Electrical Engineering (EE) Exam > Electrical Engineering (EE) Notes > Network Theory (Electric Circuits) > Short Notes: Network Elements
Short Notes: Network Elements | Network Theory (Electric Circuits) - Electrical Engineering (EE) PDF Download
| Download, print and study this document offline |
Please wait while the PDF view is loading
Page 1
Active & Passive Elements
If any elements absorb, dissipate, waste, convert electrical energy it is called as passive element.
Eg. Resistor, Inductor, Capacitor.
If any elements energize, deliver, give out, drive the electrical energy it is called as active element.
Eg. BJT, MOSFET.
Network Technologies
Node : It is a point of interconnection or junction between two or more components.
Branch : It is an elemental connection between two nodes.
Mesh: A mesh is a close path which should not have any further closed path in it.
Loop : All possible close path.
Ohm’s law
At constant temperature and for uniform cross section of conductor.
JE ??
s= conductivity,
? ??
?
resisti
1
vity .
? V IR
?
?
l
R
A
Circuit Symbol:
? l lenght of conductor
A = Area of conductor.
Conductance of circuit elements is
?
1
G
R
Sign Convention
To apply ohm’s law, we must apply following sign convention.
Page 2
Active & Passive Elements
If any elements absorb, dissipate, waste, convert electrical energy it is called as passive element.
Eg. Resistor, Inductor, Capacitor.
If any elements energize, deliver, give out, drive the electrical energy it is called as active element.
Eg. BJT, MOSFET.
Network Technologies
Node : It is a point of interconnection or junction between two or more components.
Branch : It is an elemental connection between two nodes.
Mesh: A mesh is a close path which should not have any further closed path in it.
Loop : All possible close path.
Ohm’s law
At constant temperature and for uniform cross section of conductor.
JE ??
s= conductivity,
? ??
?
resisti
1
vity .
? V IR
?
?
l
R
A
Circuit Symbol:
? l lenght of conductor
A = Area of conductor.
Conductance of circuit elements is
?
1
G
R
Sign Convention
To apply ohm’s law, we must apply following sign convention.
Short circuit & open circuit
Voltage across terminals of a short circuit is always zero, regardless of the value of current which
could be any value. (R = 0)
The current through an open circuit is always zero, regardless of voltage across the terminals
which could be any value. ? ? R ??
Power of resistor
2
2
V
P VI I R
R
? ? ?
Resistance always absorbs or dissipates power.
Kirchoff’s laws
? Kirchoff’s current law(KCL)
It states that any instant the algebraic sum of current leaving any junction (or node) in a network
is zero.
In other words, current entering a node is equal to current leaving the node.
? ?
?
? n
n
i t 0
?
?? entering leaving
ii
1 3 5 2 4
i i i i i ? ? ? ?
? Kirchoff’s voltage law (KVL)
It states that any instant the algebraic sum of the voltage around any closed path (or loop) within
a network is zero. In other words, the sum of voltage drops is equal to sum of voltage rises.
? ?
?
?
n
n
V t 0
?
?? drop rise
VV
? ? ? ? ?
1 2 3 4 5
V V V V V 0
Page 3
Active & Passive Elements
If any elements absorb, dissipate, waste, convert electrical energy it is called as passive element.
Eg. Resistor, Inductor, Capacitor.
If any elements energize, deliver, give out, drive the electrical energy it is called as active element.
Eg. BJT, MOSFET.
Network Technologies
Node : It is a point of interconnection or junction between two or more components.
Branch : It is an elemental connection between two nodes.
Mesh: A mesh is a close path which should not have any further closed path in it.
Loop : All possible close path.
Ohm’s law
At constant temperature and for uniform cross section of conductor.
JE ??
s= conductivity,
? ??
?
resisti
1
vity .
? V IR
?
?
l
R
A
Circuit Symbol:
? l lenght of conductor
A = Area of conductor.
Conductance of circuit elements is
?
1
G
R
Sign Convention
To apply ohm’s law, we must apply following sign convention.
Short circuit & open circuit
Voltage across terminals of a short circuit is always zero, regardless of the value of current which
could be any value. (R = 0)
The current through an open circuit is always zero, regardless of voltage across the terminals
which could be any value. ? ? R ??
Power of resistor
2
2
V
P VI I R
R
? ? ?
Resistance always absorbs or dissipates power.
Kirchoff’s laws
? Kirchoff’s current law(KCL)
It states that any instant the algebraic sum of current leaving any junction (or node) in a network
is zero.
