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ISSN-0971-8397
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ISSN-0971-8397
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esa ,d lkFk izdkf'krA
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izdk'ku foHkkx osQ ns'kHkj esa fLFkr foØ; osQUnzksa dh lwph osQ fy, ns[ksa i`-la- 38
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ISSN-0971-8397
www.publicationsdivision.nic.in @DPD_India I @YojanaJournal @publicationsdivision @dpd_india
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yksnh jksM] ubZ fnYyh&110003
la;qDr funs'kd (mRiknu) 
Mh osQ lh ân;ukFk
vkoj.k % fcUnq oekZ
;kstuk dk y{; ns'k osQ vkfFkZd fodkl ls 
lEcfU/r eqíksa dk ljdkjh uhfr;ksa osQ O;kid 
lanHkZ esa xgjkbZ ls fo'ys"k.k dj bu ij foe'kZ osQ 
fy, ,d thoar eap miyCèk djkuk gSA
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr ys[kksa esa O;Dr fopkj ys[kdksa 
osQ O;fDrxr gSaA t+:jh ugha fd ;s ys[kd Hkkjr 
ljdkj osQ ftu ea=kky;ksa] foHkkxksa vFkok laxBuksa 
ls lac¼ gSa] mudk Hkh ;gh n`f"Vdks.k gksA 
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr foKkiuksa dh fo"k;oLrq osQ 
fy, ;kstuk mÙkjnk;h ugha gSaA
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr vkys[kksa esa iz;qDr ekufp=k o 
izrhd vkf/dkfjd ugha gS] cfYd lkaosQfrd gSaA ;s 
ekufp=k ;k izrhd fdlh Hkh ns'k dk vkfèkdkfjd 
izfrfuf/Ro ugha djrs gSaA
;kstuk ys[kdksa }kjk vkys[kksa osQ lkFk vius 
fo'oluh; lzksrksa ls ,d=k dj miyC/ djk, 
x, vkadM+ksa@rkfydkvksa@bUiQksxzkfiQDl osQ lEcUèk 
esa mÙkjnk;h ugha gSA ;kstuk fdlh Hkh ys[k esa osQl 
LVMh osQ :i esa izLrqr fdlh Hkh czkaM ;k futh 
laLFkkvksa dk leFkZu ;k izpkj ugha djrh gSA
;kstuk ?kj eaxkus] 'kqYd esa NwV osQ lkFk njksa 
o Iyku dh foLr`r tkudkjh osQ fy, i`"B&54 
ij ns[ksaA
;kstuk dh lnL;rk 'kqYd tek djus osQ ckn 
if=kdk izkIr gksus esa de ls de 8 lIrkg dk 
le; yxrk gSA bl vof/ osQ lekIr gksus osQ ckn 
gh ;kstuk izkIr u gksus dh f'kdk;r djsaA
;kstuk u feyus dh f'kdk;r ;k iqjkus vad eaxkus 
osQ fy, uhps fn, x, bZ&esy ij fy[ksa & 
pdjucir@gmail.com
;k laidZ djsa& 
nwjHkk"k % 011&24367453
(lkseokj ls 'kqØokj lHkh dk;Z fnol ij  
izkr% 9%30 cts ls 'kke 6%00 cts rd)
;kstuk dh lnL;rk dh tkudkjh ysus rFkk 
foKkiu Niokus osQ fy, laidZ djsaµ
vfHk"ksd prqosZnh] laiknd] if=kdk ,dka'k
çdk'ku foHkkx] dejk la- 779] lkroka ry]
lwpuk Hkou] lhthvks ifjlj] yksnh jksM]  
u;h fnYyh&110003
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????? ?????????
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ISSN-0971-8397
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fganh] vlfe;k] ckaXyk] vaxzst+h] xqt+jkrh] dUuM+] ey;kye] rfey] rsyqxq] ejkBh] vksfM;k] iatkch rFkk mnwZ 
esa ,d lkFk izdkf'krA
o"kZ  %  67
vad %  12
fnlEcj 2023
dkfrZd&vxzgu] 'kd laor~ 1945
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i`"B %  56
izdk'ku foHkkx osQ ns'kHkj esa fLFkr foØ; osQUnzksa dh lwph osQ fy, ns[ksa i`-la- 38
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ISSN-0971-8397
www.publicationsdivision.nic.in @DPD_India I @YojanaJournal @publicationsdivision @dpd_india
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yksnh jksM] ubZ fnYyh&110003
la;qDr funs'kd (mRiknu) 
Mh osQ lh ân;ukFk
vkoj.k % fcUnq oekZ
;kstuk dk y{; ns'k osQ vkfFkZd fodkl ls 
lEcfU/r eqíksa dk ljdkjh uhfr;ksa osQ O;kid 
lanHkZ esa xgjkbZ ls fo'ys"k.k dj bu ij foe'kZ osQ 
fy, ,d thoar eap miyCèk djkuk gSA
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr ys[kksa esa O;Dr fopkj ys[kdksa 
osQ O;fDrxr gSaA t+:jh ugha fd ;s ys[kd Hkkjr 
ljdkj osQ ftu ea=kky;ksa] foHkkxksa vFkok laxBuksa 
ls lac¼ gSa] mudk Hkh ;gh n`f"Vdks.k gksA 
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr foKkiuksa dh fo"k;oLrq osQ 
