Yojana Magazine September 2023 - 1 (Hindi) | Current Affairs (Hindi): Daily, Weekly & Monthly - UPSC PDF Download

 Page 1


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ISSN-0971-8397
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; caèkq ,d fu%'kqYd dkuwuh lsok gS ftls 
iathÑr odhyksa dks iathÑr ykHkkfFkZ;ksa ls 
tksM+us osQ fy, fodflr fd;k x;k gSA ;g 
;kstuk ,sls O;fDr;ksa vkSj laxBuksa dks LoSfPNd dkuwuh 
lykg nsrk gS tks dkuwuh lykg ysus esa vleFkZ gSa vkSj@;k 
dkuwuh lgk;rk çkIr ugha dj ldrsA bl çdkj] ftu yksxksa 
dks dkuwuh lgk;rk dh okLrfod vko';drk gksrh gS mUgsa 
eqÝr esa ;k U;wure ykxr ij odhyksa }kjk dkuwuh lgk;rk 
miyCèk gksrh gS ftlls mUgsa viuh dkuwuh leL;kvksa dk 
lkFkZd :i ls lekèkku dk volj feyrk gSA bl dk;ZØe 
osQ rgr viuk le; vkSj lsok,a LosPNk ls nsus esa #fp 
j•us okys is'ksoj vfèkoDrkvksa dks eksckby çkS|ksfxdh osQ 
ekè;e ls gkf'k, ij jgus okys ;ksX; ykHkkfFkZ;ksa ls tksM+k 
tkrk gSA U;k; caèkq eksckby ,fIyosQ'ku fodflr fd;k x;k 
gS vkSj bls meax IysViQkWeZ ij Hkh 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA
çks cksuks 'kCn tks ^çks cksuks ifCydks* dk laf{kIr :i 
gS ,d ykfruh 'kCn gS ftldk eryc gS ^lkoZtfud fgr 
osQ fy,A* vly esa ;g 'kCn fof'k‘ :i ls d+kuwu osQ 
is'ks esa bLrseky gksrk gS & ftldk lanHkZ ,sls O;fDr;ksa 
vkSj laxBuksa dks d+kuwuh lykg nsus dh i¼fr ls gS tks 
d+kuwuh lykg dk •+pZ mBkus esa v{ke gSa vkSj@;k d+kuwuh 
lgk;rk gkfly ugha dj ldrsA d+kuwuh lgk;rk osQ vlyh 
t+:jreanksa dk çfrfufèkRo bl rjg odhyksa }kjk fu%'kqYd 
;k U;wure 'kqYd esa fd;k tkrk gS & ftlls mUgsa viuh 
d+kuwuh leL;kvksa dks vFkZiw.kZ <ax ls çLrqr djus dk ekSd+k 
feyrk gSA  çks cksuks dkuwuh lsok,a fu%'kqYd gSaA U;k; foHkkx 
dk;ZØe osQ rgr iathÑr çks cksuks ,MoksosQV iathÑr 
vkosnd dks nh xbZ dkuwuh lykg ;k çfrfufèkRo osQ fy, 
dksbZ 'kqYd ugha ysxkA gkykafd] vkosnd vkSj odhy osQ 
chp vkilh le> osQ vkèkkj ij vkosnd dks iQksVksdkWih] 
iksfLVax vkSj Vkbfiax 'kqYd tSls vkdfLed •pZ ogu djus 
U;k; cUèkq
eq¶r dkuwuh lgk;rk vkSj lykg
dkuwuh lsok çkfèkdj.k vfèkfu;e 1987 dh èkkjk 12 osQ rgr vuqlwfpr tkfr] vuqlwfpr 
tutkfr] ekuo rLdjh ;k Hkh• ekaxus osQ f'kdkj] efgyk,a ;k cPps] fnO;kax vkSj vU; ik=k 
Jsf.k;ksa lfgr gkf'k, ij ;k oafpr vkosndksa dks U;k; foHkkx osQ U;k; caèkq dk;ZØe }kjk 
eqÝr dkuwuh lgk;rk vkSj lykg çkIr djus dk vfèkdkj gSA
dh vko';drk iM+ ldrh gSA
vkosnd }kjk ntZ fd;k x;k osQl nks ekinaMksa osQ 
feyku osQ vkèkkj ij ,d odhy dks lkSaik tkrk gS%
1- vH;kl dk {ks=k@ekeys dh Js.kh & nhokuh ;k iQkStnkjhA
2- çSfDVl dksVZ@U;k;ky; tgka ekeyk yafcr gS & 
U;k;ky; dk ukeA
çksxzke esa LVksj fd;s x, vfèkoDrkvksa osQ MkVkcsl dh 
NaVkbZ osQ ekè;e ls ;g feyku Lopkfyr :i ls fd;k 
tkrk gSA
Hkwfedk,a vkSj mÙkjnkf;Ro
 y jftLVªkj tujy] mPp U;k;ky;% U;k; caèkq iSuy 
osQ fy, dk;kZUo;u lgk;rk çnku djukA odhyksa osQ 
iathdj.k] eatwjh dk çcaèku djuk vkSj muosQ çn'kZu 
dh leh{kk djukA mPp U;k;ky; Lrj ij bl iSuy 
dh xfrfofèk;ksa osQ çcaèku vkSj ç'kklu osQ fy, ,d 
çHkkjh fu;qDr djukA U;k; caèkq iSuy dh xfrfofèk;ksa 
osQ ckjs esa fu;fer vkèkkj ij vuqoqQyu vkSj tkx#drk 
l=k vk;ksftr djukA
 y U;k; foHkkx% bl igy osQ liQy dk;kZUo;u osQ 
fy, leUo; vkSj lqfoèkk çnku djus esa lgk;rk çnku 
djukA mPp U;k;ky; osQ leUo; ls =kSekfld leh{kk 
cSBd vk;ksftr djuk vkSj lHkh fgrèkkjdksa dks çLrqr 
djus osQ fy, ,d lesfdr Nekgh fjiksVZ rS;kj djukA
 y lh,llh bZ&xo% U;k; foHkkx osQ leUo; esa fuxjkuh 
vkSj fjiksfV±x mís';ksa osQ fy, U;k; caèkq iSuy osQ 
osc&vkèkkfjr ,fIyosQ'ku osQ fMtkbu] fodkl] 
lapkyu vkSj j•j•ko esa lgk;rk çnku djukA 
çfØ;kvksa] dk;ks± vkSj fVªxlZ osQ ys•u] MkVkcsl 
dk j•j•ko djuk] çf'k{k.k çnku djuk vkSj bl 
,fIyosQ'ku osQ mi;ksxdrkZ eSuqvy dks rS;kj djus esa 
lgk;rk djukA dk;ZØe osQ ckjs esa foLr`r tkudkjh  
www.probono-doj.in ij miyCèk gSA              ?
