Yojana Magazine December 2023 - 2 (Hindi) | Current Affairs (Hindi): Daily, Weekly & Monthly - UPSC PDF Download

 Page 1


25 ??????? 2023
f'k;kbZ [ksy 2022 gekjs ns'k ds fy, ,d ,sls 
vk;kstu ds :i esa ,sfrgkfld jgs gaS] ftls 
ges'kk ;kn j[kk tk,xkA bu [ksyksa esa Hkkjr us 
2018 ds ,f'k;kbZ [ksyksa dh rqyuk esa 75 çfr'kr vfèkd 
Lo.kZ indksa ds lkFk 60 o"kks± esa lokZfèkd ind (107) 
gkfly fd, gSa vkSj 16 ubZ [ksy Jsf.k;ksa esa ind thrs 
gSaA ;g u dsoy gekjh c<+rh csap LVªsaFk dk cfYd [ksy 
ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k ds fuekZ.k dk Hkh çek.k gS tgka gj 
Lrj ij lg;ksx fn;k tk jgk gSA bl VwukZesaV esa gkfly 
dqy indksa esa ls yxHkx 50 izfr'kr ind thrus okyh 
gekjh efgyk ,FkyhVksa dh mYys[kuh; miyfCèk] muds vVwV 
leiZ.k] çfrHkk vkSj dM+h esgur dk çek.k gSA ;g miyfCèk 
u dsoy eSnku ij muds dkS'ky dks n'kkZrh gS cfYd lHkh 
ckèkkvksa ds ckotwn liQy gksus ds fy, mudh ifjorZudkjh 
'kfDr vkSj n`<+ ladYi dks Hkh n'kkZrh gSA bu [ksyksa esa efgyk 
rhjanktksa us 3 Lo.kZ vkSj 2 dkaL; ind thrdj gekjs ns'k 
dks varjjk"Vªh; Lrj ij xkSjokfUor fd;k gSA
Hkkjrh; iSjk&,FkyhVksa us Hkh iSjk ,f'k;kbZ [ksyksa esa 29 
Lo.kZ ind lfgr 111 ind thr dj vc rd ds lokZfèkd 
indksa ds lkFk bfrgkl jpk gSA blls igys Hkkjr us 2010 
,
[ksy dkS'ky
,sfrgkfld thr dk lky
Page 2


25 ??????? 2023
f'k;kbZ [ksy 2022 gekjs ns'k ds fy, ,d ,sls 
vk;kstu ds :i esa ,sfrgkfld jgs gaS] ftls 
ges'kk ;kn j[kk tk,xkA bu [ksyksa esa Hkkjr us 
2018 ds ,f'k;kbZ [ksyksa dh rqyuk esa 75 çfr'kr vfèkd 
Lo.kZ indksa ds lkFk 60 o"kks± esa lokZfèkd ind (107) 
gkfly fd, gSa vkSj 16 ubZ [ksy Jsf.k;ksa esa ind thrs 
gSaA ;g u dsoy gekjh c<+rh csap LVªsaFk dk cfYd [ksy 
ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k ds fuekZ.k dk Hkh çek.k gS tgka gj 
Lrj ij lg;ksx fn;k tk jgk gSA bl VwukZesaV esa gkfly 
dqy indksa esa ls yxHkx 50 izfr'kr ind thrus okyh 
gekjh efgyk ,FkyhVksa dh mYys[kuh; miyfCèk] muds vVwV 
leiZ.k] çfrHkk vkSj dM+h esgur dk çek.k gSA ;g miyfCèk 
u dsoy eSnku ij muds dkS'ky dks n'kkZrh gS cfYd lHkh 