In other words, current entering a node is equal to current leaving the node.
? ?
?
? n
n
i t 0
?
?? entering leaving
ii
1 3 5 2 4
i i i i i ? ? ? ?
? Kirchoff’s voltage law (KVL)
It states that any instant the algebraic sum of the voltage around any closed path (or loop) within
a network is zero. In other words, the sum of voltage drops is equal to sum of voltage rises.
? ?
?
?
n
n
V t 0
?
?? drop rise
VV
? ? ? ? ?
1 2 3 4 5
V V V V V 0
Series resistance or voltage division
Two or more circuit elements are connected in series means that current through all elements in
same. If ‘N’ resistors, with resistance
1 2 n
R ,R ,........R are connected in series
eq 1 2 N
R R R ...................R ? ? ?
? ?
?
?
1
1
12
VR
V
RR
? ?
?
?
2
2
12
VR
V
RR
Parallel resistance or current division
Two or more circuit elements are connected in parallel means that voltage across all elements is
same. If ‘N’ resistors are connected in parallel
1 2 N
R ,R ,............R
eq 1 2 N
1 1 1 1
...........
R R R R
? ? ? ?
? ?
?
?
2
1
12
IR
I
RR
? ?
?
?
1
2
12
IR
I
RR
Star Delta Conversion
Start to Delta
??
?
1 2 1 3 2 3
a
1
R R R R R R
R
R
??
?
1 2 1 3 2 3
b
2
R R R R R R
R
R
??
?
1 2 1 3 2 3
c
3
R R R R R R
R
R
Page 4
Active & Passive Elements
If any elements absorb, dissipate, waste, convert electrical energy it is called as passive element.
Eg. Resistor, Inductor, Capacitor.
If any elements energize, deliver, give out, drive the electrical energy it is called as active element.
Eg. BJT, MOSFET.
Network Technologies
Node : It is a point of interconnection or junction between two or more components.
Branch : It is an elemental connection between two nodes.
Mesh: A mesh is a close path which should not have any further closed path in it.
Loop : All possible close path.
Ohm’s law
At constant temperature and for uniform cross section of conductor.
JE ??
s= conductivity,
? ??
?
resisti
1
vity .
? V IR
?
?
l
R
A
Circuit Symbol:
? l lenght of conductor
A = Area of conductor.
Conductance of circuit elements is
?
1
G
R
Sign Convention
To apply ohm’s law, we must apply following sign convention.
Short circuit & open circuit
Voltage across terminals of a short circuit is always zero, regardless of the value of current which
could be any value. (R = 0)
The current through an open circuit is always zero, regardless of voltage across the terminals
which could be any value. ? ? R ??
Power of resistor
2
2
V
P VI I R
R
? ? ?
Resistance always absorbs or dissipates power.
Kirchoff’s laws
? Kirchoff’s current law(KCL)
It states that any instant the algebraic sum of current leaving any junction (or node) in a network
is zero.
In other words, current entering a node is equal to current leaving the node.
? ?
?
? n
n
i t 0
?
?? entering leaving
ii
1 3 5 2 4
i i i i i ? ? ? ?
? Kirchoff’s voltage law (KVL)
It states that any instant the algebraic sum of the voltage around any closed path (or loop) within
a network is zero. In other words, the sum of voltage drops is equal to sum of voltage rises.
? ?
?
?
n
n
V t 0
?
?? drop rise
VV
? ? ? ? ?
1 2 3 4 5
V V V V V 0
Series resistance or voltage division
Two or more circuit elements are connected in series means that current through all elements in
same. If ‘N’ resistors, with resistance
1 2 n
R ,R ,........R are connected in series
eq 1 2 N
R R R ...................R ? ? ?
? ?
?
?
1
1
12
VR
V
RR
? ?
?
?
2
2
12
VR
V
RR
Parallel resistance or current division
Two or more circuit elements are connected in parallel means that voltage across all elements is
same. If ‘N’ resistors are connected in parallel
1 2 N
R ,R ,............R
eq 1 2 N
1 1 1 1
...........
R R R R
? ? ? ?
? ?
?
?
2
1
12
IR
I
RR
? ?
?
?
1
2
12
IR
I
RR
Star Delta Conversion
Start to Delta
??
?
1 2 1 3 2 3
a
1
R R R R R R
R
R
??
?
1 2 1 3 2 3
b
2
R R R R R R
R
R
??
?