U;k
Page 3


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ISSN-0971-8397
; caèkq ,d fu%'kqYd dkuwuh lsok gS ftls 
iathÑr odhyksa dks iathÑr ykHkkfFkZ;ksa ls 
tksM+us osQ fy, fodflr fd;k x;k gSA ;g 
;kstuk ,sls O;fDr;ksa vkSj laxBuksa dks LoSfPNd dkuwuh 
lykg nsrk gS tks dkuwuh lykg ysus esa vleFkZ gSa vkSj@;k 
dkuwuh lgk;rk çkIr ugha dj ldrsA bl çdkj] ftu yksxksa 
dks dkuwuh lgk;rk dh okLrfod vko';drk gksrh gS mUgsa 
eqÝr esa ;k U;wure ykxr ij odhyksa }kjk dkuwuh lgk;rk 
miyCèk gksrh gS ftlls mUgsa viuh dkuwuh leL;kvksa dk 
lkFkZd :i ls lekèkku dk volj feyrk gSA bl dk;ZØe 
osQ rgr viuk le; vkSj lsok,a LosPNk ls nsus esa #fp 
j•us okys is'ksoj vfèkoDrkvksa dks eksckby çkS|ksfxdh osQ 
ekè;e ls gkf'k, ij jgus okys ;ksX; ykHkkfFkZ;ksa ls tksM+k 
tkrk gSA U;k; caèkq eksckby ,fIyosQ'ku fodflr fd;k x;k 
gS vkSj bls meax IysViQkWeZ ij Hkh 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA
çks cksuks 'kCn tks ^çks cksuks ifCydks* dk laf{kIr :i 
gS ,d ykfruh 'kCn gS ftldk eryc gS ^lkoZtfud fgr 
osQ fy,A* vly esa ;g 'kCn fof'k‘ :i ls d+kuwu osQ 
is'ks esa bLrseky gksrk gS & ftldk lanHkZ ,sls O;fDr;ksa 
vkSj laxBuksa dks d+kuwuh lykg nsus dh i¼fr ls gS tks 
d+kuwuh lykg dk •+pZ mBkus esa v{ke gSa vkSj@;k d+kuwuh 
lgk;rk gkfly ugha dj ldrsA d+kuwuh lgk;rk osQ vlyh 
t+:jreanksa dk çfrfufèkRo bl rjg odhyksa }kjk fu%'kqYd 
;k U;wure 'kqYd esa fd;k tkrk gS & ftlls mUgsa viuh 
d+kuwuh leL;kvksa dks vFkZiw.kZ <ax ls çLrqr djus dk ekSd+k 
feyrk gSA  çks cksuks dkuwuh lsok,a fu%'kqYd gSaA U;k; foHkkx 
dk;ZØe osQ rgr iathÑr çks cksuks ,MoksosQV iathÑr 
vkosnd dks nh xbZ dkuwuh lykg ;k çfrfufèkRo osQ fy, 
dksbZ 'kqYd ugha ysxkA gkykafd] vkosnd vkSj odhy osQ 
chp vkilh le> osQ vkèkkj ij vkosnd dks iQksVksdkWih] 
iksfLVax vkSj Vkbfiax 'kqYd tSls vkdfLed •pZ ogu djus 
U;k; cUèkq
eq¶r dkuwuh lgk;rk vkSj lykg
dkuwuh lsok çkfèkdj.k vfèkfu;e 1987 dh èkkjk 12 osQ rgr vuqlwfpr tkfr] vuqlwfpr 
tutkfr] ekuo rLdjh ;k Hkh• ekaxus osQ f'kdkj] efgyk,a ;k cPps] fnO;kax vkSj vU; ik=k 
Jsf.k;ksa lfgr gkf'k, ij ;k oafpr vkosndksa dks U;k; foHkkx osQ U;k; caèkq dk;ZØe }kjk 
eqÝr dkuwuh lgk;rk vkSj lykg çkIr djus dk vfèkdkj gSA
dh vko';drk iM+ ldrh gSA
vkosnd }kjk ntZ fd;k x;k osQl nks ekinaMksa osQ 
feyku osQ vkèkkj ij ,d odhy dks lkSaik tkrk gS%
1- vH;kl dk {ks=k@ekeys dh Js.kh & nhokuh ;k iQkStnkjhA
2- çSfDVl dksVZ@U;k;ky; tgka ekeyk yafcr gS & 
U;k;ky; dk ukeA
çksxzke esa LVksj fd;s x, vfèkoDrkvksa osQ MkVkcsl dh 
NaVkbZ osQ ekè;e ls ;g feyku Lopkfyr :i ls fd;k 
tkrk gSA
Hkwfedk,a vkSj mÙkjnkf;Ro
 y jftLVªkj tujy] mPp U;k;ky;% U;k; caèkq iSuy 
osQ fy, dk;kZUo;u lgk;rk çnku djukA odhyksa osQ 
iathdj.k] eatwjh dk çcaèku djuk vkSj muosQ çn'kZu 
dh leh{kk djukA mPp U;k;ky; Lrj ij bl iSuy 
dh xfrfofèk;ksa osQ çcaèku vkSj ç'kklu osQ fy, ,d 
çHkkjh fu;qDr djukA U;k; caèkq iSuy dh xfrfofèk;ksa 
osQ ckjs esa fu;fer vkèkkj ij vuqoqQyu vkSj tkx#drk 
l=k vk;ksftr djukA
 y U;k; foHkkx% bl igy osQ liQy dk;kZUo;u osQ 
fy, leUo; vkSj lqfoèkk çnku djus esa lgk;rk çnku 
djukA mPp U;k;ky; osQ leUo; ls =kSekfld leh{kk 
cSBd vk;ksftr djuk vkSj lHkh fgrèkkjdksa dks çLrqr 
djus osQ fy, ,d lesfdr Nekgh fjiksVZ rS;kj djukA
 y lh,llh bZ&xo% U;k; foHkkx osQ leUo; esa fuxjkuh 
vkSj fjiksfV±x mís';ksa osQ fy, U;k; caèkq iSuy osQ 
osc&vkèkkfjr ,fIyosQ'ku osQ fMtkbu] fodkl] 
lapkyu vkSj j•j•ko esa lgk;rk çnku djukA 
çfØ;kvksa] dk;ks± vkSj fVªxlZ osQ ys•u] MkVkcsl 
dk j•j•ko djuk] çf'k{k.k çnku djuk vkSj bl 
,fIyosQ'ku osQ mi;ksxdrkZ eSuqvy dks rS;kj djus esa 
lgk;rk djukA dk;ZØe osQ ckjs esa foLr`r tkudkjh  
www.probono-doj.in ij miyCèk gSA              ?
