Goa - Political | Oxford Student ATLAS: Maps & Tests - UPSC PDF Download

 Page 1


 
Goa – Political 
 
Introduction 
Goa, the smallest state in India by area and the fourth smallest by population, is located 
in the Konkan region, bordered by Maharashtra to the north, Karnataka to the east and 
south, and the Arabian Sea on the west. Known for its tourism, Goa attracts millions of 
visitors worldwide, drawn to its natural beauty, beaches, and cultural heritage. The state 
comprises two districts, North and South Goa, and features diverse geography with 
Page 2


 
Goa – Political 
 
Introduction 
Goa, the smallest state in India by area and the fourth smallest by population, is located 
in the Konkan region, bordered by Maharashtra to the north, Karnataka to the east and 
south, and the Arabian Sea on the west. Known for its tourism, Goa attracts millions of 
visitors worldwide, drawn to its natural beauty, beaches, and cultural heritage. The state 
comprises two districts, North and South Goa, and features diverse geography with 
 
mountains, plateaus, and coastal plains. Panaji, the capital, is a quaint Latin-style city, 
while Vasco da Gama, the largest city, serves as a key commercial port. Goa, with its 
rich blend of colonial and modern charm, is a major tourist destination known for its 
infrastructure, cuisine, historical sites, and beaches, as well as a pilgrimage center for 
Christians. The state offers a wide range of hotels, from luxury resorts to budget 
accommodations, catering to the diverse needs of its visitors. 
History of Goa 
• Goa has a rich history, having been under colonial rule for 451 years. Its history 
dates back to the 3rd century, with several dynasties such as the Mauryas, 
Satvahanas, Chalukyas, Shilharas, and Kadambas ruling over the region. Goa 
came under Mughal control in 1312 and was later captured by the Portuguese in 
1510. After centuries of colonial rule, Goa gained freedom from the Portuguese 
in 1961 and became a state in 1987. 
• Goa is known for its numerous historical monuments and captivating sights, 
making it a paradise for history enthusiasts. The state is home to many famous 
churches that reflect its colonial past, including the Church of Mary Immaculate 
Conception, Reis Magos Church, St. Anne Church, and others. Additionally, Goa 
has several forts and museums that provide a deeper understanding of its rich 
cultural heritage. 
Weather in Goa 
Goa enjoys a moderate tropical climate due to its location in the tropical zone and its 
proximity to the Arabian Sea. The state experiences hot and humid weather throughout 
the year, but temperatures remain manageable, with summers not getting too hot and 
winters staying mild. 
Beaches in Goa 
Goa is renowned for its world-class beaches, which attract tourists for their clear waters, 
golden sands, and vibrant atmosphere. North Goa beaches, like Baga and Candolim, 
are lively and ideal for party lovers, while South Goa beaches, such as Palolem and 
Benaulim, offer peaceful, serene escapes for couples seeking privacy. 
Tourist Attractions in Goa 
Goa is home to several popular tourist attractions, including historical sites and natural 
sanctuaries. Notable spots include Fort Aguada, Basilica de Bom Jesus, Chapora Fort, 
Church of St. Francis of Assisi, Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary, and Bhagwan Mahavir Wildlife 
Sanctuary. 
When to Visit Goa 
The best time to visit Goa is during the winter months or the monsoon season. 
However, it’s advisable to avoid May, as temperatures can soar to 35°C, making it the 
hottest month. 
Page 3