ckèkkvksa ds ckotwn liQy gksus ds fy, mudh ifjorZudkjh 
'kfDr vkSj n`<+ ladYi dks Hkh n'kkZrh gSA bu [ksyksa esa efgyk 
rhjanktksa us 3 Lo.kZ vkSj 2 dkaL; ind thrdj gekjs ns'k 
dks varjjk"Vªh; Lrj ij xkSjokfUor fd;k gSA
Hkkjrh; iSjk&,FkyhVksa us Hkh iSjk ,f'k;kbZ [ksyksa esa 29 
Lo.kZ ind lfgr 111 ind thr dj vc rd ds lokZfèkd 
indksa ds lkFk bfrgkl jpk gSA blls igys Hkkjr us 2010 
,
[ksy dkS'ky
,sfrgkfld thr dk lky
26 ??????? 2023
ds [ksyksa esa 14 ind] 2014 esa 33 ind vkSj 2018 esa 
72 ind thrs FksA [ksyksa dh 'kq#vkr ds ckn ls ;g Hkkjr 
dk vc rd dk loZJs"B çn'kZu gS] tgka Hkkjr lexz ind 
rkfydk esa 5osa LFkku ij jgk gSA bu [ksyksa esa Hkkjr us bl 
o"kZ f[kykfM+;ksa dk viuk lcls cM+k ny Hkstk] ftlesa 303 
,FkyhV (191 iq#"k vkSj 112 efgyk) 'kkfey FksA
;qok ekeys vkSj [ksy ea=kky; us Hkkjrh; [ksy çkfèkdj.k 
(,l,vkbZ) ds ekè;e ls ns'k Hkj esa fofHkUu [ksy çksRlkgu 
;kstuk,a ykxw dh gSaA jk"Vªh; mRÑ"Vrk dsaæ (,ulhvksbZ)] 
,l,vkbZ ds çf'k{k.k dsaæ (,lVhlh)] ,lVhlh dk foLrkj 
dsaæ] jk"Vªh; [ksy çfrHkk çfr;ksfxrk (,u,lVhlh) & (fu;fer 
Ldwyksa] Lons'kh [ksyksa vkSj ek'kZy vkVZ Ldwyksa rFkk v[kkM+ksa 
ds fy, bldh mi&;kstukvksa ds lkFk) ds rgr fo'ks"kK 
çf'k{kd dh lsok,a] [ksy midj.k] Hkkstu rFkk vkokl] [ksy 
fdV] çfr;ksfxrk çn'kZu] 'kSf{kd O;;] fpfdRlk@chek vkSj 
othiQk çnku fd;k tkrk gSA bu ;kstukvksa esa 'kkfey fo"k;ksa 
esa ikjaifjd Hkkjrh; [ksy tSls dcM~Mh] rhjankth] dq'rh] 
[kks&[kks vkfn 'kkfey gSaA
vkj çXxukuan us Hkkjrh; 'krjat ds bfrgkl dh 
fdrkcksa esa viuk uke ntZ djk;kA og fo'oukFku 
vkuan ds ckn fiQMs fo'o di ds iQkbuy esa igqapus 
okys igys Hkkjrh; cu x, Fks vkSj Hkkjrh; fnXxt 
ds lkFk 'kh"kZ ij 'kkfey gksus ls ,d thr nwj FksA
Hkkjr ljdkj ns'k esa [ksy dh ,d laLÑfr dks 
c<+kok ns jgh gSA dsaæ ljdkj dh çeq[k ;kstukvksa 
esa ls ,d & [ksyks bafM;k ;kstuk & ;qok ekeys vkSj 
[ksy ea=kky; }kjk vius ikap dk;Z{ks=kksa ds ekè;e 
ls dk;kZfUor dh tk jgh gSa tks xzkeh.k {ks=kksa lfgr 
iwjs ns'k esa [ksyksa dks c<+kok nsrh gSA [ksyks bafM;k 
jk"Vªh; Lrj ij [ksy dkS'ky fn[kkus vkSj çfrHkkvksa 