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fganh] vlfe;k] ckaXyk] vaxzst+h] xqt+jkrh] dUuM+] ey;kye] rfey] rsyqxq] ejkBh] vksfM+;k] iatkch rFkk mnwZ 
esa ,d lkFk izdkf'krA
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vad %  09
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ISSN-0971-8397
www.publicationsdivision.nic.in @DPD_India I @YojanaJournal @publicationsdivision @dpd_india
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la;qDr funs'kd (mRiknu) % MhosQlh ân;ukFk
 vkoj.k % fcUnq oekZ
;kstuk dk y{; ns'k osQ vkfFkZd fodkl ls 
lEcfU/r eqíksa dk ljdkjh uhfr;ksa osQ O;kid 
lanHkZ esa xgjkbZ ls fo'ys"k.k dj bu ij foe'kZ osQ 
fy, ,d thoar eap miyCèk djkuk gSA
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr ys[kksa esa O;Dr fopkj ys[kdksa 
osQ O;fDrxr gSaA t+:jh ugha fd ;s ys[kd Hkkjr 
ljdkj osQ ftu ea=kky;ksa] foHkkxksa vFkok laxBuksa 
ls lac¼ gSa] mudk Hkh ;gh n`f"Vdks.k gksA 
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr foKkiuksa dh fo"k;oLrq osQ 
fy, ;kstuk mÙkjnk;h ugha gSaA
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr vkys[kksa esa iz;qDr ekufp=k o 
izrhd vkf/dkfjd ugha gS] cfYd lkaosQfrd gSaA ;s 
ekufp=k ;k izrhd fdlh Hkh ns'k dk vkfèkdkfjd 
izfrfuf/Ro ugha djrs gSaA
;kstuk ys[kdksa }kjk vkys[kksa osQ lkFk vius 
fo'oluh; lzksrksa ls ,d=k dj miyC/ djk, 
x, vkadM+ksa@rkfydkvksa@bUiQksxzkfiQDl osQ lEcUèk 
esa mÙkjnk;h ugha gSA ;kstuk fdlh Hkh ys[k esa osQl 
LVMh osQ :i esa izLrqr fdlh Hkh czkaM ;k futh 
laLFkkvksa dk leFkZu ;k izpkj ugha djrh gSA
;kstuk ?kj eaxkus] 'kqYd esa NwV osQ lkFk njksa 
o Iyku dh foLr`r tkudkjh osQ fy, i`"B&57 
ij ns[ksaA
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if=kdk izkIr gksus esa de ls de 8 lIrkg dk 
le; yxrk gSA bl vof/ osQ lekIr gksus osQ ckn 
gh ;kstuk izkIr u gksus dh f'kdk;r djsaA
;kstuk u feyus dh f'kdk;r ;k iqjkus vad eaxkus 
osQ fy, uhps fn, x, bZ&esy ij fy[ksa & 
pdjucir@gmail.com
;k laidZ djsa& 
nwjHkk"k % 011&24367453
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izkr% 9%30 cts ls 'kke 6%00 cts rd)
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foKkiu Niokus osQ fy, laidZ djsaµ
vfHk"ksd prqosZnh] laiknd] if=kdk ,dka'k
çdk'ku foHkkx] dejk la- 779] lkroka ry]
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Page 4


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?????? ????? ?????? flrEcj 2023
ISSN-0971-8397
; caèkq ,d fu%'kqYd dkuwuh lsok gS ftls 
iathÑr odhyksa dks iathÑr ykHkkfFkZ;ksa ls 
tksM+us osQ fy, fodflr fd;k x;k gSA ;g 
;kstuk ,sls O;fDr;ksa vkSj laxBuksa dks LoSfPNd dkuwuh 
lykg nsrk gS tks dkuwuh lykg ysus esa vleFkZ gSa vkSj@;k 
dkuwuh lgk;rk çkIr ugha dj ldrsA bl çdkj] ftu yksxksa 
dks dkuwuh lgk;rk dh okLrfod vko';drk gksrh gS mUgsa 
eqÝr esa ;k U;wure ykxr ij odhyksa }kjk dkuwuh lgk;rk 
miyCèk gksrh gS ftlls mUgsa viuh dkuwuh leL;kvksa dk 
lkFkZd :i ls lekèkku dk volj feyrk gSA bl dk;ZØe 
osQ rgr viuk le; vkSj lsok,a LosPNk ls nsus esa #fp 
j•us okys is'ksoj vfèkoDrkvksa dks eksckby çkS|ksfxdh osQ 
ekè;e ls gkf'k, ij jgus okys ;ksX; ykHkkfFkZ;ksa ls tksM+k 
tkrk gSA U;k; caèkq eksckby ,fIyosQ'ku fodflr fd;k x;k 
gS vkSj bls meax IysViQkWeZ ij Hkh 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA
çks cksuks 'kCn tks ^çks cksuks ifCydks* dk laf{kIr :i 
gS ,d ykfruh 'kCn gS ftldk eryc gS ^lkoZtfud fgr 
osQ fy,A* vly esa ;g 'kCn fof'k‘ :i ls d+kuwu osQ 
is'ks esa bLrseky gksrk gS & ftldk lanHkZ ,sls O;fDr;ksa 
vkSj laxBuksa dks d+kuwuh lykg nsus dh i¼fr ls gS tks 
d+kuwuh lykg dk •+pZ mBkus esa v{ke gSa vkSj@;k d+kuwuh 
lgk;rk gkfly ugha dj ldrsA d+kuwuh lgk;rk osQ vlyh 
t+:jreanksa dk çfrfufèkRo bl rjg odhyksa }kjk fu%'kqYd 
;k U;wure 'kqYd esa fd;k tkrk gS & ftlls mUgsa viuh 
d+kuwuh leL;kvksa dks vFkZiw.kZ <ax ls çLrqr djus dk ekSd+k 
feyrk gSA  çks cksuks dkuwuh lsok,a fu%'kqYd gSaA U;k; foHkkx 
dk;ZØe osQ rgr iathÑr çks cksuks ,MoksosQV iathÑr 
vkosnd dks nh xbZ dkuwuh lykg ;k çfrfufèkRo osQ fy, 
dksbZ 'kqYd ugha ysxkA gkykafd] vkosnd vkSj odhy osQ 
chp vkilh le> osQ vkèkkj ij vkosnd dks iQksVksdkWih] 
iksfLVax vkSj Vkbfiax 'kqYd tSls vkdfLed •pZ ogu djus 
U;k; cUèkq
eq¶r dkuwuh lgk;rk vkSj lykg
dkuwuh lsok çkfèkdj.k vfèkfu;e 1987 dh èkkjk 12 osQ rgr vuqlwfpr tkfr] vuqlwfpr 
tutkfr] ekuo rLdjh ;k Hkh• ekaxus osQ f'kdkj] efgyk,a ;k cPps] fnO;kax vkSj vU; ik=k 
Jsf.k;ksa lfgr gkf'k, ij ;k oafpr vkosndksa dks U;k; foHkkx osQ U;k; caèkq dk;ZØe }kjk 
eqÝr dkuwuh lgk;rk vkSj lykg çkIr djus dk vfèkdkj gSA
dh vko';drk iM+ ldrh gSA
vkosnd }kjk ntZ fd;k x;k osQl nks ekinaMksa osQ 
feyku osQ vkèkkj ij ,d odhy dks lkSaik tkrk gS%
1- vH;kl dk {ks=k@ekeys dh Js.kh & nhokuh ;k iQkStnkjhA
2- çSfDVl dksVZ@U;k;ky; tgka ekeyk yafcr gS & 
U;k;ky; dk ukeA
çksxzke esa LVksj fd;s x, vfèkoDrkvksa osQ MkVkcsl dh 
NaVkbZ osQ ekè;e ls ;g feyku Lopkfyr :i ls fd;k 
tkrk gSA
Hkwfedk,a vkSj mÙkjnkf;Ro
 y jftLVªkj tujy] mPp U;k;ky;% U;k; caèkq iSuy 
osQ fy, dk;kZUo;u lgk;rk çnku djukA odhyksa osQ 
iathdj.k] eatwjh dk çcaèku djuk vkSj muosQ çn'kZu 
dh leh{kk djukA mPp U;k;ky; Lrj ij bl iSuy 
dh xfrfofèk;ksa osQ çcaèku vkSj ç'kklu osQ fy, ,d 
çHkkjh fu;qDr djukA U;k; caèkq iSuy dh xfrfofèk;ksa 
osQ ckjs esa fu;fer vkèkkj ij vuqoqQyu vkSj tkx#drk 
l=k vk;ksftr djukA
 y U;k; foHkkx% bl igy osQ liQy dk;kZUo;u osQ 
fy, leUo; vkSj lqfoèkk çnku djus esa lgk;rk çnku 
djukA mPp U;k;ky; osQ leUo; ls =kSekfld leh{kk 
cSBd vk;ksftr djuk vkSj lHkh fgrèkkjdksa dks çLrqr 
djus osQ fy, ,d lesfdr Nekgh fjiksVZ rS;kj djukA
 y lh,llh bZ&xo% U;k; foHkkx osQ leUo; esa fuxjkuh 
vkSj fjiksfV±x mís';ksa osQ fy, U;k; caèkq iSuy osQ 
osc&vkèkkfjr ,fIyosQ'ku osQ fMtkbu] fodkl] 
lapkyu vkSj j•j•ko esa lgk;rk çnku djukA 
çfØ;kvksa] dk;ks± vkSj fVªxlZ osQ ys•u] MkVkcsl 
dk j•j•ko djuk] çf'k{k.k çnku djuk vkSj bl 
,fIyosQ'ku osQ mi;ksxdrkZ eSuqvy dks rS;kj djus esa 
lgk;rk djukA dk;ZØe osQ ckjs esa foLr`r tkudkjh  
www.probono-doj.in ij miyCèk gSA              ?
