UPSC Exam  >  UPSC Notes  >  Current Affairs (Hindi): Daily, Weekly & Monthly  >  Yojana Magazine November 2023 - 2 (Hindi)

Yojana Magazine November 2023 - 2 (Hindi) | Current Affairs (Hindi): Daily, Weekly & Monthly - UPSC PDF Download

Download, print and study this document offline
Please wait while the PDF view is loading
 Page 1


21 ?????? 2023
LFkk;h Hkfo"; dk jksMeSi
gfjr fodkl le>kSrk
rr fodkl dk ewy fl¼kar fodkl iFk osQ 
vkfFkZd] i;kZoj.kh; vkSj lkekftd vk;keksa 
osQ chp ,slk larqyu LFkkfir djuk gS ftlls 
Hkkoh ihf<+;ksa osQ fgrksa dh j{kk djrs gq, orZeku vkSj u;h 
vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ dh tk losQA
tyok;q ifjorZu osQ fofHk çHkkoksa us ns'kksa dks viuh 
uhfr;ksa vkSj dk;ks± ij fiQj ls fopkj djus vkSj ;g lqfuf'pr 
djus dh vko';drk dks js•kafdr fd;k gS fd gj {ks=k 
esa fLFkjrk dks eq[;èkkjk esa yk;k tk,A Hkkjr }kjk viuk;k 
fodkl iFk tks vFkZO;oLFkk vkSj ikfjfLFkfrdh nksuksa dks 
è;ku esa j•rk gS fo'o osQ fy, ,d felky gSA xr o"kZ 
fnlacj esa Hkkjr dks th20 dh vè;{krk feyus osQ lkFk 
tyok;q vkSj i;kZoj.kh; fLFkjrk dks eq[; fo"k;ksa osQ :i esa 
fpfUgr fd;k x;kA th20 us fo'ks"k :i ls fodkl'khy ns'kksa 
esa vkthfodk dh lqj{kk vkSj fodkl dh miyfCèk;ksa dh 
j{kk osQ fy, varj&{ks=kh; (ØkWl&lsDVksjy) vuqowQyu c<+kus 
vkSj yphykiu ykus dh vR;ko';drk ij Hkh tksj fn;kA
th20 ns'k lkewfgd :i ls nqfu;k dh nks&frgkbZ 
tula[;k dk çfrfufèkRo djrs gSa] oSf'od ldy ?kjsyw 
mRikn (thMhih) esa 85 izfr'kr dk ;ksxnku djrs gSa vkSj 
LFkk;h Hkfo"; osQ fy, gfjr fodkl le>kSrk lrr fodkl osQ lkekftd] vkfFkZd vkSj 
i;kZoj.kh; igyqvksa dk lekèkku djus okyh dkjZokbZ dks Bksl :i çnku djus esa dke;kc 
jgk gSA blesa os lHkh eqís 'kkfey gSa tks leLr fo'o osQ fy, egRoiw.kZ gSaA Hkkjr us ,d 
,slh j.kuhfr dh jpuk dk liQyrkiwoZd usr`Ro fd;k gS tks oSf'od nf{k.k osQ ljksdkjksa 
dks eq[;èkkjk esa 'kkfey djrh gSA
l
yhuk uanu
lfpo] i;kZoj.k] ou vkSj tyok;q ifjorZu ea=kky;] Hkkjr ljdkjA bZesy% secy-moef@nic.in
Page 2


21 ?????? 2023
LFkk;h Hkfo"; dk jksMeSi
gfjr fodkl le>kSrk
rr fodkl dk ewy fl¼kar fodkl iFk osQ 
vkfFkZd] i;kZoj.kh; vkSj lkekftd vk;keksa 
osQ chp ,slk larqyu LFkkfir djuk gS ftlls 
Hkkoh ihf<+;ksa osQ fgrksa dh j{kk djrs gq, orZeku vkSj u;h 
vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ dh tk losQA
tyok;q ifjorZu osQ fofHk çHkkoksa us ns'kksa dks viuh 
uhfr;ksa vkSj dk;ks± ij fiQj ls fopkj djus vkSj ;g lqfuf'pr 
djus dh vko';drk dks js•kafdr fd;k gS fd gj {ks=k 
esa fLFkjrk dks eq[;èkkjk esa yk;k tk,A Hkkjr }kjk viuk;k 
fodkl iFk tks vFkZO;oLFkk vkSj ikfjfLFkfrdh nksuksa dks 
è;ku esa j•rk gS fo'o osQ fy, ,d felky gSA xr o"kZ 
fnlacj esa Hkkjr dks th20 dh vè;{krk feyus osQ lkFk 
tyok;q vkSj i;kZoj.kh; fLFkjrk dks eq[; fo"k;ksa osQ :i esa 
fpfUgr fd;k x;kA th20 us fo'ks"k :i ls fodkl'khy ns'kksa 
esa vkthfodk dh lqj{kk vkSj fodkl dh miyfCèk;ksa dh 
j{kk osQ fy, varj&{ks=kh; (ØkWl&lsDVksjy) vuqowQyu c<+kus 
vkSj yphykiu ykus dh vR;ko';drk ij Hkh tksj fn;kA
th20 ns'k lkewfgd :i ls nqfu;k dh nks&frgkbZ 
tula[;k dk çfrfufèkRo djrs gSa] oSf'od ldy ?kjsyw 
mRikn (thMhih) esa 85 izfr'kr dk ;ksxnku djrs gSa vkSj 
LFkk;h Hkfo"; osQ fy, gfjr fodkl le>kSrk lrr fodkl osQ lkekftd] vkfFkZd vkSj 
i;kZoj.kh; igyqvksa dk lekèkku djus okyh dkjZokbZ dks Bksl :i çnku djus esa dke;kc 
jgk gSA blesa os lHkh eqís 'kkfey gSa tks leLr fo'o osQ fy, egRoiw.kZ gSaA Hkkjr us ,d 
,slh j.kuhfr dh jpuk dk liQyrkiwoZd usr`Ro fd;k gS tks oSf'od nf{k.k osQ ljksdkjksa 
dks eq[;èkkjk esa 'kkfey djrh gSA
l
yhuk uanu
lfpo] i;kZoj.k] ou vkSj tyok;q ifjorZu ea=kky;] Hkkjr ljdkjA bZesy% secy-moef@nic.in
22 ?????? 2023
varjjk"Vªh; O;kikj esa budh Hkkxhnkjh 75 izfr'kr gSA le; 
osQ lkFk i;kZoj.k osQ eqís oSf'od fpark osQ lokZsifj fo"k; cu 
x, gSa ftUgksaus jkԻksa dks gfjr vkSj yphys fodkl ij viuk 
è;ku osQafær djus osQ fy, rRij fd;k gSA bl voèkkj.kk osQ 
vkèkkj ij th20 usrkvksa us ubZ fnYyh esa usrkvksa dh ?kks"k.kk 
osQ ekè;e ls gfjr fodkl le>kSrs dks viuk;k ftlus ouksa 
vkSj ikfjfLFkfrd ra=kksa dh lqj{kk vkSj laj{k.k] oSf'od Hkwfe 
cgkyh y{;ksa ij le>kSrs vkSj leqæh IykfLVd dpjs osQ 
f•ykiQ dkjZokbZ tSls egRoiw.kZ ekeyksa dk lekèkku •kstus 
osQ çfr viuh lkewfgd çfrc¼rk dks mtkxj fd;k vkSj 
lkFk gh i;kZoj.kh; lacaèkh dkjZokbZ esa lg;ksx dh 'kfDr dks 
igpkukA lk>snkjh lrr fodkl dh oqQath gS vkSj varjjk"Vªh; 
tSo b±èku xBcaèku (Xykscy ck;ksÝ;wy ,yk;al) jpukRed 
lg;ksx dh Hkkouk dk ,d Toyar mnkgj.k gS tks Hkkjr dh 
th20 vè;{krk dh fo'ks"krk gSA
çèkku ea=kh osQ fe'ku ykbiQ & ;kuh i;kZoj.k osQ fy, 
thou 'kSyh osQ ç;kstu dks lHkh th20 ns'kksa dk vikj 
leFkZu feykA fcuk lksps&le>s miHkksx osQ ctk; lalkèkuksa 
osQ lksp&le>dj mi;ksx dks c<+kok nsus dh vko';drk dks 
vPNh rjg ls Lohdkj fd;k x;k tks fLFkj thou 'kSyh osQ 
fy, mPp&Lrjh; fl¼karksa dks viukus ls Li‘ çdV gksrk 
gSA fLFkjrk dh ewy voèkkj.kkvksa dks O;fDrxr fodYiksa vkSj 
O;ogkjksa esa 'kkfey djuk vkSj mUgsa ewY; Ük`a•yk esa laLFkkxr 
cukuk ,d ,slh voèkkj.kk Fkh ftls lkoZHkkSfed :i ls nh 
x;h vkSj loZlEefr ls Lohdkj fd;k x;kA
 i;kZoj.k osQ {kj.k ls fodkl dks i`Fkd djus vkSj 
LFkk;h •ir vkSj mRiknu dks c<+kus ftles çkFkfed lalkèku 
•ir 'kkfey gS th20 us lrr fodkl gkfly djus esa pØh; 
vFkZO;oLFkk] foLrkfjr mRiknd mÙkjnkf;Ro vkSj lalkèku 
n{krk dh vge Hkwfedk ij è;ku osQafær fd;kA bl fn'kk 
esa vkxs dne mBkrs gq, Hkkjrh; vè;{krk us lalkèku n{krk 
vkSj pØh; vFkZO;oLFkk m|ksx xBcaèku (vkjbZlhbZvkbZlh) 
ykWUp fd;k vkSj bl igy dks th20 usrkvksa us Hkh Lohdkj 
fd;kA pØh; vFkZO;oLFkk dk lcls egRoiw.kZ ykHk 
vif'k‘ mRiknu esa deh ykuk gSA mRiknksa vkSj lkefxz;ksa 
dk iqu% mi;ksx] uohuhdj.k vkSj iqupZØ.k djus ls de 
ek=kk esa vif'k‘ ySaMfiQy (Bksl vif'k‘ Hkjko{ks=k) ;k 
bfUlujsVjksa (HkLedksa) esa tkrk gS ftlls vif'k‘ fuiVku dk  
i;kZoj.kh; çHkko de gks tkrk gSA pØh; vFkZO;oLFkk 
dk;Zç.kkfy;ka mRiknksa vkSj lkefxz;ksa osQ thou pØ dks 
c<+kus ij osQafær gksrh gSa vkSj bl çdkj •futksa] èkkrqvksa 
vkSj thok'e b±èku tSls çkÑfrd lalkèkuksa dk laj{k.k djrh 
gSaA blls lalkèku fu"d"kZ.k dh vko';drk ?kV tkrh gS 
vkSj blls tqM+h i;kZoj.kh; {kfr dks ?kVkus esa enn feyrh 
gSA pØh; vFkZO;oLFkk ejEer] iqufoZfuekZ.k] iqupZØ.k vkSj 
vif'k‘ çcaèku lfgr fofHk {ks=kksa esa jkstxkj mRi dj ldrh 
gS vkSj bl çdkj vkfFkZd fodkl esa rsth yk ldrh gSA
gfjr fodkl le>kSrs us ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k dh cgkyh 
ij fo'ks"k tksj fn;k gSA 2030 rd {kj.k gq, ikfjfLFkfrdh 
ra=k osQ de ls de 30 izfr'kr dh iqucZgkyh vkSj Hkwfe 
fe'ku ykbiQ
feVk,a vius bZ&dpjs
NksVs dne] cM+k izHkko! le`¼ Hkfo";  
ds fy, orZeku dk laj{k.k
 ? midj.kksa ds R;kx ds ctk; mudh ejEerh vkSj 
iqu% mi;ksx
 ? fjpktsZcy fyfFk;e lsy dk iz;ksx
 ? isu Mªkbo@gkMZ Mªkbo ds LFkku ij DykmQM LVksjst 
dk mi;ksx
fe'ku ykbiQ ds rhu pj.k
ykbZiQLVkbZy iQkWj 
,uok;juesaV
çR;sd pj.k esa fLFkjrk osQ çfr gekjs n`f‘dks.k esa 
ekSfyd cnyko dh vko';drk gksrh gSA
igyk pj.k % ekax esa ifjorZu
nwljk pj.k % vkiwfrZ esa ifjorZu
rhljk pj.k % uhfr esa ifjorZu
nqfu;k Hkj esa O;fDr;ksa dks vius nSfud thou esa ljy 
ysfdu çHkkoh i;kZoj.k&vuqowQy dk;ks± dk vH;kl djus 
osQ fy, çsfjr djuk
cM+s iSekus ij O;fDrxr ekax esa cnyko ls m|ksxksa vkSj cktkjksa 
dks èkhjs&èkhjs çfrfØ;k nsus vkSj la'kksfèkr ekaxksa osQ vuqlkj 
vkiwfrZ vkSj •jhn djus osQ fy, çsfjr djus dh mEehn gSA
Hkkjr vkSj nqfu;k dh ekax vkSj vkiwfrZ dh xfr'khyrk dks çHkkfor djosQ] fe'ku 
ykbiQ dk nh?kZdkfyd n`f‘dks.k cM+s iSekus ij vkS|ksfxd vkSj ljdkjh uhfr;ksa esa 
cnyko ykuk gS tks fVdkÅ •ir vkSj mRiknu nksuksa dk leFkZu dj ldrs gSaA
Page 3


