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 Page 1


   
B U D G E T A T A G L A N C E 
2 0 2 5 - 2 0 2 6 
-
-
 
 
/
-
 
 
-
 
 -
-
-
-
 
  Budget at a Glance presents broad 
aggregates of the Budget for easy understanding. 
This document shows receipts and expenditure as 
well as the Fiscal Deficit (FD), Revenue Deficit 
(RD), Effective Revenue Deficit (ERD) and the 
Primary Deficit (PD) of the Government of India. It 
gives an illustrative account of sources of receipts 
and expenditure through graphs and info-graphics. 
In addition, the document contains details of 
resources transferred to the States and UTs with 
Legislature, extracts of allocations for programme 
and schemes, sources of deficit financing, etc. 
 
2. Fiscal Deficit (FD) is the difference between 
total expenditure and total receipts (excluding Debt 
Capital Receipts). FD is reflective of the total 
borrowing requirement of Government. Revenue 
Deficit refers to the excess of revenue expenditure 
over revenue receipts. Effective Revenue Deficit is 
the difference between Revenue Deficit and Grants-
in-Aid for Creation of Capital Assets. Primary 
Deficit is measured as Fiscal Deficit less interest 
payments. Effective Capital Expenditure (Eff-
Capex) refers to the sum of Capital Expenditure and 
Grants-in-Aid for Creation of Capital Assets.  
 
3. The receipts and expenditure depicted in this 
document are net of receipts and recoveries as 
explained in the reconciliation statements provided 
in the Receipt Budget (Annex-3) and Expenditure 
Profile Document (Statement No. 17). 
 
4. In Revised Estimates (RE) 2024-25, the total 
Against this, total expenditure in the Actuals for FY 
2023-
2024-
FY 2023-24. 
 
Page 2


   
B U D G E T A T A G L A N C E 
2 0 2 5 - 2 0 2 6 
-
-
 
 
/
-
 
 
-
 
 -
-
-
-
 
  Budget at a Glance presents broad 
aggregates of the Budget for easy understanding. 
This document shows receipts and expenditure as 
well as the Fiscal Deficit (FD), Revenue Deficit 
(RD), Effective Revenue Deficit (ERD) and the 
Primary Deficit (PD) of the Government of India. It 
gives an illustrative account of sources of receipts 
and expenditure through graphs and info-graphics. 
In addition, the document contains details of 
resources transferred to the States and UTs with 
Legislature, extracts of allocations for programme 
and schemes, sources of deficit financing, etc. 
 
2. Fiscal Deficit (FD) is the difference between 
total expenditure and total receipts (excluding Debt 
Capital Receipts). FD is reflective of the total 
borrowing requirement of Government. Revenue 
Deficit refers to the excess of revenue expenditure 
over revenue receipts. Effective Revenue Deficit is 
the difference between Revenue Deficit and Grants-
in-Aid for Creation of Capital Assets. Primary 
Deficit is measured as Fiscal Deficit less interest 
payments. Effective Capital Expenditure (Eff-
Capex) refers to the sum of Capital Expenditure and 
Grants-in-Aid for Creation of Capital Assets.  
 
3. The receipts and expenditure depicted in this 
document are net of receipts and recoveries as 
explained in the reconciliation statements provided 
in the Receipt Budget (Annex-3) and Expenditure 
Profile Document (Statement No. 17). 
 
4. In Revised Estimates (RE) 2024-25, the total 
Against this, total expenditure in the Actuals for FY 
2023-
2024-
FY 2023-24. 
 ii 
 -
 
 -
-
 
5. The total expenditure in Budget Estimates 
(BE) 2025-
crore.  
 
6. Total resources being transferred to the 
Grants/Loans and releases under Centrally 
Sponsored Schemes, etc. in BE 2025-26 is 
-24. 
 
 
Page 3


   
B U D G E T A T A G L A N C E 
2 0 2 5 - 2 0 2 6 
-
-
 
 
/
-
 
 
-
 
 -
-
-
-
 
  Budget at a Glance presents broad 
aggregates of the Budget for easy understanding. 
This document shows receipts and expenditure as 
well as the Fiscal Deficit (FD), Revenue Deficit 
(RD), Effective Revenue Deficit (ERD) and the 
Primary Deficit (PD) of the Government of India. It 
gives an illustrative account of sources of receipts 
and expenditure through graphs and info-graphics. 
In addition, the document contains details of 
resources transferred to the States and UTs with 
Legislature, extracts of allocations for programme 
and schemes, sources of deficit financing, etc. 
 
