Page 1
Chapter Chapter
13 13
Animal Jumps
Find the hidden numbers.
Numbers put in this box get
multiplied by a number and come out.
(a) Can you guess the multiplier if
you see the 4 numbers coming
out of the box?
(b) Is there more than one possible
multiplier?
(c) What numbers might have been
put inside the box?
Share your thoughts in the class.
You can also play this game with your friends.
The multipliers 1, 2, and 4 that you found above are the factors of the
numbers that have come out of the box, that is, 28, 36, 48, and 72.
In fact, these are the common factors of all the numbers. The numbers 28,
36, 48, and 72 are multiples of 1, 2 and 4.
The product of two or more factors gives a multiple.
A number, when arranged in an array, shows the factors of that number.
Are there other numbers that are factors of 15? Try to make other arrays
for the number 15.
Let us make arrays for the number 12.
3 × 5 = 15
Factors Multiple
3 × 4 = 12
2 × 6 = 12
1 × 12 = 12
Chapter-13 Animal Jumps.indd 164 Chapter-13 Animal Jumps.indd 164 7/2/2025 6:19:27 PM 7/2/2025 6:19:27 PM
Page 2
Chapter Chapter
13 13
Animal Jumps
Find the hidden numbers.
Numbers put in this box get
multiplied by a number and come out.
(a) Can you guess the multiplier if
you see the 4 numbers coming
out of the box?
(b) Is there more than one possible
multiplier?
(c) What numbers might have been
put inside the box?
Share your thoughts in the class.
You can also play this game with your friends.
The multipliers 1, 2, and 4 that you found above are the factors of the
numbers that have come out of the box, that is, 28, 36, 48, and 72.
In fact, these are the common factors of all the numbers. The numbers 28,
36, 48, and 72 are multiples of 1, 2 and 4.
The product of two or more factors gives a multiple.
A number, when arranged in an array, shows the factors of that number.
Are there other numbers that are factors of 15? Try to make other arrays
for the number 15.
Let us make arrays for the number 12.
3 × 5 = 15
Factors Multiple
3 × 4 = 12
2 × 6 = 12
1 × 12 = 12
Chapter-13 Animal Jumps.indd 164 Chapter-13 Animal Jumps.indd 164 7/2/2025 6:19:27 PM 7/2/2025 6:19:27 PM
Make different arrays for the following numbers. Identify the factors in each
case.
(a) 10
(b) 14
(c) 13
(d) 20
(e) 25
(f) 32
(g) 37
(h) 46
(i) 54
Numbers like 13 and 37 are Numbers like 13 and 37 are
called prime numbers.Why? called prime numbers.Why?
A rabbit takes a jump of 4 each time. A frog takes a jump of 3 each time.
Use the number line to figure out the numbers they will both touch. If the
rabbit and the frog start from 0, the numbers both of them will touch are
called the common multiples of 3 and 4.
0 3 4 6 8 9 12
12 is the first common multiple of 3 and 4. What are some other common
multiples of 3 and 4? You can continue the number line or take help from
the times tables of 3 and 4.
What do you notice about the common multiples of 3 and 4? Discuss in class.
1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12 are all factors of 12. Each of the numbers can divide
12 completely. 12 is a multiple of these numbers.
Do you see why 12 is a multiple of 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12?
2 × ____ = 12 3 × ____ = 12
12 × ____ = 12 1 × ____ = 12
Let Us Do
The number itself is always The number itself is always
a multiple of itself. a multiple of itself.
Animal Jumps
165
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Page 3
Chapter Chapter
13 13
Animal Jumps
Find the hidden numbers.
Numbers put in this box get
multiplied by a number and come out.
(a) Can you guess the multiplier if
you see the 4 numbers coming
out of the box?
(b) Is there more than one possible
multiplier?
(c) What numbers might have been
put inside the box?
Share your thoughts in the class.
You can also play this game with your friends.
The multipliers 1, 2, and 4 that you found above are the factors of the
numbers that have come out of the box, that is, 28, 36, 48, and 72.
