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33
flracj 2022
vkfnoklh lekt vyx fdLe dk jgk gSA ml lekt ds yksdkpkj dh fo/kk,¡ taxyksa&igkM+ksa vkSj ufn;ksa ds 
lkFk lesfdr jgh gSaA lkekftd ekU;rk,a] lkaL—frd le> vkSj vkLFkkvksa ls tqM+h laosnuk,a fdlh vU; çdkj 
dh vo/kkj.kkvksa dks ikslrh gqbZ ut+j vkrh gSaA mudh lkekftd ço`fÙk vkSj mudk lkaL—frd >qdko lkewfgdrk 
dks c<+kok nsrs gq, O;fä ls O;fä dks tksM+us dk fo'okl iSnk djus esa leFkZ fn[krk gSA vkfnoklh thou'kSyh 
esa vkcksgok ls ysdj vU; rjg ds çk—frd vo;oksa dh csgrjhu Hkwfedk çR;{k rkSj ls ns[kh tk ldrh gSA isM+ksa 
dh iwtk vkSj lqlaxr rjhds ls mUgsa dkVus dk vuq'kklu tutkrh; lekt esa ;qxksa ls gSA bl ckr dks u;h 
ih<+h dks le>uk gksxkA bl lekt dh vufxur ihf<+;ksa us viuh lksp] Hkkoukvksa] thou'kSyh] vius yksdkpkj] 
thou&O;ogkj] /keZ] vkLFkkvksa vkSj laLdkjksa esa ç—fr dks dsaæ esa j[kdj ftl dqnjr dks cpk;k gS] mls cpkdj 
j[kuk gekjk cqfu;knh drZO; gSA
vkfnokfl;ksa dk izd`fr izse
µ vejsaæ fd'kksj  
vkfnoklh ;kuh ewy fuoklh&ç—fr dk jgoklhA igkM+ksa vkSj 
taxyksa esa clh cfLr;ksa dk fuoklhA nqfu;k Hkj esa bl 'kCn ds 
lkFk ;gh rLohj vareZu esa vkrh gS fd ,slk lekt tks taxyksa esa 
jgrk pyk vk;k gSA ç—fr ds chp jgdj] mlds lkFk lkeatL; 
fcBkdj og tSo&lalk/kuksa dk çkphu vkSj lPpk j[kokyk gksrk 
gSA
1
 ,d vkfnoklh dqnjr ls tqM+s Kku dk ;qxhu fo'ks"kK 
ekuk tkrk gS vkSj ç—fr ds euksuqdwy thou'kSyh dk og ,d 
vfHkK] vn~Hkqr vkSj vuqHkoh lk/kd gksrk gSA bl lekt dk 
thou&n'kZu vkSj taxyksa ds bu jgokfl;ksa ds 'kk'or ewY;cks/k 
bl ckr dks c[kwch n'kkZrs gSa fd isM+ksa&ouLifr;ksa ds vykok vU; 
fdLe ds çk—frd vo;oksa ij vk/kkfjr budk yksdKku vikj 
vkSj vlhfer gSA cs'kd] buds lekt dh jpuk vkSj mls cuk, 
thou'kSyh
ç—fr ls vkfRed laca/k% uoacj 2018 esa taxy dks cpkus ds fy, ,d tu vkanksyu ds fgLls ds :i esa vksfM'kk ds 
f>adjxM+h esa efgykvksa us isM+ksa dks xys yxk;kA
Page 2


33
flracj 2022
vkfnoklh lekt vyx fdLe dk jgk gSA ml lekt ds yksdkpkj dh fo/kk,¡ taxyksa&igkM+ksa vkSj ufn;ksa ds 
lkFk lesfdr jgh gSaA lkekftd ekU;rk,a] lkaL—frd le> vkSj vkLFkkvksa ls tqM+h laosnuk,a fdlh vU; çdkj 
dh vo/kkj.kkvksa dks ikslrh gqbZ ut+j vkrh gSaA mudh lkekftd ço`fÙk vkSj mudk lkaL—frd >qdko lkewfgdrk 
dks c<+kok nsrs gq, O;fä ls O;fä dks tksM+us dk fo'okl iSnk djus esa leFkZ fn[krk gSA vkfnoklh thou'kSyh 
esa vkcksgok ls ysdj vU; rjg ds çk—frd vo;oksa dh csgrjhu Hkwfedk çR;{k rkSj ls ns[kh tk ldrh gSA isM+ksa 
dh iwtk vkSj lqlaxr rjhds ls mUgsa dkVus dk vuq'kklu tutkrh; lekt esa ;qxksa ls gSA bl ckr dks u;h 
ih<+h dks le>uk gksxkA bl lekt dh vufxur ihf<+;ksa us viuh lksp] Hkkoukvksa] thou'kSyh] vius yksdkpkj] 
thou&O;ogkj] /keZ] vkLFkkvksa vkSj laLdkjksa esa ç—fr dks dsaæ esa j[kdj ftl dqnjr dks cpk;k gS] mls cpkdj 
j[kuk gekjk cqfu;knh drZO; gSA
vkfnokfl;ksa dk izd`fr izse
µ vejsaæ fd'kksj  
vkfnoklh ;kuh ewy fuoklh&ç—fr dk jgoklhA igkM+ksa vkSj 
taxyksa esa clh cfLr;ksa dk fuoklhA nqfu;k Hkj esa bl 'kCn ds 
lkFk ;gh rLohj vareZu esa vkrh gS fd ,slk lekt tks taxyksa esa 
jgrk pyk vk;k gSA ç—fr ds chp jgdj] mlds lkFk lkeatL; 
fcBkdj og tSo&lalk/kuksa dk çkphu vkSj lPpk j[kokyk gksrk 
gSA
1
 ,d vkfnoklh dqnjr ls tqM+s Kku dk ;qxhu fo'ks"kK 
ekuk tkrk gS vkSj ç—fr ds euksuqdwy thou'kSyh dk og ,d 
vfHkK] vn~Hkqr vkSj vuqHkoh lk/kd gksrk gSA bl lekt dk 
thou&n'kZu vkSj taxyksa ds bu jgokfl;ksa ds 'kk'or ewY;cks/k 
bl ckr dks c[kwch n'kkZrs gSa fd isM+ksa&ouLifr;ksa ds vykok vU; 
fdLe ds çk—frd vo;oksa ij vk/kkfjr budk yksdKku vikj 
vkSj vlhfer gSA cs'kd] buds lekt dh jpuk vkSj mls cuk, 
thou'kSyh
ç—fr ls vkfRed laca/k% uoacj 2018 esa taxy dks cpkus ds fy, ,d tu vkanksyu ds fgLls ds :i esa vksfM'kk ds 
f>adjxM+h esa efgykvksa us isM+ksa dks xys yxk;kA
34
flracj 2022
j[kus dh çfrc)rk bruh csfelky gksrh gS tks budh igpku ds 
fofHkUu lEcks/kuksa esa Hkh bUgsa ç—frthoh gksuk crkrk gSA
2
blesa dksbZ 'kd ugha fd thou dk rRo&cks/k vkfnoklh 
lekt ls csgrj Hkyk dkSu tkurk gS] tks dgrk gS] lsuxs lqlqu] 
dkftxs nqjax---
3
 ;kuh pyuk u`R; gS vkSj cksyuk xhr&laxhr 
gSA ;gh thou gSA th&rksM+ esgur ds ckn nsj jkr rd ekSle 
dh ijokg fd, fcuk xkao ds lkjs yksxksa dk v[kM+k ¼lkoZtfud 
[kqyk LFky½ esa lkFk&lkFk ukpuk vkSj xkuk pyrk gSA clar esa 
ljgqy [kqf'k;ksa dk iSxke ekuk tkrk gS tc ç—fr iwjs ;kSou 
ij gksrh gSA Qlyksa ls ?kj vkSj Qyksa&Qwyksa ls taxy Hkjk jgrk 
gSA fdruk [kwclwjr gS ;g lquuk fd ç—frthoh vkfnoklh ,slk 
ekurs gSa fd ç—fr fdlh dks Hkw[kk ugha jgus nsrh gSA
vkfnoklh 'kCn dk ç;ksx ewyr% mu fuokfl;ksa ds fy, fd;k 
tkrk gS ftudk ml HkkSxksfyd {ks= ds Kkr bfrgkl ls iqjkuk 
laca/k jgk gS] tks {ks= lfn;ksa ls ?ku?kksj taxyksa ls vkPNkfnr jgs 
gSaA
4
 bl balkuh lewg dk bfrgkl taxyksa ds c<+us vkSj le`) 
gksus dk bfrgkl gSA
5
 mu taxyksa&t+ehuksa&ty ladk;ksa&ufn;ksa 
dks cpkus vkSj mUgsa lEiUu fd, tkus dk bfrgkl gS] u fd nks 
jktkvksa ds chp ijLij yM+kbZ;ksa ds ijkØe dk bfrgkl gSA ;fn 
vkfnokfl;ksa dks ^tutkfr^] ^ouoklh^] ^fxfjtu^] ^,scksfjftuy^] 
^bafMftul^] ^ns'kt^ vkfn ukeksa ls iqdkjrs gSa rks bu reke 
'kCnksa vkSj lEcks/kuksa ds vius rdZ gSa tks dgha u dgha ls mUgsa 
ty&t+ehu&taxy vkSj tkuoj ls Hkjh lEinkvksa dk lcls 
djhch gksuk lkfcr djrk gSA
6
 bl lEcU/k esa varjjk"Vªh; Jfed 
laxBu ¼vkbZ,yvks½ ds dUosa'ku esa vkfnokfl;ksa ds ckjs esa O;ä 
ml er dk mYys[k t+:jh gS tks taxyksa ds bu jgokfl;ksa dh 
iwjh vkcknh dks nks Hkkxksa esa ck¡V dj ns[krk gSA ^igyk Hkkx mu 
ns'kkojh yksxksa dk gS tks bafMtsul dgs tkrs gSaA^
bafMtsul gksuk gh t+ehu ls tqM+dj Kku dh mu ijEijkvksa 
dks le`) djuk gS tks buds thus dk vk/kkj Hkh gS vkSj budh 
rkdr HkhA dUosa'ku esa vkxs o.kZu gS fd ^balkuh vkcknh ds chp 
dqN ,sls oa'k gSa tks mifuos'kdky esa ;k jkT; dh lhekvksa dh 
LFkkiuk ds le; vius [kkl HkkSxksfyd {ks= esa jgrs FksA tks 
oa'kkuqxr çokg esa viuh t+ehu] vius bykds vkSj ,d [kkl {ks= 
esa rHkh ls jgrs pys vk jgs gSaA^ ;kuh mudh clkgVksa dk dksbZ 
fuf'pr dky[kaM r; ugha gS cfYd lH;rk ds fodflr gksus dh 
çfØ;k esa vkfnoklh Hkh taxyksa vkSj igkM+ksa ds 'kj.kkxr gq,A 
fnypLi igyw ;gh gS fd mudh ;qxhu thou'kSyh dh Js"Brk 
bruh yqHkkrh gS fd iknjh ls u`foKkuh cus osfj;j ,fYou dgrs 
gSa fd ^vkfnoklh lekt vkSj lH;rk rFkkdfFkr lH; dgh tkus 
okyh vk/kqfud tkfr;ksa ls dgha T+;knk Js"B gSA^ ;g mudk 
O;fäxr vuqHko gS tks mudh reke —fr;ksa esa ckj&ckj [kqydj 
lkeus vkrk gSA
tutkrh; lkekftd vkSj jktuhfrd O;oLFkk vius Lo'kklu 
ds fy, Louke /kU; gSA ns'k dh reke eqYdh yM+kb;ksa esa blh 
Lo'kklu dks ysdj mudh laosnu'khyrk ckj&ckj dksy&eqaMk 
ls ysdj ntZu Hkj vkfnoklh tkfr;ksa dks mdlkrh jgh gSA 
D;ksafd vkfnokfl;ksa dh /kkj.kk,a vius lekt dh et+cwrh ds 
tfj, ml ekuork dks cjdjkj j[kus dh ea'kk j[krk gS tgk¡ 
balku gh ugha cfYd reke çk—frd lalk/ku thoar gksrs gSaA 