U;k
fganh] vlfe;k] ckaXyk] vaxzst+h] xqt+jkrh] dUuM+] ey;kye] rfey] rsyqxq] ejkBh] vksfM+;k] iatkch rFkk mnwZ 
esa ,d lkFk izdkf'krA
o"kZ  %  67
vad %  09
flrEcj 2023
Hkknzin&vkf'ou] 'kd laor~ 1945
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izdk'ku foHkkx osQ ns'kHkj esa fLFkr foØ; osQUnzksa dh lwph osQ fy, ns[ksa i`-la- 37
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ISSN-0971-8397
www.publicationsdivision.nic.in @DPD_India I @YojanaJournal @publicationsdivision @dpd_india
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la;qDr funs'kd (mRiknu) % MhosQlh ân;ukFk
 vkoj.k % fcUnq oekZ
;kstuk dk y{; ns'k osQ vkfFkZd fodkl ls 
lEcfU/r eqíksa dk ljdkjh uhfr;ksa osQ O;kid 
lanHkZ esa xgjkbZ ls fo'ys"k.k dj bu ij foe'kZ osQ 
fy, ,d thoar eap miyCèk djkuk gSA
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr ys[kksa esa O;Dr fopkj ys[kdksa 
osQ O;fDrxr gSaA t+:jh ugha fd ;s ys[kd Hkkjr 
ljdkj osQ ftu ea=kky;ksa] foHkkxksa vFkok laxBuksa 
ls lac¼ gSa] mudk Hkh ;gh n`f"Vdks.k gksA 
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr foKkiuksa dh fo"k;oLrq osQ 
fy, ;kstuk mÙkjnk;h ugha gSaA
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr vkys[kksa esa iz;qDr ekufp=k o 
izrhd vkf/dkfjd ugha gS] cfYd lkaosQfrd gSaA ;s 
ekufp=k ;k izrhd fdlh Hkh ns'k dk vkfèkdkfjd 
izfrfuf/Ro ugha djrs gSaA
;kstuk ys[kdksa }kjk vkys[kksa osQ lkFk vius 
fo'oluh; lzksrksa ls ,d=k dj miyC/ djk, 
x, vkadM+ksa@rkfydkvksa@bUiQksxzkfiQDl osQ lEcUèk 
esa mÙkjnk;h ugha gSA ;kstuk fdlh Hkh ys[k esa osQl 
LVMh osQ :i esa izLrqr fdlh Hkh czkaM ;k futh 
laLFkkvksa dk leFkZu ;k izpkj ugha djrh gSA
;kstuk ?kj eaxkus] 'kqYd esa NwV osQ lkFk njksa 
o Iyku dh foLr`r tkudkjh osQ fy, i`"B&57 
ij ns[ksaA
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le; yxrk gSA bl vof/ osQ lekIr gksus osQ ckn 
gh ;kstuk izkIr u gksus dh f'kdk;r djsaA
;kstuk u feyus dh f'kdk;r ;k iqjkus vad eaxkus 
osQ fy, uhps fn, x, bZ&esy ij fy[ksa & 
pdjucir@gmail.com
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(lkseokj ls 'kqØokj lHkh dk;Z fnol ij  
izkr% 9%30 cts ls 'kke 6%00 cts rd)
;kstuk dh lnL;rk dh tkudkjh ysus rFkk 
foKkiu Niokus osQ fy, laidZ djsaµ
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lu dk ewy Hkko] fdlh jk"Vª dks le`f¼ vkSj ln~Hkko dh vksj ys tkus dh dyk gSA Hkkjr dh fofoèkrkiw.kZ vkSj 
thoar Nfo esa] 'kklu dh ;k=kk pqukSrh vkSj volj nksuksa jgh gSA fiNys dqN o"kks± esa] ns'k us lqèkkjksa dh ,d  Ük`a[kyk 
ns[kh gS ftldk mís'; blds 'kklu ifjn`'; dks fiQj ls ifjHkkf"kr djuk] fodkl dks c<+kok nsuk vkSj vius ukxfjdksa ds 
thou dks csgrj cukuk gSA
lqèkkj] fodkl'khy lekt dk ,d vifjgk;Z igyw gaSA pkgs os lkekftd ekaxksa ls ;k fiQj oSf'od ekunaMksa esa cnyko ls 
çsfjr gksa] izxfr ds iFk ij vxzlj vkSj vkt ds lekt ds lkeus vkus okyh pqukSfr;ksa ls fuiVus rFkk voljksa dks Hkqukus ds 
fy, ;s lqèkkj egRoiw.kZ gSaA bu lqèkkjksa esa pqukoh ç.kkfy;ksa ls ysdj lkekftd uhfr;ksa rd] vkfFkZd fu;eksa ls ysdj i;kZoj.k 
lqj{kk rd dbZ {ks=kksa esa gks ldrs gSaA Hkkjr us bZ&xous±l ekWMy ds lkFk ifjorZudkjh lqèkkjksa dks ykxw fd;k gS] tks ljdkj 
