Yojana Magazine October 2022 - 2 (Hindi) | Monthly Yojana & Kurukshetra Magazine in Hindi - UPSC PDF Download

 Page 1


20 ;kstuk] vDVwcj 2022
Nys ,d yEcs dky•aM esa nqfu;k us vkS|ksfxd vkSj oSKkfud çxfr dh] rks reke iqLrdksa ls ysdj foosP; osQ vufxur 
lkèkuksa (Ïksrksa) rd esa bl Økafr vFkok çxfr dh ppkZ,a gqb±A ;g LokHkkfod Hkh Fkk fd ftl Økafr osQ cy ij ubZ 
nqfu;k dk fuekZ.k gqvk gks] mldh oSf'od ckSf¼d psruk fodkl osQ mu çk:iksa esa O;k[;k djs tks Økafr osQ HkkSfrd i{k 
osQ mPpkn'kks± ,oa ekudksa dks Li'kZ djrs gSaA dkj.k ;g fd HkkSfrd çxfr gh ubZ nqfu;k osQ fofoèk dkjdksa vFkok vk;keksa dks feykdj 
fodkl osQ ekunaM (vFkok laosQrd) lqfuf'pr djrh gS vkSj mldk vadxf.krh; ewY; HkhA ;gh dkj.k gS fd vfèkdka'k ns'kksa vkSj muosQ 
fuokfl;ksa dh pkgr lgh vFkks± esa çÑfr vkèkkfjr fodkl osQ lkFk [kq'kh (gSIihusl) dh ugha gksrh gS cfYd fiQftdy iSjkehVlZ (vFkok 
baMhosQVlZ) dks Nw ysus dh gksrh gS ftudk mPp vadxf.krh; ;k ekSfæd ewY; gksA blh dks le`f¼ dk vkèkkj Hkh eku fy;k x;k vkSj 
nqfu;k us blh fn'kk esa çfr;ksfxrk 'kq: dj nhA dbZ ckj ,slk yxk bu çfrekuksa dks Nw ysus ;k buls Åij mB tkus osQ ckn O;fDr Lo;a 
dks ml Úse esa fiQV djus yxk ftlesa fy•k gqvk Fkk& ^n eSu gw dkadMZ n oYMZ*A ysfdu tc mldk lkeuk çÑfr çnÙk vkinkvksa 
ls gqvk rks mlosQ lkeus vlgk; gksus osQ vfrfjDr vkSj dksbZ fodYi ugha fn•k fiQj pkgs og lqukeh gks ;k dksfoM&19 tSlh egkekjhA 
fiQj lgh D;k ekuk tk,\ fodkl osQ if'peh ekWMy osQ }kjk mRi fofHk Økafr;ksa dks] ftuesa okf.kT;d Økafr] vkS|ksfxd Økafr ls 
ysdj cktkj vkSj foKkiu dh Økafr euq"; dh laiÂrk dk bfrgkl fy• jgh Fkha ;k fiQj Hkkjr dh ml lukru ijaijk osQ chp ls fudy 
çÑfr osQfUær fodkl osQ ekWMy dks tgk¡ euq"; vkSj çÑfr nksuksa dh •q'kgky] lEi vkSj èkkj.kh; fodkl dk çfrfufèkRo djrs FksA 
njvly uofodkl osQ ekSfyd fparu esa vkfFkZd ;k foÙkh; ykHk dks rjthg rks nh x;h ysfdu ^usV fMfiQflV vkWiQ uspj* dh vuns•h 
gksrh pyh x;hA nwljs 'kCnksa esa dgsa rks fodkl dh iVdFkk esa laiw.kZ ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k esa iSnk gks jgk vlarqyu LFkku gh ugha ik ldkA 
1980 osQ n'kd rd ;g lqfuf'pr gks x;k Fkk fd ;fn nqfu;k u laHkyh rks ^uspj VSDl* ;kuh izkÑfrd dj ;k izdksi dh Hkkjh ek=kk 
ekuo tkfr dks pqdkuh gksxhA bl ij cqfu;knh eaFku çkjaHk rc çkjEHk gqvk tc iwathokn us cfyZu dh nhokj rksM+dj dE;qfuLV lksfo;r 
la?k dks rk'k osQ iÙkksa dh rjg <gkdj oS'ohdj.k dh ubZ bekjr •M+h djus dh 'kq#vkr dh FkhA ;gh og le; Fkk tc czkthy osQ 
fj;ks fM tsusfj;ks esa igyh i`Foh lfeV dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k FkkA fj;ks i`Foh lfeV ls ysdj dkWi 26 rd tyok;q ifjorZu dks ysdj 
vkSipkfjd owQVuhfrd eapu rks gksrk jgk ysfdu nqfu;k fdlh Bksl fu"d"kZ rd ugha igq¡p ikbZA ;gk¡ rd fd ;wukbVsM us'kal ÚseodZ 
dUosa'ku vkWu DykbesV psat* (;w,u,iQlhlh) osQ rgr ^dkaÚsal vkWiQ n ikVhZt* ;kuh dkWi (lhvksih) fefufLVª;y Lrj dh vkSipkfjd 
cSBosQa rks djrk jgk ysfdu ^LVªSVsftd ,uthZ ikWfylht+* dks lgh vFkks± esa fØ;kfUor ugha dj ldkA bl fn'kk esa dkafçgsaflo ;wukbVsM 
Xykscy igy çèkkuea=kh Jh ujsaæ eksnh osQ usr`Ro esa Hkkjr dh rjiQ ls gqbZ ftldk ifj.kke baVjus'kuy lksyj ,yk;alA bl ,yk;al osQ 
rgr nqfu;k Hkkjr osQ usr`Ro esa Dyhu ,uthZ fMIykseslh dh rjiQ c<+hA bls ge lgh vFkks± esa Xykscykbts'ku osQ ,d u, ;qx dk vkjEHk 
dg ldrs gSa tks foÙkh; cktkj dh nqfu;k ls çÑfr vkSj çkÑfrd ÅtkZ osQ fy, ns'kksa dks ,d èkjkry ij ykdj Xykscy foyst dh 
voèkkj.kk dk fuekZ.k djus dh dksf'k'k esa gSA egRoiw.kZ ckr ;g gS fd bldk lcls vfèkd ykHk fo'ks"kdj fodkl'khy vkSj vYi 
fodflr ns'kksa dks gksxk vkSj os 'kkafriw.kZ] lekos'kh] LoLFk vkSj èkkj.kh; ;k lrr fodkl dh fn'kk esa vkxs c<+us esa dke;kc gks losQaxsA 
njvly ^n eSu gw dkadMZ n oYMZ* ls vfHkçsr fodkl dh uo ijEijk us ftl fo'o O;oLFkk dk fuekZ.k fd;k Fkk mlesa vkè;kfRed 
vkSj çkÑfrd psrukxr osQ os rRo ekStwn ugha Fks ftudk mf}dkl le; osQ lkFk gqvk Fkk vkSj os Hkkjr dh egku ijaijkvksa o psrukvksa 
fi
ys•d fons'kh ekeyksa osQ fo'ks"kK gSaA bZesy% raheessingh@gmail.com
çÑfr vkSj fodkl osQ chp larqyu
MkW jghl flag
Xyklxks esa çèkkuea=kh }kjk nqfu;k osQ le{k çLrqr ;g uoksUes"kh igy lgh vFkks± esa ,d u, çdkj osQ 
oS'ohdj.k dk laosQr djrh gSA ;g oS'ohdj.k 1990 osQ n'kd osQ cktkjoknh Hkwe.Myhdj.k ls fHk 
gS ftlosQ eq[; dsUnz fycjykbts'ku vkSj çkbosVkbts'ku ugha cfYd lcosQ fy, leku i;kZoj.k] leku 
LokLF; vkSj le`¼ thou'kSyh gSaA blesa ^cktkj dh iz.kkyh* vkSj ^ykHk dk tksM+&?kVk* ugha gS cfYd 
çR;sd dks leku çdk'k vkSj LoPN ÅtkZ çnku dj vkRefuHkZj cukus dh ladYiuk gSA
LoPN mQtkZ
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20 ;kstuk] vDVwcj 2022
Nys ,d yEcs dky•aM esa nqfu;k us vkS|ksfxd vkSj oSKkfud çxfr dh] rks reke iqLrdksa ls ysdj foosP; osQ vufxur 
lkèkuksa (Ïksrksa) rd esa bl Økafr vFkok çxfr dh ppkZ,a gqb±A ;g LokHkkfod Hkh Fkk fd ftl Økafr osQ cy ij ubZ 
nqfu;k dk fuekZ.k gqvk gks] mldh oSf'od ckSf¼d psruk fodkl osQ mu çk:iksa esa O;k[;k djs tks Økafr osQ HkkSfrd i{k 
osQ mPpkn'kks± ,oa ekudksa dks Li'kZ djrs gSaA dkj.k ;g fd HkkSfrd çxfr gh ubZ nqfu;k osQ fofoèk dkjdksa vFkok vk;keksa dks feykdj 
fodkl osQ ekunaM (vFkok laosQrd) lqfuf'pr djrh gS vkSj mldk vadxf.krh; ewY; HkhA ;gh dkj.k gS fd vfèkdka'k ns'kksa vkSj muosQ 
fuokfl;ksa dh pkgr lgh vFkks± esa çÑfr vkèkkfjr fodkl osQ lkFk [kq'kh (gSIihusl) dh ugha gksrh gS cfYd fiQftdy iSjkehVlZ (vFkok 
baMhosQVlZ) dks Nw ysus dh gksrh gS ftudk mPp vadxf.krh; ;k ekSfæd ewY; gksA blh dks le`f¼ dk vkèkkj Hkh eku fy;k x;k vkSj 
nqfu;k us blh fn'kk esa çfr;ksfxrk 'kq: dj nhA dbZ ckj ,slk yxk bu çfrekuksa dks Nw ysus ;k buls Åij mB tkus osQ ckn O;fDr Lo;a 
dks ml Úse esa fiQV djus yxk ftlesa fy•k gqvk Fkk& ^n eSu gw dkadMZ n oYMZ*A ysfdu tc mldk lkeuk çÑfr çnÙk vkinkvksa 
ls gqvk rks mlosQ lkeus vlgk; gksus osQ vfrfjDr vkSj dksbZ fodYi ugha fn•k fiQj pkgs og lqukeh gks ;k dksfoM&19 tSlh egkekjhA 
fiQj lgh D;k ekuk tk,\ fodkl osQ if'peh ekWMy osQ }kjk mRi fofHk Økafr;ksa dks] ftuesa okf.kT;d Økafr] vkS|ksfxd Økafr ls 
ysdj cktkj vkSj foKkiu dh Økafr euq"; dh laiÂrk dk bfrgkl fy• jgh Fkha ;k fiQj Hkkjr dh ml lukru ijaijk osQ chp ls fudy 
çÑfr osQfUær fodkl osQ ekWMy dks tgk¡ euq"; vkSj çÑfr nksuksa dh •q'kgky] lEi vkSj èkkj.kh; fodkl dk çfrfufèkRo djrs FksA 
njvly uofodkl osQ ekSfyd fparu esa vkfFkZd ;k foÙkh; ykHk dks rjthg rks nh x;h ysfdu ^usV fMfiQflV vkWiQ uspj* dh vuns•h 
gksrh pyh x;hA nwljs 'kCnksa esa dgsa rks fodkl dh iVdFkk esa laiw.kZ ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k esa iSnk gks jgk vlarqyu LFkku gh ugha ik ldkA 
1980 osQ n'kd rd ;g lqfuf'pr gks x;k Fkk fd ;fn nqfu;k u laHkyh rks ^uspj VSDl* ;kuh izkÑfrd dj ;k izdksi dh Hkkjh ek=kk 
ekuo tkfr dks pqdkuh gksxhA bl ij cqfu;knh eaFku çkjaHk rc çkjEHk gqvk tc iwathokn us cfyZu dh nhokj rksM+dj dE;qfuLV lksfo;r 
la?k dks rk'k osQ iÙkksa dh rjg <gkdj oS'ohdj.k dh ubZ bekjr •M+h djus dh 'kq#vkr dh FkhA ;gh og le; Fkk tc czkthy osQ 
fj;ks fM tsusfj;ks esa igyh i`Foh lfeV dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k FkkA fj;ks i`Foh lfeV ls ysdj dkWi 26 rd tyok;q ifjorZu dks ysdj 
vkSipkfjd owQVuhfrd eapu rks gksrk jgk ysfdu nqfu;k fdlh Bksl fu"d"kZ rd ugha igq¡p ikbZA ;gk¡ rd fd ;wukbVsM us'kal ÚseodZ 
dUosa'ku vkWu DykbesV psat* (;w,u,iQlhlh) osQ rgr ^dkaÚsal vkWiQ n ikVhZt* ;kuh dkWi (lhvksih) fefufLVª;y Lrj dh vkSipkfjd 