 
Goa – Political 
 
Introduction 
Goa, the smallest state in India by area and the fourth smallest by population, is located 
in the Konkan region, bordered by Maharashtra to the north, Karnataka to the east and 
south, and the Arabian Sea on the west. Known for its tourism, Goa attracts millions of 
visitors worldwide, drawn to its natural beauty, beaches, and cultural heritage. The state 
comprises two districts, North and South Goa, and features diverse geography with 
 
mountains, plateaus, and coastal plains. Panaji, the capital, is a quaint Latin-style city, 
while Vasco da Gama, the largest city, serves as a key commercial port. Goa, with its 
rich blend of colonial and modern charm, is a major tourist destination known for its 
infrastructure, cuisine, historical sites, and beaches, as well as a pilgrimage center for 
Christians. The state offers a wide range of hotels, from luxury resorts to budget 
accommodations, catering to the diverse needs of its visitors. 
History of Goa 
• Goa has a rich history, having been under colonial rule for 451 years. Its history 
dates back to the 3rd century, with several dynasties such as the Mauryas, 
Satvahanas, Chalukyas, Shilharas, and Kadambas ruling over the region. Goa 
came under Mughal control in 1312 and was later captured by the Portuguese in 
1510. After centuries of colonial rule, Goa gained freedom from the Portuguese 
in 1961 and became a state in 1987. 
• Goa is known for its numerous historical monuments and captivating sights, 
making it a paradise for history enthusiasts. The state is home to many famous 
churches that reflect its colonial past, including the Church of Mary Immaculate 
Conception, Reis Magos Church, St. Anne Church, and others. Additionally, Goa 
has several forts and museums that provide a deeper understanding of its rich 
cultural heritage. 
Weather in Goa 
Goa enjoys a moderate tropical climate due to its location in the tropical zone and its 
proximity to the Arabian Sea. The state experiences hot and humid weather throughout 
the year, but temperatures remain manageable, with summers not getting too hot and 
winters staying mild. 
Beaches in Goa 
Goa is renowned for its world-class beaches, which attract tourists for their clear waters, 
golden sands, and vibrant atmosphere. North Goa beaches, like Baga and Candolim, 
are lively and ideal for party lovers, while South Goa beaches, such as Palolem and 
Benaulim, offer peaceful, serene escapes for couples seeking privacy. 
Tourist Attractions in Goa 
Goa is home to several popular tourist attractions, including historical sites and natural 
sanctuaries. Notable spots include Fort Aguada, Basilica de Bom Jesus, Chapora Fort, 
Church of St. Francis of Assisi, Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary, and Bhagwan Mahavir Wildlife 
Sanctuary. 
When to Visit Goa 
The best time to visit Goa is during the winter months or the monsoon season. 
However, it’s advisable to avoid May, as temperatures can soar to 35°C, making it the 
hottest month. 
 
How to Reach Goa 
Goa is well connected by road, rail, and air. Buses from Mumbai and Pune offer scenic 
journeys to Goa. The state is also easily accessible by train, with frequent services from 
cities like Mumbai, Chennai, and Pune. Goa's major railway stations are located at 
Margao and Vasco-da-Gama. Air travel is the most convenient option, with numerous 
domestic and international flights connecting Goa to major cities across India. 
 
Goa State Information 
 
 
Capital Panaji 
Date of formation 30 May, 1987 
Governor P.S. Sreedharan Pillai 
Chief Minister Pramod Sawant 
Tourist attractions Anjuna, Arambol, Basilica of Born Jesus, Se Cathedral 
Festivals Carnival, Feast of St. Francis Xavier, Shigmotsav, Bonderam Festival 
Major dance and 
music forms 
Shigmo dance, Manddo, Durpod 
Arts and crafts Terracotta or baked clay figurines, utensils etc; crochet tablecloths, 
curtains, covers, handkerchiefs; cane and bamboo fish traps, mats, 
baskets. 
Languages Konkani, Marathi 
Size 3,702 sq. km 
Population 
(Census 2011) 
1458545 
Rivers Mandovi, Zuari, Terekhol, Chapora, Sal, and others 
Forests and 
wildlife sanctuaries 
Bondla WS, Mollem NP, Dr Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary, Cotigoa WS, 
and many more 
State animal Gaur 
State bird Flame-throated bulbul 
State tree Coconut palm Cocos nucifera Matti Terminalia crenulata 
Major crops Paddy, ragi, maize, cashew 
Factoids Goa, Daman and Diu were liberated in 1961 and officially became a 
part of India in 1962. 
No. of District 2