ds lkFk ukxfjdksa dh ijLij fØ;k dks lqO;ofLFkr djrk gS vkSj mUgsa ,d lkFk ykrk gSA bl fMftVy ;qx esa] os ljdkjh 
çfØ;kvksa esa ikjnf'kZrk vkSj [kqysiu ds lkFk&lkFk ukxfjdksa ds fy, vko';d lqj{kk vkSj fo'ks"kkfèkdkj Hkh lqfuf'pr djrk gSA
vkfFkZd lqèkkjksa us Hkkjr dks oSf'od eap ij vkxs c<+k;k gSA 1990 ds n'kd esa mnkjhdj.k us fons'kh fuos'k ds }kj [kksys] 
vkSj vkfFkZd fodkl rFkk uokpkj dks c<+kok fn;kA oLrq vkSj lsok dj&th,lVh] 2017 ds lcls mYys[kuh; lqèkkjksa esa ls 
,d gS] ftlus vçR;{k djksa ds tfVy tky dks cny fn;k] ftlls ,d iwokZuqekfur dj O;oLFkk dh 'kq#vkr gqbZ vkSj O;kikj 
djus esa vklkuh dks c<+kok feykA
,d vU; egRoiw.kZ igyw] tokcnsgh dks dbZ laLFkkuksa ds ekè;e ls etcwr fd;k x;k gSA blds ckn pquko vk;ksx] 
fu;a=kd ,oa egkys[kk ijh{kd] jk"Vªh; ekuokfèkdkj vk;ksx vkfn tSls fofHkUu laoSèkkfud fudk;ksa dh Hkwfedk vkrh gS tks ,d 
yksdrkaf=kd vkSj tokcnsg 'kklu ç.kkyh ds dkedkt ds fy, egRoiw.kZ gSaA bZ&xous±l dh 'kq#vkr us ç'kklfud çfØ;kvksa 
dks lqO;ofLFkr fd;k gS] fiNys cps dk;ks± ds cks> dks de fd;k gS vkSj  lsok,a iznku djus  esa n{krk c<+kbZ gSA fMftVy 
IysViQkWeZ us ukxfjdksa vkSj ljdkj ds chp dh nwjh dks de dj fn;k gS] ftlls lhèks laokn vkSj okLrfod le; ij çfrfØ;k 
dh lqfoèkk fey jgh gSA
lkekftd dY;k.k ds {ks=k esa] lHkh ds fy, foÙkh; lekos'ku çnku djus vkSj cSafdax lsokvksa rFkk chek rd igqap lqfuf'pr 
djus ds fy, çèkkuea=kh tu èku ;kstuk (ih,etsMhokbZ) 'kq: dh xbZ FkhA LoPN Hkkjr vfHk;ku lkiQ&liQkbZ vkSj LoPNrk ij 
è;ku dsafær djus okyk ,d vkSj çeq[k dk;ZØe Fkk] ftldk y{; Hkkjr dks [kqys esa 'kkSp eqDr jk"Vª esa cnyuk FkkA Hkkjr esa 
uohure MkVk laj{k.k dkuwu O;fDr;ksa dh xksiuh;rk vkSj O;fDrxr MkVk dh lqj{kk dh fn'kk esa egRoiw.kZ cnyko ysdj vk;k 
gSA ;g dkuwu MkVk çcaèku] lgefr çcaèku vkSj ikjnf'kZrk ds fy, dM+s ekudksa ij t+ksj nsdj] mi;ksxdrkZvksa dh tkudkjh ij 
muds fu;a=k.k dks c<+krk gSA ;g ukxfjdksa ds vfèkdkjksa dks etcwr djrk gS] fMftVy baVjSD'ku esa fo'okl iSnk djrk gS vkSj 
Hkkjr dks oSf'od MkVk lqj{kk ekunaMksa ds lkFk ,d vkèkqfud vSj xksiuh;rk ds çfr tkx:d jk"Vª ds :i esa LFkkfir djrk gSA
dÙkZO; dky dh Hkkouk esa] Hkkjr ds 'kklu lqèkkj mTToy Hkfo"; dh vksj lkewfgd çxfr dk çrhd gSaA tSls&tSls ukxfjd 
drZO; vkSj çxfr ds fl¼karksa }kjk funsZf'kr gksdj ubZ ÅtkZ ds lkFk viuh ft+Eesnkfj;ksa dks Lohdkj djrs gSa] ,d vk'kktud 
f{kfrt lkeus vkrk gSA fofHkUu laLFkk,a vkSj laoSèkkfud fudk; ikjnf'kZrk] lekosf'krk vkSj tokcnsg 'kklu ds lkFk bl ekxZ 
dks ç'kLr dj jgs gSaA bu lqèkkjksa ds ekè;e ls] Hkkjr ifjorZu dh ,slh dgkuh fy[kus ds fy, rS;kj gS] tgka ukxfjd Hkkxhnkjh 
vkSj lq'kklu] cM+s iSekus ij lekt dh le`f¼ esa enn djus ds fy, ,dtqV gksaxsA ;kstuk dk ;g vad Hkkjr esa 'kklu dh 
xgjh le> çnku djrk gS vkSj lg;ksxkRed :i ls mu lqèkkjksa dh dYiuk djrk gS tks lekurk vkSj çxfr dks c<+kok nsrs 
gSaA bl vad esa 'kkfey fd;s x, vkys[k ns'k ds gkfy;k lqèkkjksa ds vkyksd esa fo"k;ksa dh ,d foLr`r  Ük`a[kyk dks doj djrs 
gSa] tks mu laLFkkuksa ds fo"k; fo'ks"kKksa }kjk fy[ks x, gSa tks bu lqèkkjksa dks laHko cuk jgs gSaA                       ?
