PPT: Municipalities in India | Indian Polity for UPSC CSE PDF Download

 Page 1


Municipalities in India
Page 2


Municipalities in India
Introduction to Urban Local Government
1
Definition
Governance of urban areas by elected 
representatives, with jurisdiction limited to areas 
demarcated by state government.
2
Types
Includes Municipal Corporation, Municipality, Notified 
Area Committee, Town Area Committee, Cantonment 
Board, Township, Port Trust, and Special Purpose 
Agency.
3
Constitutional Status
Constitutionalized through the 74th Amendment Act 
of 1992, a landmark for urban governance.
4
Central Management
Managed by the Ministry of Housing and Urban 
Affairs, Defence (cantonment boards), and Home 
Affairs (Union Territories).
Page 3


Municipalities in India
Introduction to Urban Local Government
1
Definition
Governance of urban areas by elected 
representatives, with jurisdiction limited to areas 
demarcated by state government.
2
Types
Includes Municipal Corporation, Municipality, Notified 
Area Committee, Town Area Committee, Cantonment 
Board, Township, Port Trust, and Special Purpose 
Agency.
3
Constitutional Status
Constitutionalized through the 74th Amendment Act 
of 1992, a landmark for urban governance.
4
Central Management
Managed by the Ministry of Housing and Urban 
Affairs, Defence (cantonment boards), and Home 
Affairs (Union Territories).
Evolution of Urban Bodies in India
1
1688
The first municipal corporation was established in Madras, with the Charter issued on 30th December 1687 and the 
corporation coming into existence on 29th September 1688.
2
1726
Municipal corporations were established in Bombay and Calcutta, expanding urban governance in major colonial 
settlements.
3
1870-1882
Lord Mayo's Resolution focused on financial decentralization, while Lord Ripon's Resolution became the 'Magna Carta' of 
local self-government, earning him the title of father of local self-government in India.
4
1907-1935
The Royal Commission on decentralization was appointed, followed by the Government of India Acts which progressively 
transferred local self-government to Indian control.
Page 4


Municipalities in India
Introduction to Urban Local Government
1
Definition
Governance of urban areas by elected 
representatives, with jurisdiction limited to areas 
demarcated by state government.
2
Types
Includes Municipal Corporation, Municipality, Notified 
Area Committee, Town Area Committee, Cantonment 
Board, Township, Port Trust, and Special Purpose 
Agency.
3
Constitutional Status
Constitutionalized through the 74th Amendment Act 
of 1992, a landmark for urban governance.
4
Central Management
Managed by the Ministry of Housing and Urban 
Affairs, Defence (cantonment boards), and Home 
Affairs (Union Territories).
Evolution of Urban Bodies in India
1
1688
The first municipal corporation was established in Madras, with the Charter issued on 30th December 1687 and the 
corporation coming into existence on 29th September 1688.
2
1726
Municipal corporations were established in Bombay and Calcutta, expanding urban governance in major colonial 
settlements.
3
1870-1882
Lord Mayo's Resolution focused on financial decentralization, while Lord Ripon's Resolution became the 'Magna Carta' of 
local self-government, earning him the title of father of local self-government in India.
4
1907-1935
The Royal Commission on decentralization was appointed, followed by the Government of India Acts which progressively 
transferred local self-government to Indian control.
Committees and Commissions 
Central Government 
Initiatives
The Central Government 
has appointed various 
committees and 
commissions to enhance 
the performance of urban 
local governments 
throughout India's 
independent history.
Policy 
Recommendations
These committees have 
provided valuable 
recommendations on 
urban planning, municipal 
finances, service delivery, 
and administrative reforms 
to strengthen local 
governance.
Implementation 
Framework
The commissions have 
helped establish 
frameworks for 
implementing urban 
development programmes, 
ensuring better 
coordination between 
central, state and local 
bodies.
Page 5


Municipalities in India
Introduction to Urban Local Government
1
Definition
Governance of urban areas by elected 
representatives, with jurisdiction limited to areas 
demarcated by state government.
2
Types
Includes Municipal Corporation, Municipality, Notified 
Area Committee, Town Area Committee, Cantonment 
Board, Township, Port Trust, and Special Purpose 
Agency.
3
Constitutional Status
Constitutionalized through the 74th Amendment Act 
of 1992, a landmark for urban governance.
4
Central Management
Managed by the Ministry of Housing and Urban 
Affairs, Defence (cantonment boards), and Home 
Affairs (Union Territories).
Evolution of Urban Bodies in India
1
1688
The first municipal corporation was established in Madras, with the Charter issued on 30th December 1687 and the 
corporation coming into existence on 29th September 1688.
2
1726
Municipal corporations were established in Bombay and Calcutta, expanding urban governance in major colonial 
settlements.
3
1870-1882
Lord Mayo's Resolution focused on financial decentralization, while Lord Ripon's Resolution became the 'Magna Carta' of 
local self-government, earning him the title of father of local self-government in India.
4
1907-1935
The Royal Commission on decentralization was appointed, followed by the Government of India Acts which progressively 
transferred local self-government to Indian control.
Committees and Commissions 
Central Government 
Initiatives
The Central Government 
has appointed various 
committees and 
commissions to enhance 
the performance of urban 
local governments 
throughout India's 
independent history.
Policy 
Recommendations
These committees have 
provided valuable 
recommendations on 
urban planning, municipal 
finances, service delivery, 
and administrative reforms 
to strengthen local 
governance.
Implementation 
Framework
The commissions have 
helped establish 
frameworks for 
implementing urban 
development programmes, 
ensuring better 
coordination between 
central, state and local 
bodies.
C¿±ÿcucecu¿±a?uÿacu¿± 
1
Ra?ul Ga±dhu G¿leñ±«e±c (1989)
In August 1989, the Rajiv Gandhi government introduced the 65th Constitutional Amendment Bill (Nagarpalika Bill) 
in the Lok Sabha, aiming to give constitutional status to municipal bodies. Despite passing in the Lok Sabha, it was 
defeated in the Rajya Sabha in October 1989, leading to its lapse.
2
V .P . Su±gh G¿leñ±«e±c (1990)
The National Front Government, led by V.P. Singh, reintroduced the revised Nagarpalika Bill in the Lok Sabha in 
September 1990. Unfortunately, the bill did not pass and eventually lapsed due to the dissolution of the Lok Sabha.
3
Nañaÿu«ha Ra¿ G¿leñ±«e±c (1991-1993)
The P.V. Narasimha Rao Government presented the modified Municipalities Bill in the Lok Sabha in September 
1991. This bill successfully transformed into the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1992, coming into effect on 
June 1, 1993.