Page 1
1
DU LLB PAPER
1. Read the passage and answer the question::
At the outset, it is important to recognize that positivism is not an exclusively jurisprudential
approach. Its central claim is the view that the only genuine knowledge is scientific knowledge
which emerges only from the positive confirmation of theory by the application of rigid scientific
methods. Its originator was the nineteenth-century thinker, Auguste Comte (generally regarded
as the founder of sociology) whose ideas influenced the so-called Vienna Circle of logical positivism
that developed in the early years of the twentieth century. Its members sought to combine
empiricism and rationalism. In the 1920s and 1930s the movement grew in importance and spread
to Britain and the United States. Its fundamental principles included an antagonism towards
metaphysics, particularly ontology and a priori propositions.
Legal positivism attempts to identify the key features of the legal system that are posited by
legislators, judges, and so on. Yet the theory has generated substantial misunderstanding. Indeed
the confusion is so acute that, in the view of at least one distinguished writer, the term 'legal
positivism ought to be abandoned altogether. It is, however, unlikely that, whatever the extent of
the ambiguity surrounding the phrase, it will cease being a central term of art in jurisprudence.
Having a clear idea of what it is the positivists say about law and how this differs from the other
views is therefore essential.
While, in general terms, it is fair to describe certain jurists as 'positivists (Bentham, Austin, Kelsen,
Raz, and Hart himself are most important), students are sometimes too quick to treat them as if
they belonged to a largely undifferentiated 'school' which adheres to certain general views about
the law. At a fairly high level of abstraction, this is not entirely inaccurate. But it is important to
recognize that not only do each of these writers pose different questions, but their method of
enquiry and general objectives are often as different as the features they share. If one were to
express the highest common factor among these writers it would probably be their emphasis on
describing law by reference to formal rather than moral criteria. In their pursuit of a scientific
analysis of law and legal rules, it is their contention that the law as laid down (positum) should be
kept separate for the purpose of study and analysis-from the law as it ought morally to be.
Q. 1. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the above passage?
(a) The Vienna Circle
(b) Sociology and law
(c) Moral criteria for law
(d) Legal positivism
Ans. d
Page 2
1
DU LLB PAPER
1. Read the passage and answer the question::
At the outset, it is important to recognize that positivism is not an exclusively jurisprudential
approach. Its central claim is the view that the only genuine knowledge is scientific knowledge
which emerges only from the positive confirmation of theory by the application of rigid scientific
methods. Its originator was the nineteenth-century thinker, Auguste Comte (generally regarded
as the founder of sociology) whose ideas influenced the so-called Vienna Circle of logical positivism
that developed in the early years of the twentieth century. Its members sought to combine
empiricism and rationalism. In the 1920s and 1930s the movement grew in importance and spread
to Britain and the United States. Its fundamental principles included an antagonism towards
metaphysics, particularly ontology and a priori propositions.
Legal positivism attempts to identify the key features of the legal system that are posited by
legislators, judges, and so on. Yet the theory has generated substantial misunderstanding. Indeed
the confusion is so acute that, in the view of at least one distinguished writer, the term 'legal
positivism ought to be abandoned altogether. It is, however, unlikely that, whatever the extent of
the ambiguity surrounding the phrase, it will cease being a central term of art in jurisprudence.
Having a clear idea of what it is the positivists say about law and how this differs from the other
views is therefore essential.
While, in general terms, it is fair to describe certain jurists as 'positivists (Bentham, Austin, Kelsen,
Raz, and Hart himself are most important), students are sometimes too quick to treat them as if
they belonged to a largely undifferentiated 'school' which adheres to certain general views about
the law. At a fairly high level of abstraction, this is not entirely inaccurate. But it is important to
recognize that not only do each of these writers pose different questions, but their method of
enquiry and general objectives are often as different as the features they share. If one were to
express the highest common factor among these writers it would probably be their emphasis on
describing law by reference to formal rather than moral criteria. In their pursuit of a scientific
analysis of law and legal rules, it is their contention that the law as laid down (positum) should be
kept separate for the purpose of study and analysis-from the law as it ought morally to be.