laikndh;
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Page 5


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ISSN-0971-8397
; caèkq ,d fu%'kqYd dkuwuh lsok gS ftls 
iathÑr odhyksa dks iathÑr ykHkkfFkZ;ksa ls 
tksM+us osQ fy, fodflr fd;k x;k gSA ;g 
;kstuk ,sls O;fDr;ksa vkSj laxBuksa dks LoSfPNd dkuwuh 
lykg nsrk gS tks dkuwuh lykg ysus esa vleFkZ gSa vkSj@;k 
dkuwuh lgk;rk çkIr ugha dj ldrsA bl çdkj] ftu yksxksa 
dks dkuwuh lgk;rk dh okLrfod vko';drk gksrh gS mUgsa 
eqÝr esa ;k U;wure ykxr ij odhyksa }kjk dkuwuh lgk;rk 
miyCèk gksrh gS ftlls mUgsa viuh dkuwuh leL;kvksa dk 
lkFkZd :i ls lekèkku dk volj feyrk gSA bl dk;ZØe 
osQ rgr viuk le; vkSj lsok,a LosPNk ls nsus esa #fp 
j•us okys is'ksoj vfèkoDrkvksa dks eksckby çkS|ksfxdh osQ 
ekè;e ls gkf'k, ij jgus okys ;ksX; ykHkkfFkZ;ksa ls tksM+k 
tkrk gSA U;k; caèkq eksckby ,fIyosQ'ku fodflr fd;k x;k 
gS vkSj bls meax IysViQkWeZ ij Hkh 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA
çks cksuks 'kCn tks ^çks cksuks ifCydks* dk laf{kIr :i 
gS ,d ykfruh 'kCn gS ftldk eryc gS ^lkoZtfud fgr 
osQ fy,A* vly esa ;g 'kCn fof'k‘ :i ls d+kuwu osQ 
is'ks esa bLrseky gksrk gS & ftldk lanHkZ ,sls O;fDr;ksa 
vkSj laxBuksa dks d+kuwuh lykg nsus dh i¼fr ls gS tks 
d+kuwuh lykg dk •+pZ mBkus esa v{ke gSa vkSj@;k d+kuwuh 
lgk;rk gkfly ugha dj ldrsA d+kuwuh lgk;rk osQ vlyh 
t+:jreanksa dk çfrfufèkRo bl rjg odhyksa }kjk fu%'kqYd 
;k U;wure 'kqYd esa fd;k tkrk gS & ftlls mUgsa viuh 
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feyrk gSA  çks cksuks dkuwuh lsok,a fu%'kqYd gSaA U;k; foHkkx 
dk;ZØe osQ rgr iathÑr çks cksuks ,MoksosQV iathÑr 
vkosnd dks nh xbZ dkuwuh lykg ;k çfrfufèkRo osQ fy, 
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chp vkilh le> osQ vkèkkj ij vkosnd dks iQksVksdkWih] 
iksfLVax vkSj Vkbfiax 'kqYd tSls vkdfLed •pZ ogu djus 
U;k; cUèkq
eq¶r dkuwuh lgk;rk vkSj lykg
dkuwuh lsok çkfèkdj.k vfèkfu;e 1987 dh èkkjk 12 osQ rgr vuqlwfpr tkfr] vuqlwfpr 
tutkfr] ekuo rLdjh ;k Hkh• ekaxus osQ f'kdkj] efgyk,a ;k cPps] fnO;kax vkSj vU; ik=k 
Jsf.k;ksa lfgr gkf'k, ij ;k oafpr vkosndksa dks U;k; foHkkx osQ U;k; caèkq dk;ZØe }kjk 
eqÝr dkuwuh lgk;rk vkSj lykg çkIr djus dk vfèkdkj gSA
dh vko';drk iM+ ldrh gSA
vkosnd }kjk ntZ fd;k x;k osQl nks ekinaMksa osQ 
feyku osQ vkèkkj ij ,d odhy dks lkSaik tkrk gS%
1- vH;kl dk {ks=k@ekeys dh Js.kh & nhokuh ;k iQkStnkjhA
2- çSfDVl dksVZ@U;k;ky; tgka ekeyk yafcr gS & 
U;k;ky; dk ukeA
çksxzke esa LVksj fd;s x, vfèkoDrkvksa osQ MkVkcsl dh 
NaVkbZ osQ ekè;e ls ;g feyku Lopkfyr :i ls fd;k 
tkrk gSA
Hkwfedk,a vkSj mÙkjnkf;Ro
 y jftLVªkj tujy] mPp U;k;ky;% U;k; caèkq iSuy 
osQ fy, dk;kZUo;u lgk;rk çnku djukA odhyksa osQ 
iathdj.k] eatwjh dk çcaèku djuk vkSj muosQ çn'kZu 
dh leh{kk djukA mPp U;k;ky; Lrj ij bl iSuy 
dh xfrfofèk;ksa osQ çcaèku vkSj ç'kklu osQ fy, ,d 
çHkkjh fu;qDr djukA U;k; caèkq iSuy dh xfrfofèk;ksa 
osQ ckjs esa fu;fer vkèkkj ij vuqoqQyu vkSj tkx#drk 
l=k vk;ksftr djukA
 y U;k; foHkkx% bl igy osQ liQy dk;kZUo;u osQ 
fy, leUo; vkSj lqfoèkk çnku djus esa lgk;rk çnku 
djukA mPp U;k;ky; osQ leUo; ls =kSekfld leh{kk 
cSBd vk;ksftr djuk vkSj lHkh fgrèkkjdksa dks çLrqr 
djus osQ fy, ,d lesfdr Nekgh fjiksVZ rS;kj djukA
 y lh,llh bZ&xo% U;k; foHkkx osQ leUo; esa fuxjkuh 
vkSj fjiksfV±x mís';ksa osQ fy, U;k; caèkq iSuy osQ 
osc&vkèkkfjr ,fIyosQ'ku osQ fMtkbu] fodkl] 
lapkyu vkSj j•j•ko esa lgk;rk çnku djukA 
çfØ;kvksa] dk;ks± vkSj fVªxlZ osQ ys•u] MkVkcsl 
dk j•j•ko djuk] çf'k{k.k çnku djuk vkSj bl 
,fIyosQ'ku osQ mi;ksxdrkZ eSuqvy dks rS;kj djus esa 
lgk;rk djukA dk;ZØe osQ ckjs esa foLr`r tkudkjh  
www.probono-doj.in ij miyCèk gSA              ?
U;k
fganh] vlfe;k] ckaXyk] vaxzst+h] xqt+jkrh] dUuM+] ey;kye] rfey] rsyqxq] ejkBh] vksfM+;k] iatkch rFkk mnwZ 
esa ,d lkFk izdkf'krA
o"kZ  %  67
vad %  09
flrEcj 2023
Hkknzin&vkf'ou] 'kd laor~ 1945
?? ??? ???...
i`"B %  60
izdk'ku foHkkx osQ ns'kHkj esa fLFkr foØ; osQUnzksa dh lwph osQ fy, ns[ksa i`-la- 37
????? ??? : ??????? ??????