cSBosQa rks djrk jgk ysfdu ^LVªSVsftd ,uthZ ikWfylht+* dks lgh vFkks± esa fØ;kfUor ugha dj ldkA bl fn'kk esa dkafçgsaflo ;wukbVsM 
Xykscy igy çèkkuea=kh Jh ujsaæ eksnh osQ usr`Ro esa Hkkjr dh rjiQ ls gqbZ ftldk ifj.kke baVjus'kuy lksyj ,yk;alA bl ,yk;al osQ 
rgr nqfu;k Hkkjr osQ usr`Ro esa Dyhu ,uthZ fMIykseslh dh rjiQ c<+hA bls ge lgh vFkks± esa Xykscykbts'ku osQ ,d u, ;qx dk vkjEHk 
dg ldrs gSa tks foÙkh; cktkj dh nqfu;k ls çÑfr vkSj çkÑfrd ÅtkZ osQ fy, ns'kksa dks ,d èkjkry ij ykdj Xykscy foyst dh 
voèkkj.kk dk fuekZ.k djus dh dksf'k'k esa gSA egRoiw.kZ ckr ;g gS fd bldk lcls vfèkd ykHk fo'ks"kdj fodkl'khy vkSj vYi 
fodflr ns'kksa dks gksxk vkSj os 'kkafriw.kZ] lekos'kh] LoLFk vkSj èkkj.kh; ;k lrr fodkl dh fn'kk esa vkxs c<+us esa dke;kc gks losQaxsA 
njvly ^n eSu gw dkadMZ n oYMZ* ls vfHkçsr fodkl dh uo ijEijk us ftl fo'o O;oLFkk dk fuekZ.k fd;k Fkk mlesa vkè;kfRed 
vkSj çkÑfrd psrukxr osQ os rRo ekStwn ugha Fks ftudk mf}dkl le; osQ lkFk gqvk Fkk vkSj os Hkkjr dh egku ijaijkvksa o psrukvksa 
fi
ys•d fons'kh ekeyksa osQ fo'ks"kK gSaA bZesy% raheessingh@gmail.com
çÑfr vkSj fodkl osQ chp larqyu
MkW jghl flag
Xyklxks esa çèkkuea=kh }kjk nqfu;k osQ le{k çLrqr ;g uoksUes"kh igy lgh vFkks± esa ,d u, çdkj osQ 
oS'ohdj.k dk laosQr djrh gSA ;g oS'ohdj.k 1990 osQ n'kd osQ cktkjoknh Hkwe.Myhdj.k ls fHk 
gS ftlosQ eq[; dsUnz fycjykbts'ku vkSj çkbosVkbts'ku ugha cfYd lcosQ fy, leku i;kZoj.k] leku 
LokLF; vkSj le`¼ thou'kSyh gSaA blesa ^cktkj dh iz.kkyh* vkSj ^ykHk dk tksM+&?kVk* ugha gS cfYd 
çR;sd dks leku çdk'k vkSj LoPN ÅtkZ çnku dj vkRefuHkZj cukus dh ladYiuk gSA
LoPN mQtkZ
;kstuk] vDVwcj 2022 21
esa lajf{kr FksA ;gh dkj.k gS fd nqfu;k ;g 
rd le> ugha ik;h fd vkf•j HkwVku tSlk 
,d NksVk ns'k thMhih osQ ;kuh ldy ?kjsyq 
mRikn ds ekunaM ls vyx vè;kfRed vkSj 
çkÑfrd thou dks lgst dj nqfu;k dk 
lcls •q'kgky ns'k oSQls cu x;kA ;k mlus 
vius •q'kgkyh lwpdkad (gSIihusl baMsDl) 
esa vè;kRe vkSj çÑfr tSls xSj vkfFkZd&xSj 
ckt+kjoknh fo"k;ksa dks 'kkfey D;ksa fd;kA 
xkSj ls ns•sa rks ns'k ds izkphu xzaFk ;tqoZsn esa 
l`f‘ osQ leLr rRoksa ls 'kkafr cuk, j•us dh 
çkFkZuk dh xbZ gSA 
ysfdu bl çdkj dh 'kkafr rks rHkh 
laHko gks ldrh gS tc ge okLro esa mDr lHkh rRoksa dks 
le> losQa ;k nwljs 'kCnksa esa dgsa rks ^vlrks ek ln~xe;* rd 
dh ;k=kk dj losQaA 'kk;n euq"; blesa ihNs jg x;kA ysfdu 
vkt dk Hkkjr iqu% ;g lans'k nqfu;k dks nsus esa liQy gqvk gSA 
çèkkuea=kh Jh ujsaæ eksnh us bls fofHk voljksa ij fofHk eapksa 
ls nqfu;k osQ chp u osQoy j•k cfYd bl ij nqfu;k dks ,d 
lkFk ysdj pyus dh ;qfDr;ksa dks ryk'kk vkSj dke;kc Hkh gq,A 
fo'ks"k ckr rks ;g gS fd çèkkuea=kh us Hkkjr osQ çÑfr ea=k dks 
ml ns'k dh èkjrh ls vkxs ys tkus dk lans'k fn;k ftlus o+Qjhc 
nks lfn;ksa rd nqfu;k dks vkfFkZd lkezkT;okn vkSj mifuos'kokn 
rks fn;k Fkk ysfdu ekuo vkSj çÑfr osQ chp LFkkfir lEcUèkksa 
dks •Re dj fn;k FkkA vkSifuosf'kd dky osQ Hkkjrh; bfrgkl 
esa ,sls vufxur mnkgj.k ns•s tk ldrs gSaA mldk mís'; fHk 
Fkk blfy, og ekuoh; o çkÑfrd laosnukvksa ls mn~Hkwr Kku 
ns Hkh ugha ldrk FkkA ;g Hkkjr gh dj ldrk Fkk] ftldh ,d 
Bksl 'kq#vkr gqbZ çèkkuea=kh Jh ujsUæ eksnh osQ usr`Ro esa Xyklxks 
(;wukbVsM foaQxMe) lsA 
;wukbVsM foaQxMe dh èkjrh ij dkWi 
26 çsflMsalh vkSj bafM;k baVjus'kuy lksyj 
,yk;al çsflMsalh osQ lkFk 80 ns'kksa }kjk 
lefFkZr ^ou lu fMDysjs'ku* osQ lkFkA bldk 
mís'; ns'kksa dh lhekvksa ls ijs tkdj lkSj 
ÅtkZ osQ çlkj osQ fy, jktuSfrd usr`Ro rS;kj 
dj ml ij oSf'od lgefr vkSj lgdkj 
dks ,d u;k vk;ke nsuk FkkA csgrj vkilh 
lg;ksx] lk>k ØkWl ckMZj baÚkLVªDpj] ikoj 
flLVEl] ikoj VªsfMax] vkWijs'ku] VSDuksykWth 
LVSaMM~lZ] iQkbusaflax O;oLFkk vkSj lkFk 
feydj fd, tkus okyh fjlpZ osQ fy, 
lcls egRoiw.kZ gSA bls O;ogkfjd :i nsus 
osQ fy, xzhu fxzM buhf'k,fVo osQ :i esa ^ou lu] ou oMZ vkSj 
ou fxzM* fu.kkZ;d dne lkfcr gksxkA mYys•uh; gS fd çèkkuea=kh 
us Xyklxks esa lw;kZsifu"kn dks lanfHkZr djrs gq, dgk Fkk fd gj 
pht lw;Z ls iSnk gqbZ gS lw;Z ÅtkZ dk ,dek=k Ïksr gS vkSj lkSj 
ÅtkZ lcdk [;ky j• ldrh gSA yhMlZ bosaV ,DlhyjsfVax Dyhu 
VSDuksykWth buksos'ku ,aM fMosyiesaV esa mUgksaus dgk Fkk fd gekjh 
Lisl ,tsalh bljks fo'o dks ,d lksyj osQyoqQysVj ,IyhosQ'ku nsus 
tk jgh gSaA blls lsVsykbV MsVk osQ vkèkkj ij fo'o dh fdlh Hkh 
txg dh lkSj mQtkZ {kerk ekih tk losQxhA ;g ,IyhosQ'ku lksyj 
çkstsDV dk yksosQ'ku r; djus esa mi;ksxh gksxh vkSj blls ^ou 
lu] ou oYMZ] ou fxzM* dks etcwrh feysxhA mudk rdZ Fkk fd 
bl jpukRed igy ls dkcZu iqQVfçaV vkSj ÅtkZ dh ykxr rks de 
gksxh gh vyx&vyx {ks=kksa vkSj ns'kksa osQ chp lg;ksx dk u;k ekxZ 
Hkh •qysxkA mUgksaus ;g fo'okl Hkh O;Dr fd;k Fkk fd ^ou lu] 
ou oYMZ] ou fxzM* vkSj xzhu fxzM bfuf'k,fVo osQ lkeatL; ls 
,d la;qDr vkSj lqn`<+ oSf'od fxzM dk fodkl gksxkA ^xzhu fxzM 
bfuf'k,fVo & ou lu ou oYMZ ou fxzM* fuos'k çsj.kk dh n`f‘ 
fo'ks"k ckr rks ;g gS fd 
çèkkuea=kh us Hkkjr osQ çÑfr 
ea=k dks ml ns'k dh èkjrh ls 
vkxs ys tkus dh lans'k fn;k 
ftlus o+Qjhc nks lfn;ksa rd 
nqfu;k dks vkfFkZd lkezkT;okn 
vkSj mifuos'kokn rks fn;k Fkk 
ysfdu ekuo vkSj çÑfr osQ chp 
LFkkfir lEcUèkksa dks •Re dj 
fn;k FkkA
Page 3


20 ;kstuk] vDVwcj 2022
Nys ,d yEcs dky•aM esa nqfu;k us vkS|ksfxd vkSj oSKkfud çxfr dh] rks reke iqLrdksa ls ysdj foosP; osQ vufxur 
lkèkuksa (Ïksrksa) rd esa bl Økafr vFkok çxfr dh ppkZ,a gqb±A ;g LokHkkfod Hkh Fkk fd ftl Økafr osQ cy ij ubZ 
nqfu;k dk fuekZ.k gqvk gks] mldh oSf'od ckSf¼d psruk fodkl osQ mu çk:iksa esa O;k[;k djs tks Økafr osQ HkkSfrd i{k 
osQ mPpkn'kks± ,oa ekudksa dks Li'kZ djrs gSaA dkj.k ;g fd HkkSfrd çxfr gh ubZ nqfu;k osQ fofoèk dkjdksa vFkok vk;keksa dks feykdj 
fodkl osQ ekunaM (vFkok laosQrd) lqfuf'pr djrh gS vkSj mldk vadxf.krh; ewY; HkhA ;gh dkj.k gS fd vfèkdka'k ns'kksa vkSj muosQ 
fuokfl;ksa dh pkgr lgh vFkks± esa çÑfr vkèkkfjr fodkl osQ lkFk [kq'kh (gSIihusl) dh ugha gksrh gS cfYd fiQftdy iSjkehVlZ (vFkok 
baMhosQVlZ) dks Nw ysus dh gksrh gS ftudk mPp vadxf.krh; ;k ekSfæd ewY; gksA blh dks le`f¼ dk vkèkkj Hkh eku fy;k x;k vkSj 
nqfu;k us blh fn'kk esa çfr;ksfxrk 'kq: dj nhA dbZ ckj ,slk yxk bu çfrekuksa dks Nw ysus ;k buls Åij mB tkus osQ ckn O;fDr Lo;a 
dks ml Úse esa fiQV djus yxk ftlesa fy•k gqvk Fkk& ^n eSu gw dkadMZ n oYMZ*A ysfdu tc mldk lkeuk çÑfr çnÙk vkinkvksa 
ls gqvk rks mlosQ lkeus vlgk; gksus osQ vfrfjDr vkSj dksbZ fodYi ugha fn•k fiQj pkgs og lqukeh gks ;k dksfoM&19 tSlh egkekjhA 
fiQj lgh D;k ekuk tk,\ fodkl osQ if'peh ekWMy osQ }kjk mRi fofHk Økafr;ksa dks] ftuesa okf.kT;d Økafr] vkS|ksfxd Økafr ls 
ysdj cktkj vkSj foKkiu dh Økafr euq"; dh laiÂrk dk bfrgkl fy• jgh Fkha ;k fiQj Hkkjr dh ml lukru ijaijk osQ chp ls fudy 
çÑfr osQfUær fodkl osQ ekWMy dks tgk¡ euq"; vkSj çÑfr nksuksa dh •q'kgky] lEi vkSj èkkj.kh; fodkl dk çfrfufèkRo djrs FksA 
njvly uofodkl osQ ekSfyd fparu esa vkfFkZd ;k foÙkh; ykHk dks rjthg rks nh x;h ysfdu ^usV fMfiQflV vkWiQ uspj* dh vuns•h 
gksrh pyh x;hA nwljs 'kCnksa esa dgsa rks fodkl dh iVdFkk esa laiw.kZ ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k esa iSnk gks jgk vlarqyu LFkku gh ugha ik ldkA 
1980 osQ n'kd rd ;g lqfuf'pr gks x;k Fkk fd ;fn nqfu;k u laHkyh rks ^uspj VSDl* ;kuh izkÑfrd dj ;k izdksi dh Hkkjh ek=kk 
ekuo tkfr dks pqdkuh gksxhA bl ij cqfu;knh eaFku çkjaHk rc çkjEHk gqvk tc iwathokn us cfyZu dh nhokj rksM+dj dE;qfuLV lksfo;r 
la?k dks rk'k osQ iÙkksa dh rjg <gkdj oS'ohdj.k dh ubZ bekjr •M+h djus dh 'kq#vkr dh FkhA ;gh og le; Fkk tc czkthy osQ 