2. Fiscal Deficit (FD) is the difference between 
total expenditure and total receipts (excluding Debt 
Capital Receipts). FD is reflective of the total 
borrowing requirement of Government. Revenue 
Deficit refers to the excess of revenue expenditure 
over revenue receipts. Effective Revenue Deficit is 
the difference between Revenue Deficit and Grants-
in-Aid for Creation of Capital Assets. Primary 
Deficit is measured as Fiscal Deficit less interest 
payments. Effective Capital Expenditure (Eff-
Capex) refers to the sum of Capital Expenditure and 
Grants-in-Aid for Creation of Capital Assets.  
 
3. The receipts and expenditure depicted in this 
document are net of receipts and recoveries as 
explained in the reconciliation statements provided 
in the Receipt Budget (Annex-3) and Expenditure 
Profile Document (Statement No. 17). 
 
4. In Revised Estimates (RE) 2024-25, the total 
Against this, total expenditure in the Actuals for FY 
2023-
2024-
FY 2023-24. 
 ii 
 -
 
 -
-
 
5. The total expenditure in Budget Estimates 
(BE) 2025-
crore.  
 
6. Total resources being transferred to the 
Grants/Loans and releases under Centrally 
Sponsored Schemes, etc. in BE 2025-26 is 
-24. 
 
 
1 
  Budget at a Glance 
 
   2023-2024 
  
 
Actuals 
2024-2025 
 
 
Budget  
Estimates 
2024-2025 
 
 
Revised  
Estimates 
2025-2026 
 
 
Budget  
Estimates 
1.   1. Revenue Receipts 2729036 3129200 3087960 3420409 
2.   
   
    2. Tax Revenue (Net to   
        Centre) 
1
 
2327251 2583499 2556960 2837409 
3.        3. Non-Tax Revenue 401785 545701 531000 583000 
      
    
4.  4. Capital Receipts 1714411 1691312 1628527 1644936 
5.       5. Recovery of Loans 26646 28000 26000 29000 
6.         6. Other Receipts 33122 50000 33000 47000 
7.       7. Borrowings and Other 
Liabilities 
2
 
1654643 1613312 1569527 1568936 
      
    
8. 1+4) 8. Total Receipts (1+4) 4443447 4820512 4716487 5065345 
 
      
    
9. 10+13)  9. Total Expenditure  
    (10+13) 
4443447 4820512 4716487 5065345 
10.    
  
    10. On Revenue  
          Account 
3494252 3709401 3698058 3944255 
 
             of which 
    
11.       11. Interest Payments 1063872 1162940 1137940 1276338 
12.   
   
    12. Grants in Aid for 
creation of Capital 
Assets 
303916 390778 299891 427192 
 
13.       13. On Capital  
          Account 
949195 1111111 1018429 1121090 
14. 
 12+13) 
14. Effective Capital 
Expenditure (12+13) 
1253111 1501889 1318320 1548282 
 
15.  (10-1)  15. Revenue Deficit  765216 580201 610098 523846 
 
       (10-1) (2.6) (1.8) (1.9) (1.5) 
16.   
 (15-12) 
 16. Effective Revenue  
       Deficit (15-12) 
461300 
(1.6) 
189423 
(0.6) 
310207 
(1.0) 
96654 
(0.3) 
17.  
 [9-(1+5+6)] 
 17. Fiscal Deficit  
        [9-(1+5+6)] 
1654643 
(5.6) 
1613312 
(4.9) 
1569527 
(4.8) 
1568936 
(4.4) 
18. (17-11)  18. Primary Deficit  590771 450372 431587 292598 
 
       (17-11) (2.0) (1.4) (1.3) (0.8) 
1
 
4- 5 `12764 
          
 : 
(i) 202 -
4-
5
% 
(ii)   -      
 
(iii)             
     1  
RE 2024-
payable by Centre to the States for prior years.  
      2   
Includes drawdown of Cash Balance.
 
Notes: 
(i) The GDP for FY 2025-26 is estimated at ,923 crore, 
which is 10.1% over the Revised Estimates for FY 2024-25 of 
 
 
(ii) Individual items in this document may not sum up to the totals 
due to rounding off. 
(iii) Figures in parentheses are as a percentage of GDP. 
Page 4


   
B U D G E T A T A G L A N C E 
2 0 2 5 - 2 0 2 6 
-
-
 
 
/
-
 
 
-
 
 -
-
-
-
 
  Budget at a Glance presents broad 
aggregates of the Budget for easy understanding. 
This document shows receipts and expenditure as 
well as the Fiscal Deficit (FD), Revenue Deficit 
(RD), Effective Revenue Deficit (ERD) and the 
Primary Deficit (PD) of the Government of India. It 
gives an illustrative account of sources of receipts 
and expenditure through graphs and info-graphics. 
In addition, the document contains details of 
resources transferred to the States and UTs with 
Legislature, extracts of allocations for programme 
and schemes, sources of deficit financing, etc. 
 