1 2 1 3 2 3
c
3
R R R R R R
R
R
Delta to start conversion
?
??
bc
1
a b c
RR
R
R R R
?
??
ac
2
a b c
RR
R
R R R
?
??
ab
3
a b c
RR
R
R R R
Sources
Independent Voltage Source
An ideal independent voltage source maintains a specified voltage across its terminals. The
voltage is independent of current flowing through it.
Independent current source
An ideal independent current source maintains a specified current to flow through it. The current
through this is independent of voltage across it.
Dependent Source
Voltage controlled voltage source (VCVS) ;
X
V AV ?
Current controlled voltage source (CCVS) ;
X
V Ai ?
Voltage controlled current source (VCCS) ; ?
x
i AV
Current controlled current source (CCCS) ;
x
i Ai ?
Capacitor
A capacitor is a combination of a two conducting plates separated by a non-conducting material.
Capacitance is donated by ‘C’
?= Permittivity of medium
A = Area of Plates
D = distance between the plates.
Charge on Plates, Q = CV
V = Potential difference between the plates.
?
?
A
C
d
Page 5
Active & Passive Elements
If any elements absorb, dissipate, waste, convert electrical energy it is called as passive element.
Eg. Resistor, Inductor, Capacitor.
If any elements energize, deliver, give out, drive the electrical energy it is called as active element.
Eg. BJT, MOSFET.
Network Technologies
Node : It is a point of interconnection or junction between two or more components.
Branch : It is an elemental connection between two nodes.
Mesh: A mesh is a close path which should not have any further closed path in it.
Loop : All possible close path.
Ohm’s law
At constant temperature and for uniform cross section of conductor.
JE ??
s= conductivity,
? ??
?
resisti
1
vity .
? V IR
?
?
l
R
A
Circuit Symbol:
? l lenght of conductor
A = Area of conductor.
Conductance of circuit elements is
?
1
G
R
Sign Convention
To apply ohm’s law, we must apply following sign convention.
Short circuit & open circuit
Voltage across terminals of a short circuit is always zero, regardless of the value of current which
could be any value. (R = 0)
The current through an open circuit is always zero, regardless of voltage across the terminals
which could be any value. ? ? R ??
Power of resistor
2
2
V
P VI I R
R
? ? ?
Resistance always absorbs or dissipates power.
Kirchoff’s laws
? Kirchoff’s current law(KCL)
It states that any instant the algebraic sum of current leaving any junction (or node) in a network
is zero.
In other words, current entering a node is equal to current leaving the node.
? ?
?
? n
n
i t 0
?
?? entering leaving
ii
1 3 5 2 4
i i i i i ? ? ? ?
? Kirchoff’s voltage law (KVL)
It states that any instant the algebraic sum of the voltage around any closed path (or loop) within
a network is zero. In other words, the sum of voltage drops is equal to sum of voltage rises.
? ?
?
?
n
n
V t 0
?
?? drop rise
VV
? ? ? ? ?
1 2 3 4 5
V V V V V 0
Series resistance or voltage division
Two or more circuit elements are connected in series means that current through all elements in
same. If ‘N’ resistors, with resistance
1 2 n
R ,R ,........R are connected in series
eq 1 2 N
R R R ...................R ? ? ?
? ?
?
?
1
1
12
VR
V
RR
? ?
?
?
2
2
12
VR
V
RR
Parallel resistance or current division
Two or more circuit elements are connected in parallel means that voltage across all elements is
same. If ‘N’ resistors are connected in parallel
1 2 N
R ,R ,............R
eq 1 2 N
1 1 1 1
...........
R R R R
? ? ? ?
? ?
?
?
2
1
12
IR
I
RR
? ?
?
?
1
2
12
IR
I
RR
Star Delta Conversion
Start to Delta
??
?
1 2 1 3 2 3
a
1
R R R R R R
R
R
??
?
1 2 1 3 2 3
b
2
R R R R R R
R
R
??
?
1 2 1 3 2 3
c
3
R R R R R R
R
R
Delta to start conversion
?
??
bc
1
a b c
RR
R
R R R
?
??
ac
2
a b c
RR
R
R R R
?
??
ab
3
a b c
RR
R
R R R
Sources
Independent Voltage Source
An ideal independent voltage source maintains a specified voltage across its terminals. The
voltage is independent of current flowing through it.
Independent current source
An ideal independent current source maintains a specified current to flow through it. The current
through this is independent of voltage across it.