21 ?????? 2023
LFkk;h Hkfo"; dk jksMeSi
gfjr fodkl le>kSrk
rr fodkl dk ewy fl¼kar fodkl iFk osQ 
vkfFkZd] i;kZoj.kh; vkSj lkekftd vk;keksa 
osQ chp ,slk larqyu LFkkfir djuk gS ftlls 
Hkkoh ihf<+;ksa osQ fgrksa dh j{kk djrs gq, orZeku vkSj u;h 
vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ dh tk losQA
tyok;q ifjorZu osQ fofHk çHkkoksa us ns'kksa dks viuh 
uhfr;ksa vkSj dk;ks± ij fiQj ls fopkj djus vkSj ;g lqfuf'pr 
djus dh vko';drk dks js•kafdr fd;k gS fd gj {ks=k 
esa fLFkjrk dks eq[;èkkjk esa yk;k tk,A Hkkjr }kjk viuk;k 
fodkl iFk tks vFkZO;oLFkk vkSj ikfjfLFkfrdh nksuksa dks 
è;ku esa j•rk gS fo'o osQ fy, ,d felky gSA xr o"kZ 
fnlacj esa Hkkjr dks th20 dh vè;{krk feyus osQ lkFk 
tyok;q vkSj i;kZoj.kh; fLFkjrk dks eq[; fo"k;ksa osQ :i esa 
fpfUgr fd;k x;kA th20 us fo'ks"k :i ls fodkl'khy ns'kksa 
esa vkthfodk dh lqj{kk vkSj fodkl dh miyfCèk;ksa dh 
j{kk osQ fy, varj&{ks=kh; (ØkWl&lsDVksjy) vuqowQyu c<+kus 
vkSj yphykiu ykus dh vR;ko';drk ij Hkh tksj fn;kA
th20 ns'k lkewfgd :i ls nqfu;k dh nks&frgkbZ 
tula[;k dk çfrfufèkRo djrs gSa] oSf'od ldy ?kjsyw 
mRikn (thMhih) esa 85 izfr'kr dk ;ksxnku djrs gSa vkSj 
LFkk;h Hkfo"; osQ fy, gfjr fodkl le>kSrk lrr fodkl osQ lkekftd] vkfFkZd vkSj 
i;kZoj.kh; igyqvksa dk lekèkku djus okyh dkjZokbZ dks Bksl :i çnku djus esa dke;kc 
jgk gSA blesa os lHkh eqís 'kkfey gSa tks leLr fo'o osQ fy, egRoiw.kZ gSaA Hkkjr us ,d 
,slh j.kuhfr dh jpuk dk liQyrkiwoZd usr`Ro fd;k gS tks oSf'od nf{k.k osQ ljksdkjksa 
dks eq[;èkkjk esa 'kkfey djrh gSA
l
yhuk uanu
lfpo] i;kZoj.k] ou vkSj tyok;q ifjorZu ea=kky;] Hkkjr ljdkjA bZesy% secy-moef@nic.in
22 ?????? 2023
varjjk"Vªh; O;kikj esa budh Hkkxhnkjh 75 izfr'kr gSA le; 
osQ lkFk i;kZoj.k osQ eqís oSf'od fpark osQ lokZsifj fo"k; cu 
x, gSa ftUgksaus jkԻksa dks gfjr vkSj yphys fodkl ij viuk 
è;ku osQafær djus osQ fy, rRij fd;k gSA bl voèkkj.kk osQ 
vkèkkj ij th20 usrkvksa us ubZ fnYyh esa usrkvksa dh ?kks"k.kk 
osQ ekè;e ls gfjr fodkl le>kSrs dks viuk;k ftlus ouksa 
vkSj ikfjfLFkfrd ra=kksa dh lqj{kk vkSj laj{k.k] oSf'od Hkwfe 
cgkyh y{;ksa ij le>kSrs vkSj leqæh IykfLVd dpjs osQ 
f•ykiQ dkjZokbZ tSls egRoiw.kZ ekeyksa dk lekèkku •kstus 
osQ çfr viuh lkewfgd çfrc¼rk dks mtkxj fd;k vkSj 
lkFk gh i;kZoj.kh; lacaèkh dkjZokbZ esa lg;ksx dh 'kfDr dks 
igpkukA lk>snkjh lrr fodkl dh oqQath gS vkSj varjjk"Vªh; 
tSo b±èku xBcaèku (Xykscy ck;ksÝ;wy ,yk;al) jpukRed 
lg;ksx dh Hkkouk dk ,d Toyar mnkgj.k gS tks Hkkjr dh 
th20 vè;{krk dh fo'ks"krk gSA
çèkku ea=kh osQ fe'ku ykbiQ & ;kuh i;kZoj.k osQ fy, 
thou 'kSyh osQ ç;kstu dks lHkh th20 ns'kksa dk vikj 
leFkZu feykA fcuk lksps&le>s miHkksx osQ ctk; lalkèkuksa 
osQ lksp&le>dj mi;ksx dks c<+kok nsus dh vko';drk dks 
vPNh rjg ls Lohdkj fd;k x;k tks fLFkj thou 'kSyh osQ 
fy, mPp&Lrjh; fl¼karksa dks viukus ls Li‘ çdV gksrk 
gSA fLFkjrk dh ewy voèkkj.kkvksa dks O;fDrxr fodYiksa vkSj 
O;ogkjksa esa 'kkfey djuk vkSj mUgsa ewY; Ük`a•yk esa laLFkkxr 
cukuk ,d ,slh voèkkj.kk Fkh ftls lkoZHkkSfed :i ls nh 
x;h vkSj loZlEefr ls Lohdkj fd;k x;kA
 i;kZoj.k osQ {kj.k ls fodkl dks i`Fkd djus vkSj 
LFkk;h •ir vkSj mRiknu dks c<+kus ftles çkFkfed lalkèku 
•ir 'kkfey gS th20 us lrr fodkl gkfly djus esa pØh; 
vFkZO;oLFkk] foLrkfjr mRiknd mÙkjnkf;Ro vkSj lalkèku 
n{krk dh vge Hkwfedk ij è;ku osQafær fd;kA bl fn'kk 
esa vkxs dne mBkrs gq, Hkkjrh; vè;{krk us lalkèku n{krk 
vkSj pØh; vFkZO;oLFkk m|ksx xBcaèku (vkjbZlhbZvkbZlh) 
ykWUp fd;k vkSj bl igy dks th20 usrkvksa us Hkh Lohdkj 
fd;kA pØh; vFkZO;oLFkk dk lcls egRoiw.kZ ykHk 
vif'k‘ mRiknu esa deh ykuk gSA mRiknksa vkSj lkefxz;ksa 
dk iqu% mi;ksx] uohuhdj.k vkSj iqupZØ.k djus ls de 
ek=kk esa vif'k‘ ySaMfiQy (Bksl vif'k‘ Hkjko{ks=k) ;k 
bfUlujsVjksa (HkLedksa) esa tkrk gS ftlls vif'k‘ fuiVku dk  
i;kZoj.kh; çHkko de gks tkrk gSA pØh; vFkZO;oLFkk 
dk;Zç.kkfy;ka mRiknksa vkSj lkefxz;ksa osQ thou pØ dks 
c<+kus ij osQafær gksrh gSa vkSj bl çdkj •futksa] èkkrqvksa 
vkSj thok'e b±èku tSls çkÑfrd lalkèkuksa dk laj{k.k djrh 
gSaA blls lalkèku fu"d"kZ.k dh vko';drk ?kV tkrh gS 
vkSj blls tqM+h i;kZoj.kh; {kfr dks ?kVkus esa enn feyrh 
gSA pØh; vFkZO;oLFkk ejEer] iqufoZfuekZ.k] iqupZØ.k vkSj 
vif'k‘ çcaèku lfgr fofHk {ks=kksa esa jkstxkj mRi dj ldrh 
gS vkSj bl çdkj vkfFkZd fodkl esa rsth yk ldrh gSA
gfjr fodkl le>kSrs us ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k dh cgkyh 
ij fo'ks"k tksj fn;k gSA 2030 rd {kj.k gq, ikfjfLFkfrdh 
ra=k osQ de ls de 30 izfr'kr dh iqucZgkyh vkSj Hkwfe 
fe'ku ykbiQ
feVk,a vius bZ&dpjs
NksVs dne] cM+k izHkko! le`¼ Hkfo";  
ds fy, orZeku dk laj{k.k
 ? midj.kksa ds R;kx ds ctk; mudh ejEerh vkSj 
iqu% mi;ksx
 ? fjpktsZcy fyfFk;e lsy dk iz;ksx
 ? isu Mªkbo@gkMZ Mªkbo ds LFkku ij DykmQM LVksjst 
dk mi;ksx
fe'ku ykbiQ ds rhu pj.k
ykbZiQLVkbZy iQkWj 
,uok;juesaV
çR;sd pj.k esa fLFkjrk osQ çfr gekjs n`f‘dks.k esa 
ekSfyd cnyko dh vko';drk gksrh gSA
igyk pj.k % ekax esa ifjorZu