fj;ks fM tsusfj;ks esa igyh i`Foh lfeV dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k FkkA fj;ks i`Foh lfeV ls ysdj dkWi 26 rd tyok;q ifjorZu dks ysdj 
vkSipkfjd owQVuhfrd eapu rks gksrk jgk ysfdu nqfu;k fdlh Bksl fu"d"kZ rd ugha igq¡p ikbZA ;gk¡ rd fd ;wukbVsM us'kal ÚseodZ 
dUosa'ku vkWu DykbesV psat* (;w,u,iQlhlh) osQ rgr ^dkaÚsal vkWiQ n ikVhZt* ;kuh dkWi (lhvksih) fefufLVª;y Lrj dh vkSipkfjd 
cSBosQa rks djrk jgk ysfdu ^LVªSVsftd ,uthZ ikWfylht+* dks lgh vFkks± esa fØ;kfUor ugha dj ldkA bl fn'kk esa dkafçgsaflo ;wukbVsM 
Xykscy igy çèkkuea=kh Jh ujsaæ eksnh osQ usr`Ro esa Hkkjr dh rjiQ ls gqbZ ftldk ifj.kke baVjus'kuy lksyj ,yk;alA bl ,yk;al osQ 
rgr nqfu;k Hkkjr osQ usr`Ro esa Dyhu ,uthZ fMIykseslh dh rjiQ c<+hA bls ge lgh vFkks± esa Xykscykbts'ku osQ ,d u, ;qx dk vkjEHk 
dg ldrs gSa tks foÙkh; cktkj dh nqfu;k ls çÑfr vkSj çkÑfrd ÅtkZ osQ fy, ns'kksa dks ,d èkjkry ij ykdj Xykscy foyst dh 
voèkkj.kk dk fuekZ.k djus dh dksf'k'k esa gSA egRoiw.kZ ckr ;g gS fd bldk lcls vfèkd ykHk fo'ks"kdj fodkl'khy vkSj vYi 
fodflr ns'kksa dks gksxk vkSj os 'kkafriw.kZ] lekos'kh] LoLFk vkSj èkkj.kh; ;k lrr fodkl dh fn'kk esa vkxs c<+us esa dke;kc gks losQaxsA 
njvly ^n eSu gw dkadMZ n oYMZ* ls vfHkçsr fodkl dh uo ijEijk us ftl fo'o O;oLFkk dk fuekZ.k fd;k Fkk mlesa vkè;kfRed 
vkSj çkÑfrd psrukxr osQ os rRo ekStwn ugha Fks ftudk mf}dkl le; osQ lkFk gqvk Fkk vkSj os Hkkjr dh egku ijaijkvksa o psrukvksa 
fi
ys•d fons'kh ekeyksa osQ fo'ks"kK gSaA bZesy% raheessingh@gmail.com
çÑfr vkSj fodkl osQ chp larqyu
MkW jghl flag
Xyklxks esa çèkkuea=kh }kjk nqfu;k osQ le{k çLrqr ;g uoksUes"kh igy lgh vFkks± esa ,d u, çdkj osQ 
oS'ohdj.k dk laosQr djrh gSA ;g oS'ohdj.k 1990 osQ n'kd osQ cktkjoknh Hkwe.Myhdj.k ls fHk 
gS ftlosQ eq[; dsUnz fycjykbts'ku vkSj çkbosVkbts'ku ugha cfYd lcosQ fy, leku i;kZoj.k] leku 
LokLF; vkSj le`¼ thou'kSyh gSaA blesa ^cktkj dh iz.kkyh* vkSj ^ykHk dk tksM+&?kVk* ugha gS cfYd 
çR;sd dks leku çdk'k vkSj LoPN ÅtkZ çnku dj vkRefuHkZj cukus dh ladYiuk gSA
LoPN mQtkZ
;kstuk] vDVwcj 2022 21
esa lajf{kr FksA ;gh dkj.k gS fd nqfu;k ;g 
rd le> ugha ik;h fd vkf•j HkwVku tSlk 
,d NksVk ns'k thMhih osQ ;kuh ldy ?kjsyq 
mRikn ds ekunaM ls vyx vè;kfRed vkSj 
çkÑfrd thou dks lgst dj nqfu;k dk 
lcls •q'kgky ns'k oSQls cu x;kA ;k mlus 
vius •q'kgkyh lwpdkad (gSIihusl baMsDl) 
esa vè;kRe vkSj çÑfr tSls xSj vkfFkZd&xSj 
ckt+kjoknh fo"k;ksa dks 'kkfey D;ksa fd;kA 
xkSj ls ns•sa rks ns'k ds izkphu xzaFk ;tqoZsn esa 
l`f‘ osQ leLr rRoksa ls 'kkafr cuk, j•us dh 
çkFkZuk dh xbZ gSA 
ysfdu bl çdkj dh 'kkafr rks rHkh 
laHko gks ldrh gS tc ge okLro esa mDr lHkh rRoksa dks 
le> losQa ;k nwljs 'kCnksa esa dgsa rks ^vlrks ek ln~xe;* rd 
dh ;k=kk dj losQaA 'kk;n euq"; blesa ihNs jg x;kA ysfdu 
vkt dk Hkkjr iqu% ;g lans'k nqfu;k dks nsus esa liQy gqvk gSA 
çèkkuea=kh Jh ujsaæ eksnh us bls fofHk voljksa ij fofHk eapksa 
ls nqfu;k osQ chp u osQoy j•k cfYd bl ij nqfu;k dks ,d 
lkFk ysdj pyus dh ;qfDr;ksa dks ryk'kk vkSj dke;kc Hkh gq,A 
fo'ks"k ckr rks ;g gS fd çèkkuea=kh us Hkkjr osQ çÑfr ea=k dks 
ml ns'k dh èkjrh ls vkxs ys tkus dk lans'k fn;k ftlus o+Qjhc 
nks lfn;ksa rd nqfu;k dks vkfFkZd lkezkT;okn vkSj mifuos'kokn 
rks fn;k Fkk ysfdu ekuo vkSj çÑfr osQ chp LFkkfir lEcUèkksa 
dks •Re dj fn;k FkkA vkSifuosf'kd dky osQ Hkkjrh; bfrgkl 
esa ,sls vufxur mnkgj.k ns•s tk ldrs gSaA mldk mís'; fHk 
Fkk blfy, og ekuoh; o çkÑfrd laosnukvksa ls mn~Hkwr Kku 
ns Hkh ugha ldrk FkkA ;g Hkkjr gh dj ldrk Fkk] ftldh ,d 
Bksl 'kq#vkr gqbZ çèkkuea=kh Jh ujsUæ eksnh osQ usr`Ro esa Xyklxks 
(;wukbVsM foaQxMe) lsA 
;wukbVsM foaQxMe dh èkjrh ij dkWi 
26 çsflMsalh vkSj bafM;k baVjus'kuy lksyj 
,yk;al çsflMsalh osQ lkFk 80 ns'kksa }kjk 
lefFkZr ^ou lu fMDysjs'ku* osQ lkFkA bldk 
mís'; ns'kksa dh lhekvksa ls ijs tkdj lkSj 
ÅtkZ osQ çlkj osQ fy, jktuSfrd usr`Ro rS;kj 
dj ml ij oSf'od lgefr vkSj lgdkj 
dks ,d u;k vk;ke nsuk FkkA csgrj vkilh 
lg;ksx] lk>k ØkWl ckMZj baÚkLVªDpj] ikoj 
flLVEl] ikoj VªsfMax] vkWijs'ku] VSDuksykWth 
LVSaMM~lZ] iQkbusaflax O;oLFkk vkSj lkFk 
feydj fd, tkus okyh fjlpZ osQ fy, 
lcls egRoiw.kZ gSA bls O;ogkfjd :i nsus 
osQ fy, xzhu fxzM buhf'k,fVo osQ :i esa ^ou lu] ou oMZ vkSj 
ou fxzM* fu.kkZ;d dne lkfcr gksxkA mYys•uh; gS fd çèkkuea=kh 
us Xyklxks esa lw;kZsifu"kn dks lanfHkZr djrs gq, dgk Fkk fd gj 
pht lw;Z ls iSnk gqbZ gS lw;Z ÅtkZ dk ,dek=k Ïksr gS vkSj lkSj 
ÅtkZ lcdk [;ky j• ldrh gSA yhMlZ bosaV ,DlhyjsfVax Dyhu 
VSDuksykWth buksos'ku ,aM fMosyiesaV esa mUgksaus dgk Fkk fd gekjh 
Lisl ,tsalh bljks fo'o dks ,d lksyj osQyoqQysVj ,IyhosQ'ku nsus 
tk jgh gSaA blls lsVsykbV MsVk osQ vkèkkj ij fo'o dh fdlh Hkh 
txg dh lkSj mQtkZ {kerk ekih tk losQxhA ;g ,IyhosQ'ku lksyj 
çkstsDV dk yksosQ'ku r; djus esa mi;ksxh gksxh vkSj blls ^ou 
lu] ou oYMZ] ou fxzM* dks etcwrh feysxhA mudk rdZ Fkk fd 
bl jpukRed igy ls dkcZu iqQVfçaV vkSj ÅtkZ dh ykxr rks de 
gksxh gh vyx&vyx {ks=kksa vkSj ns'kksa osQ chp lg;ksx dk u;k ekxZ 
Hkh •qysxkA mUgksaus ;g fo'okl Hkh O;Dr fd;k Fkk fd ^ou lu] 
ou oYMZ] ou fxzM* vkSj xzhu fxzM bfuf'k,fVo osQ lkeatL; ls 
,d la;qDr vkSj lqn`<+ oSf'od fxzM dk fodkl gksxkA ^xzhu fxzM 
bfuf'k,fVo & ou lu ou oYMZ ou fxzM* fuos'k çsj.kk dh n`f‘ 
fo'ks"k ckr rks ;g gS fd 
çèkkuea=kh us Hkkjr osQ çÑfr 
ea=k dks ml ns'k dh èkjrh ls 
vkxs ys tkus dh lans'k fn;k 
ftlus o+Qjhc nks lfn;ksa rd 
nqfu;k dks vkfFkZd lkezkT;okn 
vkSj mifuos'kokn rks fn;k Fkk 
ysfdu ekuo vkSj çÑfr osQ chp 
LFkkfir lEcUèkksa dks •Re dj 
fn;k FkkA
22 ;kstuk] vDVwcj 2022
ls egRoiw.kZ jgsxh ftlls fodkl osQ lkFk&lkFk jkst+xkj osQ yk•ksa 
volj Hkh iSnk gksaxsA 
Xyklxks esa çèkkuea=kh }kjk nqfu;k osQ le{k çLrqr ;g uoksUes"kh 
igy lgh vFkks± esa ,d u, çdkj osQ oS'ohdj.k dk laosQr djrh 
gSA ;g oS'ohdj.k 1990 osQ n'kd osQ cktkjoknh Hkwe.Myhdj.k ls 
fHk gS ftlosQ eq[; dsUnzfcUnq fycjykbts'ku vkSj çkbosVkbts'ku 
ugha cfYd lcosQ fy, leku i;kZoj.k] leku LokLF; vkSj le`¼ 
thou'kSyh gSaA tgk¡ blesa ^cktkj dh iz.kkyh* vkSj ^ykHk dk 
tksM+&?kVk* ugha gS cfYd çR;sd dks leku çdk'k vkSj LoPN ÅtkZ 
çnku dj vkRefuHkZj cukus dh ladYiuk gSA çR;sd O;fDr lw;Z  
}kjk fofdfjr çdk'k lkSj ÅtkZ dk leku :i ls fcuk fdlh HksnHkko 
osQ ç;ksx dj ldrk gSA ;gh fLFkfr jk‘ªksa osQ lanHkZ esa Hkh ykxw gksrh 
gSA pwafd bl ekeys esa ddZ vkSj edj js•k osQ chp vkus okys ns'k 
vkfFkZd :i ls vis{kkÑr fuèkZu gksus osQ ckotwn èkuh gSaA mUgsa lcls 
T;knk le; rd lw;Z dk çdkj vkSj Å"ek feyrh gSA blfy, os 
,d çdkj ls ^lkSj ÅtkZ* osQ lcls cM+s ^fgrèkkjd* (csfufiQ'kjh) 
vFkok ykHkka'kh (LVsd gksYMj) gSaA vko';drk bl ckr dh Fkh fd 
os bldk fujarj] larqfyr vkSj mi;ksxoknh 
bLrseky dj losQaA bl fn'kk esa çèkkuea=kh 
dk ^ou lu] ou oYMZ] ou fxzM* dk 
;g Xykscy fiQukfeuk fu.kkZ;d lkfcr gksxkA 
blls ekSle osQ ifjorZu osQ ckotwn ÅtkZ dh 
larqfyr vkiwfrZ fujarjrk ij foijhr çHkko 
ugha iM+sxkA blls csgrj igy vkSj oSpkfjdh 
D;k gks ldrh gS fdlosQ ekè;e ls xjhc 
ns'k ds ukxfjd Hkh vkRefuHkZj mRiknd vkSj 
miHkksDrk dh gSfl;r rd igq¡p tk,aA bldk 
ifj.kke ;g gksxk ukxfjdksa esa Lora=k fodkl 
dh psruk fodflr gksxh tks mUgsa la;qDr :i 
ls ,d ns'k osQ :i esa ubZ fo'o O;oLFkk 
esa u, çfrLièkhZ dh gSfl;r çnku djus esa lg;ksxh gksxhA vxj 
çèkkuea=kh osQ usr`Ro esa Hkkjr osQ bl igy dks liQyrk feyrh gS 
rks nqfu;k dk ,d cM+k fgLlk ^xzksFk fon xzsV bdksykWftdy flLVe* 