Q. 1. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the above passage?
(a) The Vienna Circle
(b) Sociology and law
(c) Moral criteria for law
(d) Legal positivism
Ans. d
MAANSAROVAR LAW CENTRE
2
Q. 2. According to the above passage the member of Vienna circle of logical positivism sought to
combine:
(a) Law and morals
(b) Empiricism and rationalism
(c) Scientific knowledge positive confirmation of theory
(d) Abstract notices and general views about the law
Ans. b
Q. 3. Which of the following is NOT a synonym for antagonism?
(a) rancor
(b) antipathy
(c) bonhomie
(d) gall
Ans. c
Q. 4. Which of the following is a synonym for ‘a priori’?
(a) Deductive
(b) Illogical
(c) Instinctive
(d) Categorical
Ans. a
Q. 5. According to the author of the above passage:
(a) ‘Legal positivism' will certainly cease being a central term of art in jurisprudence, and ought to
be abandoned altogether due to its neglect by legislators, judges and jurists
(b) As the theory has generated substantial misunderstanding about 'legal positivism’, it will most
likely cease being a central term of art in jurisprudence
(c) In spite of the ambiguity surrounding legal positivism, it is unlikely that it will cease being a
central term of art in jurisprudence.
(d) Though it is unlikely that 'legal positivism' will cease being a central term of art in jurisprudence
in the near future, the confusion is so acute that it is likely to be abandoned in the distant future.
Ans. c
Page 3
1
DU LLB PAPER
1. Read the passage and answer the question::
At the outset, it is important to recognize that positivism is not an exclusively jurisprudential
approach. Its central claim is the view that the only genuine knowledge is scientific knowledge
which emerges only from the positive confirmation of theory by the application of rigid scientific
methods. Its originator was the nineteenth-century thinker, Auguste Comte (generally regarded
as the founder of sociology) whose ideas influenced the so-called Vienna Circle of logical positivism
that developed in the early years of the twentieth century. Its members sought to combine
empiricism and rationalism. In the 1920s and 1930s the movement grew in importance and spread
to Britain and the United States. Its fundamental principles included an antagonism towards
metaphysics, particularly ontology and a priori propositions.
Legal positivism attempts to identify the key features of the legal system that are posited by
legislators, judges, and so on. Yet the theory has generated substantial misunderstanding. Indeed
the confusion is so acute that, in the view of at least one distinguished writer, the term 'legal
positivism ought to be abandoned altogether. It is, however, unlikely that, whatever the extent of
the ambiguity surrounding the phrase, it will cease being a central term of art in jurisprudence.
Having a clear idea of what it is the positivists say about law and how this differs from the other
views is therefore essential.
While, in general terms, it is fair to describe certain jurists as 'positivists (Bentham, Austin, Kelsen,
Raz, and Hart himself are most important), students are sometimes too quick to treat them as if
they belonged to a largely undifferentiated 'school' which adheres to certain general views about
the law. At a fairly high level of abstraction, this is not entirely inaccurate. But it is important to
recognize that not only do each of these writers pose different questions, but their method of
enquiry and general objectives are often as different as the features they share. If one were to
express the highest common factor among these writers it would probably be their emphasis on
describing law by reference to formal rather than moral criteria. In their pursuit of a scientific
analysis of law and legal rules, it is their contention that the law as laid down (positum) should be
kept separate for the purpose of study and analysis-from the law as it ought morally to be.
Q. 1. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the above passage?
(a) The Vienna Circle
(b) Sociology and law
(c) Moral criteria for law
(d) Legal positivism
Ans. d
MAANSAROVAR LAW CENTRE
2
Q. 2. According to the above passage the member of Vienna circle of logical positivism sought to
combine:
(a) Law and morals
(b) Empiricism and rationalism
(c) Scientific knowledge positive confirmation of theory
(d) Abstract notices and general views about the law
Ans. b
Q. 3. Which of the following is NOT a synonym for antagonism?
(a) rancor
(b) antipathy
(c) bonhomie
(d) gall
Ans. c
Q. 4. Which of the following is a synonym for ‘a priori’?
(a) Deductive
(b) Illogical
(c) Instinctive
(d) Categorical
Ans. a
Q. 5. According to the author of the above passage:
(a) ‘Legal positivism' will certainly cease being a central term of art in jurisprudence, and ought to
be abandoned altogether due to its neglect by legislators, judges and jurists
(b) As the theory has generated substantial misunderstanding about 'legal positivism’, it will most
likely cease being a central term of art in jurisprudence
(c) In spite of the ambiguity surrounding legal positivism, it is unlikely that it will cease being a
central term of art in jurisprudence.