nwljk pj.k % vkiwfrZ esa ifjorZu
rhljk pj.k % uhfr esa ifjorZu
nqfu;k Hkj esa O;fDr;ksa dks vius nSfud thou esa ljy 
ysfdu çHkkoh i;kZoj.k&vuqowQy dk;ks± dk vH;kl djus 
osQ fy, çsfjr djuk
cM+s iSekus ij O;fDrxr ekax esa cnyko ls m|ksxksa vkSj cktkjksa 
dks èkhjs&èkhjs çfrfØ;k nsus vkSj la'kksfèkr ekaxksa osQ vuqlkj 
vkiwfrZ vkSj •jhn djus osQ fy, çsfjr djus dh mEehn gSA
Hkkjr vkSj nqfu;k dh ekax vkSj vkiwfrZ dh xfr'khyrk dks çHkkfor djosQ] fe'ku 
ykbiQ dk nh?kZdkfyd n`f‘dks.k cM+s iSekus ij vkS|ksfxd vkSj ljdkjh uhfr;ksa esa 
cnyko ykuk gS tks fVdkÅ •ir vkSj mRiknu nksuksa dk leFkZu dj ldrs gSaA
23 ?????? 2023
{kj.k rVLFkrk çkIr djus osQ ç;klksa dks c<+kus dh çfrc¼rk 
th20 osQ i;kZoj.kh; {kj.k dh pqukSrh dks çkFkfedrk osQ 
vkèkkj ij fuiVus dh xaHkhjrk dks js•kafdr djrh gSA taxy 
dh vkx dh jksdFkke ,oa 'keu vkSj •uu xfrfofèk;ksa 
ls {kfrxzLr Hkwfe osQ lqèkkj osQ çfr çfrc¼rk ?kks"k.kk dk 
,d çeq• Hkkx FkkA lHkh lnL;ksa us LoSfPNd vkèkkj ij 
2040 rd Hkwfe {kj.k dks 50 izfr'kr rd de djus dh 
th20 dh vkdka{kk dk leFkZu fd;k vkSj bl lanHkZ esa 
xkaèkhuxj dk;kZUo;u jksMeSi vkSj xkaèkhuxj lwpuk eap dk 
laKku fy;kA nwljh çkFkfedrk leqæh ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k dh 
lqj{kk vkSj mPpLrjh; {kerk okys {ks=k osQ :i esa uhyh 
vFkZO;oLFkk dh ekU;rk FkhA th20 us fVdkÅ vkSj yphyh 
uhyh@egklkxj vkèkkfjr vFkZO;oLFkk osQ fy, mPp&Lrjh; 
fl¼karksa dks viuk;k vkSj LFkk;h rkSj&rjhdksa ls leqæ vkSj 
egklkxjksa dh {kerk dk nksgu djus osQ çfr n`<+ ladYi 
O;Dr fd;kA
LFkk;h Hkfo"; osQ fy, gfjr fodkl le>kSrk lrr 
fodkl osQ lkekftd] vkfFkZd vkSj i;kZoj.kh; igyqvksa dk 
lekèkku djus okyh dkjZokbZ dks Bksl :i çnku djus esa 
dke;kc jgk gSA le>kSrs us vkèkqfudre foKku osQ lkFk&lkFk 
LoSfPNd vkSj ikjLifjd :i ls lger 'krks± ij çkS|ksfxdh 
fodkl vkSj gLrkarj.k] {kerk fuekZ.k vkSj foÙkiks"k.k dks 
nh?kZdkfyd vkSj egRoiw.kZ çHkko osQ fy, vko';d ekukA
;g le>kSrk tyok;q ifjorZu vkSj laØe.k ekxks± ls 
mRi gksus okys O;kid vkfFkZd tksf•eksa ij th20 fjiksVZ osQ 
ykWUp osQ lkFk O;kid vkfFkZd tksf•eksa vkSj tyok;q foÙk 
osQ vk;keksa ij xgjkbZ ls çdk'k Mkyrk gSA jk‘ªh; Lrj ij 
fuèkkZfjr ;ksxnku (,uMhlh) dks çkIr djus vkSj vuqowQyu 
dkjZokbZ dks ykxw djus osQ fy, foÙk egRoiw.kZ gS] vkSj bl 
lacaèk esa th20 dh ekU;rk ,d egRoiw.kZ miyfCèk gSA lkFk 
gh ;g foÙk] futh foÙk vkSj tksf•e&lk>kdj.k lqfoèkkvksa 
ftles cgqi{kh; fodkl cSadksa (eYVhysVjy MsoyiesaV 
cSaDl& ,eMhch) dh foLr`r Hkwfedk Hkh 'kkfey gS dks 
,dtqV djosQ tyok;q foÙk tqVkus dh Hkwfedk dh LohÑfr 
Hkh gSA fodflr ns'kksa us fodkl'khy ns'kksa osQ fy, çfr o"kZ 
100 vjc MkWyj tqVkus dh iqf‘ dh gS vkSj vk'kk gS fd 
bl o"kZ igyh ckj bls iwjk fd;k tk,xk tks Hkfo"; osQ fy, 
,d vPNk laosQr gSA cgq&o"khZ; th20 rduhdh lgk;rk 
dk;Z ;kstuk (Vh,,ih) vkSj tyok;q fuos'k esa MkVk&lacaèkh 
ckèkkvksa dks nwj djus osQ fy, dh xbZ LoSfPNd fliQkfj'kksa 
dks th20 dk leFkZu feyk tks th20 dh vU; osQ leku 
,d egRoiw.kZ miyfCèk gSA
tyok;q dk vlj fo'ks"k :i ls ekSle dh Hkh"k.k 
?kVukvksa ls tehuh Lrj xaHkhj :i ls çHkkfor gksrk gSA xkaoksa 
vkSj dLcksa esa jgus okys leqnk; ,sls tyok;q tksf•eksa osQ 
çfr lcls vfèkd laosnu'khy gSaA le>kSrs dk mís'; vkink 
tksf•e U;wuhdj.k (Mhvkjvkj) dk;Z lewg osQ laLFkkxrdj.k 
osQ ekè;e ls vkinkvksa osQ f•ykiQ yphykiu cukus osQ 
ç;klksa dks lqO;ofLFkr djuk gSA le>kSrs esa jk‘ªh; vkSj 
LFkkuh; {kerkvksa dks etcwr djus] uohu foÙkiks"k.k lkèkuksa] 
futh {ks=k osQ fuos'k vkSj tkudkjh lk>k djus osQ ekè;e ls 
çkjafHkd psrkouh vkSj 'kh?kz dkjZokbZ dh çxfr esa rsth ykus 
dk Hkh vkàku fd;k x;kA ;g Hkh ekuk x;k fd vkt osQ 
'kgjksa dks Hkfo"; osQ fy, rS;kj djus osQ fy, yphyk 'kgjh 
cqfu;knh <kapk ,d egRoiw.kZ vko';drk gS vkSj bldh 
;kstuk cukus osQ fy, foÙk dh miyfCèk dks vkèkkj cukuk 
vko';d gksxkA
gfjr fodkl le>kSrs esa os lHkh eqís 'kkfey gSa tks 
leLr fo'o osQ fy, egRoiw.kZ gSaA Hkkjr us ,d ,slh 
j.kuhfr dh jpuk dk liQyrkiwoZd usr`Ro fd;k gS tks 
oSf'od nf{k.k osQ ljksdkjksa dks eq[;èkkjk esa 'kkfey djrh 
gSA gfjr fodkl le>kSrs osQ dk;kZUo;u ls ,lMhth y{;ksa 
dks çkIr djus dh fn'kk esa th20 lnL; ns'kksa osQ ç;kl 
vkSj etcwr gksaxsA lHkh ns'kksa osQ fy, eq[; {ks=kksa esa rkyesy 
cukus dh vko';drk ij tksj nsdj Hkkjr dh vè;{krk osQ 
varxZr th20 usrkvksa dh ?kks"k.kk us ,d etcwr fn'kk vkSj 
ekxZ fn•k;k gS vkSj lcls egRoiw.kZ fo"k; ;kuh fpjLFkk;h 
Hkfo"; osQ fy, ,d Li‘ jksMeSi dh is'kd'k dh gSA ?
fe'ku ykbiQ
i;kZoj.k dh j{kk 
vkSj laj{k.k osQ 
fy, O;fDrxr vkSj 
lkeqnkf;d dkjZokbZ 
dks c<+kok nsus osQ 
fy, Hkkjr osQ usr`Ro 
okyk oSf'od tu 
vkanksyuA
ykbiQLVkby iQkWj 
,uok;juesaV
vkanksyu O;fDr;ksa dks ^i`Foh 
leFkZd yksxksa* esa cnyuk pkgrk gS] 
tks fVdkÅ thou 'kSyh viuk,axsA
Hkkjr dk çfr O;fDr dkcZu iqQVfçaV 
oSf'od vkSlr ls de gSA ,slk blfy, 
gS D;ksafd gekjh thou'kSyh vHkh Hkh 
LFkk;h ikjaifjd çFkkvksa ij vkèkkfjr gSA 
njvly] fLFkjrk ges'kk ls gekjh ijaijk] 
laLÑfr vkSj ewY;ksa dk fgLlk jgh gSA
D;k vki tkurs gSa\
Page 4