2. Fiscal Deficit (FD) is the difference between 
total expenditure and total receipts (excluding Debt 
Capital Receipts). FD is reflective of the total 
borrowing requirement of Government. Revenue 
Deficit refers to the excess of revenue expenditure 
over revenue receipts. Effective Revenue Deficit is 
the difference between Revenue Deficit and Grants-
in-Aid for Creation of Capital Assets. Primary 
Deficit is measured as Fiscal Deficit less interest 
payments. Effective Capital Expenditure (Eff-
Capex) refers to the sum of Capital Expenditure and 
Grants-in-Aid for Creation of Capital Assets.  
 
3. The receipts and expenditure depicted in this 
document are net of receipts and recoveries as 
explained in the reconciliation statements provided 
in the Receipt Budget (Annex-3) and Expenditure 
Profile Document (Statement No. 17). 
 
4. In Revised Estimates (RE) 2024-25, the total 
Against this, total expenditure in the Actuals for FY 
2023-
2024-
FY 2023-24. 
 ii 
 -
 
 -
-
 
5. The total expenditure in Budget Estimates 
(BE) 2025-
crore.  
 
6. Total resources being transferred to the 
Grants/Loans and releases under Centrally 
Sponsored Schemes, etc. in BE 2025-26 is 
-24. 
 
 
1 
  Budget at a Glance 
 
   2023-2024 
  
 
Actuals 
2024-2025 
 
 
Budget  
Estimates 
2024-2025 
 
 
Revised  
Estimates 
2025-2026 
 
 
Budget  
Estimates 
1.   1. Revenue Receipts 2729036 3129200 3087960 3420409 
2.   
   
    2. Tax Revenue (Net to   
        Centre) 
1
 
2327251 2583499 2556960 2837409 
3.        3. Non-Tax Revenue 401785 545701 531000 583000 
      
    
4.  4. Capital Receipts 1714411 1691312 1628527 1644936 
5.       5. Recovery of Loans 26646 28000 26000 29000 
6.         6. Other Receipts 33122 50000 33000 47000 
7.       7. Borrowings and Other 
Liabilities 
2
 
1654643 1613312 1569527 1568936 
      
    
8. 1+4) 8. Total Receipts (1+4) 4443447 4820512 4716487 5065345 
 
      
    
9. 10+13)  9. Total Expenditure  
    (10+13) 
4443447 4820512 4716487 5065345 
10.    
  
    10. On Revenue  
          Account 
3494252 3709401 3698058 3944255 
 
             of which 
    
11.       11. Interest Payments 1063872 1162940 1137940 1276338 
12.   
   
    12. Grants in Aid for 
creation of Capital 
Assets 
303916 390778 299891 427192 
 
13.       13. On Capital  
          Account 
949195 1111111 1018429 1121090 
14. 
 12+13) 
14. Effective Capital 
Expenditure (12+13) 
1253111 1501889 1318320 1548282 
 
15.  (10-1)  15. Revenue Deficit  765216 580201 610098 523846 
 
       (10-1) (2.6) (1.8) (1.9) (1.5) 
16.   
 (15-12) 
 16. Effective Revenue  
       Deficit (15-12) 
461300 
(1.6) 
189423 
(0.6) 
310207 
(1.0) 
96654 
(0.3) 
17.  
 [9-(1+5+6)] 
 17. Fiscal Deficit  
        [9-(1+5+6)] 
1654643 
(5.6) 
1613312 
(4.9) 
1569527 
(4.8) 
1568936 
(4.4) 
18. (17-11)  18. Primary Deficit  590771 450372 431587 292598 
 
       (17-11) (2.0) (1.4) (1.3) (0.8) 
1
 
4- 5 `12764 
          
 : 
(i) 202 -
4-
5
% 
(ii)   -      
 
(iii)             
     1  
RE 2024-
payable by Centre to the States for prior years.  
      2   
Includes drawdown of Cash Balance.
 