(d) Though it is unlikely that 'legal positivism' will cease being a central term of art in jurisprudence
in the near future, the confusion is so acute that it is likely to be abandoned in the distant future.
Ans. c
MAANSAROVAR LAW CENTRE
3
Topic:- 66 L.L.B - B
Q. 6. What is the antonym for practical?
(a) Unpractical
(b) Impractical
(c) Inpractical
(d) Mispractical
Ans. Both a and b
Q. 7. Choose the correct meaning of the idiom let the cat out of the bag:
(a) To make the situation worse
(b) An event that happens infrequently
(c) To reveal a secret accidentally
(d) To do sometime badly
Ans. c
Q. 8. From the given options, choose the most logical order of sentences to form a paragraph:
(a) Ali's father began his life, like many a poet who walked the earth before him, with great
optimism.
(b) It was as if his only achievement was to have given him a grandson, an heir.
(c) What hurt him the most was how his father had virtually written him off.
(d) However, over the years, even a self-published collection of romantic couplets, financed by
Khan Sahib, could neither lift his spirits nor his fortunes.
Choose the correct answer from below mentioned options
(a) A, B, C, D
(b) D, C, B, A
(c) B, A, C, D
(d) A, D, C, B
Ans. d
Q. 9. Chose the correct option in line with the example
Fish: School
(a) Lion: Pride
(b) Raven: Heard
Page 4
1
DU LLB PAPER
1. Read the passage and answer the question::
At the outset, it is important to recognize that positivism is not an exclusively jurisprudential
approach. Its central claim is the view that the only genuine knowledge is scientific knowledge
which emerges only from the positive confirmation of theory by the application of rigid scientific
methods. Its originator was the nineteenth-century thinker, Auguste Comte (generally regarded
as the founder of sociology) whose ideas influenced the so-called Vienna Circle of logical positivism
that developed in the early years of the twentieth century. Its members sought to combine
empiricism and rationalism. In the 1920s and 1930s the movement grew in importance and spread
to Britain and the United States. Its fundamental principles included an antagonism towards
metaphysics, particularly ontology and a priori propositions.
Legal positivism attempts to identify the key features of the legal system that are posited by
legislators, judges, and so on. Yet the theory has generated substantial misunderstanding. Indeed
the confusion is so acute that, in the view of at least one distinguished writer, the term 'legal
positivism ought to be abandoned altogether. It is, however, unlikely that, whatever the extent of
the ambiguity surrounding the phrase, it will cease being a central term of art in jurisprudence.
Having a clear idea of what it is the positivists say about law and how this differs from the other
views is therefore essential.
While, in general terms, it is fair to describe certain jurists as 'positivists (Bentham, Austin, Kelsen,
Raz, and Hart himself are most important), students are sometimes too quick to treat them as if
they belonged to a largely undifferentiated 'school' which adheres to certain general views about
the law. At a fairly high level of abstraction, this is not entirely inaccurate. But it is important to
recognize that not only do each of these writers pose different questions, but their method of
enquiry and general objectives are often as different as the features they share. If one were to
express the highest common factor among these writers it would probably be their emphasis on
describing law by reference to formal rather than moral criteria. In their pursuit of a scientific
analysis of law and legal rules, it is their contention that the law as laid down (positum) should be
kept separate for the purpose of study and analysis-from the law as it ought morally to be.
Q. 1. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the above passage?
(a) The Vienna Circle
(b) Sociology and law
(c) Moral criteria for law
(d) Legal positivism
Ans. d
MAANSAROVAR LAW CENTRE
2
Q. 2. According to the above passage the member of Vienna circle of logical positivism sought to
combine:
(a) Law and morals
(b) Empiricism and rationalism
(c) Scientific knowledge positive confirmation of theory
(d) Abstract notices and general views about the law
Ans. b
Q. 3. Which of the following is NOT a synonym for antagonism?
(a) rancor
(b) antipathy
(c) bonhomie
(d) gall
Ans. c
Q. 4. Which of the following is a synonym for ‘a priori’?
(a) Deductive
(b) Illogical
(c) Instinctive
(d) Categorical
Ans. a
Q. 5. According to the author of the above passage:
(a) ‘Legal positivism' will certainly cease being a central term of art in jurisprudence, and ought to
be abandoned altogether due to its neglect by legislators, judges and jurists
(b) As the theory has generated substantial misunderstanding about 'legal positivism’, it will most
likely cease being a central term of art in jurisprudence
(c) In spite of the ambiguity surrounding legal positivism, it is unlikely that it will cease being a
central term of art in jurisprudence.