fy, ;kstuk mÙkjnk;h ugha gSaA
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr vkys[kksa esa iz;qDr ekufp=k o 
izrhd vkf/dkfjd ugha gS] cfYd lkaosQfrd gSaA ;s 
ekufp=k ;k izrhd fdlh Hkh ns'k dk vkfèkdkfjd 
izfrfuf/Ro ugha djrs gSaA
;kstuk ys[kdksa }kjk vkys[kksa osQ lkFk vius 
fo'oluh; lzksrksa ls ,d=k dj miyC/ djk, 
x, vkadM+ksa@rkfydkvksa@bUiQksxzkfiQDl osQ lEcUèk 
esa mÙkjnk;h ugha gSA ;kstuk fdlh Hkh ys[k esa osQl 
LVMh osQ :i esa izLrqr fdlh Hkh czkaM ;k futh 
laLFkkvksa dk leFkZu ;k izpkj ugha djrh gSA
;kstuk ?kj eaxkus] 'kqYd esa NwV osQ lkFk njksa 
o Iyku dh foLr`r tkudkjh osQ fy, i`"B&54 
ij ns[ksaA
;kstuk dh lnL;rk 'kqYd tek djus osQ ckn 
if=kdk izkIr gksus esa de ls de 8 lIrkg dk 
le; yxrk gSA bl vof/ osQ lekIr gksus osQ ckn 
gh ;kstuk izkIr u gksus dh f'kdk;r djsaA
;kstuk u feyus dh f'kdk;r ;k iqjkus vad eaxkus 
osQ fy, uhps fn, x, bZ&esy ij fy[ksa & 
pdjucir@gmail.com
;k laidZ djsa& 
nwjHkk"k % 011&24367453
(lkseokj ls 'kqØokj lHkh dk;Z fnol ij  
izkr% 9%30 cts ls 'kke 6%00 cts rd)
;kstuk dh lnL;rk dh tkudkjh ysus rFkk 
foKkiu Niokus osQ fy, laidZ djsaµ
vfHk"ksd prqosZnh] laiknd] if=kdk ,dka'k
çdk'ku foHkkx] dejk la- 779] lkroka ry]
lwpuk Hkou] lhthvks ifjlj] yksnh jksM]  
u;h fnYyh&110003
16
25
32
41
49
7
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5 ??????? 2023
2023 ,d ut+j esa
23 nqfu;k osQ fy, ,d mFky&iqFky Hkjk vkSj vlhe pqukSfr;ksa okyk o"kZ jgk gSA bl v'kkar oSf'od ifjn`'; osQ chp Hkkjr 
lgh le; ij mBkbZ uhfrxr igyksa osQ tfj;s oSf'od vkfFkZd coaMj dk liQyrkiwoZd lkeuk djrs gq, lqn`<+rk vkSj ifjorZu 
dh 'kfDr osQ :i esa mHkjk gSA oSf'od foHkktu dks ikVus osQ fy, Hkkjr csgrjhu fLFkfr esa gSA th20 f'k•j lEesyu osQ fy, fo'o 
usrkvksa dh estckuh djuk vkSj ubZ fnYyh esa th20 usrkvksa dh mRçsjd ,oa O;kid ?kks"k.kk dks viukuk Hkkjr osQ owQVuhfrd dkS'ky 
dks js•kafdr djrk gSA ^,d i`Foh] ,d ifjokj] ,d Hkfo";* dh Hkkouk osQ vuq:i th20 f'k•j lEesyu esa LohÑr ubZ fnYyh  
?kks"k.kk&i=k esa ldkjkRed lekèkku osQ fy, dkjZokbZ fcanqvksa vkSj funZs'kksa dk Li‘ mYys• gSA bl Hkwfedk us Hkkjr dks 'kkafr vkSj lqj{kk 
ls ysdj vkfFkZd lg;ksx vkSj tyok;q lacaèkh dkjZokbZ rd dh fn'kk r; djus osQ volj çnku fd, gSa vkSj ;g dbZ vko';d oSf'od 
eqíksa osQ lekèkku dh vk'kk çnku djrk gSA
o"kZ 2023 fofHk {ks=kksa esa ljkguh; ifjorZuksa dk lk{kh jgkA Hkkjr dh ^drZO; dky* dh fodkl vkSj ifjorZu ;k=kk esa Hkh ;g o"kZ 
okLro esa egRoiw.kZ jgsxkA paæ;ku&3 vkSj vkfnR;&,y1 dk liQy ç{ksi.k Hkkjr osQ varfj{k {ks=k osQ fy, ,d egRoiw.kZ ehy dk iRFkj 
lkfcr gqvkA ;g Hkkjr dks viuh varfj{k {kerkvksa vkSj oSKkfud vuqlaèkku dks vkxs c<+kus osQ çfr ladYi dk çrhd gS tks varfj{k 
çkS|ksfxdh esa blosQ c<+rs dkS'ky dks n'kkZrk gSA
vkS|ksfxd {ks=k esa O;kikj djus esa vklkuh (bZt+ vkWiQ Mqbax fct+usl) vkSj oSf'od fLFkjrk y{;ksa osQ vuq:i viuk;s tk jgs mik;ksa 
esa rsth ns•h x;hA ,d vksj tgka jk‘ªh; ykWftfLVDl uhfr çfØ;k ljyhdj.k] fu;ked <kaps dks viukus] dkS'ky fodkl] mPp f'k{kk esa 
ykWftfLVDl dks eq[;èkkjk esa ykus vkSj mfpr çkS|ksfxfd;ksa dks viukus osQ ekè;e ls ekuo lalkèkuksa vkSj ykWftfLVDl lsokvksa esa n{krk esa 
lqèkkj dh fn'kk esa mUeq• gS ogha ih,e xfr'kfDr jk‘ªh; ekLVj Iyku ,dhÑr volajpuk fodkl ij osQafær gSA ifjogu {ks=k esa usVodZ 
osQ nk;js vkSj flLVe vkmViqV esa egRoiw.kZ foLrkj ns•k x;kA xq.koÙkk ij vfèkd tksj fn;k x;k ftlls fuekZ.k esa rsth vkSj gj ekSle 
esa dusfDVfoVh laHko gqbZ gSA ih,e xfr'kfDr igy osQ rgr Hkkjrekyk] lkxjekyk] ioZrekyk] mM+ku vkfn tSlh ;kstukvksa dk mís'; 
dusfDVfoVh dks c<+kuk vkSj vkfFkZd fodkl esa rsth ykuk gSA Hkkjr dh igyh Lons'k esa fMtkbu vkSj cukbZ x;h lseh&gkbZ&LihM oans 
Hkkjr Vªsuksa us ;kf=k;ksa dks ,d vkèkqfud vkSj vkjkenk;d jsy ;k=kk vuqHko çnku fd;k gSA