ISSN-0971-8397
www.publicationsdivision.nic.in @DPD_India I @YojanaJournal @publicationsdivision @dpd_india
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laikndh; dk;kZy;
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la;qDr funs'kd (mRiknu) % MhosQlh ân;ukFk
 vkoj.k % fcUnq oekZ
;kstuk dk y{; ns'k osQ vkfFkZd fodkl ls 
lEcfU/r eqíksa dk ljdkjh uhfr;ksa osQ O;kid 
lanHkZ esa xgjkbZ ls fo'ys"k.k dj bu ij foe'kZ osQ 
fy, ,d thoar eap miyCèk djkuk gSA
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr ys[kksa esa O;Dr fopkj ys[kdksa 
osQ O;fDrxr gSaA t+:jh ugha fd ;s ys[kd Hkkjr 
ljdkj osQ ftu ea=kky;ksa] foHkkxksa vFkok laxBuksa 
ls lac¼ gSa] mudk Hkh ;gh n`f"Vdks.k gksA 
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr foKkiuksa dh fo"k;oLrq osQ 
fy, ;kstuk mÙkjnk;h ugha gSaA
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr vkys[kksa esa iz;qDr ekufp=k o 
izrhd vkf/dkfjd ugha gS] cfYd lkaosQfrd gSaA ;s 
ekufp=k ;k izrhd fdlh Hkh ns'k dk vkfèkdkfjd 
izfrfuf/Ro ugha djrs gSaA
;kstuk ys[kdksa }kjk vkys[kksa osQ lkFk vius 
fo'oluh; lzksrksa ls ,d=k dj miyC/ djk, 
x, vkadM+ksa@rkfydkvksa@bUiQksxzkfiQDl osQ lEcUèk 
esa mÙkjnk;h ugha gSA ;kstuk fdlh Hkh ys[k esa osQl 
LVMh osQ :i esa izLrqr fdlh Hkh czkaM ;k futh 
laLFkkvksa dk leFkZu ;k izpkj ugha djrh gSA
;kstuk ?kj eaxkus] 'kqYd esa NwV osQ lkFk njksa 
o Iyku dh foLr`r tkudkjh osQ fy, i`"B&57 
ij ns[ksaA
;kstuk dh lnL;rk 'kqYd tek djus osQ ckn 
if=kdk izkIr gksus esa de ls de 8 lIrkg dk 
le; yxrk gSA bl vof/ osQ lekIr gksus osQ ckn 
gh ;kstuk izkIr u gksus dh f'kdk;r djsaA
;kstuk u feyus dh f'kdk;r ;k iqjkus vad eaxkus 
osQ fy, uhps fn, x, bZ&esy ij fy[ksa & 
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;k laidZ djsa& 
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(lkseokj ls 'kqØokj lHkh dk;Z fnol ij  
izkr% 9%30 cts ls 'kke 6%00 cts rd)
;kstuk dh lnL;rk dh tkudkjh ysus rFkk 
foKkiu Niokus osQ fy, laidZ djsaµ
vfHk"ksd prqosZnh] laiknd] if=kdk ,dka'k
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lu dk ewy Hkko] fdlh jk"Vª dks le`f¼ vkSj ln~Hkko dh vksj ys tkus dh dyk gSA Hkkjr dh fofoèkrkiw.kZ vkSj 
thoar Nfo esa] 'kklu dh ;k=kk pqukSrh vkSj volj nksuksa jgh gSA fiNys dqN o"kks± esa] ns'k us lqèkkjksa dh ,d  Ük`a[kyk 
ns[kh gS ftldk mís'; blds 'kklu ifjn`'; dks fiQj ls ifjHkkf"kr djuk] fodkl dks c<+kok nsuk vkSj vius ukxfjdksa ds 
thou dks csgrj cukuk gSA
lqèkkj] fodkl'khy lekt dk ,d vifjgk;Z igyw gaSA pkgs os lkekftd ekaxksa ls ;k fiQj oSf'od ekunaMksa esa cnyko ls 
çsfjr gksa] izxfr ds iFk ij vxzlj vkSj vkt ds lekt ds lkeus vkus okyh pqukSfr;ksa ls fuiVus rFkk voljksa dks Hkqukus ds 
fy, ;s lqèkkj egRoiw.kZ gSaA bu lqèkkjksa esa pqukoh ç.kkfy;ksa ls ysdj lkekftd uhfr;ksa rd] vkfFkZd fu;eksa ls ysdj i;kZoj.k 
lqj{kk rd dbZ {ks=kksa esa gks ldrs gSaA Hkkjr us bZ&xous±l ekWMy ds lkFk ifjorZudkjh lqèkkjksa dks ykxw fd;k gS] tks ljdkj 
ds lkFk ukxfjdksa dh ijLij fØ;k dks lqO;ofLFkr djrk gS vkSj mUgsa ,d lkFk ykrk gSA bl fMftVy ;qx esa] os ljdkjh 
çfØ;kvksa esa ikjnf'kZrk vkSj [kqysiu ds lkFk&lkFk ukxfjdksa ds fy, vko';d lqj{kk vkSj fo'ks"kkfèkdkj Hkh lqfuf'pr djrk gSA
vkfFkZd lqèkkjksa us Hkkjr dks oSf'od eap ij vkxs c<+k;k gSA 1990 ds n'kd esa mnkjhdj.k us fons'kh fuos'k ds }kj [kksys] 
vkSj vkfFkZd fodkl rFkk uokpkj dks c<+kok fn;kA oLrq vkSj lsok dj&th,lVh] 2017 ds lcls mYys[kuh; lqèkkjksa esa ls 
,d gS] ftlus vçR;{k djksa ds tfVy tky dks cny fn;k] ftlls ,d iwokZuqekfur dj O;oLFkk dh 'kq#vkr gqbZ vkSj O;kikj 
djus esa vklkuh dks c<+kok feykA
,d vU; egRoiw.kZ igyw] tokcnsgh dks dbZ laLFkkuksa ds ekè;e ls etcwr fd;k x;k gSA blds ckn pquko vk;ksx] 
fu;a=kd ,oa egkys[kk ijh{kd] jk"Vªh; ekuokfèkdkj vk;ksx vkfn tSls fofHkUu laoSèkkfud fudk;ksa dh Hkwfedk vkrh gS tks ,d 
yksdrkaf=kd vkSj tokcnsg 'kklu ç.kkyh ds dkedkt ds fy, egRoiw.kZ gSaA bZ&xous±l dh 'kq#vkr us ç'kklfud çfØ;kvksa 
dks lqO;ofLFkr fd;k gS] fiNys cps dk;ks± ds cks> dks de fd;k gS vkSj  lsok,a iznku djus  esa n{krk c<+kbZ gSA fMftVy 
IysViQkWeZ us ukxfjdksa vkSj ljdkj ds chp dh nwjh dks de dj fn;k gS] ftlls lhèks laokn vkSj okLrfod le; ij çfrfØ;k 
dh lqfoèkk fey jgh gSA
lkekftd dY;k.k ds {ks=k esa] lHkh ds fy, foÙkh; lekos'ku çnku djus vkSj cSafdax lsokvksa rFkk chek rd igqap lqfuf'pr 
djus ds fy, çèkkuea=kh tu èku ;kstuk (ih,etsMhokbZ) 'kq: dh xbZ FkhA LoPN Hkkjr vfHk;ku lkiQ&liQkbZ vkSj LoPNrk ij 
è;ku dsafær djus okyk ,d vkSj çeq[k dk;ZØe Fkk] ftldk y{; Hkkjr dks [kqys esa 'kkSp eqDr jk"Vª esa cnyuk FkkA Hkkjr esa 
uohure MkVk laj{k.k dkuwu O;fDr;ksa dh xksiuh;rk vkSj O;fDrxr MkVk dh lqj{kk dh fn'kk esa egRoiw.kZ cnyko ysdj vk;k 
gSA ;g dkuwu MkVk çcaèku] lgefr çcaèku vkSj ikjnf'kZrk ds fy, dM+s ekudksa ij t+ksj nsdj] mi;ksxdrkZvksa dh tkudkjh ij 
muds fu;a=k.k dks c<+krk gSA ;g ukxfjdksa ds vfèkdkjksa dks etcwr djrk gS] fMftVy baVjSD'ku esa fo'okl iSnk djrk gS vkSj 
Hkkjr dks oSf'od MkVk lqj{kk ekunaMksa ds lkFk ,d vkèkqfud vSj xksiuh;rk ds çfr tkx:d jk"Vª ds :i esa LFkkfir djrk gSA
dÙkZO; dky dh Hkkouk esa] Hkkjr ds 'kklu lqèkkj mTToy Hkfo"; dh vksj lkewfgd çxfr dk çrhd gSaA tSls&tSls ukxfjd 
drZO; vkSj çxfr ds fl¼karksa }kjk funsZf'kr gksdj ubZ ÅtkZ ds lkFk viuh ft+Eesnkfj;ksa dks Lohdkj djrs gSa] ,d vk'kktud 
f{kfrt lkeus vkrk gSA fofHkUu laLFkk,a vkSj laoSèkkfud fudk; ikjnf'kZrk] lekosf'krk vkSj tokcnsg 'kklu ds lkFk bl ekxZ 
dks ç'kLr dj jgs gSaA bu lqèkkjksa ds ekè;e ls] Hkkjr ifjorZu dh ,slh dgkuh fy[kus ds fy, rS;kj gS] tgka ukxfjd Hkkxhnkjh 
vkSj lq'kklu] cM+s iSekus ij lekt dh le`f¼ esa enn djus ds fy, ,dtqV gksaxsA ;kstuk dk ;g vad Hkkjr esa 'kklu dh 
xgjh le> çnku djrk gS vkSj lg;ksxkRed :i ls mu lqèkkjksa dh dYiuk djrk gS tks lekurk vkSj çxfr dks c<+kok nsrs 
gSaA bl vad esa 'kkfey fd;s x, vkys[k ns'k ds gkfy;k lqèkkjksa ds vkyksd esa fo"k;ksa dh ,d foLr`r  Ük`a[kyk dks doj djrs 
gSa] tks mu laLFkkuksa ds fo"k; fo'ks"kKksa }kjk fy[ks x, gSa tks bu lqèkkjksa dks laHko cuk jgs gSaA                       ?