mudk Lo'kklu O;fäxr ugha] cfYd lkewfgd O;oLFkk gSA 
eryc muds lekt esa lÙkk O;fä&dsafær ugha gksrh gSA blls 
muds jhfr&fjokt] laL—fr vkSj Hkk"kk dh vfLerk tqM+h gksrh 
gSA
7
 lkewfgdrk vkfnoklh lekt dh vkRek gS] iwtk dk fo/kku 
Hkh lkewfgd gSA buesa O;fä iwtk ugha gS] dksbZ iqjksfgr ugha gSA 
fookg dh jLe esa vkfnoklh yksx yM+dh [kjhnrs gSaA buesa iqtkjh 
cuus dh Hkh ,d jLe gksrh gSA os eqxhZ dh iwtk djds mls NksM+ 
nsrs gSaA 'kke dks og ftlds ?kj esa ?kql tk,] mlh ?kj dk Lokeh 
rhu lky ds fy, iqtkjh gks tkrk gSA ,slh u tkus fdruh jLesa 
gSa tks euq"; vkSj i'kq&if{k;ksa ds chp ds rkjrE; dks n'kkZrh gSaA
vkfnokfl;ksa ds ç—frthoh gksus dh dgkuh Hkh jkspd gSA 
;g muds iwoZtksa dh ilan dk urhtk gSA ,d ut+j gt+kjksa 
lky igys ds bfrgkl ij&vk[ksV ls vkxs c<+dj tc lewph 
lH;rk i'kqikyu vkSj ckn esa —f"k viukuk ilan dj jgh Fkh 
rks ns'k dh ,d cM+h vkcknh taxyksa esa gh jg xbZA ifjokj] 
futh laifÙk vkSj jkT; dh mRifÙk esa ¶jsMfjd ,saxYl fy[krs gSa 
fd ^/;ku nsus dh ckr gS fd ccZj ;qx ls vkxs dqN i'kqvksa dks 
ikyrw cuk pqds vkfne lekt ds chp [ksrh dh ço`fÙk 'kq: gqbZ 
rks lc ds lc [ksrh&fdlkuh ;k i'kqikyu ls ugha tqM+sA^ cfYd 
lH;rk ds ,d cM+s fgLls taxyksa esa jgdj viuh vkfnerk esa 
jguk ilan fd;kA mUgksaus —f"k deZ vkaf'kd rkSj ls viuk fy;k 
D;ksafd os vius xksfr;k yksxksa ds laidZ esa t+:j Fks vkSj yEcs 
dkykuqØe esa taxyksa esa gh f'kdkj&vk[ksV] ouksit laxzg djrs 
gq, ckal&[kjirokj ls vius fjgkb'k ds fuekZ.k ls ft+Unxh thus 
yxsA bl fuekZ.k dh vyx&vyx 'kSyh mHkj dj lkeus vk;h 
tks LFkkuh; ekSle&ckfj'k ls ysdj miyC/k taxy ds lalk/kuksa 
ij fuHkZj FkhA
8
 tSls >kj[k.M esa canjksa dks ekjdj [kkus okys 
fcjgksjksa us lk[kw ds iÙkksa ls ?kj cuk;k rks rfeyukMq] dukZVd 
vkSj dsjy esa QSyh uhyfxfj dh igkfM+;ksa esa VksMk vkfnokfl;ksa 
us viuk ?kj fcydqy vaMkdkj vkdkj esa cuk;kA D;ksafd ogka 
ckfj'k vf/kd gksrh gS rks Nrksa ls ikuh dk rRdky cguk t+:jh 
gSA xqQkvksa ls fudydj lH;rk dk Lokn lwa?krs vkfnokfl;ksa dh 
;g igyh VsDuksy‚th Fkh] tks vkt Hkh ekStwn gSA
[ksrh viuk pqdh balkuh vkcknh us ?kjksa ds fuekZ.k ds lkFk 
cfLr;ka clkdj lH;rk ds dbZ pj.k iwjs fd,A
9
 tks taxyksa esa 
Fks] mUgksaus x`gLFkh dh /kheh çfØ;k dks cjdjkj j[kk tcfd 
Page 3


33
flracj 2022
vkfnoklh lekt vyx fdLe dk jgk gSA ml lekt ds yksdkpkj dh fo/kk,¡ taxyksa&igkM+ksa vkSj ufn;ksa ds 
lkFk lesfdr jgh gSaA lkekftd ekU;rk,a] lkaL—frd le> vkSj vkLFkkvksa ls tqM+h laosnuk,a fdlh vU; çdkj 
dh vo/kkj.kkvksa dks ikslrh gqbZ ut+j vkrh gSaA mudh lkekftd ço`fÙk vkSj mudk lkaL—frd >qdko lkewfgdrk 
dks c<+kok nsrs gq, O;fä ls O;fä dks tksM+us dk fo'okl iSnk djus esa leFkZ fn[krk gSA vkfnoklh thou'kSyh 
esa vkcksgok ls ysdj vU; rjg ds çk—frd vo;oksa dh csgrjhu Hkwfedk çR;{k rkSj ls ns[kh tk ldrh gSA isM+ksa 
dh iwtk vkSj lqlaxr rjhds ls mUgsa dkVus dk vuq'kklu tutkrh; lekt esa ;qxksa ls gSA bl ckr dks u;h 
ih<+h dks le>uk gksxkA bl lekt dh vufxur ihf<+;ksa us viuh lksp] Hkkoukvksa] thou'kSyh] vius yksdkpkj] 
thou&O;ogkj] /keZ] vkLFkkvksa vkSj laLdkjksa esa ç—fr dks dsaæ esa j[kdj ftl dqnjr dks cpk;k gS] mls cpkdj 
j[kuk gekjk cqfu;knh drZO; gSA
vkfnokfl;ksa dk izd`fr izse
µ vejsaæ fd'kksj  
vkfnoklh ;kuh ewy fuoklh&ç—fr dk jgoklhA igkM+ksa vkSj 
taxyksa esa clh cfLr;ksa dk fuoklhA nqfu;k Hkj esa bl 'kCn ds 
lkFk ;gh rLohj vareZu esa vkrh gS fd ,slk lekt tks taxyksa esa 
jgrk pyk vk;k gSA ç—fr ds chp jgdj] mlds lkFk lkeatL; 
fcBkdj og tSo&lalk/kuksa dk çkphu vkSj lPpk j[kokyk gksrk 
gSA
1
 ,d vkfnoklh dqnjr ls tqM+s Kku dk ;qxhu fo'ks"kK 
ekuk tkrk gS vkSj ç—fr ds euksuqdwy thou'kSyh dk og ,d 
vfHkK] vn~Hkqr vkSj vuqHkoh lk/kd gksrk gSA bl lekt dk 
thou&n'kZu vkSj taxyksa ds bu jgokfl;ksa ds 'kk'or ewY;cks/k 
bl ckr dks c[kwch n'kkZrs gSa fd isM+ksa&ouLifr;ksa ds vykok vU; 
fdLe ds çk—frd vo;oksa ij vk/kkfjr budk yksdKku vikj 
vkSj vlhfer gSA cs'kd] buds lekt dh jpuk vkSj mls cuk, 
thou'kSyh
ç—fr ls vkfRed laca/k% uoacj 2018 esa taxy dks cpkus ds fy, ,d tu vkanksyu ds fgLls ds :i esa vksfM'kk ds 
f>adjxM+h esa efgykvksa us isM+ksa dks xys yxk;kA
34
flracj 2022
j[kus dh çfrc)rk bruh csfelky gksrh gS tks budh igpku ds 
fofHkUu lEcks/kuksa esa Hkh bUgsa ç—frthoh gksuk crkrk gSA
2
blesa dksbZ 'kd ugha fd thou dk rRo&cks/k vkfnoklh 
lekt ls csgrj Hkyk dkSu tkurk gS] tks dgrk gS] lsuxs lqlqu] 
dkftxs nqjax---
3
 ;kuh pyuk u`R; gS vkSj cksyuk xhr&laxhr 
gSA ;gh thou gSA th&rksM+ esgur ds ckn nsj jkr rd ekSle 
dh ijokg fd, fcuk xkao ds lkjs yksxksa dk v[kM+k ¼lkoZtfud 
[kqyk LFky½ esa lkFk&lkFk ukpuk vkSj xkuk pyrk gSA clar esa 
ljgqy [kqf'k;ksa dk iSxke ekuk tkrk gS tc ç—fr iwjs ;kSou 
ij gksrh gSA Qlyksa ls ?kj vkSj Qyksa&Qwyksa ls taxy Hkjk jgrk 
gSA fdruk [kwclwjr gS ;g lquuk fd ç—frthoh vkfnoklh ,slk 
ekurs gSa fd ç—fr fdlh dks Hkw[kk ugha jgus nsrh gSA
vkfnoklh 'kCn dk ç;ksx ewyr% mu fuokfl;ksa ds fy, fd;k 
tkrk gS ftudk ml HkkSxksfyd {ks= ds Kkr bfrgkl ls iqjkuk 
laca/k jgk gS] tks {ks= lfn;ksa ls ?ku?kksj taxyksa ls vkPNkfnr jgs 
gSaA
4
 bl balkuh lewg dk bfrgkl taxyksa ds c<+us vkSj le`) 
gksus dk bfrgkl gSA
5
 mu taxyksa&t+ehuksa&ty ladk;ksa&ufn;ksa 
dks cpkus vkSj mUgsa lEiUu fd, tkus dk bfrgkl gS] u fd nks 
jktkvksa ds chp ijLij yM+kbZ;ksa ds ijkØe dk bfrgkl gSA ;fn 
vkfnokfl;ksa dks ^tutkfr^] ^ouoklh^] ^fxfjtu^] ^,scksfjftuy^] 
^bafMftul^] ^ns'kt^ vkfn ukeksa ls iqdkjrs gSa rks bu reke 
'kCnksa vkSj lEcks/kuksa ds vius rdZ gSa tks dgha u dgha ls mUgsa 
ty&t+ehu&taxy vkSj tkuoj ls Hkjh lEinkvksa dk lcls 
djhch gksuk lkfcr djrk gSA
6
 bl lEcU/k esa varjjk"Vªh; Jfed 
laxBu ¼vkbZ,yvks½ ds dUosa'ku esa vkfnokfl;ksa ds ckjs esa O;ä 
ml er dk mYys[k t+:jh gS tks taxyksa ds bu jgokfl;ksa dh 
iwjh vkcknh dks nks Hkkxksa esa ck¡V dj ns[krk gSA ^igyk Hkkx mu 
ns'kkojh yksxksa dk gS tks bafMtsul dgs tkrs gSaA^
bafMtsul gksuk gh t+ehu ls tqM+dj Kku dh mu ijEijkvksa 
dks le`) djuk gS tks buds thus dk vk/kkj Hkh gS vkSj budh 
rkdr HkhA dUosa'ku esa vkxs o.kZu gS fd ^balkuh vkcknh ds chp 
dqN ,sls oa'k gSa tks mifuos'kdky esa ;k jkT; dh lhekvksa dh 
LFkkiuk ds le; vius [kkl HkkSxksfyd {ks= esa jgrs FksA tks 
oa'kkuqxr çokg esa viuh t+ehu] vius bykds vkSj ,d [kkl {ks= 
esa rHkh ls jgrs pys vk jgs gSaA^ ;kuh mudh clkgVksa dk dksbZ 
fuf'pr dky[kaM r; ugha gS cfYd lH;rk ds fodflr gksus dh 
çfØ;k esa vkfnoklh Hkh taxyksa vkSj igkM+ksa ds 'kj.kkxr gq,A 
fnypLi igyw ;gh gS fd mudh ;qxhu thou'kSyh dh Js"Brk 
bruh yqHkkrh gS fd iknjh ls u`foKkuh cus osfj;j ,fYou dgrs 
gSa fd ^vkfnoklh lekt vkSj lH;rk rFkkdfFkr lH; dgh tkus 
okyh vk/kqfud tkfr;ksa ls dgha T+;knk Js"B gSA^ ;g mudk 
O;fäxr vuqHko gS tks mudh reke —fr;ksa esa ckj&ckj [kqydj 
lkeus vkrk gSA
tutkrh; lkekftd vkSj jktuhfrd O;oLFkk vius Lo'kklu 
ds fy, Louke /kU; gSA ns'k dh reke eqYdh yM+kb;ksa esa blh 
