Bio Gas Concept And Use | Multi Skill Foundation - Grade 10 PDF Download

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SESSION 5: BIO GAS CONCEPT AND USE 
 
 
There are less resources of fuel in rural area. Cutting the tree for fuel is not the 
final solution. It hampers our environment. As the number of people in the family 
increase, more fuel is required. Many times, rural people purchase wood and 
kerosene for the fuel. To avoid the depletion of environmental resources, biogas is 
a good substitute to fuel in rural area. It is made from animal dung, food waste, 
vegetables etc. Moreover, the urine and dung of pet animals and birds and the 
connection of toilet is given to biogas plant. It provides us fertilizers, gas and at 
the same time it prevents infections by reducing the waste around us and keeps 
the environment healthy. It is a boon to the farmers as they get compost from it. 
The other option is to produce coal at home by using bio waste disposal. It is easy 
to make it. The bio waste material is used for this. Raw material is also readily 
available in the field. The waste from the field is in tons, that will be utilize in 
proper disposal way. 
In this Chapter, we are going to study the concept of bio gas, its types and 
procedure for manufacturing of coal from bio mass. 
 
Biogas: 
Material require for biogas: 
· Cow dung 
· Waste oil cakes [ground nut oil cake.] 
· Waste food and vegetables. 
· Rotten fruits and foods. 
· Sewage water. 
· As compare to animal dung, the sewage water does not have much organic 
factors. Therefore, the gas is also in less proportion. 
 
Gas fuel from animal, cow dung is biogas. Biogas is produced when the organic 
factors in animal dung are bio degraded by some bacteria and other 
microorganisms. In Biogas, the proportion of methane to carbon dioxide is 65:35. 
Methane is an inflammable gas. The proportion of dung and water put into the 
machine is 1:1. The temperature for required to create biogas is around 20
o
C to 
40
o
C. If we do not dispose the domestic waste carefully, it hampers our health. 
Hence, the biogas production is necessary. 
 
We get slurry and usable gas from biogas. Biogas production helps in disposing of 
the waste created by humans. Proper waste management ensures prevention of 
contagious diseases. Therefore, it avoids water and air pollution and keeps the 
environment healthy. 
 
 
Types of biogas plant 
The process of gas production in biogas: 
A biogas plant is used to store the oxygen-less gas produced by the bio 
degradation of the organic waste. Methane and carbon dioxide are produced in 
this plant. Methane is an inflammable gas. The producer gas made in the