21 ?????? 2023
LFkk;h Hkfo"; dk jksMeSi
gfjr fodkl le>kSrk
rr fodkl dk ewy fl¼kar fodkl iFk osQ 
vkfFkZd] i;kZoj.kh; vkSj lkekftd vk;keksa 
osQ chp ,slk larqyu LFkkfir djuk gS ftlls 
Hkkoh ihf<+;ksa osQ fgrksa dh j{kk djrs gq, orZeku vkSj u;h 
vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ dh tk losQA
tyok;q ifjorZu osQ fofHk çHkkoksa us ns'kksa dks viuh 
uhfr;ksa vkSj dk;ks± ij fiQj ls fopkj djus vkSj ;g lqfuf'pr 
djus dh vko';drk dks js•kafdr fd;k gS fd gj {ks=k 
esa fLFkjrk dks eq[;èkkjk esa yk;k tk,A Hkkjr }kjk viuk;k 
fodkl iFk tks vFkZO;oLFkk vkSj ikfjfLFkfrdh nksuksa dks 
è;ku esa j•rk gS fo'o osQ fy, ,d felky gSA xr o"kZ 
fnlacj esa Hkkjr dks th20 dh vè;{krk feyus osQ lkFk 
tyok;q vkSj i;kZoj.kh; fLFkjrk dks eq[; fo"k;ksa osQ :i esa 
fpfUgr fd;k x;kA th20 us fo'ks"k :i ls fodkl'khy ns'kksa 
esa vkthfodk dh lqj{kk vkSj fodkl dh miyfCèk;ksa dh 
j{kk osQ fy, varj&{ks=kh; (ØkWl&lsDVksjy) vuqowQyu c<+kus 
vkSj yphykiu ykus dh vR;ko';drk ij Hkh tksj fn;kA
th20 ns'k lkewfgd :i ls nqfu;k dh nks&frgkbZ 
tula[;k dk çfrfufèkRo djrs gSa] oSf'od ldy ?kjsyw 
mRikn (thMhih) esa 85 izfr'kr dk ;ksxnku djrs gSa vkSj 
LFkk;h Hkfo"; osQ fy, gfjr fodkl le>kSrk lrr fodkl osQ lkekftd] vkfFkZd vkSj 
i;kZoj.kh; igyqvksa dk lekèkku djus okyh dkjZokbZ dks Bksl :i çnku djus esa dke;kc 
jgk gSA blesa os lHkh eqís 'kkfey gSa tks leLr fo'o osQ fy, egRoiw.kZ gSaA Hkkjr us ,d 
,slh j.kuhfr dh jpuk dk liQyrkiwoZd usr`Ro fd;k gS tks oSf'od nf{k.k osQ ljksdkjksa 
dks eq[;èkkjk esa 'kkfey djrh gSA
l
yhuk uanu
lfpo] i;kZoj.k] ou vkSj tyok;q ifjorZu ea=kky;] Hkkjr ljdkjA bZesy% secy-moef@nic.in
22 ?????? 2023
varjjk"Vªh; O;kikj esa budh Hkkxhnkjh 75 izfr'kr gSA le; 
osQ lkFk i;kZoj.k osQ eqís oSf'od fpark osQ lokZsifj fo"k; cu 
x, gSa ftUgksaus jkԻksa dks gfjr vkSj yphys fodkl ij viuk 
è;ku osQafær djus osQ fy, rRij fd;k gSA bl voèkkj.kk osQ 
vkèkkj ij th20 usrkvksa us ubZ fnYyh esa usrkvksa dh ?kks"k.kk 
osQ ekè;e ls gfjr fodkl le>kSrs dks viuk;k ftlus ouksa 
vkSj ikfjfLFkfrd ra=kksa dh lqj{kk vkSj laj{k.k] oSf'od Hkwfe 
cgkyh y{;ksa ij le>kSrs vkSj leqæh IykfLVd dpjs osQ 
f•ykiQ dkjZokbZ tSls egRoiw.kZ ekeyksa dk lekèkku •kstus 
osQ çfr viuh lkewfgd çfrc¼rk dks mtkxj fd;k vkSj 
lkFk gh i;kZoj.kh; lacaèkh dkjZokbZ esa lg;ksx dh 'kfDr dks 
igpkukA lk>snkjh lrr fodkl dh oqQath gS vkSj varjjk"Vªh; 
tSo b±èku xBcaèku (Xykscy ck;ksÝ;wy ,yk;al) jpukRed 
lg;ksx dh Hkkouk dk ,d Toyar mnkgj.k gS tks Hkkjr dh 
th20 vè;{krk dh fo'ks"krk gSA
çèkku ea=kh osQ fe'ku ykbiQ & ;kuh i;kZoj.k osQ fy, 
thou 'kSyh osQ ç;kstu dks lHkh th20 ns'kksa dk vikj 
leFkZu feykA fcuk lksps&le>s miHkksx osQ ctk; lalkèkuksa 
osQ lksp&le>dj mi;ksx dks c<+kok nsus dh vko';drk dks 
vPNh rjg ls Lohdkj fd;k x;k tks fLFkj thou 'kSyh osQ 
fy, mPp&Lrjh; fl¼karksa dks viukus ls Li‘ çdV gksrk 
gSA fLFkjrk dh ewy voèkkj.kkvksa dks O;fDrxr fodYiksa vkSj 
O;ogkjksa esa 'kkfey djuk vkSj mUgsa ewY; Ük`a•yk esa laLFkkxr 
cukuk ,d ,slh voèkkj.kk Fkh ftls lkoZHkkSfed :i ls nh 
x;h vkSj loZlEefr ls Lohdkj fd;k x;kA
 i;kZoj.k osQ {kj.k ls fodkl dks i`Fkd djus vkSj 
LFkk;h •ir vkSj mRiknu dks c<+kus ftles çkFkfed lalkèku 
•ir 'kkfey gS th20 us lrr fodkl gkfly djus esa pØh; 
vFkZO;oLFkk] foLrkfjr mRiknd mÙkjnkf;Ro vkSj lalkèku 
n{krk dh vge Hkwfedk ij è;ku osQafær fd;kA bl fn'kk 
esa vkxs dne mBkrs gq, Hkkjrh; vè;{krk us lalkèku n{krk 
vkSj pØh; vFkZO;oLFkk m|ksx xBcaèku (vkjbZlhbZvkbZlh) 
ykWUp fd;k vkSj bl igy dks th20 usrkvksa us Hkh Lohdkj 
fd;kA pØh; vFkZO;oLFkk dk lcls egRoiw.kZ ykHk 
vif'k‘ mRiknu esa deh ykuk gSA mRiknksa vkSj lkefxz;ksa 
dk iqu% mi;ksx] uohuhdj.k vkSj iqupZØ.k djus ls de 
ek=kk esa vif'k‘ ySaMfiQy (Bksl vif'k‘ Hkjko{ks=k) ;k 
bfUlujsVjksa (HkLedksa) esa tkrk gS ftlls vif'k‘ fuiVku dk  
i;kZoj.kh; çHkko de gks tkrk gSA pØh; vFkZO;oLFkk 
dk;Zç.kkfy;ka mRiknksa vkSj lkefxz;ksa osQ thou pØ dks 
c<+kus ij osQafær gksrh gSa vkSj bl çdkj •futksa] èkkrqvksa 
vkSj thok'e b±èku tSls çkÑfrd lalkèkuksa dk laj{k.k djrh 
gSaA blls lalkèku fu"d"kZ.k dh vko';drk ?kV tkrh gS 
vkSj blls tqM+h i;kZoj.kh; {kfr dks ?kVkus esa enn feyrh 
gSA pØh; vFkZO;oLFkk ejEer] iqufoZfuekZ.k] iqupZØ.k vkSj 
vif'k‘ çcaèku lfgr fofHk {ks=kksa esa jkstxkj mRi dj ldrh 
gS vkSj bl çdkj vkfFkZd fodkl esa rsth yk ldrh gSA
gfjr fodkl le>kSrs us ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k dh cgkyh 
ij fo'ks"k tksj fn;k gSA 2030 rd {kj.k gq, ikfjfLFkfrdh 
ra=k osQ de ls de 30 izfr'kr dh iqucZgkyh vkSj Hkwfe 
fe'ku ykbiQ
feVk,a vius bZ&dpjs
NksVs dne] cM+k izHkko! le`¼ Hkfo";  
ds fy, orZeku dk laj{k.k
 ? midj.kksa ds R;kx ds ctk; mudh ejEerh vkSj 
iqu% mi;ksx
 ? fjpktsZcy fyfFk;e lsy dk iz;ksx
 ? isu Mªkbo@gkMZ Mªkbo ds LFkku ij DykmQM LVksjst 
dk mi;ksx
fe'ku ykbiQ ds rhu pj.k
ykbZiQLVkbZy iQkWj 
,uok;juesaV
çR;sd pj.k esa fLFkjrk osQ çfr gekjs n`f‘dks.k esa 
ekSfyd cnyko dh vko';drk gksrh gSA
igyk pj.k % ekax esa ifjorZu
nwljk pj.k % vkiwfrZ esa ifjorZu
rhljk pj.k % uhfr esa ifjorZu
nqfu;k Hkj esa O;fDr;ksa dks vius nSfud thou esa ljy 
ysfdu çHkkoh i;kZoj.k&vuqowQy dk;ks± dk vH;kl djus 
osQ fy, çsfjr djuk
cM+s iSekus ij O;fDrxr ekax esa cnyko ls m|ksxksa vkSj cktkjksa 
dks èkhjs&èkhjs çfrfØ;k nsus vkSj la'kksfèkr ekaxksa osQ vuqlkj 
vkiwfrZ vkSj •jhn djus osQ fy, çsfjr djus dh mEehn gSA
Hkkjr vkSj nqfu;k dh ekax vkSj vkiwfrZ dh xfr'khyrk dks çHkkfor djosQ] fe'ku 
ykbiQ dk nh?kZdkfyd n`f‘dks.k cM+s iSekus ij vkS|ksfxd vkSj ljdkjh uhfr;ksa esa 
cnyko ykuk gS tks fVdkÅ •ir vkSj mRiknu nksuksa dk leFkZu dj ldrs gSaA
23 ?????? 2023
{kj.k rVLFkrk çkIr djus osQ ç;klksa dks c<+kus dh çfrc¼rk 
th20 osQ i;kZoj.kh; {kj.k dh pqukSrh dks çkFkfedrk osQ 
vkèkkj ij fuiVus dh xaHkhjrk dks js•kafdr djrh gSA taxy 
dh vkx dh jksdFkke ,oa 'keu vkSj •uu xfrfofèk;ksa 
ls {kfrxzLr Hkwfe osQ lqèkkj osQ çfr çfrc¼rk ?kks"k.kk dk 