osQ lkFk vkxs c<+us vkSj Hkkjr iqu'p nqfu;k dks ml Hkkjrh; thou 
i¼fr ls ifjfpr djkus esa liQy gks tk,xk tks vHkh osnksa] 'kkÐksa 
vkSj iqjk.kksa esa ns•h ;k i<+h tk ldrh gSA vc ns•uk ;g gS fd 
nqfu;k iwjh çfrc¼rk vkSj {kerk osQ lkFk Hkkjr osQ usr`Ro esa Hkkjr 
osQ lkFk fdrus dne vkxs c<+ ikrh gSA 
,d ckr vkSj è;ku j•us ;ksX; gS fd lkSj ÅtkZ dh iwjh 
{kerk dk mi;ksx djus osQ fy, osQoy ,uthZ Vªkaft'ku dh ugha 
cfYd vHkwriwoZ tyok;q lg;ksx ij vkèkkfjr ,uthZ VªkaliQkWeZs'ku 
dh vko';drk gksxhA blfy, vHkh cgqr lh vM+pus Hkh vk,axhA 
bls iwjk djus osQ nks çeq• igyw gksaxsA çFke & VsDuksykWth vkSj 
ykWftfLVDl dk la;kstuA buosQ bLrseky ls ,slh bysfDVªd fxzM 
dk fuekZ.k laHko gksxk tks nqfu;k Hkj osQ yksxksa dks cM+s iSekus 
ij lqjf{kr] fo'oluh; vkSj lLrh uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ çnku dj 
losQA blosQ fy, lhekvksa vkSj Vkbe t+ksu dks ikj djus okyh 
ubZ Vªkalfe'ku ykbuksa dh t:jr gksxhA 
feuh&fxzM vkSj vkWiQ&fxzM ,uthZ ,Dlsl 
lksY;w'kal dks Hkh rsth ls LosQy&vi djuk 
gksxkA T+;knk lkSj ÅtkZ okys byko+Qksa dks 
egk}hih; Lrj osQ {ks=kh; fxzM~l osQ t+fj, 
vkil esa tksM+us dh t:jr gksxh vkSj lkFk 
gh baVj&jhtuy fyad vyx&vyx Vkbe 
t+ksUl dks lkFk tksM+us iM+saxs rkfd de 
lkSj ÅtkZ okys {ks=kksa dks Hkh fo'oluh; 
vkiwfrZ lqfuf'pr gks losQA lkewfgd ;k 
,dhÑr jktuhfrd bPNk'kfDr bl ,uthZ 
VªkaliQkWeZs'ku dk nwljk igyw gksxk] tks 
ljdkjksa] lkoZtfud {ks=k dh oaQifu;ksa] uhfr 
vxj çèkkuea=kh osQ usr`Ro esa Hkkjr 
osQ bl igy dks liQyrk feyrh 
gS rks nqfu;k dk ,d cM+k fgLlk 
^xzksFk fon xzsV bdksykWftdy 
flLVe* osQ lkFk vkxs c<+us vkSj 
Hkkjr iqu'p nqfu;k dks ml 
Hkkjrh; thou i¼fr ls ifjfpr 
djkus esa liQy gks tk,xk tks 
vHkh osnksa] 'kkÐksa vkSj iqjk.kksa esa 
ns•h ;k i<+h tk ldrh gSA
Page 4


20 ;kstuk] vDVwcj 2022
Nys ,d yEcs dky•aM esa nqfu;k us vkS|ksfxd vkSj oSKkfud çxfr dh] rks reke iqLrdksa ls ysdj foosP; osQ vufxur 
lkèkuksa (Ïksrksa) rd esa bl Økafr vFkok çxfr dh ppkZ,a gqb±A ;g LokHkkfod Hkh Fkk fd ftl Økafr osQ cy ij ubZ 
nqfu;k dk fuekZ.k gqvk gks] mldh oSf'od ckSf¼d psruk fodkl osQ mu çk:iksa esa O;k[;k djs tks Økafr osQ HkkSfrd i{k 
osQ mPpkn'kks± ,oa ekudksa dks Li'kZ djrs gSaA dkj.k ;g fd HkkSfrd çxfr gh ubZ nqfu;k osQ fofoèk dkjdksa vFkok vk;keksa dks feykdj 
fodkl osQ ekunaM (vFkok laosQrd) lqfuf'pr djrh gS vkSj mldk vadxf.krh; ewY; HkhA ;gh dkj.k gS fd vfèkdka'k ns'kksa vkSj muosQ 
fuokfl;ksa dh pkgr lgh vFkks± esa çÑfr vkèkkfjr fodkl osQ lkFk [kq'kh (gSIihusl) dh ugha gksrh gS cfYd fiQftdy iSjkehVlZ (vFkok 
baMhosQVlZ) dks Nw ysus dh gksrh gS ftudk mPp vadxf.krh; ;k ekSfæd ewY; gksA blh dks le`f¼ dk vkèkkj Hkh eku fy;k x;k vkSj 
nqfu;k us blh fn'kk esa çfr;ksfxrk 'kq: dj nhA dbZ ckj ,slk yxk bu çfrekuksa dks Nw ysus ;k buls Åij mB tkus osQ ckn O;fDr Lo;a 
dks ml Úse esa fiQV djus yxk ftlesa fy•k gqvk Fkk& ^n eSu gw dkadMZ n oYMZ*A ysfdu tc mldk lkeuk çÑfr çnÙk vkinkvksa 
ls gqvk rks mlosQ lkeus vlgk; gksus osQ vfrfjDr vkSj dksbZ fodYi ugha fn•k fiQj pkgs og lqukeh gks ;k dksfoM&19 tSlh egkekjhA 
fiQj lgh D;k ekuk tk,\ fodkl osQ if'peh ekWMy osQ }kjk mRi fofHk Økafr;ksa dks] ftuesa okf.kT;d Økafr] vkS|ksfxd Økafr ls 
ysdj cktkj vkSj foKkiu dh Økafr euq"; dh laiÂrk dk bfrgkl fy• jgh Fkha ;k fiQj Hkkjr dh ml lukru ijaijk osQ chp ls fudy 
çÑfr osQfUær fodkl osQ ekWMy dks tgk¡ euq"; vkSj çÑfr nksuksa dh •q'kgky] lEi vkSj èkkj.kh; fodkl dk çfrfufèkRo djrs FksA 
njvly uofodkl osQ ekSfyd fparu esa vkfFkZd ;k foÙkh; ykHk dks rjthg rks nh x;h ysfdu ^usV fMfiQflV vkWiQ uspj* dh vuns•h 
gksrh pyh x;hA nwljs 'kCnksa esa dgsa rks fodkl dh iVdFkk esa laiw.kZ ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k esa iSnk gks jgk vlarqyu LFkku gh ugha ik ldkA 
1980 osQ n'kd rd ;g lqfuf'pr gks x;k Fkk fd ;fn nqfu;k u laHkyh rks ^uspj VSDl* ;kuh izkÑfrd dj ;k izdksi dh Hkkjh ek=kk 
ekuo tkfr dks pqdkuh gksxhA bl ij cqfu;knh eaFku çkjaHk rc çkjEHk gqvk tc iwathokn us cfyZu dh nhokj rksM+dj dE;qfuLV lksfo;r 
la?k dks rk'k osQ iÙkksa dh rjg <gkdj oS'ohdj.k dh ubZ bekjr •M+h djus dh 'kq#vkr dh FkhA ;gh og le; Fkk tc czkthy osQ 
fj;ks fM tsusfj;ks esa igyh i`Foh lfeV dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k FkkA fj;ks i`Foh lfeV ls ysdj dkWi 26 rd tyok;q ifjorZu dks ysdj 
vkSipkfjd owQVuhfrd eapu rks gksrk jgk ysfdu nqfu;k fdlh Bksl fu"d"kZ rd ugha igq¡p ikbZA ;gk¡ rd fd ;wukbVsM us'kal ÚseodZ 
dUosa'ku vkWu DykbesV psat* (;w,u,iQlhlh) osQ rgr ^dkaÚsal vkWiQ n ikVhZt* ;kuh dkWi (lhvksih) fefufLVª;y Lrj dh vkSipkfjd 
cSBosQa rks djrk jgk ysfdu ^LVªSVsftd ,uthZ ikWfylht+* dks lgh vFkks± esa fØ;kfUor ugha dj ldkA bl fn'kk esa dkafçgsaflo ;wukbVsM 
Xykscy igy çèkkuea=kh Jh ujsaæ eksnh osQ usr`Ro esa Hkkjr dh rjiQ ls gqbZ ftldk ifj.kke baVjus'kuy lksyj ,yk;alA bl ,yk;al osQ 
rgr nqfu;k Hkkjr osQ usr`Ro esa Dyhu ,uthZ fMIykseslh dh rjiQ c<+hA bls ge lgh vFkks± esa Xykscykbts'ku osQ ,d u, ;qx dk vkjEHk 
dg ldrs gSa tks foÙkh; cktkj dh nqfu;k ls çÑfr vkSj çkÑfrd ÅtkZ osQ fy, ns'kksa dks ,d èkjkry ij ykdj Xykscy foyst dh 
voèkkj.kk dk fuekZ.k djus dh dksf'k'k esa gSA egRoiw.kZ ckr ;g gS fd bldk lcls vfèkd ykHk fo'ks"kdj fodkl'khy vkSj vYi 
fodflr ns'kksa dks gksxk vkSj os 'kkafriw.kZ] lekos'kh] LoLFk vkSj èkkj.kh; ;k lrr fodkl dh fn'kk esa vkxs c<+us esa dke;kc gks losQaxsA 
njvly ^n eSu gw dkadMZ n oYMZ* ls vfHkçsr fodkl dh uo ijEijk us ftl fo'o O;oLFkk dk fuekZ.k fd;k Fkk mlesa vkè;kfRed 
vkSj çkÑfrd psrukxr osQ os rRo ekStwn ugha Fks ftudk mf}dkl le; osQ lkFk gqvk Fkk vkSj os Hkkjr dh egku ijaijkvksa o psrukvksa 
fi
ys•d fons'kh ekeyksa osQ fo'ks"kK gSaA bZesy% raheessingh@gmail.com
çÑfr vkSj fodkl osQ chp larqyu
MkW jghl flag
Xyklxks esa çèkkuea=kh }kjk nqfu;k osQ le{k çLrqr ;g uoksUes"kh igy lgh vFkks± esa ,d u, çdkj osQ 
oS'ohdj.k dk laosQr djrh gSA ;g oS'ohdj.k 1990 osQ n'kd osQ cktkjoknh Hkwe.Myhdj.k ls fHk 
gS ftlosQ eq[; dsUnz fycjykbts'ku vkSj çkbosVkbts'ku ugha cfYd lcosQ fy, leku i;kZoj.k] leku 
LokLF; vkSj le`¼ thou'kSyh gSaA blesa ^cktkj dh iz.kkyh* vkSj ^ykHk dk tksM+&?kVk* ugha gS cfYd 
çR;sd dks leku çdk'k vkSj LoPN ÅtkZ çnku dj vkRefuHkZj cukus dh ladYiuk gSA
LoPN mQtkZ
;kstuk] vDVwcj 2022 21
esa lajf{kr FksA ;gh dkj.k gS fd nqfu;k ;g 
rd le> ugha ik;h fd vkf•j HkwVku tSlk 
,d NksVk ns'k thMhih osQ ;kuh ldy ?kjsyq 
mRikn ds ekunaM ls vyx vè;kfRed vkSj 
çkÑfrd thou dks lgst dj nqfu;k dk 
lcls •q'kgky ns'k oSQls cu x;kA ;k mlus 
vius •q'kgkyh lwpdkad (gSIihusl baMsDl) 
esa vè;kRe vkSj çÑfr tSls xSj vkfFkZd&xSj 
ckt+kjoknh fo"k;ksa dks 'kkfey D;ksa fd;kA 
xkSj ls ns•sa rks ns'k ds izkphu xzaFk ;tqoZsn esa 
l`f‘ osQ leLr rRoksa ls 'kkafr cuk, j•us dh 
çkFkZuk dh xbZ gSA 
ysfdu bl çdkj dh 'kkafr rks rHkh 
laHko gks ldrh gS tc ge okLro esa mDr lHkh rRoksa dks 
le> losQa ;k nwljs 'kCnksa esa dgsa rks ^vlrks ek ln~xe;* rd 
dh ;k=kk dj losQaA 'kk;n euq"; blesa ihNs jg x;kA ysfdu 
vkt dk Hkkjr iqu% ;g lans'k nqfu;k dks nsus esa liQy gqvk gSA 
çèkkuea=kh Jh ujsaæ eksnh us bls fofHk voljksa ij fofHk eapksa 
ls nqfu;k osQ chp u osQoy j•k cfYd bl ij nqfu;k dks ,d 
lkFk ysdj pyus dh ;qfDr;ksa dks ryk'kk vkSj dke;kc Hkh gq,A 
fo'ks"k ckr rks ;g gS fd çèkkuea=kh us Hkkjr osQ çÑfr ea=k dks 
ml ns'k dh èkjrh ls vkxs ys tkus dk lans'k fn;k ftlus o+Qjhc 
nks lfn;ksa rd nqfu;k dks vkfFkZd lkezkT;okn vkSj mifuos'kokn 