laikndh;
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6 ??????? 2023
drkaf=kd ljdkj esa flfoy lsok ,d egRoiw.kZ 
laLFkk gSA bl ij uhfr;ksa dks rS;kj djus] 'kklu 
vkSj dY;k.k djus okys dk;ZØeksa osQ ekè;e ls 
mUgsa ykxw djus vkSj ra=k dks dk;e j•us ls tqM+h lsokvksa dk 
fuoZgu djus esa dk;Zikfydk vkSj foèkk;h 'kklu ç.kkyh dh 
lgk;rk djus dh ftEesnkjh lkSaih xbZ gSA vius liQy dk;ks± 
osQ ekè;e ls] ;g dk;Zikfydk vkSj foèkk;h uhfr osQ fy, 
O;kid leFkZu rS;kj djrk gS] vkSj viuh foiQyrkvksa osQ 
ekè;e ls] ;g •qn dks vkSj dfFkr :i ls fuokZfpr ljdkjksa 
dks lalnh; fujh{k.k osQ midj.kksa osQ çfr tokcnsg cukrk gSA
vius vla[; dk;ks± osQ ekè;e ls] ;g dk;Zikfydk 
dh lgk;rk djrk gS_ ys•kijh{kk çfØ;kvksa osQ ekè;e ls 
foèkkf;dk dh lgk;rk djrk gS_ vkSj] la{ksi esa] jkT; osQ 
vU; vax & U;k;ikfydk dh Hkh lgk;rk djrk gSA gkykafd] 
lkoZtfud xfrfofèk ;k ç'kklu osQ gj :i vkSj vkdkj esa 
bldh mifLFkfr osQ ckotwn] ukSdj'kkgh dk oxhZ; n`f‘dks.k 
dk;Zikfydk ls tqM+s {ks=k dh lsok osQ fy, laxfBr yksxksa osQ 
lewg rd gh lhfer gSA vr% ;g ijh{k.k çpfyr ifjHkk"kk 
rd gh lhfer gSA
yks
Úkal esa 18oha lnh esa tSDl xkSjus }kjk ^ukSdj'kkg* 'kCn 
x<+k x;k Fkk vkSj ftldk ;wjksih; :i ÚsMfjd n xzsV osQ 
çf'k;k esa fodflr gqvk] tks eSDl oscj vkSj muosQ }kjk 
fpfÉr fo'ks"krkvksa dks fpf=kr djrk gSA blfy,] vius vkèkqfud 
Lo:i esa] bls vkSipkfjd] voS;fDrd] fu;e ls caèkk gqvk 
vkSj inkuqØfer osQ :i esa ns•k tkrk gS] tks vDlj bldk ,d 
udkjkRed vkjksi.k gksrk gSA Hkkjr dh flfoy lsok buls çHkkfor 
Fkh] vkSj 1854 dh ukWFkZdksV&Vªsosfy;u fjiksVZ voèkkj.kkvksa 
osQ ifj.kkeLo:i 1858 esa Dohu dh ?kks"k.kk lkeus vkbZA 
rc ls bls •qyh çfrLièkhZ ijh{kkvksa osQ ;ksX;rk fl¼kar ij 
vk;ksftr fd;k tk jgk gSA
Lora=k Hkkjr osQ lafoèkku dk Hkkx XIV O;kolkf;drk 
dk leFkZu djus okys foLr`r lqj{kk mik;ksa osQ lkFk la?k 
yksd lsok vk;ksx vkSj jkT; vk;ksxksa dk fuekZ.k djosQ oqQ'ky 
^yksd lsokvksa* dk çkoèkku çnku djrk gSA bl ;kstuk osQ 
rgr] Hkkjrh; ^ukSdj'kkg* dk;Zikfydk dk ,d ?kVd gS] tks 
vuq'kklu] fu;a=k.k vkSj iw.kZ vèkh{k.k osQ vèkhu gSA nqfu;k 
osQ vU; fgLlksa esa ukSdj'kkgh esa lsokjr vius led{kksa dh 
rqyuk esa muosQ ikl vfèkd ^xqatkb'k* gSA mnkgj.k osQ rkSj 
,d ;qok yksdra=k esa] tgka vkcknh dk cM+k fgLlk ljdkjh lsokvksa ij fuHkZj gS] tehuh Lrj 
ij fdlh Hkh lqèkkj dk rsth ls çHkko iM+sxkA blfy,] tuHkkxhnkjh dh Hkkouk] ukxfjdksa 
vkSj ljdkjh çfØ;kvksa osQ chp fo'okl dh deh dks nwj djus] uokpkj vkSj çHkko'kkyh 
forj.k ij ljdkj dk c<+rk tksj ukxfjd&çFke n`f‘dks.k dk laosQr nsrk gSA fe'ku deZ;ksxh 
osQ ekè;e ls] fu;e ls caèks ^ukSdj'kkg* ls ^fu;e ls Hkwfedk dh vksj* ,d cnyko dks 
viukdj ,d lgkuqHkwfr'khy flfoy lsod esa :ikarfjr gksus dh vk'kk dh tkrh gSA
{kerk&fuekZ.k ds n`f"Vdks.k 
ls flfoy lsok esa lq/kkj
izeq[k vkys[k
Jhfuokl dkfrfdFkyk
funs'kd] yky cgknqj 'kkL=kh jk"Vªh; iz'kklu vdkneh] elwjhA 
bZesy% director-lbsnaa@gov.in