ljdkj us xzkeokfl;ksa osQ thou Lrj dks Åij mBkus dks çkFkfedrk nsuk tkjh j•k ftlls vfèkd lekos'kh vkSj U;k;laxr fodkl 
dks c<+kok laHko gks losQA xzkeh.k Hkkjr osQ lfØ; lkekftd&vkfFkZd lekos'ku] ,dhdj.k vkSj l'kDrhdj.k osQ ekè;e ls ljdkj 
^thou vkSj thou;kiu esa ifjorZu* dh vkdka{kk j•rh gSA ih,e fo'odekZ ;kstuk vkSj çèkkuea=kh ihohVhth fodkl fe'ku dk 'kqHkkjaHk 
bl fn'kk esa egRoiw.kZ dne ekuk tkrk gSA
viuh fojklr dks lajf{kr djus vkSj c<+kok nsus osQ fy, py jgs ç;klksa osQ lkFk Hkkjr dh lkaLÑfrd laink bldh igpku dk ,d 
vfHk vax cuh gqbZ gSA Hkkjr dh Lora=krk osQ 75 o"kZ osQ miy{; esa euk;s tkus okys vkt+knh dk ve`r egksRlo osQ nkSjku gj ?kj frjaxk] 
,d Hkkjr Js’ Hkkjr vkSj dykatfy tSls dk;ZØeksa osQ ekè;e ls ns'k dh fofoèk vkSj thoar laLÑfr dks mtkxj fd;k x;k ftldk lekiu 
esjh ekVh esjk ns'k osQ HkO; lekjksg osQ lkFk gqvkA bl o"kZ u, laln Hkou dk mn~?kkVu Hkh ns'k osQ bfrgkl dk ,d egRoiw.kZ iy gSA
•sy lc dks ,d cjkcj Lrj ij ykus okyk vU; {ks=k jgk vkSj blus Hkkjrh;ksa dks t'u eukus osQ dbZ dkj.k fn,A lHkh •syksa esa 
,FkyhVksa us ns'k dk uke jks'ku fd;kA 2022 osQ ,f'k;kbZ •sy gekjs ns'k osQ fy, miyfCèk;ksa osQ ,d egRoiw.kZ volj osQ :i esa lnSo 
Lej.k fd;s tk;saxsA 2018 osQ ,f'k;kbZ •syksa dh rqyuk esa 75 izfr'kr vfèkd Lo.kZ ind vkSj 16 ubZ •sy Jsf.k;ksa esa indksa osQ lkFk 
Hkkjr us ,f'k;kbZ •syksa esa 107 ind gkfly djosQ 60 o"kks± esa vc rd dk loZJs’ çn'kZu fd;kA ;g miyfCèk gekjh c<+rh csap LVªsaFk 
vkSj •sy ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k osQ fodkl nksuksa dk çek.k gS ftlosQ rgr lHkh Lrjksa ij lgk;rk çnku dh tkrh gSA vkSj lky dk var 
fØosQV oYMZ di esa 'kkunkj çn'kZu osQ lkFk gqvkA
o"kZ Hkj dk ys[kk&tks[kk nsus okys ;kstuk ds bl vad dk mís'; fofHk {ks=kksa esa Hkkjr dh çxfr osQ thoar lkjrRo dks latksuk 
gS vkSj çeq• uhfrxr igyksa ij çdk'k Mkyrs gq, ikBdksa dks m|ksx] ifjogu] laLÑfr] Ñf"k vkSj •sy tSls lkWÝV ikoj {ks=kksa esa  
egRoiw.kZ fodkl vkSj miyfCèk;ksa dk O;kogkfjd fo'ys"k.k vkSj >yd çnku djuk gSA ;g vad vius ikBdksa dks xqtjs o"kZ vkSj Hkkoh 
voljksa dh >yd çnku djrk gSA                                                                           ?
laikndh;
20
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????? ?????????
?? ?????
fnlEcj 2023
ISSN-0971-8397
o"kZ dk
ys[kk&tks[kk
3 ??????? 2023
fganh] vlfe;k] ckaXyk] vaxzst+h] xqt+jkrh] dUuM+] ey;kye] rfey] rsyqxq] ejkBh] vksfM;k] iatkch rFkk mnwZ 
esa ,d lkFk izdkf'krA
o"kZ  %  67
vad %  12
fnlEcj 2023
dkfrZd&vxzgu] 'kd laor~ 1945
?? ??? ???...
i`"B %  56
izdk'ku foHkkx osQ ns'kHkj esa fLFkr foØ; osQUnzksa dh lwph osQ fy, ns[ksa i`-la- 38
????? ??? : 
??????? ???? ??? ?????? 
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ISSN-0971-8397
www.publicationsdivision.nic.in @DPD_India I @YojanaJournal @publicationsdivision @dpd_india
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iz/ku laiknd 
oqQyJs"B dey
laiknd 
MkW eerk jkuh
laikndh; dk;kZy;
648] lwpuk Hkou] lhthvks ifjlj]
yksnh jksM] ubZ fnYyh&110003
la;qDr funs'kd (mRiknu) 
Mh osQ lh ân;ukFk
vkoj.k % fcUnq oekZ
;kstuk dk y{; ns'k osQ vkfFkZd fodkl ls 
lEcfU/r eqíksa dk ljdkjh uhfr;ksa osQ O;kid 
lanHkZ esa xgjkbZ ls fo'ys"k.k dj bu ij foe'kZ osQ 
fy, ,d thoar eap miyCèk djkuk gSA
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr ys[kksa esa O;Dr fopkj ys[kdksa 
osQ O;fDrxr gSaA t+:jh ugha fd ;s ys[kd Hkkjr 
ljdkj osQ ftu ea=kky;ksa] foHkkxksa vFkok laxBuksa 
ls lac¼ gSa] mudk Hkh ;gh n`f"Vdks.k gksA 
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr foKkiuksa dh fo"k;oLrq osQ 
fy, ;kstuk mÙkjnk;h ugha gSaA
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr vkys[kksa esa iz;qDr ekufp=k o 
izrhd vkf/dkfjd ugha gS] cfYd lkaosQfrd gSaA ;s 
ekufp=k ;k izrhd fdlh Hkh ns'k dk vkfèkdkfjd 
izfrfuf/Ro ugha djrs gSaA