rks fn;k Fkk ysfdu ekuo vkSj çÑfr osQ chp LFkkfir lEcUèkksa 
dks •Re dj fn;k FkkA vkSifuosf'kd dky osQ Hkkjrh; bfrgkl 
esa ,sls vufxur mnkgj.k ns•s tk ldrs gSaA mldk mís'; fHk 
Fkk blfy, og ekuoh; o çkÑfrd laosnukvksa ls mn~Hkwr Kku 
ns Hkh ugha ldrk FkkA ;g Hkkjr gh dj ldrk Fkk] ftldh ,d 
Bksl 'kq#vkr gqbZ çèkkuea=kh Jh ujsUæ eksnh osQ usr`Ro esa Xyklxks 
(;wukbVsM foaQxMe) lsA 
;wukbVsM foaQxMe dh èkjrh ij dkWi 
26 çsflMsalh vkSj bafM;k baVjus'kuy lksyj 
,yk;al çsflMsalh osQ lkFk 80 ns'kksa }kjk 
lefFkZr ^ou lu fMDysjs'ku* osQ lkFkA bldk 
mís'; ns'kksa dh lhekvksa ls ijs tkdj lkSj 
ÅtkZ osQ çlkj osQ fy, jktuSfrd usr`Ro rS;kj 
dj ml ij oSf'od lgefr vkSj lgdkj 
dks ,d u;k vk;ke nsuk FkkA csgrj vkilh 
lg;ksx] lk>k ØkWl ckMZj baÚkLVªDpj] ikoj 
flLVEl] ikoj VªsfMax] vkWijs'ku] VSDuksykWth 
LVSaMM~lZ] iQkbusaflax O;oLFkk vkSj lkFk 
feydj fd, tkus okyh fjlpZ osQ fy, 
lcls egRoiw.kZ gSA bls O;ogkfjd :i nsus 
osQ fy, xzhu fxzM buhf'k,fVo osQ :i esa ^ou lu] ou oMZ vkSj 
ou fxzM* fu.kkZ;d dne lkfcr gksxkA mYys•uh; gS fd çèkkuea=kh 
us Xyklxks esa lw;kZsifu"kn dks lanfHkZr djrs gq, dgk Fkk fd gj 
pht lw;Z ls iSnk gqbZ gS lw;Z ÅtkZ dk ,dek=k Ïksr gS vkSj lkSj 
ÅtkZ lcdk [;ky j• ldrh gSA yhMlZ bosaV ,DlhyjsfVax Dyhu 
VSDuksykWth buksos'ku ,aM fMosyiesaV esa mUgksaus dgk Fkk fd gekjh 
Lisl ,tsalh bljks fo'o dks ,d lksyj osQyoqQysVj ,IyhosQ'ku nsus 
tk jgh gSaA blls lsVsykbV MsVk osQ vkèkkj ij fo'o dh fdlh Hkh 
txg dh lkSj mQtkZ {kerk ekih tk losQxhA ;g ,IyhosQ'ku lksyj 
çkstsDV dk yksosQ'ku r; djus esa mi;ksxh gksxh vkSj blls ^ou 
lu] ou oYMZ] ou fxzM* dks etcwrh feysxhA mudk rdZ Fkk fd 
bl jpukRed igy ls dkcZu iqQVfçaV vkSj ÅtkZ dh ykxr rks de 
gksxh gh vyx&vyx {ks=kksa vkSj ns'kksa osQ chp lg;ksx dk u;k ekxZ 
Hkh •qysxkA mUgksaus ;g fo'okl Hkh O;Dr fd;k Fkk fd ^ou lu] 
ou oYMZ] ou fxzM* vkSj xzhu fxzM bfuf'k,fVo osQ lkeatL; ls 
,d la;qDr vkSj lqn`<+ oSf'od fxzM dk fodkl gksxkA ^xzhu fxzM 
bfuf'k,fVo & ou lu ou oYMZ ou fxzM* fuos'k çsj.kk dh n`f‘ 
fo'ks"k ckr rks ;g gS fd 
çèkkuea=kh us Hkkjr osQ çÑfr 
ea=k dks ml ns'k dh èkjrh ls 
vkxs ys tkus dh lans'k fn;k 
ftlus o+Qjhc nks lfn;ksa rd 
nqfu;k dks vkfFkZd lkezkT;okn 
vkSj mifuos'kokn rks fn;k Fkk 
ysfdu ekuo vkSj çÑfr osQ chp 
LFkkfir lEcUèkksa dks •Re dj 
fn;k FkkA
22 ;kstuk] vDVwcj 2022
ls egRoiw.kZ jgsxh ftlls fodkl osQ lkFk&lkFk jkst+xkj osQ yk•ksa 
volj Hkh iSnk gksaxsA 
Xyklxks esa çèkkuea=kh }kjk nqfu;k osQ le{k çLrqr ;g uoksUes"kh 
igy lgh vFkks± esa ,d u, çdkj osQ oS'ohdj.k dk laosQr djrh 
gSA ;g oS'ohdj.k 1990 osQ n'kd osQ cktkjoknh Hkwe.Myhdj.k ls 
fHk gS ftlosQ eq[; dsUnzfcUnq fycjykbts'ku vkSj çkbosVkbts'ku 
ugha cfYd lcosQ fy, leku i;kZoj.k] leku LokLF; vkSj le`¼ 
thou'kSyh gSaA tgk¡ blesa ^cktkj dh iz.kkyh* vkSj ^ykHk dk 
tksM+&?kVk* ugha gS cfYd çR;sd dks leku çdk'k vkSj LoPN ÅtkZ 
çnku dj vkRefuHkZj cukus dh ladYiuk gSA çR;sd O;fDr lw;Z  
}kjk fofdfjr çdk'k lkSj ÅtkZ dk leku :i ls fcuk fdlh HksnHkko 
osQ ç;ksx dj ldrk gSA ;gh fLFkfr jk‘ªksa osQ lanHkZ esa Hkh ykxw gksrh 
gSA pwafd bl ekeys esa ddZ vkSj edj js•k osQ chp vkus okys ns'k 
vkfFkZd :i ls vis{kkÑr fuèkZu gksus osQ ckotwn èkuh gSaA mUgsa lcls 
T;knk le; rd lw;Z dk çdkj vkSj Å"ek feyrh gSA blfy, os 
,d çdkj ls ^lkSj ÅtkZ* osQ lcls cM+s ^fgrèkkjd* (csfufiQ'kjh) 
vFkok ykHkka'kh (LVsd gksYMj) gSaA vko';drk bl ckr dh Fkh fd 
os bldk fujarj] larqfyr vkSj mi;ksxoknh 
bLrseky dj losQaA bl fn'kk esa çèkkuea=kh 
dk ^ou lu] ou oYMZ] ou fxzM* dk 
;g Xykscy fiQukfeuk fu.kkZ;d lkfcr gksxkA 
blls ekSle osQ ifjorZu osQ ckotwn ÅtkZ dh 
larqfyr vkiwfrZ fujarjrk ij foijhr çHkko 
ugha iM+sxkA blls csgrj igy vkSj oSpkfjdh 
D;k gks ldrh gS fdlosQ ekè;e ls xjhc 
ns'k ds ukxfjd Hkh vkRefuHkZj mRiknd vkSj 
miHkksDrk dh gSfl;r rd igq¡p tk,aA bldk 
ifj.kke ;g gksxk ukxfjdksa esa Lora=k fodkl 
dh psruk fodflr gksxh tks mUgsa la;qDr :i 
ls ,d ns'k osQ :i esa ubZ fo'o O;oLFkk 
esa u, çfrLièkhZ dh gSfl;r çnku djus esa lg;ksxh gksxhA vxj 
çèkkuea=kh osQ usr`Ro esa Hkkjr osQ bl igy dks liQyrk feyrh gS 
rks nqfu;k dk ,d cM+k fgLlk ^xzksFk fon xzsV bdksykWftdy flLVe* 
osQ lkFk vkxs c<+us vkSj Hkkjr iqu'p nqfu;k dks ml Hkkjrh; thou 
i¼fr ls ifjfpr djkus esa liQy gks tk,xk tks vHkh osnksa] 'kkÐksa 
vkSj iqjk.kksa esa ns•h ;k i<+h tk ldrh gSA vc ns•uk ;g gS fd 
nqfu;k iwjh çfrc¼rk vkSj {kerk osQ lkFk Hkkjr osQ usr`Ro esa Hkkjr 
osQ lkFk fdrus dne vkxs c<+ ikrh gSA 
,d ckr vkSj è;ku j•us ;ksX; gS fd lkSj ÅtkZ dh iwjh 
{kerk dk mi;ksx djus osQ fy, osQoy ,uthZ Vªkaft'ku dh ugha 
cfYd vHkwriwoZ tyok;q lg;ksx ij vkèkkfjr ,uthZ VªkaliQkWeZs'ku 
dh vko';drk gksxhA blfy, vHkh cgqr lh vM+pus Hkh vk,axhA 
bls iwjk djus osQ nks çeq• igyw gksaxsA çFke & VsDuksykWth vkSj 
ykWftfLVDl dk la;kstuA buosQ bLrseky ls ,slh bysfDVªd fxzM 
dk fuekZ.k laHko gksxk tks nqfu;k Hkj osQ yksxksa dks cM+s iSekus 
ij lqjf{kr] fo'oluh; vkSj lLrh uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ çnku dj 
losQA blosQ fy, lhekvksa vkSj Vkbe t+ksu dks ikj djus okyh 
ubZ Vªkalfe'ku ykbuksa dh t:jr gksxhA 
feuh&fxzM vkSj vkWiQ&fxzM ,uthZ ,Dlsl 
lksY;w'kal dks Hkh rsth ls LosQy&vi djuk 
gksxkA T+;knk lkSj ÅtkZ okys byko+Qksa dks 
egk}hih; Lrj osQ {ks=kh; fxzM~l osQ t+fj, 
vkil esa tksM+us dh t:jr gksxh vkSj lkFk 
gh baVj&jhtuy fyad vyx&vyx Vkbe 
t+ksUl dks lkFk tksM+us iM+saxs rkfd de 
lkSj ÅtkZ okys {ks=kksa dks Hkh fo'oluh; 
vkiwfrZ lqfuf'pr gks losQA lkewfgd ;k 
,dhÑr jktuhfrd bPNk'kfDr bl ,uthZ 
VªkaliQkWeZs'ku dk nwljk igyw gksxk] tks 
ljdkjksa] lkoZtfud {ks=k dh oaQifu;ksa] uhfr 
vxj çèkkuea=kh osQ usr`Ro esa Hkkjr 
osQ bl igy dks liQyrk feyrh 
gS rks nqfu;k dk ,d cM+k fgLlk 
^xzksFk fon xzsV bdksykWftdy 
flLVe* osQ lkFk vkxs c<+us vkSj 
Hkkjr iqu'p nqfu;k dks ml 
Hkkjrh; thou i¼fr ls ifjfpr 
djkus esa liQy gks tk,xk tks 
vHkh osnksa] 'kkÐksa vkSj iqjk.kksa esa 
ns•h ;k i<+h tk ldrh gSA
;kstuk] vDVwcj 2022 23
fuekZrkvksa vkSj fe'ku osQ fy, t+:jh laxBuksa osQ dk;ks± ij è;ku 
osQafær dj ldrk gksA 
cgjgky] Hkkjr us Xyklxks esa 2070 rd usV thjks dh 
çfrc¼rk O;Dr dh FkhA lkFk gh çèkkuea=kh us 2030 rd r; fd, 
tkus okys pkj y{; Hkh fuèkkZfjr fd, FksA bu y{;ksa dks gkfly 
djus dk vFkZ gS fd tYn gh Hkkjr esa ÅtkZ {ks=k] dks;yk o rsy 
ls v{k; ÅtkZ dh vksj dne c<+k nsxkA blesa Hkh lkSj ÅtkZ dh 
eq[; Hkwfedk gksxhA bldh okgd cusxh baVjus'kuy lksyj ,yk;al 
(vkb,l,) ftlosQ xBu dh ?kks"k.kk 2015 esa ubZ fnYyh esa dh 
x;h FkhA mYys•uh; gS fd bl igy osQ igy pj.k esa Hkkjr 
^bafM;u lksyj fxzM* dk fuekZ.k djsxk rRi'pkr bls if'pe ,f'k;k] 
nf{k.k ,f'k;k vkSj nf{k.k iwoZ ,f'k;k osQ ns'kksa ls tksM+us dh fn'kk esa 
dne mBk,xkA blosQ ckn blosQ lkFk vÚhdh ns'kksa dh dusfDVfoVh 
lqfuf'pr dh tk,xhA bldk ifj.kke ;g gksxk bl fxzM ls tqM+s 
ns'kksa esa gj le; mudh t:jr osQ vuq:i lkSj ÅtkZ dh miyCèkrk 
lqfuf'pr gks losQxhA vkb,l, osQ vuqeku osQ eqrkfcd] oSf'od 
Lrj ij 2050 rd o+Qjhc 2]600 xhxkokV lkSj ÅtkZ {kerk gSA 
blls 226 vjc ;wjks vFkok yxHkx 20 yk• 
djksM+ #i;s dh cpr gksxh lkFk gh Xykscy 
okfe±x dks nks fMxzh lsfYl;l ls de ij 
jksduk laHko gks losQxkA
oSls Hkkjr ljdkj lkSj ÅtkZ dk c<+kok 
nsus osQ fy, 30 çfr'kr rd lg;ksx Hkh 
dj jgh gSA oqQN jkT;ksa esa 70 çfr'kr 
rd enn dh tk jgh gSA è;ku jgs fd 
ÅtkZ osQ {ks=k dks ysdj eq[; :i ls nks 
fo"k; çeq• gSaA çFke&fMdkckZsukbts'ku vkSj  
f}rh;&fctyh dk leku :i ls forj.kA 
thok'e b±èku osQ gkfudkjd çHkkoksa vkSj 