dks ryk'kus dk cqfu;knh eap gSA ;g çfrHkk'kkyh 
vkSj xq.kh cPpksa dks mRÑ"Vrk çkIr djus ds fy, 
vkxs c<+rs jgus dh jkg Hkh fn[kkrk gSA bl ;kstuk 
ds ^VSysaV lpZ ,aM MsoyiesaV* y{; ds rgr] [ksyks 
bafM;k ,FkyhVksa dh igpku dh tkrh gS] mudk 
p;u fd;k tkrk gS vkSj çfr ,FkyhV 6-28 yk[k 
#i;s dh okf"kZd foÙkh; lgk;rk çnku dh tkrh 
gSA blesa 1-20 yk[k #i;s vkmV&vkWiQ&ikWdsV HkÙkk 
rFkk dksfpax] [ksy foKku lgk;rk] vkgkj] midj.k] 
miHkksX; oLrq,a vkSj chek 'kqYd bR;kfn tSlh vU; 
lqfoèkkvksa ds fy, 5-08 yk[k #i;s 'kkfey gSaA 
blds vfrfjDr] ;g ;kstuk mHkjrs f[kykfM+;ksa 
dks jk"VªO;kih eap çnku djds mudk ekxZ ç'kLr 
djrh gSA ea=kky; çklafxd jk"Vªh; [ksy egkla?kksa] Ldwy 
xsEl iQsMjs'ku vkWiQ bafM;k vkSj Hkkjrh; fo'ofo|ky; la?k 
tSls fo'ofo|ky; [ksy çksRlkgu laxBuksa ds lg;ksx ls] 
jk"Vªh; Lrj dh dbZ çfr;ksfxrkvksa] vFkkZr~ [ksyks bafM;k ;qok 
[ksy] [ksyks bafM;k fo'ofo|ky; [ksy vkSj [ksyks bafM;k 
'khrdkyhu [ksyksa dk vk;kstu djrk gSA 
VkWIl (VkjxsV vksyafid iksfM;e Ldhe)] ;qok ekeys 
vkSj [ksy ea=kky; dk ,d vkSj çeq[k dk;ZØe gS tks Hkkjr 
ds 'kh"kZ ,FkyhVksa dks lgk;rk çnku djus dk ,d ç;kl gSA
[ksyksa esa mRÑ"V çn'kZu djus okys vkSj varjjk"Vªh; 
vk;kstuksa esa Hkkjr dks xkSjokfUor djus okys fofHkUu ,FkyhVksa 
dh dgkfu;ka ns'k esa [ksyksa dh ifjorZudkjh 'kfDr dh ,d 
Toyar rLohj is'k djrh gSaA [ksyksa dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, 
Hkkjr dk è;ku [ksy çfrHkkvksa ds fodkl rFkk fiQVusl vkSj 
çfrLièkkZ dh laLÑfr dks c<+kok nsus ij gSA ljdkjh lgk;rk 
vkSj O;fDrxr n`<+ ladYi ls çsfjr bl ifjorZu us varjjk"Vªh; 
[ksyksa esa Hkkjr dh mifLFkfr dks vkSj etcwr fd;k gSA    ?
(fofHkUu lzksrksa ls)
170 indksa dh ,sfrgkfld 
thr dh Vhe bafM;k dks 
'kqHkdkeuk,a
Page 3


25 ??????? 2023
f'k;kbZ [ksy 2022 gekjs ns'k ds fy, ,d ,sls 
vk;kstu ds :i esa ,sfrgkfld jgs gaS] ftls 
ges'kk ;kn j[kk tk,xkA bu [ksyksa esa Hkkjr us 
2018 ds ,f'k;kbZ [ksyksa dh rqyuk esa 75 çfr'kr vfèkd 
Lo.kZ indksa ds lkFk 60 o"kks± esa lokZfèkd ind (107) 
gkfly fd, gSa vkSj 16 ubZ [ksy Jsf.k;ksa esa ind thrs 