,d çeq• Hkkx FkkA lHkh lnL;ksa us LoSfPNd vkèkkj ij 
2040 rd Hkwfe {kj.k dks 50 izfr'kr rd de djus dh 
th20 dh vkdka{kk dk leFkZu fd;k vkSj bl lanHkZ esa 
xkaèkhuxj dk;kZUo;u jksMeSi vkSj xkaèkhuxj lwpuk eap dk 
laKku fy;kA nwljh çkFkfedrk leqæh ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k dh 
lqj{kk vkSj mPpLrjh; {kerk okys {ks=k osQ :i esa uhyh 
vFkZO;oLFkk dh ekU;rk FkhA th20 us fVdkÅ vkSj yphyh 
uhyh@egklkxj vkèkkfjr vFkZO;oLFkk osQ fy, mPp&Lrjh; 
fl¼karksa dks viuk;k vkSj LFkk;h rkSj&rjhdksa ls leqæ vkSj 
egklkxjksa dh {kerk dk nksgu djus osQ çfr n`<+ ladYi 
O;Dr fd;kA
LFkk;h Hkfo"; osQ fy, gfjr fodkl le>kSrk lrr 
fodkl osQ lkekftd] vkfFkZd vkSj i;kZoj.kh; igyqvksa dk 
lekèkku djus okyh dkjZokbZ dks Bksl :i çnku djus esa 
dke;kc jgk gSA le>kSrs us vkèkqfudre foKku osQ lkFk&lkFk 
LoSfPNd vkSj ikjLifjd :i ls lger 'krks± ij çkS|ksfxdh 
fodkl vkSj gLrkarj.k] {kerk fuekZ.k vkSj foÙkiks"k.k dks 
nh?kZdkfyd vkSj egRoiw.kZ çHkko osQ fy, vko';d ekukA
;g le>kSrk tyok;q ifjorZu vkSj laØe.k ekxks± ls 
mRi gksus okys O;kid vkfFkZd tksf•eksa ij th20 fjiksVZ osQ 
ykWUp osQ lkFk O;kid vkfFkZd tksf•eksa vkSj tyok;q foÙk 
osQ vk;keksa ij xgjkbZ ls çdk'k Mkyrk gSA jk‘ªh; Lrj ij 
fuèkkZfjr ;ksxnku (,uMhlh) dks çkIr djus vkSj vuqowQyu 
dkjZokbZ dks ykxw djus osQ fy, foÙk egRoiw.kZ gS] vkSj bl 
lacaèk esa th20 dh ekU;rk ,d egRoiw.kZ miyfCèk gSA lkFk 
gh ;g foÙk] futh foÙk vkSj tksf•e&lk>kdj.k lqfoèkkvksa 
ftles cgqi{kh; fodkl cSadksa (eYVhysVjy MsoyiesaV 
cSaDl& ,eMhch) dh foLr`r Hkwfedk Hkh 'kkfey gS dks 
,dtqV djosQ tyok;q foÙk tqVkus dh Hkwfedk dh LohÑfr 
Hkh gSA fodflr ns'kksa us fodkl'khy ns'kksa osQ fy, çfr o"kZ 
100 vjc MkWyj tqVkus dh iqf‘ dh gS vkSj vk'kk gS fd 
bl o"kZ igyh ckj bls iwjk fd;k tk,xk tks Hkfo"; osQ fy, 
,d vPNk laosQr gSA cgq&o"khZ; th20 rduhdh lgk;rk 
dk;Z ;kstuk (Vh,,ih) vkSj tyok;q fuos'k esa MkVk&lacaèkh 
ckèkkvksa dks nwj djus osQ fy, dh xbZ LoSfPNd fliQkfj'kksa 
dks th20 dk leFkZu feyk tks th20 dh vU; osQ leku 
,d egRoiw.kZ miyfCèk gSA
tyok;q dk vlj fo'ks"k :i ls ekSle dh Hkh"k.k 
?kVukvksa ls tehuh Lrj xaHkhj :i ls çHkkfor gksrk gSA xkaoksa 
vkSj dLcksa esa jgus okys leqnk; ,sls tyok;q tksf•eksa osQ 
çfr lcls vfèkd laosnu'khy gSaA le>kSrs dk mís'; vkink 
tksf•e U;wuhdj.k (Mhvkjvkj) dk;Z lewg osQ laLFkkxrdj.k 
osQ ekè;e ls vkinkvksa osQ f•ykiQ yphykiu cukus osQ 
ç;klksa dks lqO;ofLFkr djuk gSA le>kSrs esa jk‘ªh; vkSj 
LFkkuh; {kerkvksa dks etcwr djus] uohu foÙkiks"k.k lkèkuksa] 
futh {ks=k osQ fuos'k vkSj tkudkjh lk>k djus osQ ekè;e ls 
çkjafHkd psrkouh vkSj 'kh?kz dkjZokbZ dh çxfr esa rsth ykus 
dk Hkh vkàku fd;k x;kA ;g Hkh ekuk x;k fd vkt osQ 
'kgjksa dks Hkfo"; osQ fy, rS;kj djus osQ fy, yphyk 'kgjh 
cqfu;knh <kapk ,d egRoiw.kZ vko';drk gS vkSj bldh 
;kstuk cukus osQ fy, foÙk dh miyfCèk dks vkèkkj cukuk 
vko';d gksxkA
gfjr fodkl le>kSrs esa os lHkh eqís 'kkfey gSa tks 
leLr fo'o osQ fy, egRoiw.kZ gSaA Hkkjr us ,d ,slh 
j.kuhfr dh jpuk dk liQyrkiwoZd usr`Ro fd;k gS tks 
oSf'od nf{k.k osQ ljksdkjksa dks eq[;èkkjk esa 'kkfey djrh 
gSA gfjr fodkl le>kSrs osQ dk;kZUo;u ls ,lMhth y{;ksa 
dks çkIr djus dh fn'kk esa th20 lnL; ns'kksa osQ ç;kl 
vkSj etcwr gksaxsA lHkh ns'kksa osQ fy, eq[; {ks=kksa esa rkyesy 
cukus dh vko';drk ij tksj nsdj Hkkjr dh vè;{krk osQ 
varxZr th20 usrkvksa dh ?kks"k.kk us ,d etcwr fn'kk vkSj 
ekxZ fn•k;k gS vkSj lcls egRoiw.kZ fo"k; ;kuh fpjLFkk;h 
Hkfo"; osQ fy, ,d Li‘ jksMeSi dh is'kd'k dh gSA ?
fe'ku ykbiQ
i;kZoj.k dh j{kk 
vkSj laj{k.k osQ 
fy, O;fDrxr vkSj 
lkeqnkf;d dkjZokbZ 
dks c<+kok nsus osQ 
fy, Hkkjr osQ usr`Ro 
okyk oSf'od tu 
vkanksyuA
ykbiQLVkby iQkWj 
,uok;juesaV
vkanksyu O;fDr;ksa dks ^i`Foh 
leFkZd yksxksa* esa cnyuk pkgrk gS] 
tks fVdkÅ thou 'kSyh viuk,axsA
Hkkjr dk çfr O;fDr dkcZu iqQVfçaV 
oSf'od vkSlr ls de gSA ,slk blfy, 
gS D;ksafd gekjh thou'kSyh vHkh Hkh 
LFkk;h ikjaifjd çFkkvksa ij vkèkkfjr gSA 
njvly] fLFkjrk ges'kk ls gekjh ijaijk] 
laLÑfr vkSj ewY;ksa dk fgLlk jgh gSA
D;k vki tkurs gSa\
24 ?????? 2023
'o dh tula[;k 2050 rd yxHkx 10 vjc 
gks ldrh gSA bldk vFkZ gksxk •k|kÂ] iSQ'ku] 
;k=kk] vkokl vkSj vU; lacafèkr mRiknksa vkSj 
lsokvksa dh vfèkd ekaxA tula[;k dh t:jrksa dks iwjk djus 
osQ fy, inkFkks± dk okf"kZd oSf'od fu"d"kZ.k igys gh 22 
vjc Vu (1970) ls c<+dj 70 vjc Vu (2010) gks x;k 
gS vkSj 2060 rd blosQ yxHkx nksxquk gksus dh laHkkouk 
gSA bl o"kZ vkB eghus ls Hkh de le; esa gh ekuotkfr 
dh i;kZoj.kh; lalkèku vkSj lsokvksa dh ekax 2023 esa i`Foh  
}kjk iquthZfor dh tk ldus okyh {kerk ls vfèkd gks x;h gS 
vkSj gekjh •ir dh nj yxkrkj c<+ jgh gSA blls i`Foh osQ 
lhfer çkÑfrd lalkèkuksa ij ncko c<+ jgk gS ftlls lalkèku 
vlqj{kk mRi gks jgh gS vkSj tSo fofoèkrk dh {kfr] çnw"k.k] 
mRltZu esa c<+ksrjh vkSj tyok;q ifjorZu gks jgk gSA
ftEesnkj miHkksx vkSj mRiknu ij lrr fodkl y{; 
(,lMhth 12) osQ vuq:i vfèkd fVdkÅ thou 'kSyh vkSj 
,d mfpr ifjorZu dks viukuk tyok;q vkSj çÑfr dks 
csgrj cukus dh gekjh vkdka{kk dh iwfrZ osQ fy, egRoiw.kZ 
gksxkA gkykafd bl ifjorZu osQ fy, ;qfDriw.kZ uhfr;ksa] 
mRiknksa] de&dkcZu iqQVfçaV fodYiksa] cqfu;knh <kaps] lsokvksa] 
Hkkjr dh vè;{krk esa th20 }kjk viuk, x, lrr fodkl osQ fy, thou 'kSyh ij 
mPp&Lrjh; fl¼kar LFkk;h miHkksx vkSj mRiknu dks c<+kok nsus dh çfrc¼rkvksa dh 
vko';drk dks n'kkZrs gSaA ;g le; lHkh dh vkèkkjHkwr t:jrksa dks iwjk djrs gq, 
oSf'od HkkSfrd infpÉ dks ?kVkus osQ fy, lkewfgd dkjZokbZ dk gSA ,slk djus esa fofHk 
fodklkRed vko';drkvksa vkSj jk‘ªh; ifjfLFkfr;ksa dh iwrhZ djrs gq, pØh; vkSj gfjr 
vkfFkZd fodkl dks viukus osQ fy, l{ke fLFkfr;ksa dk l`tu vfuok;Z gSA
fo
pØh; vFkZO;oLFkk okys fo'o dh jpuk
euh"kk pkSèkjh
vrqy cxbZ 
dk;ZØe vfèkdkjh] ;w,ubZih (Hkkjr)A bZesy% manisha.choudhary@un.org
Hkkjr dk;kZy; osQ ns'k çeq•] la;qDr jk‘ª i;kZoj.k dk;ZØeA bZesy% bagai@un.org.
Page 5