Lo'kklu dks ysdj mudh laosnu'khyrk ckj&ckj dksy&eqaMk 
ls ysdj ntZu Hkj vkfnoklh tkfr;ksa dks mdlkrh jgh gSA 
D;ksafd vkfnokfl;ksa dh /kkj.kk,a vius lekt dh et+cwrh ds 
tfj, ml ekuork dks cjdjkj j[kus dh ea'kk j[krk gS tgk¡ 
balku gh ugha cfYd reke çk—frd lalk/ku thoar gksrs gSaA 
mudk Lo'kklu O;fäxr ugha] cfYd lkewfgd O;oLFkk gSA 
eryc muds lekt esa lÙkk O;fä&dsafær ugha gksrh gSA blls 
muds jhfr&fjokt] laL—fr vkSj Hkk"kk dh vfLerk tqM+h gksrh 
gSA
7
 lkewfgdrk vkfnoklh lekt dh vkRek gS] iwtk dk fo/kku 
Hkh lkewfgd gSA buesa O;fä iwtk ugha gS] dksbZ iqjksfgr ugha gSA 
fookg dh jLe esa vkfnoklh yksx yM+dh [kjhnrs gSaA buesa iqtkjh 
cuus dh Hkh ,d jLe gksrh gSA os eqxhZ dh iwtk djds mls NksM+ 
nsrs gSaA 'kke dks og ftlds ?kj esa ?kql tk,] mlh ?kj dk Lokeh 
rhu lky ds fy, iqtkjh gks tkrk gSA ,slh u tkus fdruh jLesa 
gSa tks euq"; vkSj i'kq&if{k;ksa ds chp ds rkjrE; dks n'kkZrh gSaA
vkfnokfl;ksa ds ç—frthoh gksus dh dgkuh Hkh jkspd gSA 
;g muds iwoZtksa dh ilan dk urhtk gSA ,d ut+j gt+kjksa 
lky igys ds bfrgkl ij&vk[ksV ls vkxs c<+dj tc lewph 
lH;rk i'kqikyu vkSj ckn esa —f"k viukuk ilan dj jgh Fkh 
rks ns'k dh ,d cM+h vkcknh taxyksa esa gh jg xbZA ifjokj] 
futh laifÙk vkSj jkT; dh mRifÙk esa ¶jsMfjd ,saxYl fy[krs gSa 
fd ^/;ku nsus dh ckr gS fd ccZj ;qx ls vkxs dqN i'kqvksa dks 
ikyrw cuk pqds vkfne lekt ds chp [ksrh dh ço`fÙk 'kq: gqbZ 
rks lc ds lc [ksrh&fdlkuh ;k i'kqikyu ls ugha tqM+sA^ cfYd 
lH;rk ds ,d cM+s fgLls taxyksa esa jgdj viuh vkfnerk esa 
jguk ilan fd;kA mUgksaus —f"k deZ vkaf'kd rkSj ls viuk fy;k 
D;ksafd os vius xksfr;k yksxksa ds laidZ esa t+:j Fks vkSj yEcs 
dkykuqØe esa taxyksa esa gh f'kdkj&vk[ksV] ouksit laxzg djrs 
gq, ckal&[kjirokj ls vius fjgkb'k ds fuekZ.k ls ft+Unxh thus 
yxsA bl fuekZ.k dh vyx&vyx 'kSyh mHkj dj lkeus vk;h 
tks LFkkuh; ekSle&ckfj'k ls ysdj miyC/k taxy ds lalk/kuksa 
ij fuHkZj FkhA
8
 tSls >kj[k.M esa canjksa dks ekjdj [kkus okys 
fcjgksjksa us lk[kw ds iÙkksa ls ?kj cuk;k rks rfeyukMq] dukZVd 
vkSj dsjy esa QSyh uhyfxfj dh igkfM+;ksa esa VksMk vkfnokfl;ksa 
us viuk ?kj fcydqy vaMkdkj vkdkj esa cuk;kA D;ksafd ogka 
ckfj'k vf/kd gksrh gS rks Nrksa ls ikuh dk rRdky cguk t+:jh 
gSA xqQkvksa ls fudydj lH;rk dk Lokn lwa?krs vkfnokfl;ksa dh 
;g igyh VsDuksy‚th Fkh] tks vkt Hkh ekStwn gSA
[ksrh viuk pqdh balkuh vkcknh us ?kjksa ds fuekZ.k ds lkFk 
cfLr;ka clkdj lH;rk ds dbZ pj.k iwjs fd,A
9
 tks taxyksa esa 
Fks] mUgksaus x`gLFkh dh /kheh çfØ;k dks cjdjkj j[kk tcfd 
35
flracj 2022
xzke ds jgokfl;ksa us vukt dwVus vkSj ihlus ds lk/kuksa dk 
vkfo"dkj fd;kA lkekftd O;oLFkk vkSj balkuh vfLrRo ds ckjs 
esa vkbZ,yvks ds dUosa'ku esa vkxs O;k[;k gS fd ^bu yksxksa us 
viuh lkekftd] vkfFkZd] lkaL—frd vkSj jktuhfrd laLFkkvksa 
dks cuk, j[kk gS] pkgs mudh dkuwuh fLFkfr tSlh Hkh jgh gks 
;k orZeku esa og fLFkfr dqN Hkh gksA bl çdkj mudh ns'kt 
vkLFkk,a] LokfHkeku vkSj ewY; gh mudh igpku gSA^ nwljs oxZ esa 
Vªkbcy ihiqy ds rkSj ij O;k[;k gSA bl oxZ dk uxjhdj.k ;k 
vk/kqfudhdj.k ls dksbZ okLrk ugha FkkA ;kuh jkT; dh vo/kkj.kk 
ds reke ?kVdksa vkSj xq.kdksa ls os lc ds lc nwj jgsA os taxyksa 
ds Fks] taxyksa esa Fks vkSj taxyksa ds fy, FksA fygktk] mudh 
thou'kSyh esa ç—fr dk [kkfyliu vkt Hkh ns[kus dks feyrk 
gSA ukxj lekt bu vkfnokfl;ksa dks ysdj tSlk Hkh fy[ks ;k 
tks Hkh çpkfjr djs ysfdu os vkfnoklh fdlh Hkh lwjr esa vius 
fdlh vlH; O;ogkjksa ds cnuke ugha FksA os vius fBdkuksa esa] 
viuh lhekvksa esa nqnkaZr Hkh ugha FksA Hkkokfrjsd ;k egRokdka{kkvksa 
ds fy, vkØkark gksuk mudh xfrfof/k;ksa dk vfHkçk; ugha FkkA 
os /kkfeZd vkpj.kksa ;k vkthfodk dh çfØ;kvksa ds chp vk{ksid 
ugha Fks] c'krsZ mUgsa ;g vk'kadk u lrk;s fd mudk vfLrRo 
[krjs esa gSA
taxyksa vkSj igkM+ksa esa jgus okys mu vkfnokfl;ksa dk viuk 
lkgp;Z ls Hkjk lekt jgk gSA ,d cstksM+ lkaL—frd ewY;cks/k 
jgk gSA çk—frd vo;oksa ij vk/kkfjr vkfFkZd ra= jgk gS tks 
ckn esa [ksrh&i'kqikyu vkSj vk[ksV dh ,d fefJr O;oLFkk esa 
rCnhy gks x;k FkkA ;kuh ^mudh lkekftd] lkaL—frd vkSj 
vkfFkZd fLFkfr;k¡ mUgsa jk"Vªh; leqnk; ds vU; oxksaZ ls vyx 
djrh gSaA^ dgus dk vk'k; gS fd ftUgsa vkt ge vkfnoklh 
dgrs gSa] tutkfr dgrs gSa] ftUgsa ouoklh Hkh dgk tkrk gS] 
mudk lekt vyx fdLe dk jgk gSA ml lekt ds yksdkpkj 
dh fo/kk,¡ taxyksa&igkM+ksa vkSj ufn;ksa ds lkFk lesfdr jgha gSaA 
lkekftd ekU;rk,a] lkaL—frd le> vkSj vkLFkkvksa ls tqM+h 
laosnuk,a fdlh vU; çdkj dh vo/kkj.kkvksa dks ikslrh gqbZ ut+j 
vkrha gSaA mudh lkekftd ço`fÙk vkSj mudk lkaL—frd >qdko 
lkewfgdrk dks c<+kok nsrs gq, O;fä ls O;fä dks tksM+us dk 
fo'okl iSnk djus esa leFkZ fn[krk gSA
fnypLi ckr ;gh gS fd lH;rkvksa ds fodflr gksus ds 
nkSj ls nwj vkfnokfl;ksa us ftl thoucks/k ij dk;e jgdj 
ft+Unxh dks lq[kn cuk;k fdUrq dgha Hkh miHkksx vkSj foykflrk 
dh xqatkb'k ugha jgus nhA laxzg dh ladYiuk vkSj euksHkkoksa 
dks iwath ;k laifÙk ls dHkh ugha tksM+kA cfYd Hkkstu laxzg vkSj 
vukt tqVkus rd [kqn dks lhfer j[kk FkkA muds chp opZLo 
dh yM+kbZ viuh ojh;rk dks ysdj jgh] laifÙk ds uke ij mUgksaus 
lc dks leku le>kA thus dk vf/kdkj gj fdlh dks gS vkSj 
viuh 'krksaZ ds lkFk gj dksbZ thrk gSA egt euksjatu ds oDr 
ljgqy ioZ eukrs ljuk vkfnoklh
Page 4


33
flracj 2022
vkfnoklh lekt vyx fdLe dk jgk gSA ml lekt ds yksdkpkj dh fo/kk,¡ taxyksa&igkM+ksa vkSj ufn;ksa ds 
lkFk lesfdr jgh gSaA lkekftd ekU;rk,a] lkaL—frd le> vkSj vkLFkkvksa ls tqM+h laosnuk,a fdlh vU; çdkj 
dh vo/kkj.kkvksa dks ikslrh gqbZ ut+j vkrh gSaA mudh lkekftd ço`fÙk vkSj mudk lkaL—frd >qdko lkewfgdrk 
dks c<+kok nsrs gq, O;fä ls O;fä dks tksM+us dk fo'okl iSnk djus esa leFkZ fn[krk gSA vkfnoklh thou'kSyh 
esa vkcksgok ls ysdj vU; rjg ds çk—frd vo;oksa dh csgrjhu Hkwfedk çR;{k rkSj ls ns[kh tk ldrh gSA isM+ksa 
dh iwtk vkSj lqlaxr rjhds ls mUgsa dkVus dk vuq'kklu tutkrh; lekt esa ;qxksa ls gSA bl ckr dks u;h 
ih<+h dks le>uk gksxkA bl lekt dh vufxur ihf<+;ksa us viuh lksp] Hkkoukvksa] thou'kSyh] vius yksdkpkj] 
thou&O;ogkj] /keZ] vkLFkkvksa vkSj laLdkjksa esa ç—fr dks dsaæ esa j[kdj ftl dqnjr dks cpk;k gS] mls cpkdj 
j[kuk gekjk cqfu;knh drZO; gSA
vkfnokfl;ksa dk izd`fr izse
µ vejsaæ fd'kksj  
vkfnoklh ;kuh ewy fuoklh&ç—fr dk jgoklhA igkM+ksa vkSj 
taxyksa esa clh cfLr;ksa dk fuoklhA nqfu;k Hkj esa bl 'kCn ds 
lkFk ;gh rLohj vareZu esa vkrh gS fd ,slk lekt tks taxyksa esa 
jgrk pyk vk;k gSA ç—fr ds chp jgdj] mlds lkFk lkeatL; 
fcBkdj og tSo&lalk/kuksa dk çkphu vkSj lPpk j[kokyk gksrk 
gSA
1
 ,d vkfnoklh dqnjr ls tqM+s Kku dk ;qxhu fo'ks"kK 
ekuk tkrk gS vkSj ç—fr ds euksuqdwy thou'kSyh dk og ,d 
vfHkK] vn~Hkqr vkSj vuqHkoh lk/kd gksrk gSA bl lekt dk 
thou&n'kZu vkSj taxyksa ds bu jgokfl;ksa ds 'kk'or ewY;cks/k 
bl ckr dks c[kwch n'kkZrs gSa fd isM+ksa&ouLifr;ksa ds vykok vU; 