gSaA ;g u dsoy gekjh c<+rh csap LVªsaFk dk cfYd [ksy 
ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k ds fuekZ.k dk Hkh çek.k gS tgka gj 
Lrj ij lg;ksx fn;k tk jgk gSA bl VwukZesaV esa gkfly 
dqy indksa esa ls yxHkx 50 izfr'kr ind thrus okyh 
gekjh efgyk ,FkyhVksa dh mYys[kuh; miyfCèk] muds vVwV 
leiZ.k] çfrHkk vkSj dM+h esgur dk çek.k gSA ;g miyfCèk 
u dsoy eSnku ij muds dkS'ky dks n'kkZrh gS cfYd lHkh 
ckèkkvksa ds ckotwn liQy gksus ds fy, mudh ifjorZudkjh 
'kfDr vkSj n`<+ ladYi dks Hkh n'kkZrh gSA bu [ksyksa esa efgyk 
rhjanktksa us 3 Lo.kZ vkSj 2 dkaL; ind thrdj gekjs ns'k 
dks varjjk"Vªh; Lrj ij xkSjokfUor fd;k gSA
Hkkjrh; iSjk&,FkyhVksa us Hkh iSjk ,f'k;kbZ [ksyksa esa 29 
Lo.kZ ind lfgr 111 ind thr dj vc rd ds lokZfèkd 
indksa ds lkFk bfrgkl jpk gSA blls igys Hkkjr us 2010 
,
[ksy dkS'ky
,sfrgkfld thr dk lky
26 ??????? 2023
ds [ksyksa esa 14 ind] 2014 esa 33 ind vkSj 2018 esa 
72 ind thrs FksA [ksyksa dh 'kq#vkr ds ckn ls ;g Hkkjr 
dk vc rd dk loZJs"B çn'kZu gS] tgka Hkkjr lexz ind 
rkfydk esa 5osa LFkku ij jgk gSA bu [ksyksa esa Hkkjr us bl 
o"kZ f[kykfM+;ksa dk viuk lcls cM+k ny Hkstk] ftlesa 303 
,FkyhV (191 iq#"k vkSj 112 efgyk) 'kkfey FksA
;qok ekeys vkSj [ksy ea=kky; us Hkkjrh; [ksy çkfèkdj.k 
(,l,vkbZ) ds ekè;e ls ns'k Hkj esa fofHkUu [ksy çksRlkgu 
;kstuk,a ykxw dh gSaA jk"Vªh; mRÑ"Vrk dsaæ (,ulhvksbZ)] 
,l,vkbZ ds çf'k{k.k dsaæ (,lVhlh)] ,lVhlh dk foLrkj 
dsaæ] jk"Vªh; [ksy çfrHkk çfr;ksfxrk (,u,lVhlh) & (fu;fer 
Ldwyksa] Lons'kh [ksyksa vkSj ek'kZy vkVZ Ldwyksa rFkk v[kkM+ksa 
ds fy, bldh mi&;kstukvksa ds lkFk) ds rgr fo'ks"kK 
çf'k{kd dh lsok,a] [ksy midj.k] Hkkstu rFkk vkokl] [ksy 
fdV] çfr;ksfxrk çn'kZu] 'kSf{kd O;;] fpfdRlk@chek vkSj 
othiQk çnku fd;k tkrk gSA bu ;kstukvksa esa 'kkfey fo"k;ksa 
esa ikjaifjd Hkkjrh; [ksy tSls dcM~Mh] rhjankth] dq'rh] 
[kks&[kks vkfn 'kkfey gSaA
vkj çXxukuan us Hkkjrh; 'krjat ds bfrgkl dh 
fdrkcksa esa viuk uke ntZ djk;kA og fo'oukFku 
vkuan ds ckn fiQMs fo'o di ds iQkbuy esa igqapus 
okys igys Hkkjrh; cu x, Fks vkSj Hkkjrh; fnXxt 