21 ?????? 2023
LFkk;h Hkfo"; dk jksMeSi
gfjr fodkl le>kSrk
rr fodkl dk ewy fl¼kar fodkl iFk osQ 
vkfFkZd] i;kZoj.kh; vkSj lkekftd vk;keksa 
osQ chp ,slk larqyu LFkkfir djuk gS ftlls 
Hkkoh ihf<+;ksa osQ fgrksa dh j{kk djrs gq, orZeku vkSj u;h 
vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ dh tk losQA
tyok;q ifjorZu osQ fofHk çHkkoksa us ns'kksa dks viuh 
uhfr;ksa vkSj dk;ks± ij fiQj ls fopkj djus vkSj ;g lqfuf'pr 
djus dh vko';drk dks js•kafdr fd;k gS fd gj {ks=k 
esa fLFkjrk dks eq[;èkkjk esa yk;k tk,A Hkkjr }kjk viuk;k 
fodkl iFk tks vFkZO;oLFkk vkSj ikfjfLFkfrdh nksuksa dks 
è;ku esa j•rk gS fo'o osQ fy, ,d felky gSA xr o"kZ 
fnlacj esa Hkkjr dks th20 dh vè;{krk feyus osQ lkFk 
tyok;q vkSj i;kZoj.kh; fLFkjrk dks eq[; fo"k;ksa osQ :i esa 
fpfUgr fd;k x;kA th20 us fo'ks"k :i ls fodkl'khy ns'kksa 
esa vkthfodk dh lqj{kk vkSj fodkl dh miyfCèk;ksa dh 
j{kk osQ fy, varj&{ks=kh; (ØkWl&lsDVksjy) vuqowQyu c<+kus 
vkSj yphykiu ykus dh vR;ko';drk ij Hkh tksj fn;kA
th20 ns'k lkewfgd :i ls nqfu;k dh nks&frgkbZ 
tula[;k dk çfrfufèkRo djrs gSa] oSf'od ldy ?kjsyw 
mRikn (thMhih) esa 85 izfr'kr dk ;ksxnku djrs gSa vkSj 
LFkk;h Hkfo"; osQ fy, gfjr fodkl le>kSrk lrr fodkl osQ lkekftd] vkfFkZd vkSj 
i;kZoj.kh; igyqvksa dk lekèkku djus okyh dkjZokbZ dks Bksl :i çnku djus esa dke;kc 
jgk gSA blesa os lHkh eqís 'kkfey gSa tks leLr fo'o osQ fy, egRoiw.kZ gSaA Hkkjr us ,d 
,slh j.kuhfr dh jpuk dk liQyrkiwoZd usr`Ro fd;k gS tks oSf'od nf{k.k osQ ljksdkjksa 
dks eq[;èkkjk esa 'kkfey djrh gSA
l
yhuk uanu
lfpo] i;kZoj.k] ou vkSj tyok;q ifjorZu ea=kky;] Hkkjr ljdkjA bZesy% secy-moef@nic.in
22 ?????? 2023
varjjk"Vªh; O;kikj esa budh Hkkxhnkjh 75 izfr'kr gSA le; 
osQ lkFk i;kZoj.k osQ eqís oSf'od fpark osQ lokZsifj fo"k; cu 
x, gSa ftUgksaus jkԻksa dks gfjr vkSj yphys fodkl ij viuk 
è;ku osQafær djus osQ fy, rRij fd;k gSA bl voèkkj.kk osQ 
vkèkkj ij th20 usrkvksa us ubZ fnYyh esa usrkvksa dh ?kks"k.kk 
osQ ekè;e ls gfjr fodkl le>kSrs dks viuk;k ftlus ouksa 
vkSj ikfjfLFkfrd ra=kksa dh lqj{kk vkSj laj{k.k] oSf'od Hkwfe 
cgkyh y{;ksa ij le>kSrs vkSj leqæh IykfLVd dpjs osQ 
f•ykiQ dkjZokbZ tSls egRoiw.kZ ekeyksa dk lekèkku •kstus 
osQ çfr viuh lkewfgd çfrc¼rk dks mtkxj fd;k vkSj 
lkFk gh i;kZoj.kh; lacaèkh dkjZokbZ esa lg;ksx dh 'kfDr dks 
igpkukA lk>snkjh lrr fodkl dh oqQath gS vkSj varjjk"Vªh; 
tSo b±èku xBcaèku (Xykscy ck;ksÝ;wy ,yk;al) jpukRed 
lg;ksx dh Hkkouk dk ,d Toyar mnkgj.k gS tks Hkkjr dh 
th20 vè;{krk dh fo'ks"krk gSA
çèkku ea=kh osQ fe'ku ykbiQ & ;kuh i;kZoj.k osQ fy, 
thou 'kSyh osQ ç;kstu dks lHkh th20 ns'kksa dk vikj 
leFkZu feykA fcuk lksps&le>s miHkksx osQ ctk; lalkèkuksa 
osQ lksp&le>dj mi;ksx dks c<+kok nsus dh vko';drk dks 
vPNh rjg ls Lohdkj fd;k x;k tks fLFkj thou 'kSyh osQ 
fy, mPp&Lrjh; fl¼karksa dks viukus ls Li‘ çdV gksrk 
gSA fLFkjrk dh ewy voèkkj.kkvksa dks O;fDrxr fodYiksa vkSj 
O;ogkjksa esa 'kkfey djuk vkSj mUgsa ewY; Ük`a•yk esa laLFkkxr 
cukuk ,d ,slh voèkkj.kk Fkh ftls lkoZHkkSfed :i ls nh 
x;h vkSj loZlEefr ls Lohdkj fd;k x;kA
 i;kZoj.k osQ {kj.k ls fodkl dks i`Fkd djus vkSj 
LFkk;h •ir vkSj mRiknu dks c<+kus ftles çkFkfed lalkèku 
•ir 'kkfey gS th20 us lrr fodkl gkfly djus esa pØh; 
vFkZO;oLFkk] foLrkfjr mRiknd mÙkjnkf;Ro vkSj lalkèku 
n{krk dh vge Hkwfedk ij è;ku osQafær fd;kA bl fn'kk 
esa vkxs dne mBkrs gq, Hkkjrh; vè;{krk us lalkèku n{krk 
vkSj pØh; vFkZO;oLFkk m|ksx xBcaèku (vkjbZlhbZvkbZlh) 
ykWUp fd;k vkSj bl igy dks th20 usrkvksa us Hkh Lohdkj 
fd;kA pØh; vFkZO;oLFkk dk lcls egRoiw.kZ ykHk 
vif'k‘ mRiknu esa deh ykuk gSA mRiknksa vkSj lkefxz;ksa 
dk iqu% mi;ksx] uohuhdj.k vkSj iqupZØ.k djus ls de 
ek=kk esa vif'k‘ ySaMfiQy (Bksl vif'k‘ Hkjko{ks=k) ;k 
bfUlujsVjksa (HkLedksa) esa tkrk gS ftlls vif'k‘ fuiVku dk  
i;kZoj.kh; çHkko de gks tkrk gSA pØh; vFkZO;oLFkk 
dk;Zç.kkfy;ka mRiknksa vkSj lkefxz;ksa osQ thou pØ dks 
c<+kus ij osQafær gksrh gSa vkSj bl çdkj •futksa] èkkrqvksa 
vkSj thok'e b±èku tSls çkÑfrd lalkèkuksa dk laj{k.k djrh 
gSaA blls lalkèku fu"d"kZ.k dh vko';drk ?kV tkrh gS 
vkSj blls tqM+h i;kZoj.kh; {kfr dks ?kVkus esa enn feyrh 
gSA pØh; vFkZO;oLFkk ejEer] iqufoZfuekZ.k] iqupZØ.k vkSj 
vif'k‘ çcaèku lfgr fofHk {ks=kksa esa jkstxkj mRi dj ldrh 
gS vkSj bl çdkj vkfFkZd fodkl esa rsth yk ldrh gSA
gfjr fodkl le>kSrs us ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k dh cgkyh 
ij fo'ks"k tksj fn;k gSA 2030 rd {kj.k gq, ikfjfLFkfrdh 
ra=k osQ de ls de 30 izfr'kr dh iqucZgkyh vkSj Hkwfe 
fe'ku ykbiQ
feVk,a vius bZ&dpjs
NksVs dne] cM+k izHkko! le`¼ Hkfo";  
ds fy, orZeku dk laj{k.k
 ? midj.kksa ds R;kx ds ctk; mudh ejEerh vkSj 
iqu% mi;ksx
 ? fjpktsZcy fyfFk;e lsy dk iz;ksx
 ? isu Mªkbo@gkMZ Mªkbo ds LFkku ij DykmQM LVksjst 
dk mi;ksx
fe'ku ykbiQ ds rhu pj.k
ykbZiQLVkbZy iQkWj 
,uok;juesaV
çR;sd pj.k esa fLFkjrk osQ çfr gekjs n`f‘dks.k esa 
ekSfyd cnyko dh vko';drk gksrh gSA
igyk pj.k % ekax esa ifjorZu
nwljk pj.k % vkiwfrZ esa ifjorZu
rhljk pj.k % uhfr esa ifjorZu
nqfu;k Hkj esa O;fDr;ksa dks vius nSfud thou esa ljy 
ysfdu çHkkoh i;kZoj.k&vuqowQy dk;ks± dk vH;kl djus 
osQ fy, çsfjr djuk
cM+s iSekus ij O;fDrxr ekax esa cnyko ls m|ksxksa vkSj cktkjksa 
dks èkhjs&èkhjs çfrfØ;k nsus vkSj la'kksfèkr ekaxksa osQ vuqlkj 
vkiwfrZ vkSj •jhn djus osQ fy, çsfjr djus dh mEehn gSA
Hkkjr vkSj nqfu;k dh ekax vkSj vkiwfrZ dh xfr'khyrk dks çHkkfor djosQ] fe'ku 
ykbiQ dk nh?kZdkfyd n`f‘dks.k cM+s iSekus ij vkS|ksfxd vkSj ljdkjh uhfr;ksa esa 
cnyko ykuk gS tks fVdkÅ •ir vkSj mRiknu nksuksa dk leFkZu dj ldrs gSaA
23 ?????? 2023