Dependent Source
Voltage controlled voltage source (VCVS) ;
X
V AV ?
Current controlled voltage source (CCVS) ;
X
V Ai ?
Voltage controlled current source (VCCS) ; ?
x
i AV
Current controlled current source (CCCS) ;
x
i Ai ?
Capacitor
A capacitor is a combination of a two conducting plates separated by a non-conducting material.
Capacitance is donated by ‘C’
?= Permittivity of medium
A = Area of Plates
D = distance between the plates.
Charge on Plates, Q = CV
V = Potential difference between the plates.
?
?
A
C
d
Voltage Current relationship
? ?
? ? dq t
it
dt
?
? ?
? ?
?
dv t
i t C
dt
Sign Convention
Energy Stored in a capacitor
? ?
? ? ? ?
? ? ? ?
? ? ?
2
2
Qt
11
E cv t Q t v t
2 2C 2
Properties of ideal capacitor
? If voltage across capacitor is constant (dc) then current through capacitor is zero & it acts as open
circuit.
? The voltage across capacitor must be continuous, if it as discontinuous, then
? ? dv t
iC
dt
? is infinite,
so voltage across capacitor cannot change instantaneously.
? A capacitor never dissipates energy, it only stores energy.
Capacitor in series & parallel
? In ‘n’ capacitors are connected in series
1 2 n
C ,C ,.............C
?
??
eq
1 2 n
1
C
1 1 1
.................
C C C
? If ‘n’ capacitors are connected in parallel,
1 2 n
C ,C ,..........................C
eq 1 2 n
C C C ....................... C ? ? ? ?
In series connection, charge is same whereas in parallel connection voltage is same.
Read More
|
68 videos|85 docs|62 tests
|
FAQs on Short Notes: Network Elements - Network Theory (Electric Circuits) - Electrical Engineering (EE)
| 1. What are network elements? |  |
Ans. Network elements refer to the various components or devices that make up a network infrastructure. These can include routers, switches, firewalls, servers, and other hardware or software components that enable the functioning and connectivity of a network.
| 2. How do network elements contribute to network performance? | |
Ans. Network elements play a crucial role in determining network performance. They help in routing and switching data packets efficiently, managing network traffic, ensuring data security, and providing necessary services for network communication. The quality and capabilities of network elements directly impact the overall performance and reliability of a network.
| 3. What are some examples of network elements? | |
Ans. Some examples of network elements include routers, which connect different networks and direct data packets to their intended destinations; switches, which enable the creation of local area networks (LANs) and help in data transmission between devices within the same network; firewalls, which protect networks from unauthorized access and malicious activities; and servers, which store and deliver data or services to client devices.
| 4. How are network elements managed and configured? | |
Ans. Network elements are typically managed and configured through network management systems (NMS) or specialized software. These systems allow network administrators to monitor and control the network elements, set up network configurations, perform diagnostics, and troubleshoot any issues. Management protocols such as Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) are commonly used for this purpose.
| 5. What are the key considerations when selecting network elements for a network infrastructure? | |
Ans. When selecting network elements, several factors should be considered. These include the scalability of the network elements to accommodate future growth, compatibility with existing network infrastructure, performance capabilities such as data throughput and latency, security features, ease of management and configuration, vendor support, and overall cost-effectiveness. It is important to choose network elements that align with the specific requirements and objectives of the network infrastructure.
About this Document
|
9.3K Views |
|
4.70/5 Rating |
|
Dec 22, 2024 Last updated |
Document Description: Short Notes: Network Elements for Electrical Engineering (EE) 2024 is part of Network Theory (Electric Circuits) preparation.
The notes and questions for Short Notes: Network Elements have been prepared according to the Electrical Engineering (EE) exam syllabus. Information about Short Notes: Network Elements covers topics
like and Short Notes: Network Elements Example, for Electrical Engineering (EE) 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Short Notes: Network Elements.
Introduction of Short Notes: Network Elements in English is available as part of our Network Theory (Electric Circuits)
for Electrical Engineering (EE) & Short Notes: Network Elements in Hindi for Network Theory (Electric Circuits) course.