Notes: 
(i) The GDP for FY 2025-26 is estimated at ,923 crore, 
which is 10.1% over the Revised Estimates for FY 2024-25 of 
 
 
(ii) Individual items in this document may not sum up to the totals 
due to rounding off. 
(iii) Figures in parentheses are as a percentage of GDP. 
2 
Rupee Comes From 
( Budget 2025-26) 
 
:- 
  
 *  
Notes:-  1. Total receipts are inclusive of States' share of taxes and duties which have been netted in the table on page 1. 
 2. Figures have been rounded off. 
 *  Income tax includes Securities Transaction Tax. 
Corporation-tax, 17
Income Tax *, 22
Customs, 4
Union Excise 
Duties, 5
Goods & Services 
Tax & Other Taxes, 
18
Non-tax receipts, 9
Non-debt Capital 
receipts, 1
Borrowings & 
Other liabilities, 24
Budget ( 4-25) 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
Budget ( 5-26) 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
17
19
4
5
18
9
1
27
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
Page 5


   
B U D G E T A T A G L A N C E 
2 0 2 5 - 2 0 2 6 
-
-
 
 
/
-
 
 
-
 
 -
-
-
-
 
  Budget at a Glance presents broad 
aggregates of the Budget for easy understanding. 
This document shows receipts and expenditure as 
well as the Fiscal Deficit (FD), Revenue Deficit 
(RD), Effective Revenue Deficit (ERD) and the 
Primary Deficit (PD) of the Government of India. It 
gives an illustrative account of sources of receipts 
and expenditure through graphs and info-graphics. 
In addition, the document contains details of 
resources transferred to the States and UTs with 
Legislature, extracts of allocations for programme 
and schemes, sources of deficit financing, etc. 
 
2. Fiscal Deficit (FD) is the difference between 
total expenditure and total receipts (excluding Debt 
Capital Receipts). FD is reflective of the total 
borrowing requirement of Government. Revenue 
Deficit refers to the excess of revenue expenditure 
over revenue receipts. Effective Revenue Deficit is 
the difference between Revenue Deficit and Grants-
in-Aid for Creation of Capital Assets. Primary 
Deficit is measured as Fiscal Deficit less interest 
payments. Effective Capital Expenditure (Eff-
Capex) refers to the sum of Capital Expenditure and 
Grants-in-Aid for Creation of Capital Assets.  
 
3. The receipts and expenditure depicted in this 
document are net of receipts and recoveries as 
explained in the reconciliation statements provided 
in the Receipt Budget (Annex-3) and Expenditure 
Profile Document (Statement No. 17). 
 
4. In Revised Estimates (RE) 2024-25, the total 
Against this, total expenditure in the Actuals for FY 
2023-
2024-
FY 2023-24. 
 ii 
 -
 
 -
-
 
5. The total expenditure in Budget Estimates 
(BE) 2025-
crore.  
 
6. Total resources being transferred to the 
Grants/Loans and releases under Centrally 
Sponsored Schemes, etc. in BE 2025-26 is 
-24. 
 
 
1 
  Budget at a Glance 
 
   2023-2024 
  
 
Actuals 
2024-2025 
 
 
Budget  
Estimates 
2024-2025 
 
 
Revised  
Estimates 
2025-2026 
 
 
Budget  
Estimates 
1.   1. Revenue Receipts 2729036 3129200 3087960 3420409 
2.   
   
    2. Tax Revenue (Net to   
        Centre) 
1
 
2327251 2583499 2556960 2837409 
3.        3. Non-Tax Revenue 401785 545701 531000 583000 
      
    
4.  4. Capital Receipts 1714411 1691312 1628527 1644936 
5.       5. Recovery of Loans 26646 28000 26000 29000 
6.         6. Other Receipts 33122 50000 33000 47000 
7.       7. Borrowings and Other 
Liabilities 
2
 
1654643 1613312 1569527 1568936 
      
    
8. 1+4) 8. Total Receipts (1+4) 4443447 4820512 4716487 5065345 
 
      
    
9. 10+13)  9. Total Expenditure  
    (10+13) 
4443447 4820512 4716487 5065345 
10.    
  
    10. On Revenue  
          Account 
3494252 3709401 3698058 3944255 
 
             of which 
    
11.       11. Interest Payments 1063872 1162940 1137940 1276338 
12.   
   