{kj.k rVLFkrk çkIr djus osQ ç;klksa dks c<+kus dh çfrc¼rk 
th20 osQ i;kZoj.kh; {kj.k dh pqukSrh dks çkFkfedrk osQ 
vkèkkj ij fuiVus dh xaHkhjrk dks js•kafdr djrh gSA taxy 
dh vkx dh jksdFkke ,oa 'keu vkSj •uu xfrfofèk;ksa 
ls {kfrxzLr Hkwfe osQ lqèkkj osQ çfr çfrc¼rk ?kks"k.kk dk 
,d çeq• Hkkx FkkA lHkh lnL;ksa us LoSfPNd vkèkkj ij 
2040 rd Hkwfe {kj.k dks 50 izfr'kr rd de djus dh 
th20 dh vkdka{kk dk leFkZu fd;k vkSj bl lanHkZ esa 
xkaèkhuxj dk;kZUo;u jksMeSi vkSj xkaèkhuxj lwpuk eap dk 
laKku fy;kA nwljh çkFkfedrk leqæh ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k dh 
lqj{kk vkSj mPpLrjh; {kerk okys {ks=k osQ :i esa uhyh 
vFkZO;oLFkk dh ekU;rk FkhA th20 us fVdkÅ vkSj yphyh 
uhyh@egklkxj vkèkkfjr vFkZO;oLFkk osQ fy, mPp&Lrjh; 
fl¼karksa dks viuk;k vkSj LFkk;h rkSj&rjhdksa ls leqæ vkSj 
egklkxjksa dh {kerk dk nksgu djus osQ çfr n`<+ ladYi 
O;Dr fd;kA
LFkk;h Hkfo"; osQ fy, gfjr fodkl le>kSrk lrr 
fodkl osQ lkekftd] vkfFkZd vkSj i;kZoj.kh; igyqvksa dk 
lekèkku djus okyh dkjZokbZ dks Bksl :i çnku djus esa 
dke;kc jgk gSA le>kSrs us vkèkqfudre foKku osQ lkFk&lkFk 
LoSfPNd vkSj ikjLifjd :i ls lger 'krks± ij çkS|ksfxdh 
fodkl vkSj gLrkarj.k] {kerk fuekZ.k vkSj foÙkiks"k.k dks 
nh?kZdkfyd vkSj egRoiw.kZ çHkko osQ fy, vko';d ekukA
;g le>kSrk tyok;q ifjorZu vkSj laØe.k ekxks± ls 
mRi gksus okys O;kid vkfFkZd tksf•eksa ij th20 fjiksVZ osQ 
ykWUp osQ lkFk O;kid vkfFkZd tksf•eksa vkSj tyok;q foÙk 
osQ vk;keksa ij xgjkbZ ls çdk'k Mkyrk gSA jk‘ªh; Lrj ij 
fuèkkZfjr ;ksxnku (,uMhlh) dks çkIr djus vkSj vuqowQyu 
dkjZokbZ dks ykxw djus osQ fy, foÙk egRoiw.kZ gS] vkSj bl 
lacaèk esa th20 dh ekU;rk ,d egRoiw.kZ miyfCèk gSA lkFk 
gh ;g foÙk] futh foÙk vkSj tksf•e&lk>kdj.k lqfoèkkvksa 
ftles cgqi{kh; fodkl cSadksa (eYVhysVjy MsoyiesaV 
cSaDl& ,eMhch) dh foLr`r Hkwfedk Hkh 'kkfey gS dks 
,dtqV djosQ tyok;q foÙk tqVkus dh Hkwfedk dh LohÑfr 
Hkh gSA fodflr ns'kksa us fodkl'khy ns'kksa osQ fy, çfr o"kZ 
100 vjc MkWyj tqVkus dh iqf‘ dh gS vkSj vk'kk gS fd 
bl o"kZ igyh ckj bls iwjk fd;k tk,xk tks Hkfo"; osQ fy, 
,d vPNk laosQr gSA cgq&o"khZ; th20 rduhdh lgk;rk 
dk;Z ;kstuk (Vh,,ih) vkSj tyok;q fuos'k esa MkVk&lacaèkh 
ckèkkvksa dks nwj djus osQ fy, dh xbZ LoSfPNd fliQkfj'kksa 
dks th20 dk leFkZu feyk tks th20 dh vU; osQ leku 
,d egRoiw.kZ miyfCèk gSA
tyok;q dk vlj fo'ks"k :i ls ekSle dh Hkh"k.k 
?kVukvksa ls tehuh Lrj xaHkhj :i ls çHkkfor gksrk gSA xkaoksa 
vkSj dLcksa esa jgus okys leqnk; ,sls tyok;q tksf•eksa osQ 
çfr lcls vfèkd laosnu'khy gSaA le>kSrs dk mís'; vkink 
tksf•e U;wuhdj.k (Mhvkjvkj) dk;Z lewg osQ laLFkkxrdj.k 
osQ ekè;e ls vkinkvksa osQ f•ykiQ yphykiu cukus osQ 
ç;klksa dks lqO;ofLFkr djuk gSA le>kSrs esa jk‘ªh; vkSj 
LFkkuh; {kerkvksa dks etcwr djus] uohu foÙkiks"k.k lkèkuksa] 
futh {ks=k osQ fuos'k vkSj tkudkjh lk>k djus osQ ekè;e ls 
çkjafHkd psrkouh vkSj 'kh?kz dkjZokbZ dh çxfr esa rsth ykus 
dk Hkh vkàku fd;k x;kA ;g Hkh ekuk x;k fd vkt osQ 
'kgjksa dks Hkfo"; osQ fy, rS;kj djus osQ fy, yphyk 'kgjh 
cqfu;knh <kapk ,d egRoiw.kZ vko';drk gS vkSj bldh 
;kstuk cukus osQ fy, foÙk dh miyfCèk dks vkèkkj cukuk 
vko';d gksxkA
gfjr fodkl le>kSrs esa os lHkh eqís 'kkfey gSa tks 
leLr fo'o osQ fy, egRoiw.kZ gSaA Hkkjr us ,d ,slh 
j.kuhfr dh jpuk dk liQyrkiwoZd usr`Ro fd;k gS tks 
oSf'od nf{k.k osQ ljksdkjksa dks eq[;èkkjk esa 'kkfey djrh 
gSA gfjr fodkl le>kSrs osQ dk;kZUo;u ls ,lMhth y{;ksa 
dks çkIr djus dh fn'kk esa th20 lnL; ns'kksa osQ ç;kl 
vkSj etcwr gksaxsA lHkh ns'kksa osQ fy, eq[; {ks=kksa esa rkyesy 
cukus dh vko';drk ij tksj nsdj Hkkjr dh vè;{krk osQ 
varxZr th20 usrkvksa dh ?kks"k.kk us ,d etcwr fn'kk vkSj 
ekxZ fn•k;k gS vkSj lcls egRoiw.kZ fo"k; ;kuh fpjLFkk;h 
Hkfo"; osQ fy, ,d Li‘ jksMeSi dh is'kd'k dh gSA ?
fe'ku ykbiQ
i;kZoj.k dh j{kk 
vkSj laj{k.k osQ 
fy, O;fDrxr vkSj 
lkeqnkf;d dkjZokbZ 
dks c<+kok nsus osQ 
fy, Hkkjr osQ usr`Ro 
okyk oSf'od tu 
vkanksyuA
ykbiQLVkby iQkWj 
,uok;juesaV
vkanksyu O;fDr;ksa dks ^i`Foh 
leFkZd yksxksa* esa cnyuk pkgrk gS] 
tks fVdkÅ thou 'kSyh viuk,axsA
Hkkjr dk çfr O;fDr dkcZu iqQVfçaV 
oSf'od vkSlr ls de gSA ,slk blfy, 
gS D;ksafd gekjh thou'kSyh vHkh Hkh 
LFkk;h ikjaifjd çFkkvksa ij vkèkkfjr gSA 
njvly] fLFkjrk ges'kk ls gekjh ijaijk] 
laLÑfr vkSj ewY;ksa dk fgLlk jgh gSA
D;k vki tkurs gSa\
24 ?????? 2023
'o dh tula[;k 2050 rd yxHkx 10 vjc 
gks ldrh gSA bldk vFkZ gksxk •k|kÂ] iSQ'ku] 
;k=kk] vkokl vkSj vU; lacafèkr mRiknksa vkSj 
lsokvksa dh vfèkd ekaxA tula[;k dh t:jrksa dks iwjk djus 
osQ fy, inkFkks± dk okf"kZd oSf'od fu"d"kZ.k igys gh 22 
vjc Vu (1970) ls c<+dj 70 vjc Vu (2010) gks x;k 
gS vkSj 2060 rd blosQ yxHkx nksxquk gksus dh laHkkouk 
gSA bl o"kZ vkB eghus ls Hkh de le; esa gh ekuotkfr 
dh i;kZoj.kh; lalkèku vkSj lsokvksa dh ekax 2023 esa i`Foh  
}kjk iquthZfor dh tk ldus okyh {kerk ls vfèkd gks x;h gS 
vkSj gekjh •ir dh nj yxkrkj c<+ jgh gSA blls i`Foh osQ 
lhfer çkÑfrd lalkèkuksa ij ncko c<+ jgk gS ftlls lalkèku 
vlqj{kk mRi gks jgh gS vkSj tSo fofoèkrk dh {kfr] çnw"k.k] 
mRltZu esa c<+ksrjh vkSj tyok;q ifjorZu gks jgk gSA
ftEesnkj miHkksx vkSj mRiknu ij lrr fodkl y{; 
(,lMhth 12) osQ vuq:i vfèkd fVdkÅ thou 'kSyh vkSj 
,d mfpr ifjorZu dks viukuk tyok;q vkSj çÑfr dks 
csgrj cukus dh gekjh vkdka{kk dh iwfrZ osQ fy, egRoiw.kZ 
gksxkA gkykafd bl ifjorZu osQ fy, ;qfDriw.kZ uhfr;ksa] 
mRiknksa] de&dkcZu iqQVfçaV fodYiksa] cqfu;knh <kaps] lsokvksa] 
Hkkjr dh vè;{krk esa th20 }kjk viuk, x, lrr fodkl osQ fy, thou 'kSyh ij 
mPp&Lrjh; fl¼kar LFkk;h miHkksx vkSj mRiknu dks c<+kok nsus dh çfrc¼rkvksa dh 