Download more important topics related with notes, lectures and mock test series for Electrical Engineering (EE)
Exam by signing up for free. Electrical Engineering (EE): Short Notes: Network Elements | Network Theory (Electric Circuits) - Electrical Engineering (EE)
Description
Full syllabus notes, lecture & questions for Short Notes: Network Elements | Network Theory (Electric Circuits) - Electrical Engineering (EE) - Electrical Engineering (EE) | Plus excerises question with solution to help you revise complete syllabus for Network Theory (Electric Circuits) | Best notes, free PDF download
Information about Short Notes: Network Elements
In this doc you can find the meaning of Short Notes: Network Elements defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides explaining types of
Short Notes: Network Elements theory, EduRev gives you an ample number of questions to practice Short Notes: Network Elements tests, examples and also practice Electrical Engineering (EE)
tests
|
Explore Courses for Electrical Engineering (EE) exam
|
|
Signup for Free!
Signup to see your scores go up within 7 days! Learn & Practice with 1000+ FREE Notes, Videos & Tests.
Related Searches
mock tests for examination
,study material
,ppt
,Important questions
,MCQs
,Sample Paper
,Exam
,practice quizzes
,Short Notes: Network Elements | Network Theory (Electric Circuits) - Electrical Engineering (EE)
,video lectures
,Objective type Questions
,Viva Questions
,Extra Questions
,Semester Notes
,shortcuts and tricks
,Summary
,Previous Year Questions with Solutions
,Short Notes: Network Elements | Network Theory (Electric Circuits) - Electrical Engineering (EE)
,Free
,Short Notes: Network Elements | Network Theory (Electric Circuits) - Electrical Engineering (EE)
,past year papers
;
Additional Information about Short Notes: Network Elements for Electrical Engineering (EE) Preparation
Short Notes: Network Elements Free PDF Download
The Short Notes: Network Elements is an invaluable resource that delves deep into the core of the Electrical Engineering (EE) exam.
These study notes are curated by experts and cover all the essential topics and concepts, making your preparation more efficient and effective.
With the help of these notes, you can grasp complex subjects quickly, revise important points easily,
and reinforce your understanding of key concepts. The study notes are presented in a concise and easy-to-understand manner,
allowing you to optimize your learning process. Whether you're looking for best-recommended books, sample papers, study material,
or toppers' notes, this PDF has got you covered. Download the Short Notes: Network Elements now and kickstart your journey towards success in the Electrical Engineering (EE) exam.
Importance of Short Notes: Network Elements
The importance of Short Notes: Network Elements cannot be overstated, especially for Electrical Engineering (EE) aspirants.
This document holds the key to success in the Electrical Engineering (EE) exam.
It offers a detailed understanding of the concept, providing invaluable insights into the topic.
By knowing the concepts well in advance, students can plan their preparation effectively.
Utilize this indispensable guide for a well-rounded preparation and achieve your desired results.
Short Notes: Network Elements
Short Notes: Network Elements Notes offer in-depth insights into the specific topic to help you master it with ease.
This comprehensive document covers all aspects related to Short Notes: Network Elements.
It includes detailed information about the exam syllabus, recommended books, and study materials for a well-rounded preparation.
Practice papers and question papers enable you to assess your progress effectively.
Additionally, the paper analysis provides valuable tips for tackling the exam strategically.
Access to Toppers' notes gives you an edge in understanding complex concepts.
Whether you're a beginner or aiming for advanced proficiency, Short Notes: Network Elements Notes on EduRev are your ultimate resource for success.
Short Notes: Network Elements Electrical Engineering (EE) Questions
The "Short Notes: Network Elements Electrical Engineering (EE) Questions" guide is a valuable resource for all aspiring students preparing for the
Electrical Engineering (EE) exam. It focuses on providing a wide range of practice questions to help students gauge
their understanding of the exam topics. These questions cover the entire syllabus, ensuring comprehensive preparation.
The guide includes previous years' question papers for students to familiarize themselves with the exam's format and difficulty level.
Additionally, it offers subject-specific question banks, allowing students to focus on weak areas and improve their performance.
Study Short Notes: Network Elements on the App
Students of Electrical Engineering (EE) can study Short Notes: Network Elements alongwith tests & analysis from the EduRev app,
which will help them while preparing for their exam. Apart from the Short Notes: Network Elements,
students can also utilize the EduRev App for other study materials such as previous year question papers, syllabus, important questions, etc.
The EduRev App will make your learning easier as you can access it from anywhere you want.
The content of Short Notes: Network Elements is prepared as per the latest Electrical Engineering (EE) syllabus.
|
© EduRev
|
Education Revolution
|
|
Signup to see your scores
go up within 7 days!
Access 1000+ FREE Docs, Videos and Tests
Takes less than 10 seconds to signup