;kstuk ys[kdksa }kjk vkys[kksa osQ lkFk vius 
fo'oluh; lzksrksa ls ,d=k dj miyC/ djk, 
x, vkadM+ksa@rkfydkvksa@bUiQksxzkfiQDl osQ lEcUèk 
esa mÙkjnk;h ugha gSA ;kstuk fdlh Hkh ys[k esa osQl 
LVMh osQ :i esa izLrqr fdlh Hkh czkaM ;k futh 
laLFkkvksa dk leFkZu ;k izpkj ugha djrh gSA
;kstuk ?kj eaxkus] 'kqYd esa NwV osQ lkFk njksa 
o Iyku dh foLr`r tkudkjh osQ fy, i`"B&54 
ij ns[ksaA
;kstuk dh lnL;rk 'kqYd tek djus osQ ckn 
if=kdk izkIr gksus esa de ls de 8 lIrkg dk 
le; yxrk gSA bl vof/ osQ lekIr gksus osQ ckn 
gh ;kstuk izkIr u gksus dh f'kdk;r djsaA
;kstuk u feyus dh f'kdk;r ;k iqjkus vad eaxkus 
osQ fy, uhps fn, x, bZ&esy ij fy[ksa & 
pdjucir@gmail.com
;k laidZ djsa& 
nwjHkk"k % 011&24367453
(lkseokj ls 'kqØokj lHkh dk;Z fnol ij  
izkr% 9%30 cts ls 'kke 6%00 cts rd)
;kstuk dh lnL;rk dh tkudkjh ysus rFkk 
foKkiu Niokus osQ fy, laidZ djsaµ
vfHk"ksd prqosZnh] laiknd] if=kdk ,dka'k
çdk'ku foHkkx] dejk la- 779] lkroka ry]
lwpuk Hkou] lhthvks ifjlj] yksnh jksM]  
u;h fnYyh&110003
16
25
32
41
49
7
11
5 ??????? 2023
2023 ,d ut+j esa
23 nqfu;k osQ fy, ,d mFky&iqFky Hkjk vkSj vlhe pqukSfr;ksa okyk o"kZ jgk gSA bl v'kkar oSf'od ifjn`'; osQ chp Hkkjr 
lgh le; ij mBkbZ uhfrxr igyksa osQ tfj;s oSf'od vkfFkZd coaMj dk liQyrkiwoZd lkeuk djrs gq, lqn`<+rk vkSj ifjorZu 
dh 'kfDr osQ :i esa mHkjk gSA oSf'od foHkktu dks ikVus osQ fy, Hkkjr csgrjhu fLFkfr esa gSA th20 f'k•j lEesyu osQ fy, fo'o 
usrkvksa dh estckuh djuk vkSj ubZ fnYyh esa th20 usrkvksa dh mRçsjd ,oa O;kid ?kks"k.kk dks viukuk Hkkjr osQ owQVuhfrd dkS'ky 
dks js•kafdr djrk gSA ^,d i`Foh] ,d ifjokj] ,d Hkfo";* dh Hkkouk osQ vuq:i th20 f'k•j lEesyu esa LohÑr ubZ fnYyh  
?kks"k.kk&i=k esa ldkjkRed lekèkku osQ fy, dkjZokbZ fcanqvksa vkSj funZs'kksa dk Li‘ mYys• gSA bl Hkwfedk us Hkkjr dks 'kkafr vkSj lqj{kk 
ls ysdj vkfFkZd lg;ksx vkSj tyok;q lacaèkh dkjZokbZ rd dh fn'kk r; djus osQ volj çnku fd, gSa vkSj ;g dbZ vko';d oSf'od 
eqíksa osQ lekèkku dh vk'kk çnku djrk gSA
o"kZ 2023 fofHk {ks=kksa esa ljkguh; ifjorZuksa dk lk{kh jgkA Hkkjr dh ^drZO; dky* dh fodkl vkSj ifjorZu ;k=kk esa Hkh ;g o"kZ 
okLro esa egRoiw.kZ jgsxkA paæ;ku&3 vkSj vkfnR;&,y1 dk liQy ç{ksi.k Hkkjr osQ varfj{k {ks=k osQ fy, ,d egRoiw.kZ ehy dk iRFkj 
lkfcr gqvkA ;g Hkkjr dks viuh varfj{k {kerkvksa vkSj oSKkfud vuqlaèkku dks vkxs c<+kus osQ çfr ladYi dk çrhd gS tks varfj{k 
çkS|ksfxdh esa blosQ c<+rs dkS'ky dks n'kkZrk gSA
vkS|ksfxd {ks=k esa O;kikj djus esa vklkuh (bZt+ vkWiQ Mqbax fct+usl) vkSj oSf'od fLFkjrk y{;ksa osQ vuq:i viuk;s tk jgs mik;ksa 
esa rsth ns•h x;hA ,d vksj tgka jk‘ªh; ykWftfLVDl uhfr çfØ;k ljyhdj.k] fu;ked <kaps dks viukus] dkS'ky fodkl] mPp f'k{kk esa 
ykWftfLVDl dks eq[;èkkjk esa ykus vkSj mfpr çkS|ksfxfd;ksa dks viukus osQ ekè;e ls ekuo lalkèkuksa vkSj ykWftfLVDl lsokvksa esa n{krk esa 
lqèkkj dh fn'kk esa mUeq• gS ogha ih,e xfr'kfDr jk‘ªh; ekLVj Iyku ,dhÑr volajpuk fodkl ij osQafær gSA ifjogu {ks=k esa usVodZ 
osQ nk;js vkSj flLVe vkmViqV esa egRoiw.kZ foLrkj ns•k x;kA xq.koÙkk ij vfèkd tksj fn;k x;k ftlls fuekZ.k esa rsth vkSj gj ekSle 
esa dusfDVfoVh laHko gqbZ gSA ih,e xfr'kfDr igy osQ rgr Hkkjrekyk] lkxjekyk] ioZrekyk] mM+ku vkfn tSlh ;kstukvksa dk mís'; 
dusfDVfoVh dks c<+kuk vkSj vkfFkZd fodkl esa rsth ykuk gSA Hkkjr dh igyh Lons'k esa fMtkbu vkSj cukbZ x;h lseh&gkbZ&LihM oans 
Hkkjr Vªsuksa us ;kf=k;ksa dks ,d vkèkqfud vkSj vkjkenk;d jsy ;k=kk vuqHko çnku fd;k gSA
ljdkj us xzkeokfl;ksa osQ thou Lrj dks Åij mBkus dks çkFkfedrk nsuk tkjh j•k ftlls vfèkd lekos'kh vkSj U;k;laxr fodkl 
dks c<+kok laHko gks losQA xzkeh.k Hkkjr osQ lfØ; lkekftd&vkfFkZd lekos'ku] ,dhdj.k vkSj l'kDrhdj.k osQ ekè;e ls ljdkj 
^thou vkSj thou;kiu esa ifjorZu* dh vkdka{kk j•rh gSA ih,e fo'odekZ ;kstuk vkSj çèkkuea=kh ihohVhth fodkl fe'ku dk 'kqHkkjaHk 