vko';drk dks n'kkZrs gSaA ;g le; lHkh dh vkèkkjHkwr t:jrksa dks iwjk djrs gq, 
oSf'od HkkSfrd infpÉ dks ?kVkus osQ fy, lkewfgd dkjZokbZ dk gSA ,slk djus esa fofHk 
fodklkRed vko';drkvksa vkSj jk‘ªh; ifjfLFkfr;ksa dh iwrhZ djrs gq, pØh; vkSj gfjr 
vkfFkZd fodkl dks viukus osQ fy, l{ke fLFkfr;ksa dk l`tu vfuok;Z gSA
fo
pØh; vFkZO;oLFkk okys fo'o dh jpuk
euh"kk pkSèkjh
vrqy cxbZ 
dk;ZØe vfèkdkjh] ;w,ubZih (Hkkjr)A bZesy% manisha.choudhary@un.org
Hkkjr dk;kZy; osQ ns'k çeq•] la;qDr jk‘ª i;kZoj.k dk;ZØeA bZesy% bagai@un.org.
25 ?????? 2023
çkS|ksfxfd;ksa vkSj lHkh {ks=kksa esa {kerk fuekZ.k dks l{ke djus 
esa dkiQh fuos'k dh vko';drk gksxhA
miHkksx vkSj mRiknu dh vfèkd fVdkÅ O;oLFkkvksa dh 
vksj c<+us vkSj mRiknksa osQ lapyu dh vfoyac vko';drk 
gSA ^loqQZyfjVh* (mRiknksa ;k mRiknksa osQ fgLlksa osQ iqu% 
mi;ksx) ,d ladYiuk gS ftlosQ vuqlkj mRiknksa dk mi;ksx 
mPpre mi;ksfxrk ij ;FkklaHko yacs le; rd fd;k tkrk 
gSA loqQZyfjVh esa mRiknksa vkSj inkFkks± osQ iwjs thoupØ dk 
lekos'k gksrk gS] mRiknksa dks yacs le; rd pyus okys 
vkSj ejEer ;ksX; cukus ls ysdj ;g lqfuf'pr djus rd 
dh lkexzh dks jhlkbfDyax (iquçZ;ksx) osQ ekè;e ls okfil 
ik;k tk ldrk gS vkSj bl çdkj fdlh mRikn osQ thoupØ 
osQ var rd mls vFkZO;oLFkk esa dk;e j•k tk ldrk gSA 
loqQZyfjVh dk eq[; mís'; vO;ogk;Z miHkksx vkSj mRiknu 
osQ gkfudkjd i;kZoj.kh; vkSj lkekftd&vkfFkZd çHkkoksa dks 
de djuk gS ftlosQ ifj.kkeLo:i miHkksx&tfur i;kZoj.kh; 
{kj.k vkSj xzhugkml xSl mRltZu esa deh vkrh gSA loqQZyfjVh 
osQ y{;ksa esa vif'k‘ mRiknu dks jksduk vkSj de djuk Hkh 
'kkfey gSA pØh; vFkZO;oLFkk gfjr jkstxkjksa vkSj pØh; 
O;kikj osQ volj iSnk djosQ lektksa dks csgrj laHkkouk,a 
çnku djrh gSA
gekjh thou'kSyh osQ rkSj&rjhosQ pØh; vkfFkZd fodkl 
dh ifjorZu voLFkk dks vFkZiw.kZ :i ls çHkkfor dj ldrs 
gSaA çek.k lk{kh gSa fd xzhugkml xSl mRltZu dk nks&frgkbZ 
Hkkx lhèks rkSj ij ?kjksa vkSj thou'kSyh ls tqM+k gSA LFkk;h 
vkSj de&dkcZu mRltZu thou 'kSyh çkIr djus osQ fy, 
pkj vko';d {ks=k gSa xfr'khyrk] vkokl vkSj ÅtkZ dk 
mi;ksx] vkgkj fodYi] Hkkstu vkSj u, O;olk; ekWMyA 
bu {ks=kksa esa fLFkjrk ij O;fDrxr Lrj osQ çHkko dh xqatkbZ'k 
gSA u, O;olk; ekWMy osQ rgr iSQ'ku m|ksx dks u, 
fljs ls fopkj dh t:jr gSA ;w,ubZih dh ,d fjiksVZ osQ 
vuqlkj fiNys 15 o"kks± esa] iSQ'ku osQ {ks=k esa •ir nksxquh ls 
vfèkd gks xbZ gS tcfd fdlh oÐ dks jí djus ls igys 
mls iguus dh la[;k esa 36 izfr'kr dh deh vkbZ gSA gj 
lsoaQM nqfu;k Hkj esa ,d dpjk Vªd Hkj diM+ksa dks ftudh 
vuqekfur dher 460 vjc MkWyj gS isQad fn;k tkrk gSA 
orZeku miHkksx ço`fÙk;ksa vkSj vuqekuksa osQ vkyksd esa iSQ'ku 
m|ksx vHkh rd pØh;rk dh jkg ij ugha gSA orZeku iSQ'ku 
m|ksx dh fLFkjrk dks c<+kus osQ fy, diM+k ewY;  Ük`a•yk esa 
dkjZokbZ dh vko';drk gSA
loqQZyfjVh] lrr miHkksx vkSj mRiknu ij th20 ns'kksa 
dk vfèkd tksj 
Hkkjr dh vè;{krk esa th20 }kjk viuk, x, lrr 
fodkl osQ fy, thou 'kSyh ij mPp&Lrjh; fl¼kar LFkk;h 
miHkksx vkSj mRiknu dks c<+kok nsus dh çfrc¼rkvksa dh 
vko';drk dks n'kkZrs gSaA th20 i;kZoj.k vkSj tyok;q eaf=k;ksa 
dh cSBd osQ ifj.kke nLrkost lfgr mPp&Lrjh; fl¼kar lrr 
fodkl gkfly djus esa pØh; vFkZO;oLFkk vkSj lalkèku n{krk  
}kjk fuHkkbZ xbZ egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk dks ekU;rk nsrs gSaA ;g le; 
lHkh dh vkèkkjHkwr t:jrksa dks iwjk djrs gq, oSf'od HkkSfrd 
infpÉ dks ?kVkus osQ fy, lkewfgd dkjZokbZ dk gSA ,slk djus 
esa fofHk fodklkRed vko';drkvksa vkSj jk‘ªh; ifjfLFkfr;ksa 
dh iwrhZ djrs gq, pØh; vkSj gfjr vkfFkZd fodkl dks 
viukus osQ fy, l{ke fLFkfr;ksa dk l`tu vfuok;Z gSA
fofHk fodklkRed vko';drkvksa vkSj jk‘ªh; 
ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks è;ku esa j•rs gq, pØh; vkSj gfjr 
vkfFkZd fodkl esa ifjorZuA
,d Hkfo";ksUeq•h n`f‘dks.k osQ :i esa vkSj th20 ns'kksa 
dh çfrc¼rkvksa dks lkdkj :i nsus] tyok;q vkink ls 
fuiVus vkSj lrr fodkl y{;ksa ,oa tyok;q] tSo fofoèkrk 
vkSj çnw"k.k osQ vU; oSf'od y{;ksa dks çkIr djus osQ 
fy, orZeku •ir vkSj mRiknu osQ rkSj rjhdksa dh lEiw.kZ 
O;oLFkk esa vfoyac ifjorZu lokZsifj gSA dbZ {ks=kksa fo'ks"k 
:i ls vFkZO;oLFkk osQ mPp çHkko okys {ks=kksa (ifjogu] 
diM+k] IykfLVd] Hkou vkSj fuekZ.k vkfn) esa vkewypwy 
vkiwfrZ cnyko dh vko';drk gSA i;kZoj.kh;] vkfFkZd vkSj 
lkekftd ladVksa ls mRi ekuotkfr osQ lkeus vkus okyh 
pqukSfr;ksa dk lkFk feydj mudh Hk;kogrk osQ vuq:i xfr 
vkSj ifjek.k ls fuiVk tkuk pkfg,A lkFk gh] çR;sd ns'k osQ 
fof'k‘ ljksdkjksa dks Hkh le>k tkuk pkfg,A
 y iqu% vkdkj nsus dh ekax
 y vkiwfrZ ij iqufoZpkj
 y mÙkjnk;h ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k
oSf'od lkewfgd 
n`f‘dks.k osQ fy,  
3 eq[; {ks=k
ykbiQLVkbZy iQkWj 
,uok;juesaV
Read More
2317 docs|814 tests

Top Courses for UPSC

Explore Courses for UPSC exam

Top Courses for UPSC

Signup for Free!
Signup to see your scores go up within 7 days! Learn & Practice with 1000+ FREE Notes, Videos & Tests.
10M+ students study on EduRev
Related Searches

Semester Notes

,

Free

,

Weekly & Monthly - UPSC

,

Summary

,

Weekly & Monthly - UPSC

,

Yojana Magazine November 2023 - 2 (Hindi) | Current Affairs (Hindi): Daily

,

pdf

,

mock tests for examination

,

shortcuts and tricks

,

Yojana Magazine November 2023 - 2 (Hindi) | Current Affairs (Hindi): Daily

,

Yojana Magazine November 2023 - 2 (Hindi) | Current Affairs (Hindi): Daily

,

MCQs

,

video lectures

,

Exam

,

Sample Paper

,

Important questions

,

Extra Questions

,

past year papers

,

Viva Questions

,

Weekly & Monthly - UPSC

,

study material

,

Previous Year Questions with Solutions

,

practice quizzes

,

ppt

,

Objective type Questions

;