fdLe ds çk—frd vo;oksa ij vk/kkfjr budk yksdKku vikj 
vkSj vlhfer gSA cs'kd] buds lekt dh jpuk vkSj mls cuk, 
thou'kSyh
ç—fr ls vkfRed laca/k% uoacj 2018 esa taxy dks cpkus ds fy, ,d tu vkanksyu ds fgLls ds :i esa vksfM'kk ds 
f>adjxM+h esa efgykvksa us isM+ksa dks xys yxk;kA
34
flracj 2022
j[kus dh çfrc)rk bruh csfelky gksrh gS tks budh igpku ds 
fofHkUu lEcks/kuksa esa Hkh bUgsa ç—frthoh gksuk crkrk gSA
2
blesa dksbZ 'kd ugha fd thou dk rRo&cks/k vkfnoklh 
lekt ls csgrj Hkyk dkSu tkurk gS] tks dgrk gS] lsuxs lqlqu] 
dkftxs nqjax---
3
 ;kuh pyuk u`R; gS vkSj cksyuk xhr&laxhr 
gSA ;gh thou gSA th&rksM+ esgur ds ckn nsj jkr rd ekSle 
dh ijokg fd, fcuk xkao ds lkjs yksxksa dk v[kM+k ¼lkoZtfud 
[kqyk LFky½ esa lkFk&lkFk ukpuk vkSj xkuk pyrk gSA clar esa 
ljgqy [kqf'k;ksa dk iSxke ekuk tkrk gS tc ç—fr iwjs ;kSou 
ij gksrh gSA Qlyksa ls ?kj vkSj Qyksa&Qwyksa ls taxy Hkjk jgrk 
gSA fdruk [kwclwjr gS ;g lquuk fd ç—frthoh vkfnoklh ,slk 
ekurs gSa fd ç—fr fdlh dks Hkw[kk ugha jgus nsrh gSA
vkfnoklh 'kCn dk ç;ksx ewyr% mu fuokfl;ksa ds fy, fd;k 
tkrk gS ftudk ml HkkSxksfyd {ks= ds Kkr bfrgkl ls iqjkuk 
laca/k jgk gS] tks {ks= lfn;ksa ls ?ku?kksj taxyksa ls vkPNkfnr jgs 
gSaA
4
 bl balkuh lewg dk bfrgkl taxyksa ds c<+us vkSj le`) 
gksus dk bfrgkl gSA
5
 mu taxyksa&t+ehuksa&ty ladk;ksa&ufn;ksa 
dks cpkus vkSj mUgsa lEiUu fd, tkus dk bfrgkl gS] u fd nks 
jktkvksa ds chp ijLij yM+kbZ;ksa ds ijkØe dk bfrgkl gSA ;fn 
vkfnokfl;ksa dks ^tutkfr^] ^ouoklh^] ^fxfjtu^] ^,scksfjftuy^] 
^bafMftul^] ^ns'kt^ vkfn ukeksa ls iqdkjrs gSa rks bu reke 
'kCnksa vkSj lEcks/kuksa ds vius rdZ gSa tks dgha u dgha ls mUgsa 
ty&t+ehu&taxy vkSj tkuoj ls Hkjh lEinkvksa dk lcls 
djhch gksuk lkfcr djrk gSA
6
 bl lEcU/k esa varjjk"Vªh; Jfed 
laxBu ¼vkbZ,yvks½ ds dUosa'ku esa vkfnokfl;ksa ds ckjs esa O;ä 
ml er dk mYys[k t+:jh gS tks taxyksa ds bu jgokfl;ksa dh 
iwjh vkcknh dks nks Hkkxksa esa ck¡V dj ns[krk gSA ^igyk Hkkx mu 
ns'kkojh yksxksa dk gS tks bafMtsul dgs tkrs gSaA^
bafMtsul gksuk gh t+ehu ls tqM+dj Kku dh mu ijEijkvksa 
dks le`) djuk gS tks buds thus dk vk/kkj Hkh gS vkSj budh 
rkdr HkhA dUosa'ku esa vkxs o.kZu gS fd ^balkuh vkcknh ds chp 
dqN ,sls oa'k gSa tks mifuos'kdky esa ;k jkT; dh lhekvksa dh 
LFkkiuk ds le; vius [kkl HkkSxksfyd {ks= esa jgrs FksA tks 
oa'kkuqxr çokg esa viuh t+ehu] vius bykds vkSj ,d [kkl {ks= 
esa rHkh ls jgrs pys vk jgs gSaA^ ;kuh mudh clkgVksa dk dksbZ 
fuf'pr dky[kaM r; ugha gS cfYd lH;rk ds fodflr gksus dh 
çfØ;k esa vkfnoklh Hkh taxyksa vkSj igkM+ksa ds 'kj.kkxr gq,A 
fnypLi igyw ;gh gS fd mudh ;qxhu thou'kSyh dh Js"Brk 
bruh yqHkkrh gS fd iknjh ls u`foKkuh cus osfj;j ,fYou dgrs 
gSa fd ^vkfnoklh lekt vkSj lH;rk rFkkdfFkr lH; dgh tkus 
okyh vk/kqfud tkfr;ksa ls dgha T+;knk Js"B gSA^ ;g mudk 
O;fäxr vuqHko gS tks mudh reke —fr;ksa esa ckj&ckj [kqydj 
lkeus vkrk gSA
tutkrh; lkekftd vkSj jktuhfrd O;oLFkk vius Lo'kklu 
ds fy, Louke /kU; gSA ns'k dh reke eqYdh yM+kb;ksa esa blh 
Lo'kklu dks ysdj mudh laosnu'khyrk ckj&ckj dksy&eqaMk 
ls ysdj ntZu Hkj vkfnoklh tkfr;ksa dks mdlkrh jgh gSA 
D;ksafd vkfnokfl;ksa dh /kkj.kk,a vius lekt dh et+cwrh ds 
tfj, ml ekuork dks cjdjkj j[kus dh ea'kk j[krk gS tgk¡ 
balku gh ugha cfYd reke çk—frd lalk/ku thoar gksrs gSaA 
mudk Lo'kklu O;fäxr ugha] cfYd lkewfgd O;oLFkk gSA 
eryc muds lekt esa lÙkk O;fä&dsafær ugha gksrh gSA blls 
muds jhfr&fjokt] laL—fr vkSj Hkk"kk dh vfLerk tqM+h gksrh 
gSA
7
 lkewfgdrk vkfnoklh lekt dh vkRek gS] iwtk dk fo/kku 
Hkh lkewfgd gSA buesa O;fä iwtk ugha gS] dksbZ iqjksfgr ugha gSA 
fookg dh jLe esa vkfnoklh yksx yM+dh [kjhnrs gSaA buesa iqtkjh 
cuus dh Hkh ,d jLe gksrh gSA os eqxhZ dh iwtk djds mls NksM+ 
nsrs gSaA 'kke dks og ftlds ?kj esa ?kql tk,] mlh ?kj dk Lokeh 
rhu lky ds fy, iqtkjh gks tkrk gSA ,slh u tkus fdruh jLesa 
gSa tks euq"; vkSj i'kq&if{k;ksa ds chp ds rkjrE; dks n'kkZrh gSaA
vkfnokfl;ksa ds ç—frthoh gksus dh dgkuh Hkh jkspd gSA 
;g muds iwoZtksa dh ilan dk urhtk gSA ,d ut+j gt+kjksa 
lky igys ds bfrgkl ij&vk[ksV ls vkxs c<+dj tc lewph 
lH;rk i'kqikyu vkSj ckn esa —f"k viukuk ilan dj jgh Fkh 
rks ns'k dh ,d cM+h vkcknh taxyksa esa gh jg xbZA ifjokj] 
futh laifÙk vkSj jkT; dh mRifÙk esa ¶jsMfjd ,saxYl fy[krs gSa 
fd ^/;ku nsus dh ckr gS fd ccZj ;qx ls vkxs dqN i'kqvksa dks 
ikyrw cuk pqds vkfne lekt ds chp [ksrh dh ço`fÙk 'kq: gqbZ 
rks lc ds lc [ksrh&fdlkuh ;k i'kqikyu ls ugha tqM+sA^ cfYd 
lH;rk ds ,d cM+s fgLls taxyksa esa jgdj viuh vkfnerk esa 
jguk ilan fd;kA mUgksaus —f"k deZ vkaf'kd rkSj ls viuk fy;k 
D;ksafd os vius xksfr;k yksxksa ds laidZ esa t+:j Fks vkSj yEcs 
dkykuqØe esa taxyksa esa gh f'kdkj&vk[ksV] ouksit laxzg djrs 
gq, ckal&[kjirokj ls vius fjgkb'k ds fuekZ.k ls ft+Unxh thus 
yxsA bl fuekZ.k dh vyx&vyx 'kSyh mHkj dj lkeus vk;h 
tks LFkkuh; ekSle&ckfj'k ls ysdj miyC/k taxy ds lalk/kuksa 
ij fuHkZj FkhA
8
 tSls >kj[k.M esa canjksa dks ekjdj [kkus okys 
fcjgksjksa us lk[kw ds iÙkksa ls ?kj cuk;k rks rfeyukMq] dukZVd 
vkSj dsjy esa QSyh uhyfxfj dh igkfM+;ksa esa VksMk vkfnokfl;ksa 
us viuk ?kj fcydqy vaMkdkj vkdkj esa cuk;kA D;ksafd ogka 
ckfj'k vf/kd gksrh gS rks Nrksa ls ikuh dk rRdky cguk t+:jh 
gSA xqQkvksa ls fudydj lH;rk dk Lokn lwa?krs vkfnokfl;ksa dh 
;g igyh VsDuksy‚th Fkh] tks vkt Hkh ekStwn gSA
[ksrh viuk pqdh balkuh vkcknh us ?kjksa ds fuekZ.k ds lkFk 
cfLr;ka clkdj lH;rk ds dbZ pj.k iwjs fd,A
9
 tks taxyksa esa 
Fks] mUgksaus x`gLFkh dh /kheh çfØ;k dks cjdjkj j[kk tcfd 
35
flracj 2022
xzke ds jgokfl;ksa us vukt dwVus vkSj ihlus ds lk/kuksa dk 
vkfo"dkj fd;kA lkekftd O;oLFkk vkSj balkuh vfLrRo ds ckjs 
esa vkbZ,yvks ds dUosa'ku esa vkxs O;k[;k gS fd ^bu yksxksa us 
viuh lkekftd] vkfFkZd] lkaL—frd vkSj jktuhfrd laLFkkvksa 
dks cuk, j[kk gS] pkgs mudh dkuwuh fLFkfr tSlh Hkh jgh gks 
;k orZeku esa og fLFkfr dqN Hkh gksA bl çdkj mudh ns'kt 
vkLFkk,a] LokfHkeku vkSj ewY; gh mudh igpku gSA^ nwljs oxZ esa 
Vªkbcy ihiqy ds rkSj ij O;k[;k gSA bl oxZ dk uxjhdj.k ;k 
vk/kqfudhdj.k ls dksbZ okLrk ugha FkkA ;kuh jkT; dh vo/kkj.kk 
ds reke ?kVdksa vkSj xq.kdksa ls os lc ds lc nwj jgsA os taxyksa 
ds Fks] taxyksa esa Fks vkSj taxyksa ds fy, FksA fygktk] mudh 
thou'kSyh esa ç—fr dk [kkfyliu vkt Hkh ns[kus dks feyrk 
gSA ukxj lekt bu vkfnokfl;ksa dks ysdj tSlk Hkh fy[ks ;k 
tks Hkh çpkfjr djs ysfdu os vkfnoklh fdlh Hkh lwjr esa vius 
fdlh vlH; O;ogkjksa ds cnuke ugha FksA os vius fBdkuksa esa] 
viuh lhekvksa esa nqnkaZr Hkh ugha FksA Hkkokfrjsd ;k egRokdka{kkvksa 
ds fy, vkØkark gksuk mudh xfrfof/k;ksa dk vfHkçk; ugha FkkA 
os /kkfeZd vkpj.kksa ;k vkthfodk dh çfØ;kvksa ds chp vk{ksid 
ugha Fks] c'krsZ mUgsa ;g vk'kadk u lrk;s fd mudk vfLrRo 
[krjs esa gSA
