CBSE Textbook: Math for AI (Statistics & Probability) | Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Class 9 PDF Download

 Page 1


107 
 
Activity 1: 
Purpose: observing and analyzing the numbers & Find the pattern. 
? Find the missing number in the following series: 
2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, ? 
4, 10, 16, 22, 28, ? 
34, 31, 28, 25, 22, ? 
? If Year 1 Profit was INR 1000; Year 2 Profit was INR 1500; Year 3 Profit was INR 2000; Year 4 
Profit was INR 2500, can you predict the profit for Year 5? 
Ask the learners 
? “How did you solve these puzzles?” 
? “Was there any pattern that you recognized which could help you solve the puzzles?” 
Unit 3: Math for AI (Statistics & Probability) 
3.1 Importance of Math for AI 
 
Title: Math for AI Approach: Interactive Session + Activity 
Learning objectives: 
? Discuss the applications of Mathematics in AI. 
? To know the different mathematical concepts important for understanding AI? 
? How are statistics and probability used in different AI applications? 
Summary: In this chapter, Students are introduced to the mathematics required for designing an AI 
project. They will know about the essential mathematical concepts required to understand an AI 
project from the basics. They will be introduced to mathematical concepts of linear algebra, calculus, 
statistics, and probability through easy activities and examples. Learners will also be able to identify the 
use of statistics and probability in everyday life. 
Learning Outcomes: 
? Students will be able to understand the importance of mathematics in the field of AI. 
? Students will be able to identify the essential mathematical concepts required for the 
understanding of A 
? Students will be able to define statistics and probability and describe their applications in AI 
Pre-requisites: 
? Basic mathematical knowledge and analytical ability 
? Basic familiarity with AI 
Key- Concepts: 
? Important mathematical concepts in AI 
? Introduction to statistics and probability 
 
 
Page 2


107 
 
Activity 1: 
Purpose: observing and analyzing the numbers & Find the pattern. 
? Find the missing number in the following series: 
2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, ? 
4, 10, 16, 22, 28, ? 
34, 31, 28, 25, 22, ? 
? If Year 1 Profit was INR 1000; Year 2 Profit was INR 1500; Year 3 Profit was INR 2000; Year 4 
Profit was INR 2500, can you predict the profit for Year 5? 
Ask the learners 
? “How did you solve these puzzles?” 
? “Was there any pattern that you recognized which could help you solve the puzzles?” 
Unit 3: Math for AI (Statistics & Probability) 
3.1 Importance of Math for AI 
 
Title: Math for AI Approach: Interactive Session + Activity 
Learning objectives: 
? Discuss the applications of Mathematics in AI. 
? To know the different mathematical concepts important for understanding AI? 
? How are statistics and probability used in different AI applications? 
Summary: In this chapter, Students are introduced to the mathematics required for designing an AI 
project. They will know about the essential mathematical concepts required to understand an AI 
project from the basics. They will be introduced to mathematical concepts of linear algebra, calculus, 
statistics, and probability through easy activities and examples. Learners will also be able to identify the 
use of statistics and probability in everyday life. 
Learning Outcomes: 
? Students will be able to understand the importance of mathematics in the field of AI. 
? Students will be able to identify the essential mathematical concepts required for the 
understanding of A 
? Students will be able to define statistics and probability and describe their applications in AI 
Pre-requisites: 
? Basic mathematical knowledge and analytical ability 
? Basic familiarity with AI 
Key- Concepts: 
? Important mathematical concepts in AI 
? Introduction to statistics and probability 
 
 
108 
 
How are Math and AI related? 
Math is the study of patterns 
? To solve the puzzles, you identify an order/arrangement in the list of numbers or the images. 
? This arrangement is called a pattern. 
? These patterns exist all around us. 
? We have patterns in numbers, images, and language. 
 
Ask learners if they can identify any patterns around themselves. 
 