(d) Though it is unlikely that 'legal positivism' will cease being a central term of art in jurisprudence
in the near future, the confusion is so acute that it is likely to be abandoned in the distant future.
Ans. c
MAANSAROVAR LAW CENTRE
3
Topic:- 66 L.L.B - B
Q. 6. What is the antonym for practical?
(a) Unpractical
(b) Impractical
(c) Inpractical
(d) Mispractical
Ans. Both a and b
Q. 7. Choose the correct meaning of the idiom let the cat out of the bag:
(a) To make the situation worse
(b) An event that happens infrequently
(c) To reveal a secret accidentally
(d) To do sometime badly
Ans. c
Q. 8. From the given options, choose the most logical order of sentences to form a paragraph:
(a) Ali's father began his life, like many a poet who walked the earth before him, with great
optimism.
(b) It was as if his only achievement was to have given him a grandson, an heir.
(c) What hurt him the most was how his father had virtually written him off.
(d) However, over the years, even a self-published collection of romantic couplets, financed by
Khan Sahib, could neither lift his spirits nor his fortunes.
Choose the correct answer from below mentioned options
(a) A, B, C, D
(b) D, C, B, A
(c) B, A, C, D
(d) A, D, C, B
Ans. d
Q. 9. Chose the correct option in line with the example
Fish: School
(a) Lion: Pride
(b) Raven: Heard
MAANSAROVAR LAW CENTRE
4
(c) Dog: Terrier
(d) Goat: Zeal
Ans. a
Q. 10. Choose the antonym for harmonious:
(a) Sonorous
(b) Discordant
(c) Concordant
(d) Balanced
Ans. b
Q. 11. Chose the correct one word for the phrase - an office for which no salary is paid;
(a) Hospitality
(b) Gratitude
(c) Honorary
(d) Gratuity
Ans. c
Q. 12. Chose the correct meaning of the word ‘Inalienable’;
(a) Not capable of being transferred
(b) Anything that can be avoidable
(c) capable of being transferred
(d) Extremely unimportant
Ans. a
Q. 13. Chose the antonym for Conducive:
(a) Unimaginable
(b) Unfavourable
(c) Unaccountable
(d) Unclear
Ans. b
Page 5
1
DU LLB PAPER
1. Read the passage and answer the question::
At the outset, it is important to recognize that positivism is not an exclusively jurisprudential
approach. Its central claim is the view that the only genuine knowledge is scientific knowledge
which emerges only from the positive confirmation of theory by the application of rigid scientific
methods. Its originator was the nineteenth-century thinker, Auguste Comte (generally regarded
as the founder of sociology) whose ideas influenced the so-called Vienna Circle of logical positivism
that developed in the early years of the twentieth century. Its members sought to combine
empiricism and rationalism. In the 1920s and 1930s the movement grew in importance and spread
to Britain and the United States. Its fundamental principles included an antagonism towards
metaphysics, particularly ontology and a priori propositions.
Legal positivism attempts to identify the key features of the legal system that are posited by
legislators, judges, and so on. Yet the theory has generated substantial misunderstanding. Indeed
the confusion is so acute that, in the view of at least one distinguished writer, the term 'legal
positivism ought to be abandoned altogether. It is, however, unlikely that, whatever the extent of
the ambiguity surrounding the phrase, it will cease being a central term of art in jurisprudence.
Having a clear idea of what it is the positivists say about law and how this differs from the other
views is therefore essential.
While, in general terms, it is fair to describe certain jurists as 'positivists (Bentham, Austin, Kelsen,
Raz, and Hart himself are most important), students are sometimes too quick to treat them as if
they belonged to a largely undifferentiated 'school' which adheres to certain general views about
the law. At a fairly high level of abstraction, this is not entirely inaccurate. But it is important to
recognize that not only do each of these writers pose different questions, but their method of
enquiry and general objectives are often as different as the features they share. If one were to
express the highest common factor among these writers it would probably be their emphasis on
describing law by reference to formal rather than moral criteria. In their pursuit of a scientific
analysis of law and legal rules, it is their contention that the law as laid down (positum) should be
kept separate for the purpose of study and analysis-from the law as it ought morally to be.