bl fn'kk esa egRoiw.kZ dne ekuk tkrk gSA
viuh fojklr dks lajf{kr djus vkSj c<+kok nsus osQ fy, py jgs ç;klksa osQ lkFk Hkkjr dh lkaLÑfrd laink bldh igpku dk ,d 
vfHk vax cuh gqbZ gSA Hkkjr dh Lora=krk osQ 75 o"kZ osQ miy{; esa euk;s tkus okys vkt+knh dk ve`r egksRlo osQ nkSjku gj ?kj frjaxk] 
,d Hkkjr Js’ Hkkjr vkSj dykatfy tSls dk;ZØeksa osQ ekè;e ls ns'k dh fofoèk vkSj thoar laLÑfr dks mtkxj fd;k x;k ftldk lekiu 
esjh ekVh esjk ns'k osQ HkO; lekjksg osQ lkFk gqvkA bl o"kZ u, laln Hkou dk mn~?kkVu Hkh ns'k osQ bfrgkl dk ,d egRoiw.kZ iy gSA
•sy lc dks ,d cjkcj Lrj ij ykus okyk vU; {ks=k jgk vkSj blus Hkkjrh;ksa dks t'u eukus osQ dbZ dkj.k fn,A lHkh •syksa esa 
,FkyhVksa us ns'k dk uke jks'ku fd;kA 2022 osQ ,f'k;kbZ •sy gekjs ns'k osQ fy, miyfCèk;ksa osQ ,d egRoiw.kZ volj osQ :i esa lnSo 
Lej.k fd;s tk;saxsA 2018 osQ ,f'k;kbZ •syksa dh rqyuk esa 75 izfr'kr vfèkd Lo.kZ ind vkSj 16 ubZ •sy Jsf.k;ksa esa indksa osQ lkFk 
Hkkjr us ,f'k;kbZ •syksa esa 107 ind gkfly djosQ 60 o"kks± esa vc rd dk loZJs’ çn'kZu fd;kA ;g miyfCèk gekjh c<+rh csap LVªsaFk 
vkSj •sy ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k osQ fodkl nksuksa dk çek.k gS ftlosQ rgr lHkh Lrjksa ij lgk;rk çnku dh tkrh gSA vkSj lky dk var 
fØosQV oYMZ di esa 'kkunkj çn'kZu osQ lkFk gqvkA
o"kZ Hkj dk ys[kk&tks[kk nsus okys ;kstuk ds bl vad dk mís'; fofHk {ks=kksa esa Hkkjr dh çxfr osQ thoar lkjrRo dks latksuk 
gS vkSj çeq• uhfrxr igyksa ij çdk'k Mkyrs gq, ikBdksa dks m|ksx] ifjogu] laLÑfr] Ñf"k vkSj •sy tSls lkWÝV ikoj {ks=kksa esa  
egRoiw.kZ fodkl vkSj miyfCèk;ksa dk O;kogkfjd fo'ys"k.k vkSj >yd çnku djuk gSA ;g vad vius ikBdksa dks xqtjs o"kZ vkSj Hkkoh 
voljksa dh >yd çnku djrk gSA                                                                           ?
laikndh;
20
7 ??????? 2023
60 ds n'kd ds eè; ds ml nkSj esa tc 
fo'oHkj dh varfj{k ,tsafl;ka varfj{k nkSM+ 
esa yxh Fkha] Hkkjr ds varfj{k dk;ZØe dk 
fodkl oSKkfud vuqlaèkku vkSj ç;ksxksa ij dsfUær FkkA rHkh 
ls dk;ZØe dk foLrkj lkekftd ykHk çkIr djus vkSj 
vkRefuHkZj cuus ds mís'; ls gks jgk gSA Hkkjrh; oSKkfudksa 
us bu&gkml vkSj Hkkjh lalkèkuksa dk O;kid mi;ksx djds 
vusd egRoiw.kZ çkS|ksfxfd;ka] lkefxz;ka vkSj vkS|ksfxd 
çfØ;k,a fodflr dh gSaA foxr 50 o"kks± esa ç{ksi.k ;kuksa 
vkSj mixzgksa ds fMtkbu fodflr djds mudk fuekZ.k djus 
19
esa vkRefuHkZjrk çkIr dj yh gSA ç{ksi.k ;ku ,fo;ksfuDl 
(oSekfudh) vkSj mixzgksa ls lacafèkr bysDVªkWfuDl ges'kk gh 
cM+h pqukSrh jgh gS] D;ksafd blesa vk;kr vkSj :ikarj.k dh 
dfBukbZ cjkcj cuh jghaA bljks us bu vM+puksa dks ikj dj 
fy;k vkSj vc mi&ç.kkfy;ksa ds fuekZ.k] vlsEcyh rFkk 
tkap&ij[k dh vko';d VsDuksykWth ,oa cqfu;knh lqfoèkk,a 
Lo;a fodflr dj jgk gSA bl çdkj bljks fo'o dh mu 
ikap çeq[k varfj{k ,tsafl;ksa esa 'kkfey gks x;k] ftuds 
ikl i`Foh ds vè;;u] lapkj] usfoxs'ku vkSj xzg lacaèkh 
[kkstksa dh iw.kZ {kerk gSA
;g o"kZ Hkkjrh; varfj{k vuqla/ku ,oa vUos"k.k ds fy, mYys[kuh; jgk gSA bljks us 
dkiQh igys gh lsaVj] buf'kZ;y usfoxs'ku xkbMsal vkSj dUVªksy iz.kkfy;ksa dh vk/qfudre 
VsDuksykWth fodflr dj yh FkhA ewu vkWfcZVj fe'ku] vkfnR; ,y&1 vkSj pUnz;ku&3 tSls 
vR;ar egRoiw.kZ fe'kuksa dh liQyrk dk {ks=k bl vuwBh {kerk dks Hkh fn;k tk ldrk gSA
lqèkhj dqekj ,u
{kerk fuekZ.k vkSj yksd laidZ funs'kd] Hkkjr ljdkj ds varfj{k foHkkx ds varxZr Hkkjrh; varfj{k 
vuqlaèkku laxBu (bljks)A bZesy% sudheer@isro.gov.in
varfj{k esa Hkkjr dh Åaph mM+ku
Page 5


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vkoj.k % fcUnq oekZ
;kstuk dk y{; ns'k osQ vkfFkZd fodkl ls 
lEcfU/r eqíksa dk ljdkjh uhfr;ksa osQ O;kid 
lanHkZ esa xgjkbZ ls fo'ys"k.k dj bu ij foe'kZ osQ 
fy, ,d thoar eap miyCèk djkuk gSA
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr ys[kksa esa O;Dr fopkj ys[kdksa 