AI is a way to recognize patterns 
? AI can learn to recognize patterns, like human beings. 
? AI can see patterns in different types of data - numbers, images, and speech and text. 
? These patterns help AI to solve puzzles – like identifying dogs and muffins, or predicting 
hurricanes! 
Page 3


107 
 
Activity 1: 
Purpose: observing and analyzing the numbers & Find the pattern. 
? Find the missing number in the following series: 
2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, ? 
4, 10, 16, 22, 28, ? 
34, 31, 28, 25, 22, ? 
? If Year 1 Profit was INR 1000; Year 2 Profit was INR 1500; Year 3 Profit was INR 2000; Year 4 
Profit was INR 2500, can you predict the profit for Year 5? 
Ask the learners 
? “How did you solve these puzzles?” 
? “Was there any pattern that you recognized which could help you solve the puzzles?” 
Unit 3: Math for AI (Statistics & Probability) 
3.1 Importance of Math for AI 
 
Title: Math for AI Approach: Interactive Session + Activity 
Learning objectives: 
? Discuss the applications of Mathematics in AI. 
? To know the different mathematical concepts important for understanding AI? 
? How are statistics and probability used in different AI applications? 
Summary: In this chapter, Students are introduced to the mathematics required for designing an AI 
project. They will know about the essential mathematical concepts required to understand an AI 
project from the basics. They will be introduced to mathematical concepts of linear algebra, calculus, 
statistics, and probability through easy activities and examples. Learners will also be able to identify the 
use of statistics and probability in everyday life. 
Learning Outcomes: 
? Students will be able to understand the importance of mathematics in the field of AI. 
? Students will be able to identify the essential mathematical concepts required for the 
understanding of A 
? Students will be able to define statistics and probability and describe their applications in AI 
Pre-requisites: 
? Basic mathematical knowledge and analytical ability 
? Basic familiarity with AI 
Key- Concepts: 
? Important mathematical concepts in AI 
? Introduction to statistics and probability 
 
 
108 
 
How are Math and AI related? 
Math is the study of patterns 
? To solve the puzzles, you identify an order/arrangement in the list of numbers or the images. 
? This arrangement is called a pattern. 
? These patterns exist all around us. 
? We have patterns in numbers, images, and language. 
 
Ask learners if they can identify any patterns around themselves. 
 
AI is a way to recognize patterns 
? AI can learn to recognize patterns, like human beings. 
? AI can see patterns in different types of data - numbers, images, and speech and text. 
? These patterns help AI to solve puzzles – like identifying dogs and muffins, or predicting 
hurricanes! 
109 
 
Activity 3: 
Purpose: To find connections between sets of images and using that to solve problems, think smartly, 
and grasp tricky ideas. 
 
Complete the sequence in the left column by identifying the 
correct missing piece in the right column out of A or B. 
 
Hence, 
? Math is the study of patterns 
? AI is a way to recognize patterns in order to take decisions 
? AI needs Math to study and recognize patterns in order to take decisions 
Can you identify any pattern in the image given below? 
 
 
 
Understanding math will help us to better understand AI and its way of working, but what kind of math 
is needed for AI? 
Let us take a look! 
Say “Just like we can recognize patterns in numbers, words, pictures, etc., AI can also recognize 
similar patterns.” 
Page 4


107 
 
Activity 1: 
Purpose: observing and analyzing the numbers & Find the pattern. 
? Find the missing number in the following series: 
2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, ? 
4, 10, 16, 22, 28, ? 
34, 31, 28, 25, 22, ? 
? If Year 1 Profit was INR 1000; Year 2 Profit was INR 1500; Year 3 Profit was INR 2000; Year 4 
Profit was INR 2500, can you predict the profit for Year 5? 
Ask the learners 
? “How did you solve these puzzles?” 
? “Was there any pattern that you recognized which could help you solve the puzzles?” 
Unit 3: Math for AI (Statistics & Probability) 
3.1 Importance of Math for AI 
 