Q. 1. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the above passage?
(a) The Vienna Circle
(b) Sociology and law
(c) Moral criteria for law
(d) Legal positivism
Ans. d
MAANSAROVAR LAW CENTRE
2
Q. 2. According to the above passage the member of Vienna circle of logical positivism sought to
combine:
(a) Law and morals
(b) Empiricism and rationalism
(c) Scientific knowledge positive confirmation of theory
(d) Abstract notices and general views about the law
Ans. b
Q. 3. Which of the following is NOT a synonym for antagonism?
(a) rancor
(b) antipathy
(c) bonhomie
(d) gall
Ans. c
Q. 4. Which of the following is a synonym for ‘a priori’?
(a) Deductive
(b) Illogical
(c) Instinctive
(d) Categorical
Ans. a
Q. 5. According to the author of the above passage:
(a) ‘Legal positivism' will certainly cease being a central term of art in jurisprudence, and ought to
be abandoned altogether due to its neglect by legislators, judges and jurists
(b) As the theory has generated substantial misunderstanding about 'legal positivism’, it will most
likely cease being a central term of art in jurisprudence
(c) In spite of the ambiguity surrounding legal positivism, it is unlikely that it will cease being a
central term of art in jurisprudence.
(d) Though it is unlikely that 'legal positivism' will cease being a central term of art in jurisprudence
in the near future, the confusion is so acute that it is likely to be abandoned in the distant future.
Ans. c
MAANSAROVAR LAW CENTRE
3
Topic:- 66 L.L.B - B
Q. 6. What is the antonym for practical?
(a) Unpractical
(b) Impractical
(c) Inpractical
(d) Mispractical
Ans. Both a and b
Q. 7. Choose the correct meaning of the idiom let the cat out of the bag:
(a) To make the situation worse
(b) An event that happens infrequently
(c) To reveal a secret accidentally
(d) To do sometime badly
Ans. c
Q. 8. From the given options, choose the most logical order of sentences to form a paragraph:
(a) Ali's father began his life, like many a poet who walked the earth before him, with great
optimism.
(b) It was as if his only achievement was to have given him a grandson, an heir.
(c) What hurt him the most was how his father had virtually written him off.
(d) However, over the years, even a self-published collection of romantic couplets, financed by
Khan Sahib, could neither lift his spirits nor his fortunes.
Choose the correct answer from below mentioned options
(a) A, B, C, D
(b) D, C, B, A
(c) B, A, C, D
(d) A, D, C, B
Ans. d
Q. 9. Chose the correct option in line with the example
Fish: School
(a) Lion: Pride
(b) Raven: Heard
MAANSAROVAR LAW CENTRE
4
(c) Dog: Terrier
(d) Goat: Zeal
Ans. a
Q. 10. Choose the antonym for harmonious:
(a) Sonorous
(b) Discordant
(c) Concordant
(d) Balanced
Ans. b
Q. 11. Chose the correct one word for the phrase - an office for which no salary is paid;
(a) Hospitality
(b) Gratitude
(c) Honorary
(d) Gratuity
Ans. c
Q. 12. Chose the correct meaning of the word ‘Inalienable’;
(a) Not capable of being transferred
(b) Anything that can be avoidable
(c) capable of being transferred
(d) Extremely unimportant
Ans. a
Q. 13. Chose the antonym for Conducive:
(a) Unimaginable
(b) Unfavourable
(c) Unaccountable
(d) Unclear
Ans. b
MAANSAROVAR LAW CENTRE
5
Q. 14. What does 'primogeniture' mean?
(a) piece of admissible evidence in court.
(b) Hearsay evidence.
(c) The system by which the eldest son inherits all of his parent's property.
(d) Formal accusation in a trial.
Ans. c
Q. 15. What is the meaning of the phrase “virtually set the stage”?
(a) To decrease in extent or quantity.
(b) To safekeep political secrets,
(c) To increase the interest of onlookers.
(d) To ensure the probability of occurrence of an event.
Ans. d
Q. 16. If A is to the south of B, C is to the east of B, then what direction is A with respect to C?
(a) North-east
(b) South-west
(c) North-west
(d) South-east
Ans. b
Q. 17. Payal earns double in the month of December as compared to the other months of the year.
What part of her entire year's earnings does she earns in December?
(a) 2/11
(b) 3/14
(c) 2/13
(d) 1/6
Ans. c
Q. 18. If in a certain code decry is written as WVXIB, then “praise” would be written as:
(a) KIZRHV
(b) KIBSTV
(c) KIZTHV
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