yxkrkj c<+rs dkcZu mRltZu ls i`Foh dks 
cpkus dh oSf'od •kst dk ;g ,d fgLlk gSA Hkkjr vHkh Hkh 
O;kolkf;d çfr’kuksa vkSj ?kjksa esa fctyh igq¡pkus osQ fy, thok'e 
b±èku ij fuHkZj gSA pwafd Hkkjr dh vkcknh vHkh Hkh yxkrkj c<+ 
jgh gSA blfy, fctyh dh •ir esa fujarj o`f¼ LokHkkfod gSA 
Hkfo"; osQ fodkl dh laHkkoukvksa dks ns•us gq, ;g dgk tk 
ldrk gS fd ÅtkZ dh ekax vHkh vkSj c<+rh tk,xhA blfy, ;fn 
Hkkjr dks thMhih esa mRltZu osQ ;ksxnku dks de djuk gS] rks 
mls Økafrdkjh Lrj ij dne mBkus gksaxsA Hkkjr dks bl n'kd osQ 
var rd viuh t:jr dk o+Qjhc 40 çfr'kr fctyh fjU;woscy 
Ïksr ls iSnk djuh gksxhA ;g y{; Hkkjr igys gh fuèkkZfjr dj 
Hkh pqdk gSA LokHkkfod rkSj ij bl {kerk dks rHkh gkfly fd;k 
tk ldrk gS] tc Hkkjr lkSj ÅtkZ dk vfèkdre mi;ksx djsA 
blfy, çèkkuea=kh dk ^xzhu fxzM igy* dks ,dlh vfHkuo igy 
ekuk tk ldrk gS ftl ij LoLF;] le`¼] èkkj.kh; o •q'kgky 
fodkl dh cqfu;kn fVdh gqbZ gSA 
la;qDr jk‘ª osQ vuqlkj oSf'od xekZgV (Xykscy okfe±x) dk 
Lrj foxr rhl o"kks± esa 50 çfr'kr rd c<+ pqdk gSA thok'e b±èkuksa 
osQ tyk, tkus ls dkcZu mRltZu osQ c<+us dh xfr 62 çfr'kr osQ 
vklikl rd igq¡p pqdh gSA ;g fLFkfr u osQoy euq"; osQ fy, 
cfYd tSo fofoèkrk osQ fy, Hkh •rjk gSA ;g •rjk efLr"d 
ij rc vkSj ?kkrd çHkko Mkyrk gS fd tc çkphu lH;rkvksa osQ 
iru dh foHkhf"kdkvksa esa tSo fofoèkrk dh iVdFkk ls lk{kkRdkj 
dj ysrs gSaA vkt Bhd mlh çdkj osQ mnkgj.k ns•s tk ldrs gSa 
>hyksa] ufn;ksa vkSj rkykcksa ls lEcafèkr reke vè;;uksa esa ns•k 
tk ldrs gSaA bl lanHkZ esa çèkkuea=kh us nqfu;k dk è;ku vkdf"kZr 
djrs gq, cgqr vPNh ckr dgh gSA mudk dguk gS fd i`Foh ij 
tc ls thou mRi gqvk] rHkh ls lHkh çkf.k;ksa dk thou pØ] 
mudh fnup;kZ lw;Z osQ mn; vkSj vLr ls tqM+h jgh gSA tc rd 
;g çkÑfrd dusD'ku cuk jgk rc rd gekjk xzg Hkh LoLFk jgkA 
mUgksaus dgk fd vkS|ksfxd Økafr dks thok'ke b±èku us ÅtkZ nh 
FkhA thok'e b±èku osQ bLrseky ls dbZ ns'k rks le`¼ gq, ysfdu 
gekjh èkjrh] gekjk i;kZoj.k fuèkZu gks x,A thok'e b±èku dh gksM+ 
us Hkw&jktuhfrd ruko Hkh iSnk fd, ysfdu vkt rduhd us gesa 
,d csgrjhu fodYi fn;k gSA 
okLro esa b±èku dh gksM+ us Hkw&jktuhfrd 
ruko rks iSnk fd, gq, gSaA vHkh nqfu;k 
osQ os rkdrsa blosQ lekèkku •kstus dh 
fLFkfr esa Hkh ugha fn•rh ftUgksaus lkezkT;ksa 
osQ fuekZ.k ls ysdj reke la?k"kks±] ekuoh; 
pwadksa vkSj èoalksa dh iVdFkk,a fy•h gSaA 
osQoy Hkkjr gS tks bl fn'kk esa csgrj djus 
dh ladYiuk vkSj ekufldrk j•rk gSA ,sls 
esa çèkkuea=kh Jh ujsUnz eksnh dh ^xzhu fxzM* 
igy Hkkjr dh lfn;ksa iqjkuh ifjdYiukvksa 
dks Bksl vk;ke nsdj 'kkafriw.kZ] LoLFk vkSj 
le`¼ fo'o osQ fuekZ.k esa fu.kkZ;d lkfcr 
gks ldrh gSA                     n
la;qDr jkԻ osQ vuqlkj oSf'od 
xekZgV (Xykscy okfe±x) dk Lrj 
foxr rhl o"kks± esa 50 çfr'kr 
rd c<+ pqdk gSA thok'e b±èkuksa 
osQ tyk, tkus ls dkcZu mRltZu 
osQ c<+us dh xfr 62 çfr'kr osQ 
vklikl rd igq¡p pqdh gSA ;g 
fLFkfr u osQoy euq"; osQ fy, 
cfYd tSo fofoèkrk osQ fy, Hkh 
•rjk gSA
Page 5


20 ;kstuk] vDVwcj 2022
Nys ,d yEcs dky•aM esa nqfu;k us vkS|ksfxd vkSj oSKkfud çxfr dh] rks reke iqLrdksa ls ysdj foosP; osQ vufxur 
lkèkuksa (Ïksrksa) rd esa bl Økafr vFkok çxfr dh ppkZ,a gqb±A ;g LokHkkfod Hkh Fkk fd ftl Økafr osQ cy ij ubZ 
nqfu;k dk fuekZ.k gqvk gks] mldh oSf'od ckSf¼d psruk fodkl osQ mu çk:iksa esa O;k[;k djs tks Økafr osQ HkkSfrd i{k 
osQ mPpkn'kks± ,oa ekudksa dks Li'kZ djrs gSaA dkj.k ;g fd HkkSfrd çxfr gh ubZ nqfu;k osQ fofoèk dkjdksa vFkok vk;keksa dks feykdj 
fodkl osQ ekunaM (vFkok laosQrd) lqfuf'pr djrh gS vkSj mldk vadxf.krh; ewY; HkhA ;gh dkj.k gS fd vfèkdka'k ns'kksa vkSj muosQ 
fuokfl;ksa dh pkgr lgh vFkks± esa çÑfr vkèkkfjr fodkl osQ lkFk [kq'kh (gSIihusl) dh ugha gksrh gS cfYd fiQftdy iSjkehVlZ (vFkok 
baMhosQVlZ) dks Nw ysus dh gksrh gS ftudk mPp vadxf.krh; ;k ekSfæd ewY; gksA blh dks le`f¼ dk vkèkkj Hkh eku fy;k x;k vkSj 
nqfu;k us blh fn'kk esa çfr;ksfxrk 'kq: dj nhA dbZ ckj ,slk yxk bu çfrekuksa dks Nw ysus ;k buls Åij mB tkus osQ ckn O;fDr Lo;a 
dks ml Úse esa fiQV djus yxk ftlesa fy•k gqvk Fkk& ^n eSu gw dkadMZ n oYMZ*A ysfdu tc mldk lkeuk çÑfr çnÙk vkinkvksa 
ls gqvk rks mlosQ lkeus vlgk; gksus osQ vfrfjDr vkSj dksbZ fodYi ugha fn•k fiQj pkgs og lqukeh gks ;k dksfoM&19 tSlh egkekjhA 
fiQj lgh D;k ekuk tk,\ fodkl osQ if'peh ekWMy osQ }kjk mRi fofHk Økafr;ksa dks] ftuesa okf.kT;d Økafr] vkS|ksfxd Økafr ls 
ysdj cktkj vkSj foKkiu dh Økafr euq"; dh laiÂrk dk bfrgkl fy• jgh Fkha ;k fiQj Hkkjr dh ml lukru ijaijk osQ chp ls fudy 
çÑfr osQfUær fodkl osQ ekWMy dks tgk¡ euq"; vkSj çÑfr nksuksa dh •q'kgky] lEi vkSj èkkj.kh; fodkl dk çfrfufèkRo djrs FksA 
njvly uofodkl osQ ekSfyd fparu esa vkfFkZd ;k foÙkh; ykHk dks rjthg rks nh x;h ysfdu ^usV fMfiQflV vkWiQ uspj* dh vuns•h 
gksrh pyh x;hA nwljs 'kCnksa esa dgsa rks fodkl dh iVdFkk esa laiw.kZ ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k esa iSnk gks jgk vlarqyu LFkku gh ugha ik ldkA 
1980 osQ n'kd rd ;g lqfuf'pr gks x;k Fkk fd ;fn nqfu;k u laHkyh rks ^uspj VSDl* ;kuh izkÑfrd dj ;k izdksi dh Hkkjh ek=kk 
ekuo tkfr dks pqdkuh gksxhA bl ij cqfu;knh eaFku çkjaHk rc çkjEHk gqvk tc iwathokn us cfyZu dh nhokj rksM+dj dE;qfuLV lksfo;r 
la?k dks rk'k osQ iÙkksa dh rjg <gkdj oS'ohdj.k dh ubZ bekjr •M+h djus dh 'kq#vkr dh FkhA ;gh og le; Fkk tc czkthy osQ 
fj;ks fM tsusfj;ks esa igyh i`Foh lfeV dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k FkkA fj;ks i`Foh lfeV ls ysdj dkWi 26 rd tyok;q ifjorZu dks ysdj 
vkSipkfjd owQVuhfrd eapu rks gksrk jgk ysfdu nqfu;k fdlh Bksl fu"d"kZ rd ugha igq¡p ikbZA ;gk¡ rd fd ;wukbVsM us'kal ÚseodZ 
dUosa'ku vkWu DykbesV psat* (;w,u,iQlhlh) osQ rgr ^dkaÚsal vkWiQ n ikVhZt* ;kuh dkWi (lhvksih) fefufLVª;y Lrj dh vkSipkfjd 
cSBosQa rks djrk jgk ysfdu ^LVªSVsftd ,uthZ ikWfylht+* dks lgh vFkks± esa fØ;kfUor ugha dj ldkA bl fn'kk esa dkafçgsaflo ;wukbVsM 
Xykscy igy çèkkuea=kh Jh ujsaæ eksnh osQ usr`Ro esa Hkkjr dh rjiQ ls gqbZ ftldk ifj.kke baVjus'kuy lksyj ,yk;alA bl ,yk;al osQ 
rgr nqfu;k Hkkjr osQ usr`Ro esa Dyhu ,uthZ fMIykseslh dh rjiQ c<+hA bls ge lgh vFkks± esa Xykscykbts'ku osQ ,d u, ;qx dk vkjEHk 
dg ldrs gSa tks foÙkh; cktkj dh nqfu;k ls çÑfr vkSj çkÑfrd ÅtkZ osQ fy, ns'kksa dks ,d èkjkry ij ykdj Xykscy foyst dh 
voèkkj.kk dk fuekZ.k djus dh dksf'k'k esa gSA egRoiw.kZ ckr ;g gS fd bldk lcls vfèkd ykHk fo'ks"kdj fodkl'khy vkSj vYi 
fodflr ns'kksa dks gksxk vkSj os 'kkafriw.kZ] lekos'kh] LoLFk vkSj èkkj.kh; ;k lrr fodkl dh fn'kk esa vkxs c<+us esa dke;kc gks losQaxsA 
njvly ^n eSu gw dkadMZ n oYMZ* ls vfHkçsr fodkl dh uo ijEijk us ftl fo'o O;oLFkk dk fuekZ.k fd;k Fkk mlesa vkè;kfRed 
vkSj çkÑfrd psrukxr osQ os rRo ekStwn ugha Fks ftudk mf}dkl le; osQ lkFk gqvk Fkk vkSj os Hkkjr dh egku ijaijkvksa o psrukvksa 
fi
ys•d fons'kh ekeyksa osQ fo'ks"kK gSaA bZesy% raheessingh@gmail.com
çÑfr vkSj fodkl osQ chp larqyu
MkW jghl flag
Xyklxks esa çèkkuea=kh }kjk nqfu;k osQ le{k çLrqr ;g uoksUes"kh igy lgh vFkks± esa ,d u, çdkj osQ 
oS'ohdj.k dk laosQr djrh gSA ;g oS'ohdj.k 1990 osQ n'kd osQ cktkjoknh Hkwe.Myhdj.k ls fHk 
gS ftlosQ eq[; dsUnz fycjykbts'ku vkSj çkbosVkbts'ku ugha cfYd lcosQ fy, leku i;kZoj.k] leku 
LokLF; vkSj le`¼ thou'kSyh gSaA blesa ^cktkj dh iz.kkyh* vkSj ^ykHk dk tksM+&?kVk* ugha gS cfYd 
çR;sd dks leku çdk'k vkSj LoPN ÅtkZ çnku dj vkRefuHkZj cukus dh ladYiuk gSA
LoPN mQtkZ
;kstuk] vDVwcj 2022 21
esa lajf{kr FksA ;gh dkj.k gS fd nqfu;k ;g 