Title: Math for AI Approach: Interactive Session + Activity 
Learning objectives: 
? Discuss the applications of Mathematics in AI. 
? To know the different mathematical concepts important for understanding AI? 
? How are statistics and probability used in different AI applications? 
Summary: In this chapter, Students are introduced to the mathematics required for designing an AI 
project. They will know about the essential mathematical concepts required to understand an AI 
project from the basics. They will be introduced to mathematical concepts of linear algebra, calculus, 
statistics, and probability through easy activities and examples. Learners will also be able to identify the 
use of statistics and probability in everyday life. 
Learning Outcomes: 
? Students will be able to understand the importance of mathematics in the field of AI. 
? Students will be able to identify the essential mathematical concepts required for the 
understanding of A 
? Students will be able to define statistics and probability and describe their applications in AI 
Pre-requisites: 
? Basic mathematical knowledge and analytical ability 
? Basic familiarity with AI 
Key- Concepts: 
? Important mathematical concepts in AI 
? Introduction to statistics and probability 
 
 
108 
 
How are Math and AI related? 
Math is the study of patterns 
? To solve the puzzles, you identify an order/arrangement in the list of numbers or the images. 
? This arrangement is called a pattern. 
? These patterns exist all around us. 
? We have patterns in numbers, images, and language. 
 
Ask learners if they can identify any patterns around themselves. 
 
AI is a way to recognize patterns 
? AI can learn to recognize patterns, like human beings. 
? AI can see patterns in different types of data - numbers, images, and speech and text. 
? These patterns help AI to solve puzzles – like identifying dogs and muffins, or predicting 
hurricanes! 
109 
 
Activity 3: 
Purpose: To find connections between sets of images and using that to solve problems, think smartly, 
and grasp tricky ideas. 
 
Complete the sequence in the left column by identifying the 
correct missing piece in the right column out of A or B. 
 
Hence, 
? Math is the study of patterns 
? AI is a way to recognize patterns in order to take decisions 
? AI needs Math to study and recognize patterns in order to take decisions 
Can you identify any pattern in the image given below? 
 
 
 
Understanding math will help us to better understand AI and its way of working, but what kind of math 
is needed for AI? 
Let us take a look! 
Say “Just like we can recognize patterns in numbers, words, pictures, etc., AI can also recognize 
similar patterns.” 
110 
 
Essential Mathematics for AI 
 
Let’s think and answer the following questions: 
? 11, 22, 33, 44, 55 – Can you find out the middle value from the given numbers? 
 
 
? In the given figure, which of the two lines is more slanted? Line 1 or Line 2? 
 
 
 
 
? A has 2 plants, B has 3 plants, C has 1 plant, D has 7 plants. How many plants are there in total? 
 
 
 
? If the coin shown in the figure below is used for a toss, what can be the possible result? 
 
Just like us, AI can also solve 4 type of problems using Math. 
Page 5


107 
 
Activity 1: 
Purpose: observing and analyzing the numbers & Find the pattern. 
? Find the missing number in the following series: 
2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, ? 
4, 10, 16, 22, 28, ? 
34, 31, 28, 25, 22, ? 
? If Year 1 Profit was INR 1000; Year 2 Profit was INR 1500; Year 3 Profit was INR 2000; Year 4 
Profit was INR 2500, can you predict the profit for Year 5? 
Ask the learners 
? “How did you solve these puzzles?” 
? “Was there any pattern that you recognized which could help you solve the puzzles?” 
Unit 3: Math for AI (Statistics & Probability) 
3.1 Importance of Math for AI 
 