taxyksa vkSj igkM+ksa esa jgus okys mu vkfnokfl;ksa dk viuk 
lkgp;Z ls Hkjk lekt jgk gSA ,d cstksM+ lkaL—frd ewY;cks/k 
jgk gSA çk—frd vo;oksa ij vk/kkfjr vkfFkZd ra= jgk gS tks 
ckn esa [ksrh&i'kqikyu vkSj vk[ksV dh ,d fefJr O;oLFkk esa 
rCnhy gks x;k FkkA ;kuh ^mudh lkekftd] lkaL—frd vkSj 
vkfFkZd fLFkfr;k¡ mUgsa jk"Vªh; leqnk; ds vU; oxksaZ ls vyx 
djrh gSaA^ dgus dk vk'k; gS fd ftUgsa vkt ge vkfnoklh 
dgrs gSa] tutkfr dgrs gSa] ftUgsa ouoklh Hkh dgk tkrk gS] 
mudk lekt vyx fdLe dk jgk gSA ml lekt ds yksdkpkj 
dh fo/kk,¡ taxyksa&igkM+ksa vkSj ufn;ksa ds lkFk lesfdr jgha gSaA 
lkekftd ekU;rk,a] lkaL—frd le> vkSj vkLFkkvksa ls tqM+h 
laosnuk,a fdlh vU; çdkj dh vo/kkj.kkvksa dks ikslrh gqbZ ut+j 
vkrha gSaA mudh lkekftd ço`fÙk vkSj mudk lkaL—frd >qdko 
lkewfgdrk dks c<+kok nsrs gq, O;fä ls O;fä dks tksM+us dk 
fo'okl iSnk djus esa leFkZ fn[krk gSA
fnypLi ckr ;gh gS fd lH;rkvksa ds fodflr gksus ds 
nkSj ls nwj vkfnokfl;ksa us ftl thoucks/k ij dk;e jgdj 
ft+Unxh dks lq[kn cuk;k fdUrq dgha Hkh miHkksx vkSj foykflrk 
dh xqatkb'k ugha jgus nhA laxzg dh ladYiuk vkSj euksHkkoksa 
dks iwath ;k laifÙk ls dHkh ugha tksM+kA cfYd Hkkstu laxzg vkSj 
vukt tqVkus rd [kqn dks lhfer j[kk FkkA muds chp opZLo 
dh yM+kbZ viuh ojh;rk dks ysdj jgh] laifÙk ds uke ij mUgksaus 
lc dks leku le>kA thus dk vf/kdkj gj fdlh dks gS vkSj 
viuh 'krksaZ ds lkFk gj dksbZ thrk gSA egt euksjatu ds oDr 
ljgqy ioZ eukrs ljuk vkfnoklh
36
flracj 2022
os ,dtqV ugha gksrs gSa cfYd [ksrh&fdlkuh&vukt fudkyus 
ls ysdj f'kdkj djus os >q.M esa tkrs jgs gSaA ;g vkfnoklh 
thou&n'kZu dk eq[; QylQk gSA Hkkjr ds lanHkZ esa vkfnoklh 
thou ds çkphu thou'kSyh ls ysdj vkt+knh feyus ds cgqr 
n'kdksa ckn rd Øekxr ft+Unxh ds dqN vcw> oSf'k"V~î y{k.k 
jgs gSaA ;gk¡ rd fd ;qokiu ds nLrd nsus ds Bhd igys 'k;u 
dh tks O;oLFkk Fkh] og Hkh lkewfgd Lrj ij pyk;h tkrh 
FkhA Hkkstu&mRlo&euksjatu vkSj eSFkqu dh lkewfgd O;oLFkk 
lokZuqefr ewyd O;oLFkk esa lapkfyr gksus ls fdlh vkfnoklh esa 
,dkdhiu ugha vkrk FkkA
vkfnoklh thou'kSyh esa vkcksgok ls ysdj vU; rjg ds 
çk—frd vo;oksa dh csgrjhu Hkwfedk çR;{k rkSj ls ns[kh tk 
ldrh gSA buds iwoZt gokvksa esa çk.k&ok;q cudj jgrs gSa vkSj 
ekSleh ?kVkvksa esa tk ?kqyrs gSaA blfy, iwoZtksa ls yxko j[kus 
ds fy, gokvksa dk 'kq) gksuk budh ft+Unxh dh çkFkfedrk gS 
rks cknyksa dk fujarj vkrs jguk mudh vkfRed bPNk gksrh 
gSA bu nksuksa ds fy, isM+ksa dh ekStwnxh pkfg,A isM+ksa dk egÙo 
vkfnokfl;ksa ds thou dk eeZ gSA og muesa viuh vkRek ryk'krs 
gSaA ,slh ekU;rk gS fd mu isM+ksa dh 'kk[kkvksa esa lkjs dqVqEcksa 
dk okl jgrk gSA mu e`rkRekvksa dh ;knsa xk¡o dh ljgn ij 
lth f'kykvksa esa lekfgr gks tkrh gSa ftls ^llunhjh^ dgrs 
gSaA
10
 llunhjh muds viuksa dk çrhd gS tks xkaoksa dh lhek r; 
djrk gSA blh çfØ;k esa os igkM+ksa dks iwtrs gSaA mldk euqgkj 
djrs gSa fd gekjs lkFk cus jfg;sA gj u, dke ds igys iRFkjksa 
esa jgrs vius dqynsorkvksa dks vkSj iwoZtksa dks ;kn fd, tkus dk 
fjokt+ gS vkSj taxyksa esa tkus ds igys fdlh f'kyk&iwtu ls dksbZ 
vkfnoklh lekt vNwrk ugha jgrk gSA
vkKk ysuk vkSj iwoZtksa dks eukdj pyuk [kkl rjg dh 
oSpkfjd i)fr gS tks VksVe ds rkSj ij tkuh tkrh gSA ml VksVse 
Hkh ouLifr;ksa dk mi;ksx gS] mu Qwy&ifr;ksa dk lEeku gS tks 
[kkl ekSle esa f[kyrs gSa] Qwyrs gSa vkSj Qyrs gSaA VksVse ds fy, 
egRoiw.kZ Qwy vkfnokfl;ksa esa iwtuh; cu tkrs gSaA
11
 VksVse dh 
ekU;rk vkSj mlds çfr yksd vkLFkk;sa csgn egRoiw.kZ gksrha gSaA 
fdonafr;ksa ds eqrkfcd tc egkHkkjr dk ;q) py jgk Fkk] rc 
vkfnokfl;ksa us ;q) esa dkSjoksa dk lkFk fn;k Fkk] ftl dkj.k 
dbZ eqaMk ljnkj ikaMoksa ds gkFkksa ekjs x, FksA blfy, muds 'koksa 
dks igpkuus ds fy, muds 'kjhj dks lky ds o`{kksa ds iÙkksa vkSj 
'kk[kkvksa ls <dk x;k FkkA bl ;q) esa ,slk ns[kk x;k fd tks 
'ko lky ds iÙkksa ls <ads x, Fks] os reke 'ko lM+us ls cp x, 
Fks vkSj fcydqy Bhd FksA fdUrq tks vU; phtksa ls <ads x, Fks] os 
reke 'ko lM+ x, FksA ,slk ekuk tkrk gS fd blds ckn lky 
ds isM+ksa vkSj iÙkksa ij vkfnokfl;ksa dk fo'okl c<+ x;kA ,slk 
Hkh ekuk tkrk gS fd vk/kqfud ;qx esa ljgqy ioZ ds :i esa mlh 
?kVuk dks ;kn djrs gq, euk;k tkrk gS ftlesa lky ds isM+ vkSj 
iÙks lcls T+;knk egRo j[krs gSaA ysfdu >kj[kaM ds vkfnokfl;ksa 
dk ,slk dguk gS fd egkHkkjr ;q) ds cgqr igys gh ;g o`{k 
mudh vkLFkkvksa dk dsaæ cu pqdk FkkA
vkfnokfl;ksa dk dYio`{k egqvk gSA
12
 tSls fgUnqvksa esa rqylh 
dh ifo=rk dh ,d ls ,d vkf[;dk,¡ gSa oSls gh vkfnokfl;ksa 
ds chp egqvk ifo= gSA
13
 ;g Qwy vkfnokfl;ksa dh [kqf'k;ksa dk 
ehVj gS D;ksafd ikjEifjd vFkZO;oLFkk dh jh<+ ds rkSj ij bldh 
ekU;rk jgh gSA ;kuh egqvk vPNk rks lky Hkj dh x`gLFkh dk 
dke vPNkA ugha rks lHkh rjg ds [kpsZ Vkyus iM+rs gSaA egqvk dh 
rjg ç—fr ds reke tho vkSj ouLifr;ka vkfnokfl;ksa ds fy, 
fdruh egRoiw.kZ gSa] ,slh ftKklk t+:j gksrh gSA vksfM'kk ds 
lhek ds lkFk tqM+s >kj[k.M ds dksYgku bykds esa ijEijk gS fd 
?kj ds u, nkekn ;k csVk dsdM+k idM+us [ksrksa esa tkrs gSaA muds 
}kjk idM+s x, dsdM+s dks lky isM+ ds iÙkksa ls yisVdj jlksbZ 
esa pwYgs ds lkeus mls Vkax fn;k tkrk gSA vk"kk<+ vkrs&vkrs 
dsdM+k dc dk ej pqdk gksrk gS vkSj rc [ksrksa esa cht cksus ds 
le; dsdM+k dk pw.kZ cukdj cht ds lkFk [ksr esa cks;k tkrk 
gSA bl ijEijk dks ysdj ,slh ekU;rk gS fd dsdM+k ds iSj dh 
rjg Qly esa o`f) gksxhA vkfnoklh lekt esa ,slh ekU;rk gS 
fd ,slk djus ls ?kj esa [kq'kgkyh vkrh gSA Qlyksa esa o`f) ds 
fy, leqfpr cjlkr dk gksuk Hkh t+:jh gSA >kj[kaM ds iykew 
vkSj mÙkj çns'k ds lksuHkæ ft+yksa esa mjkao tutkfr ds iqtkjh 
¼ikguksa½ <ksy&ekanj ctkrs gq, djhc dh unh] rkykc ;k dq,a ls 
nks ?kM+ksa esa ikuh ykdj ljukLFky ds mÙkj vkSj nf{k.k fn'kk esa 
mUgsa j[kk tkrk gSA ikuh dh xgjkbZ lky ds rus ls ukih tkrh 
gSA fQj nwljs fnu ?kM+s esa ikuh dks mlh rus ls ukik tkrk gSA 
ikuh ds de gksus ;k uk gksus ij bl lky o"kkZ dk vuqeku 
fd;k tkrk gSA
ljgqy ioZ euk jgs vkfnokfl;ksa dh ,d çFkk [kklrkSj ls 
mYys[kuh; gS tks buds ç—fr çse dh thoar ckuxh gSA vksfM'kk 
esa iwtk ds fnu muds iqtkjh cSxk ls vk'kh"k ysdj ?kM+s esa f[kpM+h 
idkbZ tkrh gSA budh ekU;rk gS fd ?kM+s ds ftl vksj ls 
f[kpM+h mcyuk 'kq: gks] mlh fn'kk ls cjlkr dk vkxeu gksrk 
gS ;kuh mlh fn'kk ls ckny vk,axs] cjlsaxsA blds ckn tc cSxk 
vkSj muds lkFk vU; iqtkjh f[kpM+h [kkrs gSa] rks muds ihNs dh 
t+ehu ij FkksM+h nwj ij vkx tyk;h tkrh gSA ;fn cSxk iqtkjh 
vkx dh xehZ cnkZ'r djrs gq, 'kkafriw.kZ <ax ls f[kpM+h [kkrs gSa] 
rks xkao esa lq[k&'kkafr jgrh gS] ,slk eku fy;k tkrk gSA fdUrq 
tgka vkx ;k xehZ cnkZ'r dj ikuk eqf'dy gksrk gS rks ,slk 
le>k tkrk gS fd xkao esa ePNj] chekjh lfgr vU; çdkj dk 
dgj vkus okyk gSA blfy, ljgqy ljuk iwtk vkfnokfl;ksa ds 
fy, cgqr egRoiw.kZ gSA mÙkj rFkk iwohZ Hkkjr ds jkT;ksa >kj[k.M] 
Page 5


33
flracj 2022