    12. Grants in Aid for 
creation of Capital 
Assets 
303916 390778 299891 427192 
 
13.       13. On Capital  
          Account 
949195 1111111 1018429 1121090 
14. 
 12+13) 
14. Effective Capital 
Expenditure (12+13) 
1253111 1501889 1318320 1548282 
 
15.  (10-1)  15. Revenue Deficit  765216 580201 610098 523846 
 
       (10-1) (2.6) (1.8) (1.9) (1.5) 
16.   
 (15-12) 
 16. Effective Revenue  
       Deficit (15-12) 
461300 
(1.6) 
189423 
(0.6) 
310207 
(1.0) 
96654 
(0.3) 
17.  
 [9-(1+5+6)] 
 17. Fiscal Deficit  
        [9-(1+5+6)] 
1654643 
(5.6) 
1613312 
(4.9) 
1569527 
(4.8) 
1568936 
(4.4) 
18. (17-11)  18. Primary Deficit  590771 450372 431587 292598 
 
       (17-11) (2.0) (1.4) (1.3) (0.8) 
1
 
4- 5 `12764 
          
 : 
(i) 202 -
4-
5
% 
(ii)   -      
 
(iii)             
     1  
RE 2024-
payable by Centre to the States for prior years.  
      2   
Includes drawdown of Cash Balance.
 
Notes: 
(i) The GDP for FY 2025-26 is estimated at ,923 crore, 
which is 10.1% over the Revised Estimates for FY 2024-25 of 
 
 
(ii) Individual items in this document may not sum up to the totals 
due to rounding off. 
(iii) Figures in parentheses are as a percentage of GDP. 
2 
Rupee Comes From 
( Budget 2025-26) 
 
:- 
  
 *  
Notes:-  1. Total receipts are inclusive of States' share of taxes and duties which have been netted in the table on page 1. 
 2. Figures have been rounded off. 
 *  Income tax includes Securities Transaction Tax. 
Corporation-tax, 17
Income Tax *, 22
Customs, 4
Union Excise 
Duties, 5
Goods & Services 
Tax & Other Taxes, 
18
Non-tax receipts, 9
Non-debt Capital 
receipts, 1
Borrowings & 
Other liabilities, 24
Budget ( 4-25) 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
Budget ( 5-26) 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
17
19
4
5
18
9
1
27
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
3 
Central Sector 
Scheme (excluding 
Capital Outlay on 
Defence and Major 
Subsidies), 16
Interest 
Payments, 
20
Defence, 8
Major Subsidies, 
6
Finance 
Commission & 
Other transfers, 8
State Share of 
Taxes & Duties, 
22
Pensions, 4
Other 
Expenditure, 8
Centrally 
Sponsored 
Scheme, 8
Rupee Goes To 
( Budget 2025-26) 
:-  
   
Notes :-  1. Total expenditure is inclusive of States' share of taxes and duties which have been netted against receipts in the table on page 1. 
 2. Figures have been rounded off. 
Budget ( 4-25) 
16
19
8
6
9
21
4
9
8
Budget ( 5-26) 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
 [ p.] 
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FAQs on Union Budget at a Glance: 2025-26 - Indian Economy for UPSC CSE

1. What is the significance of the Union Budget in the context of economic planning?
Ans. The Union Budget is a critical document that outlines the government's financial plan, detailing expected revenue and expenditure for a specific period. It plays a vital role in economic planning as it reflects the government's priorities, influences economic growth, and sets the tone for fiscal policy. The budget also impacts various sectors, including health, education, and infrastructure, guiding public spending and investment decisions.
2. How does the Union Budget affect different sectors of the economy?
Ans. The Union Budget impacts various sectors through allocation of funds and policy initiatives. For example, increased spending in infrastructure can stimulate job creation and economic growth, while investments in health and education can improve human capital. Tax policies and subsidies outlined in the budget can encourage or discourage investment in specific industries, thus shaping the overall economic landscape.
3. What are the key components typically included in the Union Budget?
Ans. The Union Budget usually includes several key components: 1. Revenue Budget: Details the government's expected income from taxes and non-tax sources. 2. Capital Budget: Outlines planned expenditures on assets and infrastructure. 3. Fiscal Deficit: Indicates the gap between revenue and expenditure, highlighting the need for borrowing. 4. Allocations: Specific funding for various ministries and sectors. 5. Tax proposals: Changes to existing tax rates and introduction of new taxes.
4. How is the Union Budget prepared and presented?
Ans. The Union Budget is prepared through a systematic process that involves several stages. Initially, the Ministry of Finance gathers inputs from various ministries and departments regarding their financial requirements. After thorough analysis and discussions, the budget is drafted and presented to the Parliament. The budget presentation usually occurs annually, followed by debates and discussions before it is approved.
5. What is the role of the Parliament in the Union Budget process?
Ans. The Parliament plays a crucial role in the Union Budget process by reviewing and approving the budget proposals. After the budget is presented, Members of Parliament can debate and discuss its contents. They can suggest amendments and discuss the implications of various allocations. Ultimately, the budget must be passed by both houses of Parliament before it can be implemented, ensuring democratic oversight of government spending.
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