Title: Math for AI Approach: Interactive Session + Activity 
Learning objectives: 
? Discuss the applications of Mathematics in AI. 
? To know the different mathematical concepts important for understanding AI? 
? How are statistics and probability used in different AI applications? 
Summary: In this chapter, Students are introduced to the mathematics required for designing an AI 
project. They will know about the essential mathematical concepts required to understand an AI 
project from the basics. They will be introduced to mathematical concepts of linear algebra, calculus, 
statistics, and probability through easy activities and examples. Learners will also be able to identify the 
use of statistics and probability in everyday life. 
Learning Outcomes: 
? Students will be able to understand the importance of mathematics in the field of AI. 
? Students will be able to identify the essential mathematical concepts required for the 
understanding of A 
? Students will be able to define statistics and probability and describe their applications in AI 
Pre-requisites: 
? Basic mathematical knowledge and analytical ability 
? Basic familiarity with AI 
Key- Concepts: 
? Important mathematical concepts in AI 
? Introduction to statistics and probability 
 
 
108 
 
How are Math and AI related? 
Math is the study of patterns 
? To solve the puzzles, you identify an order/arrangement in the list of numbers or the images. 
? This arrangement is called a pattern. 
? These patterns exist all around us. 
? We have patterns in numbers, images, and language. 
 
Ask learners if they can identify any patterns around themselves. 
 
AI is a way to recognize patterns 
? AI can learn to recognize patterns, like human beings. 
? AI can see patterns in different types of data - numbers, images, and speech and text. 
? These patterns help AI to solve puzzles – like identifying dogs and muffins, or predicting 
hurricanes! 
109 
 
Activity 3: 
Purpose: To find connections between sets of images and using that to solve problems, think smartly, 
and grasp tricky ideas. 
 
Complete the sequence in the left column by identifying the 
correct missing piece in the right column out of A or B. 
 
Hence, 
? Math is the study of patterns 
? AI is a way to recognize patterns in order to take decisions 
? AI needs Math to study and recognize patterns in order to take decisions 
Can you identify any pattern in the image given below? 
 
 
 
Understanding math will help us to better understand AI and its way of working, but what kind of math 
is needed for AI? 
Let us take a look! 
Say “Just like we can recognize patterns in numbers, words, pictures, etc., AI can also recognize 
similar patterns.” 
110 
 
Essential Mathematics for AI 
 
Let’s think and answer the following questions: 
? 11, 22, 33, 44, 55 – Can you find out the middle value from the given numbers? 
 
 
? In the given figure, which of the two lines is more slanted? Line 1 or Line 2? 
 
 
 
 
? A has 2 plants, B has 3 plants, C has 1 plant, D has 7 plants. How many plants are there in total? 
 
 
 
? If the coin shown in the figure below is used for a toss, what can be the possible result? 
 
Just like us, AI can also solve 4 type of problems using Math. 
111 
 
Ask learners to answer some or all of these questions as an assignment. Meanwhile, take dummy 
numbers and walk the learners through the questions. 
? Can you find out the total weight of your family members? 
? Can you find out the total number of students in your school? 
? Can you find out the maximum temperature in your city during the last month? 
Activity 4: 
Purpose: Uses of Statistics in real life. 
Write any two applications of Statistics in real life. 
AI uses Math for: 
? Statistics (Exploring data): Example – What is the middle value of the data? Which is the most 
common value in the data? 
? Calculus (training and improving AI model): Example – which line is more slanted? Which figure 
covers more area? 
? Linear Algebra (finding out unknown or missing values): Example – How many plants are there 
in total? How many cars are there in a city? 
? Probability (predicting different events): Example – what will be the possible results of a coin 
toss? Will it rain tomorrow? 
3.2 Statistics 
 
Definition of Statistics:” Statistics is used for collecting, exploring, and analyzing the data. It also helps 
in drawing conclusions from data.” 
? Data is collected from various sources. 
? Data is explored and cleaned to be used. 
? Analysis of data is done to understand it better. 
? Conclusions and decisions can be made from the data. 
Applications of Statistics: 
? Predict the performance of sports teams 
? It can be used to find out specific things such as: 
o the reading level of students 
o the opinions of voters 
o the average weight of a city’s resident 
 
Some more applications of Statistics 
Disaster Management 
? Authorities use statistics to alert the citizens residing in places that might be affected by a natural 
disaster in near future.