vkfnoklh lekt vyx fdLe dk jgk gSA ml lekt ds yksdkpkj dh fo/kk,¡ taxyksa&igkM+ksa vkSj ufn;ksa ds 
lkFk lesfdr jgh gSaA lkekftd ekU;rk,a] lkaL—frd le> vkSj vkLFkkvksa ls tqM+h laosnuk,a fdlh vU; çdkj 
dh vo/kkj.kkvksa dks ikslrh gqbZ ut+j vkrh gSaA mudh lkekftd ço`fÙk vkSj mudk lkaL—frd >qdko lkewfgdrk 
dks c<+kok nsrs gq, O;fä ls O;fä dks tksM+us dk fo'okl iSnk djus esa leFkZ fn[krk gSA vkfnoklh thou'kSyh 
esa vkcksgok ls ysdj vU; rjg ds çk—frd vo;oksa dh csgrjhu Hkwfedk çR;{k rkSj ls ns[kh tk ldrh gSA isM+ksa 
dh iwtk vkSj lqlaxr rjhds ls mUgsa dkVus dk vuq'kklu tutkrh; lekt esa ;qxksa ls gSA bl ckr dks u;h 
ih<+h dks le>uk gksxkA bl lekt dh vufxur ihf<+;ksa us viuh lksp] Hkkoukvksa] thou'kSyh] vius yksdkpkj] 
thou&O;ogkj] /keZ] vkLFkkvksa vkSj laLdkjksa esa ç—fr dks dsaæ esa j[kdj ftl dqnjr dks cpk;k gS] mls cpkdj 
j[kuk gekjk cqfu;knh drZO; gSA
vkfnokfl;ksa dk izd`fr izse
µ vejsaæ fd'kksj  
vkfnoklh ;kuh ewy fuoklh&ç—fr dk jgoklhA igkM+ksa vkSj 
taxyksa esa clh cfLr;ksa dk fuoklhA nqfu;k Hkj esa bl 'kCn ds 
lkFk ;gh rLohj vareZu esa vkrh gS fd ,slk lekt tks taxyksa esa 
jgrk pyk vk;k gSA ç—fr ds chp jgdj] mlds lkFk lkeatL; 
fcBkdj og tSo&lalk/kuksa dk çkphu vkSj lPpk j[kokyk gksrk 
gSA
1
 ,d vkfnoklh dqnjr ls tqM+s Kku dk ;qxhu fo'ks"kK 
ekuk tkrk gS vkSj ç—fr ds euksuqdwy thou'kSyh dk og ,d 
vfHkK] vn~Hkqr vkSj vuqHkoh lk/kd gksrk gSA bl lekt dk 
thou&n'kZu vkSj taxyksa ds bu jgokfl;ksa ds 'kk'or ewY;cks/k 
bl ckr dks c[kwch n'kkZrs gSa fd isM+ksa&ouLifr;ksa ds vykok vU; 
fdLe ds çk—frd vo;oksa ij vk/kkfjr budk yksdKku vikj 
vkSj vlhfer gSA cs'kd] buds lekt dh jpuk vkSj mls cuk, 
thou'kSyh
ç—fr ls vkfRed laca/k% uoacj 2018 esa taxy dks cpkus ds fy, ,d tu vkanksyu ds fgLls ds :i esa vksfM'kk ds 
f>adjxM+h esa efgykvksa us isM+ksa dks xys yxk;kA
34
flracj 2022
j[kus dh çfrc)rk bruh csfelky gksrh gS tks budh igpku ds 
fofHkUu lEcks/kuksa esa Hkh bUgsa ç—frthoh gksuk crkrk gSA
2
blesa dksbZ 'kd ugha fd thou dk rRo&cks/k vkfnoklh 
lekt ls csgrj Hkyk dkSu tkurk gS] tks dgrk gS] lsuxs lqlqu] 
dkftxs nqjax---
3
 ;kuh pyuk u`R; gS vkSj cksyuk xhr&laxhr 
gSA ;gh thou gSA th&rksM+ esgur ds ckn nsj jkr rd ekSle 
dh ijokg fd, fcuk xkao ds lkjs yksxksa dk v[kM+k ¼lkoZtfud 
[kqyk LFky½ esa lkFk&lkFk ukpuk vkSj xkuk pyrk gSA clar esa 
ljgqy [kqf'k;ksa dk iSxke ekuk tkrk gS tc ç—fr iwjs ;kSou 
ij gksrh gSA Qlyksa ls ?kj vkSj Qyksa&Qwyksa ls taxy Hkjk jgrk 
gSA fdruk [kwclwjr gS ;g lquuk fd ç—frthoh vkfnoklh ,slk 
ekurs gSa fd ç—fr fdlh dks Hkw[kk ugha jgus nsrh gSA
vkfnoklh 'kCn dk ç;ksx ewyr% mu fuokfl;ksa ds fy, fd;k 
tkrk gS ftudk ml HkkSxksfyd {ks= ds Kkr bfrgkl ls iqjkuk 
laca/k jgk gS] tks {ks= lfn;ksa ls ?ku?kksj taxyksa ls vkPNkfnr jgs 
gSaA
4
 bl balkuh lewg dk bfrgkl taxyksa ds c<+us vkSj le`) 
gksus dk bfrgkl gSA
5
 mu taxyksa&t+ehuksa&ty ladk;ksa&ufn;ksa 
dks cpkus vkSj mUgsa lEiUu fd, tkus dk bfrgkl gS] u fd nks 
jktkvksa ds chp ijLij yM+kbZ;ksa ds ijkØe dk bfrgkl gSA ;fn 
vkfnokfl;ksa dks ^tutkfr^] ^ouoklh^] ^fxfjtu^] ^,scksfjftuy^] 
^bafMftul^] ^ns'kt^ vkfn ukeksa ls iqdkjrs gSa rks bu reke 
'kCnksa vkSj lEcks/kuksa ds vius rdZ gSa tks dgha u dgha ls mUgsa 
ty&t+ehu&taxy vkSj tkuoj ls Hkjh lEinkvksa dk lcls 
djhch gksuk lkfcr djrk gSA
6
 bl lEcU/k esa varjjk"Vªh; Jfed 
laxBu ¼vkbZ,yvks½ ds dUosa'ku esa vkfnokfl;ksa ds ckjs esa O;ä 
ml er dk mYys[k t+:jh gS tks taxyksa ds bu jgokfl;ksa dh 
iwjh vkcknh dks nks Hkkxksa esa ck¡V dj ns[krk gSA ^igyk Hkkx mu 
ns'kkojh yksxksa dk gS tks bafMtsul dgs tkrs gSaA^
bafMtsul gksuk gh t+ehu ls tqM+dj Kku dh mu ijEijkvksa 
dks le`) djuk gS tks buds thus dk vk/kkj Hkh gS vkSj budh 
rkdr HkhA dUosa'ku esa vkxs o.kZu gS fd ^balkuh vkcknh ds chp 
dqN ,sls oa'k gSa tks mifuos'kdky esa ;k jkT; dh lhekvksa dh 
LFkkiuk ds le; vius [kkl HkkSxksfyd {ks= esa jgrs FksA tks 
oa'kkuqxr çokg esa viuh t+ehu] vius bykds vkSj ,d [kkl {ks= 
esa rHkh ls jgrs pys vk jgs gSaA^ ;kuh mudh clkgVksa dk dksbZ 
fuf'pr dky[kaM r; ugha gS cfYd lH;rk ds fodflr gksus dh 
çfØ;k esa vkfnoklh Hkh taxyksa vkSj igkM+ksa ds 'kj.kkxr gq,A 
fnypLi igyw ;gh gS fd mudh ;qxhu thou'kSyh dh Js"Brk 
bruh yqHkkrh gS fd iknjh ls u`foKkuh cus osfj;j ,fYou dgrs 
gSa fd ^vkfnoklh lekt vkSj lH;rk rFkkdfFkr lH; dgh tkus 
okyh vk/kqfud tkfr;ksa ls dgha T+;knk Js"B gSA^ ;g mudk 
O;fäxr vuqHko gS tks mudh reke —fr;ksa esa ckj&ckj [kqydj 
lkeus vkrk gSA
tutkrh; lkekftd vkSj jktuhfrd O;oLFkk vius Lo'kklu 
ds fy, Louke /kU; gSA ns'k dh reke eqYdh yM+kb;ksa esa blh 
Lo'kklu dks ysdj mudh laosnu'khyrk ckj&ckj dksy&eqaMk 
ls ysdj ntZu Hkj vkfnoklh tkfr;ksa dks mdlkrh jgh gSA 
D;ksafd vkfnokfl;ksa dh /kkj.kk,a vius lekt dh et+cwrh ds 
tfj, ml ekuork dks cjdjkj j[kus dh ea'kk j[krk gS tgk¡ 
balku gh ugha cfYd reke çk—frd lalk/ku thoar gksrs gSaA 
mudk Lo'kklu O;fäxr ugha] cfYd lkewfgd O;oLFkk gSA 
eryc muds lekt esa lÙkk O;fä&dsafær ugha gksrh gSA blls 
muds jhfr&fjokt] laL—fr vkSj Hkk"kk dh vfLerk tqM+h gksrh 
gSA
7
 lkewfgdrk vkfnoklh lekt dh vkRek gS] iwtk dk fo/kku 
Hkh lkewfgd gSA buesa O;fä iwtk ugha gS] dksbZ iqjksfgr ugha gSA 
fookg dh jLe esa vkfnoklh yksx yM+dh [kjhnrs gSaA buesa iqtkjh 
cuus dh Hkh ,d jLe gksrh gSA os eqxhZ dh iwtk djds mls NksM+ 
nsrs gSaA 'kke dks og ftlds ?kj esa ?kql tk,] mlh ?kj dk Lokeh 
rhu lky ds fy, iqtkjh gks tkrk gSA ,slh u tkus fdruh jLesa 
gSa tks euq"; vkSj i'kq&if{k;ksa ds chp ds rkjrE; dks n'kkZrh gSaA
vkfnokfl;ksa ds ç—frthoh gksus dh dgkuh Hkh jkspd gSA 
;g muds iwoZtksa dh ilan dk urhtk gSA ,d ut+j gt+kjksa 
lky igys ds bfrgkl ij&vk[ksV ls vkxs c<+dj tc lewph 
lH;rk i'kqikyu vkSj ckn esa —f"k viukuk ilan dj jgh Fkh 
rks ns'k dh ,d cM+h vkcknh taxyksa esa gh jg xbZA ifjokj] 
futh laifÙk vkSj jkT; dh mRifÙk esa ¶jsMfjd ,saxYl fy[krs gSa 
fd ^/;ku nsus dh ckr gS fd ccZj ;qx ls vkxs dqN i'kqvksa dks 
ikyrw cuk pqds vkfne lekt ds chp [ksrh dh ço`fÙk 'kq: gqbZ 
rks lc ds lc [ksrh&fdlkuh ;k i'kqikyu ls ugha tqM+sA^ cfYd 
lH;rk ds ,d cM+s fgLls taxyksa esa jgdj viuh vkfnerk esa 
jguk ilan fd;kA mUgksaus —f"k deZ vkaf'kd rkSj ls viuk fy;k 
D;ksafd os vius xksfr;k yksxksa ds laidZ esa t+:j Fks vkSj yEcs 
dkykuqØe esa taxyksa esa gh f'kdkj&vk[ksV] ouksit laxzg djrs 
gq, ckal&[kjirokj ls vius fjgkb'k ds fuekZ.k ls ft+Unxh thus 
yxsA bl fuekZ.k dh vyx&vyx 'kSyh mHkj dj lkeus vk;h 
tks LFkkuh; ekSle&ckfj'k ls ysdj miyC/k taxy ds lalk/kuksa 
ij fuHkZj FkhA
8
 tSls >kj[k.M esa canjksa dks ekjdj [kkus okys 
fcjgksjksa us lk[kw ds iÙkksa ls ?kj cuk;k rks rfeyukMq] dukZVd 
vkSj dsjy esa QSyh uhyfxfj dh igkfM+;ksa esa VksMk vkfnokfl;ksa 
us viuk ?kj fcydqy vaMkdkj vkdkj esa cuk;kA D;ksafd ogka 
ckfj'k vf/kd gksrh gS rks Nrksa ls ikuh dk rRdky cguk t+:jh 