ds lkFk 'kh"kZ ij 'kkfey gksus ls ,d thr nwj FksA
Hkkjr ljdkj ns'k esa [ksy dh ,d laLÑfr dks 
c<+kok ns jgh gSA dsaæ ljdkj dh çeq[k ;kstukvksa 
esa ls ,d & [ksyks bafM;k ;kstuk & ;qok ekeys vkSj 
[ksy ea=kky; }kjk vius ikap dk;Z{ks=kksa ds ekè;e 
ls dk;kZfUor dh tk jgh gSa tks xzkeh.k {ks=kksa lfgr 
iwjs ns'k esa [ksyksa dks c<+kok nsrh gSA [ksyks bafM;k 
jk"Vªh; Lrj ij [ksy dkS'ky fn[kkus vkSj çfrHkkvksa 
dks ryk'kus dk cqfu;knh eap gSA ;g çfrHkk'kkyh 
vkSj xq.kh cPpksa dks mRÑ"Vrk çkIr djus ds fy, 
vkxs c<+rs jgus dh jkg Hkh fn[kkrk gSA bl ;kstuk 
ds ^VSysaV lpZ ,aM MsoyiesaV* y{; ds rgr] [ksyks 
bafM;k ,FkyhVksa dh igpku dh tkrh gS] mudk 
p;u fd;k tkrk gS vkSj çfr ,FkyhV 6-28 yk[k 
#i;s dh okf"kZd foÙkh; lgk;rk çnku dh tkrh 
gSA blesa 1-20 yk[k #i;s vkmV&vkWiQ&ikWdsV HkÙkk 
rFkk dksfpax] [ksy foKku lgk;rk] vkgkj] midj.k] 
miHkksX; oLrq,a vkSj chek 'kqYd bR;kfn tSlh vU; 
lqfoèkkvksa ds fy, 5-08 yk[k #i;s 'kkfey gSaA 
blds vfrfjDr] ;g ;kstuk mHkjrs f[kykfM+;ksa 
dks jk"VªO;kih eap çnku djds mudk ekxZ ç'kLr 
djrh gSA ea=kky; çklafxd jk"Vªh; [ksy egkla?kksa] Ldwy 
xsEl iQsMjs'ku vkWiQ bafM;k vkSj Hkkjrh; fo'ofo|ky; la?k 
tSls fo'ofo|ky; [ksy çksRlkgu laxBuksa ds lg;ksx ls] 
jk"Vªh; Lrj dh dbZ çfr;ksfxrkvksa] vFkkZr~ [ksyks bafM;k ;qok 
[ksy] [ksyks bafM;k fo'ofo|ky; [ksy vkSj [ksyks bafM;k 
'khrdkyhu [ksyksa dk vk;kstu djrk gSA 
VkWIl (VkjxsV vksyafid iksfM;e Ldhe)] ;qok ekeys 
vkSj [ksy ea=kky; dk ,d vkSj çeq[k dk;ZØe gS tks Hkkjr 
ds 'kh"kZ ,FkyhVksa dks lgk;rk çnku djus dk ,d ç;kl gSA
[ksyksa esa mRÑ"V çn'kZu djus okys vkSj varjjk"Vªh; 
vk;kstuksa esa Hkkjr dks xkSjokfUor djus okys fofHkUu ,FkyhVksa 
dh dgkfu;ka ns'k esa [ksyksa dh ifjorZudkjh 'kfDr dh ,d 
Toyar rLohj is'k djrh gSaA [ksyksa dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, 
Hkkjr dk è;ku [ksy çfrHkkvksa ds fodkl rFkk fiQVusl vkSj 
çfrLièkkZ dh laLÑfr dks c<+kok nsus ij gSA ljdkjh lgk;rk 
vkSj O;fDrxr n`<+ ladYi ls çsfjr bl ifjorZu us varjjk"Vªh; 
[ksyksa esa Hkkjr dh mifLFkfr dks vkSj etcwr fd;k gSA    ?