osQ O;fDrxr gSaA t+:jh ugha fd ;s ys[kd Hkkjr 
ljdkj osQ ftu ea=kky;ksa] foHkkxksa vFkok laxBuksa 
ls lac¼ gSa] mudk Hkh ;gh n`f"Vdks.k gksA 
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr foKkiuksa dh fo"k;oLrq osQ 
fy, ;kstuk mÙkjnk;h ugha gSaA
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr vkys[kksa esa iz;qDr ekufp=k o 
izrhd vkf/dkfjd ugha gS] cfYd lkaosQfrd gSaA ;s 
ekufp=k ;k izrhd fdlh Hkh ns'k dk vkfèkdkfjd 
izfrfuf/Ro ugha djrs gSaA
;kstuk ys[kdksa }kjk vkys[kksa osQ lkFk vius 
fo'oluh; lzksrksa ls ,d=k dj miyC/ djk, 
x, vkadM+ksa@rkfydkvksa@bUiQksxzkfiQDl osQ lEcUèk 
esa mÙkjnk;h ugha gSA ;kstuk fdlh Hkh ys[k esa osQl 
LVMh osQ :i esa izLrqr fdlh Hkh czkaM ;k futh 
laLFkkvksa dk leFkZu ;k izpkj ugha djrh gSA
;kstuk ?kj eaxkus] 'kqYd esa NwV osQ lkFk njksa 
o Iyku dh foLr`r tkudkjh osQ fy, i`"B&54 
ij ns[ksaA
;kstuk dh lnL;rk 'kqYd tek djus osQ ckn 
if=kdk izkIr gksus esa de ls de 8 lIrkg dk 
le; yxrk gSA bl vof/ osQ lekIr gksus osQ ckn 
gh ;kstuk izkIr u gksus dh f'kdk;r djsaA
;kstuk u feyus dh f'kdk;r ;k iqjkus vad eaxkus 
osQ fy, uhps fn, x, bZ&esy ij fy[ksa & 
pdjucir@gmail.com
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(lkseokj ls 'kqØokj lHkh dk;Z fnol ij  
izkr% 9%30 cts ls 'kke 6%00 cts rd)
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foKkiu Niokus osQ fy, laidZ djsaµ
vfHk"ksd prqosZnh] laiknd] if=kdk ,dka'k
çdk'ku foHkkx] dejk la- 779] lkroka ry]
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16
25
32
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49
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11
5 ??????? 2023
2023 ,d ut+j esa
23 nqfu;k osQ fy, ,d mFky&iqFky Hkjk vkSj vlhe pqukSfr;ksa okyk o"kZ jgk gSA bl v'kkar oSf'od ifjn`'; osQ chp Hkkjr 
lgh le; ij mBkbZ uhfrxr igyksa osQ tfj;s oSf'od vkfFkZd coaMj dk liQyrkiwoZd lkeuk djrs gq, lqn`<+rk vkSj ifjorZu 
dh 'kfDr osQ :i esa mHkjk gSA oSf'od foHkktu dks ikVus osQ fy, Hkkjr csgrjhu fLFkfr esa gSA th20 f'k•j lEesyu osQ fy, fo'o 
usrkvksa dh estckuh djuk vkSj ubZ fnYyh esa th20 usrkvksa dh mRçsjd ,oa O;kid ?kks"k.kk dks viukuk Hkkjr osQ owQVuhfrd dkS'ky 
dks js•kafdr djrk gSA ^,d i`Foh] ,d ifjokj] ,d Hkfo";* dh Hkkouk osQ vuq:i th20 f'k•j lEesyu esa LohÑr ubZ fnYyh  
?kks"k.kk&i=k esa ldkjkRed lekèkku osQ fy, dkjZokbZ fcanqvksa vkSj funZs'kksa dk Li‘ mYys• gSA bl Hkwfedk us Hkkjr dks 'kkafr vkSj lqj{kk 
ls ysdj vkfFkZd lg;ksx vkSj tyok;q lacaèkh dkjZokbZ rd dh fn'kk r; djus osQ volj çnku fd, gSa vkSj ;g dbZ vko';d oSf'od 
eqíksa osQ lekèkku dh vk'kk çnku djrk gSA
o"kZ 2023 fofHk {ks=kksa esa ljkguh; ifjorZuksa dk lk{kh jgkA Hkkjr dh ^drZO; dky* dh fodkl vkSj ifjorZu ;k=kk esa Hkh ;g o"kZ 
okLro esa egRoiw.kZ jgsxkA paæ;ku&3 vkSj vkfnR;&,y1 dk liQy ç{ksi.k Hkkjr osQ varfj{k {ks=k osQ fy, ,d egRoiw.kZ ehy dk iRFkj 
lkfcr gqvkA ;g Hkkjr dks viuh varfj{k {kerkvksa vkSj oSKkfud vuqlaèkku dks vkxs c<+kus osQ çfr ladYi dk çrhd gS tks varfj{k 
çkS|ksfxdh esa blosQ c<+rs dkS'ky dks n'kkZrk gSA
vkS|ksfxd {ks=k esa O;kikj djus esa vklkuh (bZt+ vkWiQ Mqbax fct+usl) vkSj oSf'od fLFkjrk y{;ksa osQ vuq:i viuk;s tk jgs mik;ksa 
esa rsth ns•h x;hA ,d vksj tgka jk‘ªh; ykWftfLVDl uhfr çfØ;k ljyhdj.k] fu;ked <kaps dks viukus] dkS'ky fodkl] mPp f'k{kk esa 
ykWftfLVDl dks eq[;èkkjk esa ykus vkSj mfpr çkS|ksfxfd;ksa dks viukus osQ ekè;e ls ekuo lalkèkuksa vkSj ykWftfLVDl lsokvksa esa n{krk esa 
lqèkkj dh fn'kk esa mUeq• gS ogha ih,e xfr'kfDr jk‘ªh; ekLVj Iyku ,dhÑr volajpuk fodkl ij osQafær gSA ifjogu {ks=k esa usVodZ 
osQ nk;js vkSj flLVe vkmViqV esa egRoiw.kZ foLrkj ns•k x;kA xq.koÙkk ij vfèkd tksj fn;k x;k ftlls fuekZ.k esa rsth vkSj gj ekSle 