gSA xqQkvksa ls fudydj lH;rk dk Lokn lwa?krs vkfnokfl;ksa dh 
;g igyh VsDuksy‚th Fkh] tks vkt Hkh ekStwn gSA
[ksrh viuk pqdh balkuh vkcknh us ?kjksa ds fuekZ.k ds lkFk 
cfLr;ka clkdj lH;rk ds dbZ pj.k iwjs fd,A
9
 tks taxyksa esa 
Fks] mUgksaus x`gLFkh dh /kheh çfØ;k dks cjdjkj j[kk tcfd 
35
flracj 2022
xzke ds jgokfl;ksa us vukt dwVus vkSj ihlus ds lk/kuksa dk 
vkfo"dkj fd;kA lkekftd O;oLFkk vkSj balkuh vfLrRo ds ckjs 
esa vkbZ,yvks ds dUosa'ku esa vkxs O;k[;k gS fd ^bu yksxksa us 
viuh lkekftd] vkfFkZd] lkaL—frd vkSj jktuhfrd laLFkkvksa 
dks cuk, j[kk gS] pkgs mudh dkuwuh fLFkfr tSlh Hkh jgh gks 
;k orZeku esa og fLFkfr dqN Hkh gksA bl çdkj mudh ns'kt 
vkLFkk,a] LokfHkeku vkSj ewY; gh mudh igpku gSA^ nwljs oxZ esa 
Vªkbcy ihiqy ds rkSj ij O;k[;k gSA bl oxZ dk uxjhdj.k ;k 
vk/kqfudhdj.k ls dksbZ okLrk ugha FkkA ;kuh jkT; dh vo/kkj.kk 
ds reke ?kVdksa vkSj xq.kdksa ls os lc ds lc nwj jgsA os taxyksa 
ds Fks] taxyksa esa Fks vkSj taxyksa ds fy, FksA fygktk] mudh 
thou'kSyh esa ç—fr dk [kkfyliu vkt Hkh ns[kus dks feyrk 
gSA ukxj lekt bu vkfnokfl;ksa dks ysdj tSlk Hkh fy[ks ;k 
tks Hkh çpkfjr djs ysfdu os vkfnoklh fdlh Hkh lwjr esa vius 
fdlh vlH; O;ogkjksa ds cnuke ugha FksA os vius fBdkuksa esa] 
viuh lhekvksa esa nqnkaZr Hkh ugha FksA Hkkokfrjsd ;k egRokdka{kkvksa 
ds fy, vkØkark gksuk mudh xfrfof/k;ksa dk vfHkçk; ugha FkkA 
os /kkfeZd vkpj.kksa ;k vkthfodk dh çfØ;kvksa ds chp vk{ksid 
ugha Fks] c'krsZ mUgsa ;g vk'kadk u lrk;s fd mudk vfLrRo 
[krjs esa gSA
taxyksa vkSj igkM+ksa esa jgus okys mu vkfnokfl;ksa dk viuk 
lkgp;Z ls Hkjk lekt jgk gSA ,d cstksM+ lkaL—frd ewY;cks/k 
jgk gSA çk—frd vo;oksa ij vk/kkfjr vkfFkZd ra= jgk gS tks 
ckn esa [ksrh&i'kqikyu vkSj vk[ksV dh ,d fefJr O;oLFkk esa 
rCnhy gks x;k FkkA ;kuh ^mudh lkekftd] lkaL—frd vkSj 
vkfFkZd fLFkfr;k¡ mUgsa jk"Vªh; leqnk; ds vU; oxksaZ ls vyx 
djrh gSaA^ dgus dk vk'k; gS fd ftUgsa vkt ge vkfnoklh 
dgrs gSa] tutkfr dgrs gSa] ftUgsa ouoklh Hkh dgk tkrk gS] 
mudk lekt vyx fdLe dk jgk gSA ml lekt ds yksdkpkj 
dh fo/kk,¡ taxyksa&igkM+ksa vkSj ufn;ksa ds lkFk lesfdr jgha gSaA 
lkekftd ekU;rk,a] lkaL—frd le> vkSj vkLFkkvksa ls tqM+h 
laosnuk,a fdlh vU; çdkj dh vo/kkj.kkvksa dks ikslrh gqbZ ut+j 
vkrha gSaA mudh lkekftd ço`fÙk vkSj mudk lkaL—frd >qdko 
lkewfgdrk dks c<+kok nsrs gq, O;fä ls O;fä dks tksM+us dk 
fo'okl iSnk djus esa leFkZ fn[krk gSA
fnypLi ckr ;gh gS fd lH;rkvksa ds fodflr gksus ds 
nkSj ls nwj vkfnokfl;ksa us ftl thoucks/k ij dk;e jgdj 
ft+Unxh dks lq[kn cuk;k fdUrq dgha Hkh miHkksx vkSj foykflrk 
dh xqatkb'k ugha jgus nhA laxzg dh ladYiuk vkSj euksHkkoksa 
dks iwath ;k laifÙk ls dHkh ugha tksM+kA cfYd Hkkstu laxzg vkSj 
vukt tqVkus rd [kqn dks lhfer j[kk FkkA muds chp opZLo 
dh yM+kbZ viuh ojh;rk dks ysdj jgh] laifÙk ds uke ij mUgksaus 
lc dks leku le>kA thus dk vf/kdkj gj fdlh dks gS vkSj 
viuh 'krksaZ ds lkFk gj dksbZ thrk gSA egt euksjatu ds oDr 
ljgqy ioZ eukrs ljuk vkfnoklh
36
flracj 2022
os ,dtqV ugha gksrs gSa cfYd [ksrh&fdlkuh&vukt fudkyus 
ls ysdj f'kdkj djus os >q.M esa tkrs jgs gSaA ;g vkfnoklh 
thou&n'kZu dk eq[; QylQk gSA Hkkjr ds lanHkZ esa vkfnoklh 
thou ds çkphu thou'kSyh ls ysdj vkt+knh feyus ds cgqr 
n'kdksa ckn rd Øekxr ft+Unxh ds dqN vcw> oSf'k"V~î y{k.k 
jgs gSaA ;gk¡ rd fd ;qokiu ds nLrd nsus ds Bhd igys 'k;u 
dh tks O;oLFkk Fkh] og Hkh lkewfgd Lrj ij pyk;h tkrh 
FkhA Hkkstu&mRlo&euksjatu vkSj eSFkqu dh lkewfgd O;oLFkk 
lokZuqefr ewyd O;oLFkk esa lapkfyr gksus ls fdlh vkfnoklh esa 
,dkdhiu ugha vkrk FkkA
vkfnoklh thou'kSyh esa vkcksgok ls ysdj vU; rjg ds 
çk—frd vo;oksa dh csgrjhu Hkwfedk çR;{k rkSj ls ns[kh tk 
ldrh gSA buds iwoZt gokvksa esa çk.k&ok;q cudj jgrs gSa vkSj 
ekSleh ?kVkvksa esa tk ?kqyrs gSaA blfy, iwoZtksa ls yxko j[kus 
ds fy, gokvksa dk 'kq) gksuk budh ft+Unxh dh çkFkfedrk gS 
rks cknyksa dk fujarj vkrs jguk mudh vkfRed bPNk gksrh 
gSA bu nksuksa ds fy, isM+ksa dh ekStwnxh pkfg,A isM+ksa dk egÙo 
vkfnokfl;ksa ds thou dk eeZ gSA og muesa viuh vkRek ryk'krs 
gSaA ,slh ekU;rk gS fd mu isM+ksa dh 'kk[kkvksa esa lkjs dqVqEcksa 
dk okl jgrk gSA mu e`rkRekvksa dh ;knsa xk¡o dh ljgn ij 
lth f'kykvksa esa lekfgr gks tkrh gSa ftls ^llunhjh^ dgrs 
gSaA
10
 llunhjh muds viuksa dk çrhd gS tks xkaoksa dh lhek r; 
djrk gSA blh çfØ;k esa os igkM+ksa dks iwtrs gSaA mldk euqgkj 
djrs gSa fd gekjs lkFk cus jfg;sA gj u, dke ds igys iRFkjksa 
esa jgrs vius dqynsorkvksa dks vkSj iwoZtksa dks ;kn fd, tkus dk 
fjokt+ gS vkSj taxyksa esa tkus ds igys fdlh f'kyk&iwtu ls dksbZ 
vkfnoklh lekt vNwrk ugha jgrk gSA
vkKk ysuk vkSj iwoZtksa dks eukdj pyuk [kkl rjg dh 
oSpkfjd i)fr gS tks VksVe ds rkSj ij tkuh tkrh gSA ml VksVse 
Hkh ouLifr;ksa dk mi;ksx gS] mu Qwy&ifr;ksa dk lEeku gS tks 
[kkl ekSle esa f[kyrs gSa] Qwyrs gSa vkSj Qyrs gSaA VksVse ds fy, 
egRoiw.kZ Qwy vkfnokfl;ksa esa iwtuh; cu tkrs gSaA
11
 VksVse dh 
ekU;rk vkSj mlds çfr yksd vkLFkk;sa csgn egRoiw.kZ gksrha gSaA 
fdonafr;ksa ds eqrkfcd tc egkHkkjr dk ;q) py jgk Fkk] rc 
vkfnokfl;ksa us ;q) esa dkSjoksa dk lkFk fn;k Fkk] ftl dkj.k 
dbZ eqaMk ljnkj ikaMoksa ds gkFkksa ekjs x, FksA blfy, muds 'koksa 
dks igpkuus ds fy, muds 'kjhj dks lky ds o`{kksa ds iÙkksa vkSj 
'kk[kkvksa ls <dk x;k FkkA bl ;q) esa ,slk ns[kk x;k fd tks 
'ko lky ds iÙkksa ls <ads x, Fks] os reke 'ko lM+us ls cp x, 
Fks vkSj fcydqy Bhd FksA fdUrq tks vU; phtksa ls <ads x, Fks] os 
reke 'ko lM+ x, FksA ,slk ekuk tkrk gS fd blds ckn lky 
ds isM+ksa vkSj iÙkksa ij vkfnokfl;ksa dk fo'okl c<+ x;kA ,slk 
Hkh ekuk tkrk gS fd vk/kqfud ;qx esa ljgqy ioZ ds :i esa mlh 
?kVuk dks ;kn djrs gq, euk;k tkrk gS ftlesa lky ds isM+ vkSj 
iÙks lcls T+;knk egRo j[krs gSaA ysfdu >kj[kaM ds vkfnokfl;ksa 
dk ,slk dguk gS fd egkHkkjr ;q) ds cgqr igys gh ;g o`{k 
mudh vkLFkkvksa dk dsaæ cu pqdk FkkA
vkfnokfl;ksa dk dYio`{k egqvk gSA
12
 tSls fgUnqvksa esa rqylh 
dh ifo=rk dh ,d ls ,d vkf[;dk,¡ gSa oSls gh vkfnokfl;ksa 
ds chp egqvk ifo= gSA
13
 ;g Qwy vkfnokfl;ksa dh [kqf'k;ksa dk 
ehVj gS D;ksafd ikjEifjd vFkZO;oLFkk dh jh<+ ds rkSj ij bldh 
ekU;rk jgh gSA ;kuh egqvk vPNk rks lky Hkj dh x`gLFkh dk 
dke vPNkA ugha rks lHkh rjg ds [kpsZ Vkyus iM+rs gSaA egqvk dh 
rjg ç—fr ds reke tho vkSj ouLifr;ka vkfnokfl;ksa ds fy, 
fdruh egRoiw.kZ gSa] ,slh ftKklk t+:j gksrh gSA vksfM'kk ds 
lhek ds lkFk tqM+s >kj[k.M ds dksYgku bykds esa ijEijk gS fd 
?kj ds u, nkekn ;k csVk dsdM+k idM+us [ksrksa esa tkrs gSaA muds 
}kjk idM+s x, dsdM+s dks lky isM+ ds iÙkksa ls yisVdj jlksbZ 
esa pwYgs ds lkeus mls Vkax fn;k tkrk gSA vk"kk<+ vkrs&vkrs 
dsdM+k dc dk ej pqdk gksrk gS vkSj rc [ksrksa esa cht cksus ds 
le; dsdM+k dk pw.kZ cukdj cht ds lkFk [ksr esa cks;k tkrk 
gSA bl ijEijk dks ysdj ,slh ekU;rk gS fd dsdM+k ds iSj dh 