(fofHkUu lzksrksa ls)
170 indksa dh ,sfrgkfld 
thr dh Vhe bafM;k dks 
'kqHkdkeuk,a
27 ??????? 2023
èkkuea=kh Jh ujsUæ eksnh us 20 vDVwcj] 2023 dks 
mÙkj çns'k osQ xkft;kckn esa lkfgckckn jSfiM,Dl 
LVs'ku ij fnYyh&xkft;kckn&esjB vkjvkjVh,l 
xfy;kjs osQ çkFkfedrk okys •aM dk mn~?kkVu fd;kA mUgksaus 
Hkkjr esa jhtuy jSfiM VªkaftV flLVe (vkjvkjVh,l) osQ 
'kqHkkjaHk dks fpfÉr djrs gq, lkfgckckn ls nqgkbZ fMiks dks 
tksM+us okyh ueks Hkkjr jSfiM,Dl Vªsu dks Hkh gjh >aMh 
fn•kdj jokuk fd;kA Jh eksnh us csaxyq# esVªks osQ iwoZ&if'pe 
xfy;kjs dh nks ykbuksa dks jkԻ dks lefiZr fd;kA
fnYyh&xkft;kckn&esjB vkjvkjVh,l xfy;kjs dk 17 
fdyksehVj yack çkFkfedrk okyk •aM xkft;kckn] xqyèkkj 
vkSj nqgkbZ LVs'kuksa osQ lkFk lkfgckckn dks ^nqgkbZ fMiks* ls 
tksM+sxkA çèkkuea=kh us 8 ekpZ] 2019 dks fnYyh&xkft;kckn&esjB 
xfy;kjk dh vkèkkjf'kyk j•h FkhA
vkjvkjVh,l ,d ubZ jsy&vkèkkfjr] lSeh gkbZ LihM] gkbZ 
ÚhDoSUlh okyh dE;wVj VªkaftV ç.kkyh gSA 180 fd-eh- çfr 
?kaVs dh xfr osQ lkFk] vkjvkjVh,l ,d ifjorZudkjh] {ks=kh; 
fodkl igy gS] ftls gj 15 feuV esa baVjflVh vkokxeu osQ 
fy, gkbZ&LihM Vªsusa çnku djus osQ fy, fMtkbu fd;k x;k 
gS] tks vko';drk osQ vuqlkj gj 5 feuV dh ÚhDoSUlh rd 
tk ldrh gSA
jk‘ªh; jktèkkuh {ks=k (,ulhvkj) esa rS;kj fd, tkus 
okys oqQy vkB vkjvkjVh,l dkWfjMksj dh igpku dh 
xbZ gS] ftuesa ls rhu dkWfjMksj dks pj.k&I esa ykxw djus 
dh çkFkfedrk nh xbZ gS] ftlesa fnYyh&xkft;kckn& esjB 
dkWfjMksj_ fnYyh&xq#xzke&,l,uch&vyoj dkWfjMksj_ vkSj 
fnYyh&ikuhir dkWfjMksj 'kkfey gSA fnYyh&xkft;kckn&esjB 
vkjvkjVh,l 30]000 djksM+ #i;s ls vfèkd dh ykxr ls 
rS;kj fd;k tk jgk gS] vkSj ;g xkft;kckn] eqjknuxj vkSj 
eksnhuxj osQ 'kgjh osQaæksa ls xqtjrs gq, ,d ?kaVs ls Hkh de 
le; esa fnYyh dks esjB ls tksM+sxkA
ns'k esa fodflr vkjvkjVh,l ,d vR;kèkqfud {ks=kh; 
vkokxeu dk lekèkku gS] vkSj nqfu;k osQ loZJs’ lekèkku 
ls bldh cjkcjh dh tk ldrh gSA ;g ns'k esa ,d 'kgj ls 
nwljs 'kgj tkus osQ fy, lqjf{kr] fo'oluh; vkSj vkèkqfud 
vkokxeu dh lqfoèkk çnku djsxkA ih,e xfr'kfDr jk‘ªh; 
ekLVj Iyku osQ vuq:i] vkjvkjVh,l usVodZ esa jsyos 
LVs'kuksa] esVªks LVs'kuksa] cl lsokvksa vkfn osQ lkFk O;kid 
eYVh&ekWMy&,dhdj.k gksxkA bl rjg osQ ifjorZudkjh {ks=kh; 
vkokxeu lekèkku {ks=k esa vkfFkZd xfrfofèk dks c<+kok nsaxs_ 
jkstxkj] f'k{kk vkSj LokLF; ns•Hkky osQ voljksa rd csgrj 
igqap çnku djsaxs_ vkSj okguksa dh HkhM+HkkM+ vkSj ok;q çnw"k.k 
esa mYys•uh; deh ykus esa enn feysxhA              ?
Ïksr % i=k lwpuk dk;kZy;
Hkkjr dh igyh jhtuy jSfiM VªkaftV flLVe ¼vkjvkjVh,l½
ç
27 ??????? 2023