ñ".k eqloQjk,
vkSj cksysµ¶vPNk] ;g ckr gS!¸ vkSj vtqZu
dks cM+s izse ls fonk fd;kA bl izdkj JhÑ".k
vtqZu osQ lkjFkh cus vkSj ikFkZ&lkjFkh dh
inoh izkIr dhA
enz ns'k osQ jktk 'kY;] uoqQy&lgnso dh
ek¡ eknzh osQ HkkbZ FksA tc mUgsa ;g [kcj feyh
fd ikaMo miIyO; osQ uxj esa ;q¼ dh rS;kfj;k¡
dj jgs gSa] rks mUgksaus ,d Hkkjh lsuk bd_h dh
vkSj mls ysdj ikaMoksa dh lgk;rk osQ fy,
miIyO; dh vksj jokuk gks x,A
jktk 'kY; dh lsuk cgqr cM+h FkhA miIyO;
dh vksj tkrs gq, jkLrs esa tgk¡ dgha Hkh 'kY;
foJke djus osQ fy, Msjk Mkyrs Fks] rks mudh
lsuk dk iM+ko dksbZ Ms<+ ;kstu rd yack iSQy
tkrk FkkA
tc nq;ksZèku us lquk fd jktk 'kY; fo'kky
lsuk ysdj ikaMoksa dh lgk;rk osQ fy, tk jgs
gSa] rks mlus fdlh izdkj bl lsuk dks viuh
Rationalised 2023-24
62 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
 
 
vksj dj ysus dk fu'p; dj fy;kA vius
oqQ'ky deZpkfj;ksa dks mlus vkKk nh fd jkLrs
esa tgk¡ dgha Hkh jktk 'kY; vkSj mudh lsuk
Msjk Mkys] mls gj rjg dh lqfoèkk igq¡pkbZ
tk,A 'kY; ij nq;ksZèku osQ vknj&lRdkj dk
oqQN ,slk vlj gqvk fd mUgksaus iq=kksa osQ leku
I;kj djus ;ksX; Hkkutksa (ikaMoksa) dks NksM+
fn;k vkSj nq;ksZèku osQ i{k esa jgdj ;q¼ djus
dk opu ns fn;kA miIyO; esa jktk 'kY; dk
[kwc Lokxr fd;k x;kA ekek dks vk;k ns[kdj
uoqQy vkSj lgnso osQ vkuan dh rks lhek gh
u jghA tc Hkkoh ;q¼ dh ppkZ fNM+h] rks
'kY; us ;qfèkf"Bj dks crk;k fd fdl izdkj
nq;ksZèku us èkks[kk nsdj mudks vius i{k esa dj
fy;k gSA
;qfèkf"Bj cksykµ¶ekek th! ekSdk vkus ij
fu'p; gh egkcyh d.kZ vkidks viuk lkjFkh
cukdj vtqZu dk oèk djus dk iz;Ru djsxkA
eSa ;g tkuuk pkgrk gw¡ fd ml le; vki
vtqZu dh e`R;q dk dkj.k cusaxs ;k vtqZu dh
j{kk dk iz;Ru djsaxs\ eSa ;g iwNdj vkidks
vleatl esa ugha Mkyuk pkgrk Fkk] ij fiQj
Hkh iwNus dk eu gks x;kA¸
enzjkt us dgkµ¶csVk ;qfèkf"Bj] eSa èkks[ks esa
vkdj nq;ksZèku dks opu ns cSBkA blfy, ;q¼
rks eq>s mldh vksj ls gh djuk gksxkA ij ,d
ckr crk, nsrk gw¡ fd d.kZ eq>s lkjFkh cuk,xk]
rks vtqZu osQ izk.kksa dh j{kk gh gksxhA¸
miIyO; esa egkjkt ;qfèkf"Bj vkSj nzkSinh
dks enzjkt 'kY; us fnyklk fn;k vkSj dgkµ
¶thr mUgha dh gksrh gS] tks èkhjt ls dke ysrs
gSaA ;qfèkf"Bj! d.kZ vkSj nq;ksZèku dh cqf¼ fiQj
xbZ gSA viuh nq"Vrk osQ iQyLo:i fu'p; gh
mudk loZuk'k gksdj jgsxkA¸
Rationalised 2023-24