esa dusfDVfoVh laHko gqbZ gSA ih,e xfr'kfDr igy osQ rgr Hkkjrekyk] lkxjekyk] ioZrekyk] mM+ku vkfn tSlh ;kstukvksa dk mís'; 
dusfDVfoVh dks c<+kuk vkSj vkfFkZd fodkl esa rsth ykuk gSA Hkkjr dh igyh Lons'k esa fMtkbu vkSj cukbZ x;h lseh&gkbZ&LihM oans 
Hkkjr Vªsuksa us ;kf=k;ksa dks ,d vkèkqfud vkSj vkjkenk;d jsy ;k=kk vuqHko çnku fd;k gSA
ljdkj us xzkeokfl;ksa osQ thou Lrj dks Åij mBkus dks çkFkfedrk nsuk tkjh j•k ftlls vfèkd lekos'kh vkSj U;k;laxr fodkl 
dks c<+kok laHko gks losQA xzkeh.k Hkkjr osQ lfØ; lkekftd&vkfFkZd lekos'ku] ,dhdj.k vkSj l'kDrhdj.k osQ ekè;e ls ljdkj 
^thou vkSj thou;kiu esa ifjorZu* dh vkdka{kk j•rh gSA ih,e fo'odekZ ;kstuk vkSj çèkkuea=kh ihohVhth fodkl fe'ku dk 'kqHkkjaHk 
bl fn'kk esa egRoiw.kZ dne ekuk tkrk gSA
viuh fojklr dks lajf{kr djus vkSj c<+kok nsus osQ fy, py jgs ç;klksa osQ lkFk Hkkjr dh lkaLÑfrd laink bldh igpku dk ,d 
vfHk vax cuh gqbZ gSA Hkkjr dh Lora=krk osQ 75 o"kZ osQ miy{; esa euk;s tkus okys vkt+knh dk ve`r egksRlo osQ nkSjku gj ?kj frjaxk] 
,d Hkkjr Js’ Hkkjr vkSj dykatfy tSls dk;ZØeksa osQ ekè;e ls ns'k dh fofoèk vkSj thoar laLÑfr dks mtkxj fd;k x;k ftldk lekiu 
esjh ekVh esjk ns'k osQ HkO; lekjksg osQ lkFk gqvkA bl o"kZ u, laln Hkou dk mn~?kkVu Hkh ns'k osQ bfrgkl dk ,d egRoiw.kZ iy gSA
•sy lc dks ,d cjkcj Lrj ij ykus okyk vU; {ks=k jgk vkSj blus Hkkjrh;ksa dks t'u eukus osQ dbZ dkj.k fn,A lHkh •syksa esa 
,FkyhVksa us ns'k dk uke jks'ku fd;kA 2022 osQ ,f'k;kbZ •sy gekjs ns'k osQ fy, miyfCèk;ksa osQ ,d egRoiw.kZ volj osQ :i esa lnSo 
Lej.k fd;s tk;saxsA 2018 osQ ,f'k;kbZ •syksa dh rqyuk esa 75 izfr'kr vfèkd Lo.kZ ind vkSj 16 ubZ •sy Jsf.k;ksa esa indksa osQ lkFk 
Hkkjr us ,f'k;kbZ •syksa esa 107 ind gkfly djosQ 60 o"kks± esa vc rd dk loZJs’ çn'kZu fd;kA ;g miyfCèk gekjh c<+rh csap LVªsaFk 
vkSj •sy ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k osQ fodkl nksuksa dk çek.k gS ftlosQ rgr lHkh Lrjksa ij lgk;rk çnku dh tkrh gSA vkSj lky dk var 
fØosQV oYMZ di esa 'kkunkj çn'kZu osQ lkFk gqvkA
o"kZ Hkj dk ys[kk&tks[kk nsus okys ;kstuk ds bl vad dk mís'; fofHk {ks=kksa esa Hkkjr dh çxfr osQ thoar lkjrRo dks latksuk 
gS vkSj çeq• uhfrxr igyksa ij çdk'k Mkyrs gq, ikBdksa dks m|ksx] ifjogu] laLÑfr] Ñf"k vkSj •sy tSls lkWÝV ikoj {ks=kksa esa  
egRoiw.kZ fodkl vkSj miyfCèk;ksa dk O;kogkfjd fo'ys"k.k vkSj >yd çnku djuk gSA ;g vad vius ikBdksa dks xqtjs o"kZ vkSj Hkkoh 
voljksa dh >yd çnku djrk gSA                                                                           ?
laikndh;
20
7 ??????? 2023
60 ds n'kd ds eè; ds ml nkSj esa tc 
fo'oHkj dh varfj{k ,tsafl;ka varfj{k nkSM+ 
esa yxh Fkha] Hkkjr ds varfj{k dk;ZØe dk 
fodkl oSKkfud vuqlaèkku vkSj ç;ksxksa ij dsfUær FkkA rHkh 
ls dk;ZØe dk foLrkj lkekftd ykHk çkIr djus vkSj 
vkRefuHkZj cuus ds mís'; ls gks jgk gSA Hkkjrh; oSKkfudksa 
us bu&gkml vkSj Hkkjh lalkèkuksa dk O;kid mi;ksx djds 
vusd egRoiw.kZ çkS|ksfxfd;ka] lkefxz;ka vkSj vkS|ksfxd 
çfØ;k,a fodflr dh gSaA foxr 50 o"kks± esa ç{ksi.k ;kuksa 
vkSj mixzgksa ds fMtkbu fodflr djds mudk fuekZ.k djus 
19
esa vkRefuHkZjrk çkIr dj yh gSA ç{ksi.k ;ku ,fo;ksfuDl 
(oSekfudh) vkSj mixzgksa ls lacafèkr bysDVªkWfuDl ges'kk gh 
cM+h pqukSrh jgh gS] D;ksafd blesa vk;kr vkSj :ikarj.k dh 
dfBukbZ cjkcj cuh jghaA bljks us bu vM+puksa dks ikj dj 
fy;k vkSj vc mi&ç.kkfy;ksa ds fuekZ.k] vlsEcyh rFkk 
tkap&ij[k dh vko';d VsDuksykWth ,oa cqfu;knh lqfoèkk,a 
Lo;a fodflr dj jgk gSA bl çdkj bljks fo'o dh mu 
ikap çeq[k varfj{k ,tsafl;ksa esa 'kkfey gks x;k] ftuds 
ikl i`Foh ds vè;;u] lapkj] usfoxs'ku vkSj xzg lacaèkh 
[kkstksa dh iw.kZ {kerk gSA
;g o"kZ Hkkjrh; varfj{k vuqla/ku ,oa vUos"k.k ds fy, mYys[kuh; jgk gSA bljks us 
dkiQh igys gh lsaVj] buf'kZ;y usfoxs'ku xkbMsal vkSj dUVªksy iz.kkfy;ksa dh vk/qfudre 
VsDuksykWth fodflr dj yh FkhA ewu vkWfcZVj fe'ku] vkfnR; ,y&1 vkSj pUnz;ku&3 tSls 