rd le> ugha ik;h fd vkf•j HkwVku tSlk 
,d NksVk ns'k thMhih osQ ;kuh ldy ?kjsyq 
mRikn ds ekunaM ls vyx vè;kfRed vkSj 
çkÑfrd thou dks lgst dj nqfu;k dk 
lcls •q'kgky ns'k oSQls cu x;kA ;k mlus 
vius •q'kgkyh lwpdkad (gSIihusl baMsDl) 
esa vè;kRe vkSj çÑfr tSls xSj vkfFkZd&xSj 
ckt+kjoknh fo"k;ksa dks 'kkfey D;ksa fd;kA 
xkSj ls ns•sa rks ns'k ds izkphu xzaFk ;tqoZsn esa 
l`f‘ osQ leLr rRoksa ls 'kkafr cuk, j•us dh 
çkFkZuk dh xbZ gSA 
ysfdu bl çdkj dh 'kkafr rks rHkh 
laHko gks ldrh gS tc ge okLro esa mDr lHkh rRoksa dks 
le> losQa ;k nwljs 'kCnksa esa dgsa rks ^vlrks ek ln~xe;* rd 
dh ;k=kk dj losQaA 'kk;n euq"; blesa ihNs jg x;kA ysfdu 
vkt dk Hkkjr iqu% ;g lans'k nqfu;k dks nsus esa liQy gqvk gSA 
çèkkuea=kh Jh ujsaæ eksnh us bls fofHk voljksa ij fofHk eapksa 
ls nqfu;k osQ chp u osQoy j•k cfYd bl ij nqfu;k dks ,d 
lkFk ysdj pyus dh ;qfDr;ksa dks ryk'kk vkSj dke;kc Hkh gq,A 
fo'ks"k ckr rks ;g gS fd çèkkuea=kh us Hkkjr osQ çÑfr ea=k dks 
ml ns'k dh èkjrh ls vkxs ys tkus dk lans'k fn;k ftlus o+Qjhc 
nks lfn;ksa rd nqfu;k dks vkfFkZd lkezkT;okn vkSj mifuos'kokn 
rks fn;k Fkk ysfdu ekuo vkSj çÑfr osQ chp LFkkfir lEcUèkksa 
dks •Re dj fn;k FkkA vkSifuosf'kd dky osQ Hkkjrh; bfrgkl 
esa ,sls vufxur mnkgj.k ns•s tk ldrs gSaA mldk mís'; fHk 
Fkk blfy, og ekuoh; o çkÑfrd laosnukvksa ls mn~Hkwr Kku 
ns Hkh ugha ldrk FkkA ;g Hkkjr gh dj ldrk Fkk] ftldh ,d 
Bksl 'kq#vkr gqbZ çèkkuea=kh Jh ujsUæ eksnh osQ usr`Ro esa Xyklxks 
(;wukbVsM foaQxMe) lsA 
;wukbVsM foaQxMe dh èkjrh ij dkWi 
26 çsflMsalh vkSj bafM;k baVjus'kuy lksyj 
,yk;al çsflMsalh osQ lkFk 80 ns'kksa }kjk 
lefFkZr ^ou lu fMDysjs'ku* osQ lkFkA bldk 
mís'; ns'kksa dh lhekvksa ls ijs tkdj lkSj 
ÅtkZ osQ çlkj osQ fy, jktuSfrd usr`Ro rS;kj 
dj ml ij oSf'od lgefr vkSj lgdkj 
dks ,d u;k vk;ke nsuk FkkA csgrj vkilh 
lg;ksx] lk>k ØkWl ckMZj baÚkLVªDpj] ikoj 
flLVEl] ikoj VªsfMax] vkWijs'ku] VSDuksykWth 
LVSaMM~lZ] iQkbusaflax O;oLFkk vkSj lkFk 
feydj fd, tkus okyh fjlpZ osQ fy, 
lcls egRoiw.kZ gSA bls O;ogkfjd :i nsus 
osQ fy, xzhu fxzM buhf'k,fVo osQ :i esa ^ou lu] ou oMZ vkSj 
ou fxzM* fu.kkZ;d dne lkfcr gksxkA mYys•uh; gS fd çèkkuea=kh 
us Xyklxks esa lw;kZsifu"kn dks lanfHkZr djrs gq, dgk Fkk fd gj 
pht lw;Z ls iSnk gqbZ gS lw;Z ÅtkZ dk ,dek=k Ïksr gS vkSj lkSj 
ÅtkZ lcdk [;ky j• ldrh gSA yhMlZ bosaV ,DlhyjsfVax Dyhu 
VSDuksykWth buksos'ku ,aM fMosyiesaV esa mUgksaus dgk Fkk fd gekjh 
Lisl ,tsalh bljks fo'o dks ,d lksyj osQyoqQysVj ,IyhosQ'ku nsus 
tk jgh gSaA blls lsVsykbV MsVk osQ vkèkkj ij fo'o dh fdlh Hkh 
txg dh lkSj mQtkZ {kerk ekih tk losQxhA ;g ,IyhosQ'ku lksyj 
çkstsDV dk yksosQ'ku r; djus esa mi;ksxh gksxh vkSj blls ^ou 
lu] ou oYMZ] ou fxzM* dks etcwrh feysxhA mudk rdZ Fkk fd 
bl jpukRed igy ls dkcZu iqQVfçaV vkSj ÅtkZ dh ykxr rks de 
gksxh gh vyx&vyx {ks=kksa vkSj ns'kksa osQ chp lg;ksx dk u;k ekxZ 
Hkh •qysxkA mUgksaus ;g fo'okl Hkh O;Dr fd;k Fkk fd ^ou lu] 
ou oYMZ] ou fxzM* vkSj xzhu fxzM bfuf'k,fVo osQ lkeatL; ls 
,d la;qDr vkSj lqn`<+ oSf'od fxzM dk fodkl gksxkA ^xzhu fxzM 
bfuf'k,fVo & ou lu ou oYMZ ou fxzM* fuos'k çsj.kk dh n`f‘ 
fo'ks"k ckr rks ;g gS fd 
çèkkuea=kh us Hkkjr osQ çÑfr 
ea=k dks ml ns'k dh èkjrh ls 
vkxs ys tkus dh lans'k fn;k 
ftlus o+Qjhc nks lfn;ksa rd 
nqfu;k dks vkfFkZd lkezkT;okn 
vkSj mifuos'kokn rks fn;k Fkk 
ysfdu ekuo vkSj çÑfr osQ chp 
LFkkfir lEcUèkksa dks •Re dj 
fn;k FkkA
22 ;kstuk] vDVwcj 2022
ls egRoiw.kZ jgsxh ftlls fodkl osQ lkFk&lkFk jkst+xkj osQ yk•ksa 
volj Hkh iSnk gksaxsA 
Xyklxks esa çèkkuea=kh }kjk nqfu;k osQ le{k çLrqr ;g uoksUes"kh 
igy lgh vFkks± esa ,d u, çdkj osQ oS'ohdj.k dk laosQr djrh 
gSA ;g oS'ohdj.k 1990 osQ n'kd osQ cktkjoknh Hkwe.Myhdj.k ls 
fHk gS ftlosQ eq[; dsUnzfcUnq fycjykbts'ku vkSj çkbosVkbts'ku 
ugha cfYd lcosQ fy, leku i;kZoj.k] leku LokLF; vkSj le`¼ 
thou'kSyh gSaA tgk¡ blesa ^cktkj dh iz.kkyh* vkSj ^ykHk dk 
tksM+&?kVk* ugha gS cfYd çR;sd dks leku çdk'k vkSj LoPN ÅtkZ 
çnku dj vkRefuHkZj cukus dh ladYiuk gSA çR;sd O;fDr lw;Z  
}kjk fofdfjr çdk'k lkSj ÅtkZ dk leku :i ls fcuk fdlh HksnHkko 
osQ ç;ksx dj ldrk gSA ;gh fLFkfr jk‘ªksa osQ lanHkZ esa Hkh ykxw gksrh 
gSA pwafd bl ekeys esa ddZ vkSj edj js•k osQ chp vkus okys ns'k 
vkfFkZd :i ls vis{kkÑr fuèkZu gksus osQ ckotwn èkuh gSaA mUgsa lcls 
T;knk le; rd lw;Z dk çdkj vkSj Å"ek feyrh gSA blfy, os 
,d çdkj ls ^lkSj ÅtkZ* osQ lcls cM+s ^fgrèkkjd* (csfufiQ'kjh) 
vFkok ykHkka'kh (LVsd gksYMj) gSaA vko';drk bl ckr dh Fkh fd 
os bldk fujarj] larqfyr vkSj mi;ksxoknh 
bLrseky dj losQaA bl fn'kk esa çèkkuea=kh 
dk ^ou lu] ou oYMZ] ou fxzM* dk 
;g Xykscy fiQukfeuk fu.kkZ;d lkfcr gksxkA 
blls ekSle osQ ifjorZu osQ ckotwn ÅtkZ dh 
larqfyr vkiwfrZ fujarjrk ij foijhr çHkko 
ugha iM+sxkA blls csgrj igy vkSj oSpkfjdh 
D;k gks ldrh gS fdlosQ ekè;e ls xjhc 
ns'k ds ukxfjd Hkh vkRefuHkZj mRiknd vkSj 
miHkksDrk dh gSfl;r rd igq¡p tk,aA bldk 
ifj.kke ;g gksxk ukxfjdksa esa Lora=k fodkl 
dh psruk fodflr gksxh tks mUgsa la;qDr :i 
ls ,d ns'k osQ :i esa ubZ fo'o O;oLFkk 
esa u, çfrLièkhZ dh gSfl;r çnku djus esa lg;ksxh gksxhA vxj 
çèkkuea=kh osQ usr`Ro esa Hkkjr osQ bl igy dks liQyrk feyrh gS 
rks nqfu;k dk ,d cM+k fgLlk ^xzksFk fon xzsV bdksykWftdy flLVe* 
osQ lkFk vkxs c<+us vkSj Hkkjr iqu'p nqfu;k dks ml Hkkjrh; thou 
i¼fr ls ifjfpr djkus esa liQy gks tk,xk tks vHkh osnksa] 'kkÐksa 
vkSj iqjk.kksa esa ns•h ;k i<+h tk ldrh gSA vc ns•uk ;g gS fd 
nqfu;k iwjh çfrc¼rk vkSj {kerk osQ lkFk Hkkjr osQ usr`Ro esa Hkkjr 
osQ lkFk fdrus dne vkxs c<+ ikrh gSA 
,d ckr vkSj è;ku j•us ;ksX; gS fd lkSj ÅtkZ dh iwjh 
{kerk dk mi;ksx djus osQ fy, osQoy ,uthZ Vªkaft'ku dh ugha 
cfYd vHkwriwoZ tyok;q lg;ksx ij vkèkkfjr ,uthZ VªkaliQkWeZs'ku 
dh vko';drk gksxhA blfy, vHkh cgqr lh vM+pus Hkh vk,axhA 
bls iwjk djus osQ nks çeq• igyw gksaxsA çFke & VsDuksykWth vkSj 
ykWftfLVDl dk la;kstuA buosQ bLrseky ls ,slh bysfDVªd fxzM 
dk fuekZ.k laHko gksxk tks nqfu;k Hkj osQ yksxksa dks cM+s iSekus 
ij lqjf{kr] fo'oluh; vkSj lLrh uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ çnku dj 
losQA blosQ fy, lhekvksa vkSj Vkbe t+ksu dks ikj djus okyh 
ubZ Vªkalfe'ku ykbuksa dh t:jr gksxhA 
feuh&fxzM vkSj vkWiQ&fxzM ,uthZ ,Dlsl 
lksY;w'kal dks Hkh rsth ls LosQy&vi djuk 
gksxkA T+;knk lkSj ÅtkZ okys byko+Qksa dks 
egk}hih; Lrj osQ {ks=kh; fxzM~l osQ t+fj, 
vkil esa tksM+us dh t:jr gksxh vkSj lkFk 
gh baVj&jhtuy fyad vyx&vyx Vkbe 
t+ksUl dks lkFk tksM+us iM+saxs rkfd de 
lkSj ÅtkZ okys {ks=kksa dks Hkh fo'oluh; 
vkiwfrZ lqfuf'pr gks losQA lkewfgd ;k 
,dhÑr jktuhfrd bPNk'kfDr bl ,uthZ 
VªkaliQkWeZs'ku dk nwljk igyw gksxk] tks 
ljdkjksa] lkoZtfud {ks=k dh oaQifu;ksa] uhfr 
vxj çèkkuea=kh osQ usr`Ro esa Hkkjr 
osQ bl igy dks liQyrk feyrh 
gS rks nqfu;k dk ,d cM+k fgLlk 
^xzksFk fon xzsV bdksykWftdy 
flLVe* osQ lkFk vkxs c<+us vkSj 
Hkkjr iqu'p nqfu;k dks ml 
Hkkjrh; thou i¼fr ls ifjfpr 
djkus esa liQy gks tk,xk tks 
vHkh osnksa] 'kkÐksa vkSj iqjk.kksa esa 
ns•h ;k i<+h tk ldrh gSA
;kstuk] vDVwcj 2022 23
fuekZrkvksa vkSj fe'ku osQ fy, t+:jh laxBuksa osQ dk;ks± ij è;ku 
osQafær dj ldrk gksA 
cgjgky] Hkkjr us Xyklxks esa 2070 rd usV thjks dh 
çfrc¼rk O;Dr dh FkhA lkFk gh çèkkuea=kh us 2030 rd r; fd, 
tkus okys pkj y{; Hkh fuèkkZfjr fd, FksA bu y{;ksa dks gkfly 
djus dk vFkZ gS fd tYn gh Hkkjr esa ÅtkZ {ks=k] dks;yk o rsy 