rjg Qly esa o`f) gksxhA vkfnoklh lekt esa ,slh ekU;rk gS 
fd ,slk djus ls ?kj esa [kq'kgkyh vkrh gSA Qlyksa esa o`f) ds 
fy, leqfpr cjlkr dk gksuk Hkh t+:jh gSA >kj[kaM ds iykew 
vkSj mÙkj çns'k ds lksuHkæ ft+yksa esa mjkao tutkfr ds iqtkjh 
¼ikguksa½ <ksy&ekanj ctkrs gq, djhc dh unh] rkykc ;k dq,a ls 
nks ?kM+ksa esa ikuh ykdj ljukLFky ds mÙkj vkSj nf{k.k fn'kk esa 
mUgsa j[kk tkrk gSA ikuh dh xgjkbZ lky ds rus ls ukih tkrh 
gSA fQj nwljs fnu ?kM+s esa ikuh dks mlh rus ls ukik tkrk gSA 
ikuh ds de gksus ;k uk gksus ij bl lky o"kkZ dk vuqeku 
fd;k tkrk gSA
ljgqy ioZ euk jgs vkfnokfl;ksa dh ,d çFkk [kklrkSj ls 
mYys[kuh; gS tks buds ç—fr çse dh thoar ckuxh gSA vksfM'kk 
esa iwtk ds fnu muds iqtkjh cSxk ls vk'kh"k ysdj ?kM+s esa f[kpM+h 
idkbZ tkrh gSA budh ekU;rk gS fd ?kM+s ds ftl vksj ls 
f[kpM+h mcyuk 'kq: gks] mlh fn'kk ls cjlkr dk vkxeu gksrk 
gS ;kuh mlh fn'kk ls ckny vk,axs] cjlsaxsA blds ckn tc cSxk 
vkSj muds lkFk vU; iqtkjh f[kpM+h [kkrs gSa] rks muds ihNs dh 
t+ehu ij FkksM+h nwj ij vkx tyk;h tkrh gSA ;fn cSxk iqtkjh 
vkx dh xehZ cnkZ'r djrs gq, 'kkafriw.kZ <ax ls f[kpM+h [kkrs gSa] 
rks xkao esa lq[k&'kkafr jgrh gS] ,slk eku fy;k tkrk gSA fdUrq 
tgka vkx ;k xehZ cnkZ'r dj ikuk eqf'dy gksrk gS rks ,slk 
le>k tkrk gS fd xkao esa ePNj] chekjh lfgr vU; çdkj dk 
dgj vkus okyk gSA blfy, ljgqy ljuk iwtk vkfnokfl;ksa ds 
fy, cgqr egRoiw.kZ gSA mÙkj rFkk iwohZ Hkkjr ds jkT;ksa >kj[k.M] 
37
flracj 2022
fcgkj] if'pe caxky] e/; çns'k ds vkfnokfl;ksa ds chp dje 
dk isM+ csgn ifo= ekuk tkrk gSA lkou chr tkus ds ckn dksbZ 
dqaokjh dU;k dje ds isM+ taxyksa ls dkVdj vius xk¡o esa ykrh 
gSA fdlh lkoZtfud LFky ij mls LFkkfir fd;k tkrk gS vkSj 
mlds ckn vukt vkSj egq, dh 'kjkc ls dje o`{k dh iwtk dh 
tkrh gSA lqgkfxusa larku ekaxrha gSa vkSj ifjokj dh le`f) dh 
çkFkZuk djrha gSaA
ç—fr&iwtk tutkrh; lekt dk igyk /keZ vkSj lcls 
l'kä i{k gSA ljuk dk eryc gh gS ç—fr iwtk] ftlds 
vuqlkj ljuk&/keZ ds rhu nsork gSa] igyk bfdj cksaxk tks ty 
nsork gSaA nwljs cq: cksaxk tks igkM+ ds nsork gSa vkSj rhljk 
flax cksaxk ;kuh lw;Z nsorkA bl çdkj] vkfnoklh yksx igkM+] 
unh vkSj lw;Z dh iwtk djrs gSaA D;ksafd igkM+&unh vkSj lw;Z 
tutkrh; lekt ds vfLrRo ds rhu lw=/kkj gSaA igkM+ksa esa 
taxy gS vkSj taxyksa ds ouksitksa ls ft+Unxh pyrh gSA taxyksa 
esa f'kdkj djrs gSaA ogha vius iwoZt jgrs gSaA ufn;ksa ds fdukjs 
nqfu;k dh reke lH;rkvksa us tUe fy;kA çkxSfrgkfld ekuo ds 
çLrj&gfFk;kj ufn;ksa ds fdukjs feyrs jgrs gSaA Hkkjr dh vkfne 
lH;rk Hkh ufn;ksa ds fdukjs dh nsu gSA ufn;ksa dk ikuh vkSj 
typj vkfnoklh lekt dks ikslrs jgs gSaA Hkkjr dh ikjEifjd 
flapkbZ i)fr esa ufn;ksa ds Hkjksls balkuh lekt dh fuHkZjrk ds 
u tkus fdrus mnkgj.k gSaA lw;Z dh vkjk/kuk larky ijxuk ls 
ysdj flagHkwe ds dksYgku {ks= esa ns[kh tk ldrh gSA lw;Z brus 
egRoiw.kZ nsork gSa tks lqj{kk vkSj lsgrean jgus dk fo'okl gSaA 
>kj[k.M ds ikdqM+ ft+ys ds fyêhikM+k dh larky efgykvksa us 
vius 'kjhj esa bl vkLFkk ds lkFk vius xys ds uhps lw;Z fpUg 
dk xqnuk xqnok;k fd blls tkuysok dksjksuk muds ikl ugha 
vk,xkA lp esa ;g vkLFkk dk loky gSA vkLFkk,a ijEijk ds 
ia[k gSa] muds ikao gSaA
xqnuk esa lw;Z&eNyh ds vykok Qwyksa dks Hkh n'kkZ;k tkrk 
gSA D;ksafd vkfnokfl;ksa ds thou ds lkj&rRo ;gh rhuksa gSaA 
egqvk ds ek[kuh Qwy yEcs le; rd jg tkrs gSaA vdky ds 
fnuksa esa bls [kkdj vkfnoklh viuh ft+Unxh cpkrs jgs gSaA ljbZ 
dk Qwy lQsn jax dk gksrk gS] tks vfgalk vkSj 'kkafr dk Hkh 
çrhd gSA ljbZ dk Qwy xqPNksa esa f[kyrk gS] vkfnokfl;ksa dh 
rjgA os Hkh lewg esa ukprs&xkrs gSaA lky o`{kksa ds miou dks 
ljuk Vksadk dgk tkrk gSA ;gk¡ ç—fr dh nsoh ljuk cw<+h dk 
fuokl ekuk tkrk gS vkSj lky o`{k ds uhps mldh iwtk dh 
tkrh gSA ljuk cw<+h budh eknk iwoZt gksrha gSa tks ekr`&i{k 
dh vkfn&nsoh gksrh gSaA budh —ik ek;us j[krh gS rHkh rks 
vkfnoklh yksx 'kknh&fookg esa bldh Mkfy;ksa ls eaMi dk 
fuekZ.k djrs gSaA eaMiksa dk fuekZ.k ckn ds lkyksa esa gqvkA blds 
igys ljuk Vksadk ds uhps vkfnokfl;ksa dh 'kkfn;ka gksrha FkhaA 
mlds igys ;qod&;qorh ds lkewfgd feyu LFky dk dsaæ 
gqvk djrk FkkA cs'kd iÙkksa vkSj ouLifr;ksa dh /kkfeZd vkSj 
vkuq"Bkfud vkSj lkewfgd egÙkk fdlh Hkh gky esa derj ugha 
gSA pkgs dksy gksa] eqaMk gksa ;k mjkao vkfnoklh&buds chp lUns'k 
lEçs"k.k dk mEnk vkSj lVhd ek/;e lky&ljbZ ds Qwy dk 
lkaL—frd egRo gSA vaxzst+h 'kklu esa tc Hkh eqYdh yM+kbZ;ka gqbZa] 
uxkM+s ctkdj ,dtqV gksus ds cnys larky foæksfg;ksa us lky ds 
Qwy Hkstdj foæksg esa ,dtqV gksus dk lUns'k HkstkA cs'kd ;g 
bruk ifo= vkSj ikou Qwy gS ftlds t+fj, Hksts x, lUns'k dks 
iwoZtksa dk vkns'k ekuk x;kA ;gka crkuk t+:jh gS fd bl Qwy 
ds fcuk vkfnokfl;ksa dk dksbZ ekaxfyd dk;Z ugha gksrkA ysfdu 
tc vkil esa nkEiR; lEcU/k rksM+uk gS rks Hkjh lHkk esa iRuh lky 
ds ,d iÙks dks vius nk¡rksa ls QkM+ nsrh gSA bls lEcU/k&foPNsn 
le> fy;k tkrk gSA
ljgqy ds fnu ljuk LFky esa cSxk iqtkjh /kjrh ekrk 
vkSj lw;Znso dh iwtk&vpZuk djrs gSaA yksdekU;rk ;g gS fd 
cjlkr vkus ds igys ;gh iwtk iwjh dj vkfnoklh [ksrh&ckM+h 
dk dke 'kq: djrk gSA os vPNh [ksrh gksus vkSj xk¡o lekt dh 
[kq'kgkyh ds fy, çkFkZuk djrs gSaA ikgu jktk u;s Qy vkSj 
lkr çdkj dh lfCt+;ksa lgtu] dVgy] iqVdy] cM+gj] ddM+h] 
dpukj] dks;ukj idkdj] ehBh jksVh igys /kjrh eka dks p<+krs 
gSaA iwtk ds ckn ,d nwljs dks ljgqy dh c/kkbZ nh tkrh gSA 
blds ckn ekanj dh Fkki esa yksx ljgqy dh 'kksHkk;k=k fudkyrs 
gSaA mlds vxys fnu rhljs fnu Qwy[kksalh dh tkrh gSA ;qod 
viuh euilan ;qorh ds twM+s esa ljbZ ds Qwy [kksaldj vius 
çse dk bt+gkj djrk gSA pw¡fd ljgqy egkioZ esa ç—fr ;kuh 
l[kqvk o`{k dh iwtk dj uoo"kZ dk vkjaHk gksrk gS] blfy, u;h 
ft+Unxh dh 'kq#vkr ds rkSj ij ;qok vius çse dk çn'kZu djrs 
gSaA blh rjg Rlq[ksU;h egksRlo uxkySaM ds p[kslkax ukxkvksa  
}kjk cgqr mRlkg ds lkFk euk;k tkrk gSA Qlyksa dh dVkbZ ds 
ckn [ksrh esa lkFk fuHkkus ds fy, ekSle dks vkfnoklh /kU;okn 
nsrs gSaA caxky&>kj[kaM vkSj vksfM'kk ds larky&eqaMk vkSj dqM+eh 
tutkfr;ksa ds chp ,slk gh ,d ioZ lksgjk; gS tks ekSle vkSj 
ç—fr ds fy, —rKrk çdV djus dk ioZ gSA
cknyksa dh xfrfof/k;ka vkfnoklh lekt ds fy, vkd"kZ.k Hkh 
gS] mudk vkyEcu Hkh gS vkSj jgL; Hkh gSA muds fy, ç—fr dk 
lh/kk eryc gS /kjrh ds ty&taxy&t+ehu&tu vkSj tkuoj& 
buds Åij ds uhys vkoj.k dk vugn QSyko vkSj mlh QSyko 
dks ukirs lQsn&dkys&/kwlj ckny gksrs gSaA ç—fr bUgha ls 
curh gSA gok,a cgrh gSa] dHkh 'kjn esa cQhZyh cudj] dHkh 
clar esa uje gksdj] dHkh tsB esa xje gksdj rks dHkh vk"kk<+ esa 
rY[k jgdj& dHkh cgrs cknG rks dHkh cjlrs ckny& dgha 
cgrh unh rks dgha vkSj >jus dh fxjrh /kkjA tSo&fofo/krk 
okys ?kus&?ku?kksj ouksa dk foLrkj] vkS"kf/k;ksa okys isM+&ikS/kksa dks 
vkèkkj nsrh Åaph&uhph vkSj lery /kjrh budh viuh gksrh gS 
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