vR;ar egRoiw.kZ fe'kuksa dh liQyrk dk {ks=k bl vuwBh {kerk dks Hkh fn;k tk ldrk gSA
lqèkhj dqekj ,u
{kerk fuekZ.k vkSj yksd laidZ funs'kd] Hkkjr ljdkj ds varfj{k foHkkx ds varxZr Hkkjrh; varfj{k 
vuqlaèkku laxBu (bljks)A bZesy% sudheer@isro.gov.in
varfj{k esa Hkkjr dh Åaph mM+ku
8 ??????? 2023
bljks us vius fdLe dh vuwBh varfj{k ifjogu ç.kkyh 
fodflr dj yh gSA og vius pkj lfØ; ç{ksi.k ;kuksa dh 
lgk;rk ls i`Foh dh fupyh] e>kSyh vkSj Åaph d{kk esa 
500 fdyksxzke ls 8000 fdyksxzke rd ds isyksM varfj{k 
esa igqapk ldrk gSA bljks dh vlyh rkdr gS ih,l,yoh 
(èkzqoh; varfj{k ç{ksi.k ;ku) tks 2Vh Js.kh ds isyksM varfj{k 
esa ç{ksfir djus esa nqfu;kHkj ds def'kZ;y miHkksDrkvksa dks 
bldk vR;fèkd Hkjkslsean vkSj fdiQ+k;rh lekèkku miyCèk 
djkrk gSA bldk VuZ&vjkmaM Vkbe ;kuh ifjorZu&le; cgqr 
lgh gS vkSj miHkksDrk dh t+:jr ds eqrkfcd dbZ çdkj ls 
lsVvi fd;k tk ldrk gSA ih,l,yoh dks bldh [kwfc;ksa dh 
otg ls gh tcjnLr yksdfç;rk feyh gS] ;g jkWdsV ,d gh 
mM+ku esa vusd mixzg NksM+ ldrk gSA bldh Åijh LVst okys 
fyfDoM batu 'kq: vkSj can fd, tk ldrs gSa] ;g fofHkUu 
Hkw&fLFkj d{kkvksa esa d{kk,a batsDV dj ldrk gS vkSj ih,l4 
d{kk IysViQkWeZ ij vuqlaèkku fd, tk ldrs gSaA
Hkkjr esa fodflr vkSj fufeZr ç{ksi.k ;ku ,yoh,e3 esa 
Lo;a dks vko';drkuqlkj ,MtsLV djus dh vn~Hkqr {kerk gS 
vkSj blus pUæ;ku rFkk ouosc def'kZ;y okguksa ds ç{ksi.k 
tSls tfVy fe'kuksa esa vHkwriw.kZ liQyrk çkIr dh gSA ;g 
viuh ijh{k.k mM+ku ds le; ls gh vius oxZ dk lokZfèkd 
fo'oluh; okgu gSA fo'oHkj ds def'kZ;y cktkjksa esa bldh 
cgqr 'kkunkj lk[k gS vkSj pkj Vu {kerk okys ,ybZvks rFkk 
6 Vu {kerk okys thbZvks isyksM~l ds ç{ksi.k ds ekeys esa ;g 
cgqr dke;kc gSA 
NksVs mixzg ç{ksi.k ;ku cktkj dh t+:jrsa iwjh djus ds 
mís'; ls bljks us y?kq mixzg ç{ksi.k ;ku (,l,l,yoh) 
fjdkWMZ le; esa fodflr fd;k gS vkSj Hkkjrh; m|ksx dks bljks 
dh vksj ls ekax vkèkkfjr lekèkku miyCèk djkus dh fn'kk esa 
cgqr gh mi;ksxh HksaV gSA
bljks us dkiQh igys gh lsalj] buf'kZ;y usfoxs'ku xkbMsal 
vkSj daVªksy ç.kkfy;ksa dh vkèkqfudre VsDuksykWth fodflr 
dj yh FkhA ewu vkfcZVj fe'ku vkSj pUæ;ku&3 tSls vR;ar 
egRoiw.kZ fe'kuksa dh liQyrk dk Js; bl vuwBh {kerk 
dks Hkh fn;k tk ldrk gSA bu&gkml vkWfIVDl vkSj vkWIVks 
bysDVªkWfuDl fo'ks"kKrk gksus ij gh i`Foh ds vè;;u vkSj xzg 
lacaèkh [kkst esa bLrseky gksus okys fo'ks"k isyksM~l dh O;kid 
jsat fodflr djus esa liQyrk fey ikbZ gSA
mixzgksa vkSj muds lEc¼ isyksM ds vuqlaèkku vkSj 
fMtkbu rS;kj djus ds fy, bljks ds lefiZr lewg gSaA ,aVhuk] 
fjiQysDVj vkSj jsfM;ks izQhDosalh ç.kkfy;ksa lfgr fofHkUu mixzg 
ç.kkfy;ksa dks yxkrkj lqèkkj djds vkèkqfudre cuk;k tkrk 
gS] rkfd rduhdh çxfr dh n`f"V ls og oSf'od ekudksa ds 
Lrj rd jgs vkSj gks lds rks mlls Hkh Åij jgsA
ns'k esa iwohZ vkSj nf{k.kh nksuksa ekxks± ij ç{ksi.k ds fy, 
bljks dh viuh xzkmaM] (tehu) ç.kkfy;ka gSaA ekLVj daVªksy 
lqfoèkk rFkk Vªsfdax vkSj VsyhehVªh lqfoèkk ls lHkh bZvks] lapkj]
usfoxs'ku vkSj oSKkfud mixzgksa ij pkSchlksa ?kaVs fuxkg j[kh 
tkrh gSA bljks vc varfj{k ikfjfLFkfrd tkx#drk (Lisl 
flpq,'kuy vos;jusl) tSlh u;s {ks=k esa ços'k djus tk jgk 
gS] ftlesa mixzg] dpjs vkSj vU; vkdk'kh; fiaMksa tSlhs 
varfj{k oLrqvksa ds O;ogkj vkSj fLFkfr lfgr varfj{k ds 
okrkoj.k dh O;kid le> vkSj tkudkjh fey ldsxhA bljks 
bu çfØ;kvksa dks iwjk djus dh cqfu;knh lqfoèkk,a tqVkus dh 
;kstuk cuk jgk gSA
bljks us gky ds o"kks± esa vius vkèkkjHkwr <kaps (baizQkLVªDpj) 
dk cM+k foLrkj djds vusdkusd egRoiw.kZ varfj{k fe'ku vkSj 
çkS|ksfxdh ls tqM+s fodkl esa vge liQyrk çkIr dh gSA buesa 
ls dqN çeq[k lqfoèkk,a gSa % 
Vªk;lksfud foaM Vuy] gkbZ&,fYVP;wM VsLV iQsflfyVht]
lseh&Øk;ks VsfLaVx vkSj bafVxzs'ku iQsflfyVht+] xxu;ku lqfoèkk,a 
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