ls v{k; ÅtkZ dh vksj dne c<+k nsxkA blesa Hkh lkSj ÅtkZ dh 
eq[; Hkwfedk gksxhA bldh okgd cusxh baVjus'kuy lksyj ,yk;al 
(vkb,l,) ftlosQ xBu dh ?kks"k.kk 2015 esa ubZ fnYyh esa dh 
x;h FkhA mYys•uh; gS fd bl igy osQ igy pj.k esa Hkkjr 
^bafM;u lksyj fxzM* dk fuekZ.k djsxk rRi'pkr bls if'pe ,f'k;k] 
nf{k.k ,f'k;k vkSj nf{k.k iwoZ ,f'k;k osQ ns'kksa ls tksM+us dh fn'kk esa 
dne mBk,xkA blosQ ckn blosQ lkFk vÚhdh ns'kksa dh dusfDVfoVh 
lqfuf'pr dh tk,xhA bldk ifj.kke ;g gksxk bl fxzM ls tqM+s 
ns'kksa esa gj le; mudh t:jr osQ vuq:i lkSj ÅtkZ dh miyCèkrk 
lqfuf'pr gks losQxhA vkb,l, osQ vuqeku osQ eqrkfcd] oSf'od 
Lrj ij 2050 rd o+Qjhc 2]600 xhxkokV lkSj ÅtkZ {kerk gSA 
blls 226 vjc ;wjks vFkok yxHkx 20 yk• 
djksM+ #i;s dh cpr gksxh lkFk gh Xykscy 
okfe±x dks nks fMxzh lsfYl;l ls de ij 
jksduk laHko gks losQxkA
oSls Hkkjr ljdkj lkSj ÅtkZ dk c<+kok 
nsus osQ fy, 30 çfr'kr rd lg;ksx Hkh 
dj jgh gSA oqQN jkT;ksa esa 70 çfr'kr 
rd enn dh tk jgh gSA è;ku jgs fd 
ÅtkZ osQ {ks=k dks ysdj eq[; :i ls nks 
fo"k; çeq• gSaA çFke&fMdkckZsukbts'ku vkSj  
f}rh;&fctyh dk leku :i ls forj.kA 
thok'e b±èku osQ gkfudkjd çHkkoksa vkSj 
yxkrkj c<+rs dkcZu mRltZu ls i`Foh dks 
cpkus dh oSf'od •kst dk ;g ,d fgLlk gSA Hkkjr vHkh Hkh 
O;kolkf;d çfr’kuksa vkSj ?kjksa esa fctyh igq¡pkus osQ fy, thok'e 
b±èku ij fuHkZj gSA pwafd Hkkjr dh vkcknh vHkh Hkh yxkrkj c<+ 
jgh gSA blfy, fctyh dh •ir esa fujarj o`f¼ LokHkkfod gSA 
Hkfo"; osQ fodkl dh laHkkoukvksa dks ns•us gq, ;g dgk tk 
ldrk gS fd ÅtkZ dh ekax vHkh vkSj c<+rh tk,xhA blfy, ;fn 
Hkkjr dks thMhih esa mRltZu osQ ;ksxnku dks de djuk gS] rks 
mls Økafrdkjh Lrj ij dne mBkus gksaxsA Hkkjr dks bl n'kd osQ 
var rd viuh t:jr dk o+Qjhc 40 çfr'kr fctyh fjU;woscy 
Ïksr ls iSnk djuh gksxhA ;g y{; Hkkjr igys gh fuèkkZfjr dj 
Hkh pqdk gSA LokHkkfod rkSj ij bl {kerk dks rHkh gkfly fd;k 
tk ldrk gS] tc Hkkjr lkSj ÅtkZ dk vfèkdre mi;ksx djsA 
blfy, çèkkuea=kh dk ^xzhu fxzM igy* dks ,dlh vfHkuo igy 
ekuk tk ldrk gS ftl ij LoLF;] le`¼] èkkj.kh; o •q'kgky 
fodkl dh cqfu;kn fVdh gqbZ gSA 
la;qDr jk‘ª osQ vuqlkj oSf'od xekZgV (Xykscy okfe±x) dk 
Lrj foxr rhl o"kks± esa 50 çfr'kr rd c<+ pqdk gSA thok'e b±èkuksa 
osQ tyk, tkus ls dkcZu mRltZu osQ c<+us dh xfr 62 çfr'kr osQ 
vklikl rd igq¡p pqdh gSA ;g fLFkfr u osQoy euq"; osQ fy, 
cfYd tSo fofoèkrk osQ fy, Hkh •rjk gSA ;g •rjk efLr"d 
ij rc vkSj ?kkrd çHkko Mkyrk gS fd tc çkphu lH;rkvksa osQ 
iru dh foHkhf"kdkvksa esa tSo fofoèkrk dh iVdFkk ls lk{kkRdkj 
dj ysrs gSaA vkt Bhd mlh çdkj osQ mnkgj.k ns•s tk ldrs gSa 
>hyksa] ufn;ksa vkSj rkykcksa ls lEcafèkr reke vè;;uksa esa ns•k 
tk ldrs gSaA bl lanHkZ esa çèkkuea=kh us nqfu;k dk è;ku vkdf"kZr 
djrs gq, cgqr vPNh ckr dgh gSA mudk dguk gS fd i`Foh ij 
tc ls thou mRi gqvk] rHkh ls lHkh çkf.k;ksa dk thou pØ] 
mudh fnup;kZ lw;Z osQ mn; vkSj vLr ls tqM+h jgh gSA tc rd 
;g çkÑfrd dusD'ku cuk jgk rc rd gekjk xzg Hkh LoLFk jgkA 
mUgksaus dgk fd vkS|ksfxd Økafr dks thok'ke b±èku us ÅtkZ nh 
FkhA thok'e b±èku osQ bLrseky ls dbZ ns'k rks le`¼ gq, ysfdu 
gekjh èkjrh] gekjk i;kZoj.k fuèkZu gks x,A thok'e b±èku dh gksM+ 
us Hkw&jktuhfrd ruko Hkh iSnk fd, ysfdu vkt rduhd us gesa 
,d csgrjhu fodYi fn;k gSA 
okLro esa b±èku dh gksM+ us Hkw&jktuhfrd 
ruko rks iSnk fd, gq, gSaA vHkh nqfu;k 
osQ os rkdrsa blosQ lekèkku •kstus dh 
fLFkfr esa Hkh ugha fn•rh ftUgksaus lkezkT;ksa 
osQ fuekZ.k ls ysdj reke la?k"kks±] ekuoh; 
pwadksa vkSj èoalksa dh iVdFkk,a fy•h gSaA 
osQoy Hkkjr gS tks bl fn'kk esa csgrj djus 
dh ladYiuk vkSj ekufldrk j•rk gSA ,sls 
esa çèkkuea=kh Jh ujsUnz eksnh dh ^xzhu fxzM* 
igy Hkkjr dh lfn;ksa iqjkuh ifjdYiukvksa 
dks Bksl vk;ke nsdj 'kkafriw.kZ] LoLFk vkSj 
le`¼ fo'o osQ fuekZ.k esa fu.kkZ;d lkfcr 
gks ldrh gSA                     n
la;qDr jkԻ osQ vuqlkj oSf'od 
xekZgV (Xykscy okfe±x) dk Lrj 
foxr rhl o"kks± esa 50 çfr'kr 
rd c<+ pqdk gSA thok'e b±èkuksa 
osQ tyk, tkus ls dkcZu mRltZu 
osQ c<+us dh xfr 62 çfr'kr osQ 
vklikl rd igq¡p pqdh gSA ;g 
fLFkfr u osQoy euq"; osQ fy, 
cfYd tSo fofoèkrk osQ fy, Hkh 
•rjk gSA
24 ;kstuk] vDVwcj 2022
iksa dks vke rkSj ij nks lewgksa esa foHkkftr fd;k tk ldrk gS] vFkkZr vaMeku 
dks fudksckj ls nl fMxzh tylfUèk (pSuy) vyx djrk gS tks yxHkx 150 
fd-eh- pkSM+k 400 iSQne (xgjkbZ dh eki) xgjk gSA mPpre mBku mÙkjh 
vaMeku esa lSMy ihd (732 ehVj) vkSj xzsV fudksckj }hi esa ekmaV Fkqfy;j (642 ehVj) 
gSA fudksckj esa 3000 ls 3500 fe-eh- vkSlr okf"kZd o"kkZ vaMeku ls FkksM+h vfèkd gSA 
vaMeku vkSj fudksckj }hi lewg m".kdfVcaèkh; xeZ vkSj vkæZ tyok;q vkSj çpqj o"kkZ 
osQ dkj.k l?ku vkSj çpqj çkÑfrd lEink ls ifjiw.kZ gSaA ouksa dks pkj oxks± esa oxhZÑr 
fd;k x;k gS ;kuh m".kdfVcaèkh; vkæZ lnkcgkj] m".kdfVcaèkh; vèkZ lnkcgkj] ue 
m".kdfVcaèkh; i.kZikrh vkSj rVh; vkSj nynyh ouA blosQ vykok 13 fofHk çdkj osQ 
ouksa dks oxhZÑr fd;k x;k gSA 2019 dh jkT; ou fjiksVZ osQ vuqlkj ou Hkwfe osQ varxZr 
oqQy HkkSxksfyd {ks=k 6]742-782 fd-eh- (81-74 çfr'kr) gSA
2
 vaMeku o fudksckj }hi 
lewg esa jsrhys leqæ rVksa ls ysdj çoky fHkfÙk;ksa] eSaxzkso vkSj ?kus taxyksa okys igkM+ksa tSls 
çkÑfrd oklksa dh vlkèkkj.k fofoèkrk ekStwn gSA Hkkjr esa lcls de v'kkar vkSj csgrjhu 
<ax ls lajf{kr eSaxzkso bl {ks=k esa ik, tkrs gSaA nqfu;k esa ikbZ tkus çpqjre çoky fHkfÙk;ksa 
esa vaMeku vkSj fudksckj dh çoky fHkfÙk;ksa dk LFkku nwljk gS1A bu }hiksa esa fofHk çdkj 
dk çk.kh thou ekStwn gS ftuesa ls çoky fHkfÙk;ksa dk ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k vU;=k ik;s tkus 
okys Hkkjr&ç'kkar {ks=k 'kSy fHkfÙk;ksa osQ leku csgn uktqd vkSj vuwBk tho rRo gSA
miyCèk lUnHkZ lkexzh osQ vuqlkj Hkkjr esa oqQy 21]663 leqæh çtkfr;k¡ gSa ftuesa 
leqæh 'kSoky vkSj eSaxzkso 'kkfey gSaA blesa ls 20]444 tho çtkfr;k¡ Hkkjrh; leqæksa esa 
ekStwn gSaA vaMeku vkSj fudksckj }hi lewg esa çpqj leqæh tSo fofoèkrk (6624 çtkfr;k¡_ 
29-24») gS vkSj LFkyh; ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k esa 3736 çtkfr;k¡ gSaA ,slk vuqeku gS fd 
vaMeku vkSj fudksckj }hi lewg esa yxHkx 1123 LFkkfud çtkfr;k¡ gSa ftuesa ls 871 
çtkfr;k¡ LFkyh; ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k ls gSa tcfd 252 çtkfr;k¡ leqæh ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k ls 
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ys•d oSKkfud&bZ vkSj Hkkjrh; çk.kh loZs{k.k] vaMeku vkSj fudksckj {ks=kh; osQaæ esa çHkkjh vfèkdkjh gSaA bZesy% c_sivaperuman1@rediffmail.com
tSfod lEink ls ifjiw.kZ
lh f'kois#eu
vaMeku vkSj fudksckj  
}hilewg esa 836 }hi] Vkiw 
vkSj t+ehu dh lrg ls mHkjs 
pV~Vkuh va'k gSa tks 800 fd-
eh- ls vfèkd rd iSQys gq, gSaA 
os okLro esa leqæh }hi gSa tks 
IyhLVkslhu fgekPNknu (fjIys 
vkSj chgyj] 1989) osQ nkSjku 
dHkh Hkh eq[; HkwHkkx ls ugha 
tqM+s FksA bu }hiksa dk ,f'k;kbZ 
egk}hi ls i`FkDdj.k yxHkx 
100 fefy;u o"kZ iwoZ mÙkj 
eè;thoh (eslkst+ksbd) dky 
osQ nkSjku HkwxHkhZ; ifjorZu 
osQ dkj.k gqvk FkkA vaMeku 
vkSj fudksckj }hi lewg dHkh 
,f'k;kbZ HkwHkkx dk fgLlk 
Fkk] ysfdu fiQj HkwxHkhZ; 
mFky&iqFky osQ dkj.k mÙkj 
eè;thoh (eslkst+ksbd) dky 
osQ nkSjku yxHkx 100 fefy;u 
o"kZ iwoZ vyx gks x;k FkkA 
bu }hiksa dh Ük`a•yk okLro 
esa tyeXu ioZr Ük`a•ykvksa osQ 
mHkjs gq, va'k gSa tks leqæ ry 
ls mÙkj ls nf{k.k dh vksj 
6 o 45
ñ
 vkSj 13o 30
ñ
 mÙkj 
v{kka'k vkSj 90 o 20* vkSj 
93 o 56
ñ 
iwoZ ns'kkarj osQ chp 
8]249 fd-eh- rd iSQyh gSaA
1
vaMeku vkSj fudksckj }hi