In fact, these are the common factors of all the numbers. The numbers 28,
36, 48, and 72 are multiples of 1, 2 and 4.
The product of two or more factors gives a multiple.
A number, when arranged in an array, shows the factors of that number.
Are there other numbers that are factors of 15? Try to make other arrays
for the number 15.
Let us make arrays for the number 12.
3 × 5 = 15
Factors Multiple
3 × 4 = 12
2 × 6 = 12
1 × 12 = 12
Chapter-13 Animal Jumps.indd 164 Chapter-13 Animal Jumps.indd 164 7/2/2025 6:19:27 PM 7/2/2025 6:19:27 PM
Make different arrays for the following numbers. Identify the factors in each
case.
(a) 10
(b) 14
(c) 13
(d) 20
(e) 25
(f) 32
(g) 37
(h) 46
(i) 54
Numbers like 13 and 37 are Numbers like 13 and 37 are
called prime numbers.Why? called prime numbers.Why?
A rabbit takes a jump of 4 each time. A frog takes a jump of 3 each time.
Use the number line to figure out the numbers they will both touch. If the
rabbit and the frog start from 0, the numbers both of them will touch are
called the common multiples of 3 and 4.
0 3 4 6 8 9 12
12 is the first common multiple of 3 and 4. What are some other common
multiples of 3 and 4? You can continue the number line or take help from
the times tables of 3 and 4.
What do you notice about the common multiples of 3 and 4? Discuss in class.
1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12 are all factors of 12. Each of the numbers can divide
12 completely. 12 is a multiple of these numbers.
Do you see why 12 is a multiple of 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12?
2 × ____ = 12 3 × ____ = 12
12 × ____ = 12 1 × ____ = 12
Let Us Do
The number itself is always The number itself is always
a multiple of itself. a multiple of itself.
Animal Jumps
165
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A spider takes a jump of 3 every time. A grasshopper takes a jump of 6 each
time. Use the number line to find the common multiples of 3 and 6.
0 3 6 9 12
1. Find 5 common multiples of the following pairs of numbers.
(a) 2 and 3
(b) 5 and 8
(c) 2 and 4
(d) 3 and 9
(e) 5 and 10
(f ) 9 and 12
(f) 8 and 12
(g) 6 and 8
(h) 6 and 9
What do you notice about the common multiples of different pairs of
numbers? Discuss in class.
6 and 12 are two common multiples of 3 and 6. You can continue the
pattern to find more common multiples. What do you notice about the
common multiples of 3 and 6? Discuss.
Let us write the multiples of two numbers— 4 and 6.
Multiples of 4— 4, 8, 12 , 16, ...
Multiple of 6— 6, 12 , 18, ...
12 and 24 are two of the common multiples of 4 and 6. List a few more.
Let Us Do
166
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Page 4
Chapter Chapter
13 13
Animal Jumps
Find the hidden numbers.
Numbers put in this box get
multiplied by a number and come out.
(a) Can you guess the multiplier if
you see the 4 numbers coming
out of the box?
(b) Is there more than one possible
multiplier?
(c) What numbers might have been
put inside the box?
Share your thoughts in the class.
You can also play this game with your friends.
The multipliers 1, 2, and 4 that you found above are the factors of the
numbers that have come out of the box, that is, 28, 36, 48, and 72.
In fact, these are the common factors of all the numbers. The numbers 28,
36, 48, and 72 are multiples of 1, 2 and 4.
The product of two or more factors gives a multiple.
A number, when arranged in an array, shows the factors of that number.
Are there other numbers that are factors of 15? Try to make other arrays
for the number 15.
Let us make arrays for the number 12.
3 × 5 = 15
Factors Multiple
3 × 4 = 12
2 × 6 = 12
1 × 12 = 12
Chapter-13 Animal Jumps.indd 164 Chapter-13 Animal Jumps.indd 164 7/2/2025 6:19:27 PM 7/2/2025 6:19:27 PM
Make different arrays for the following numbers. Identify the factors in each
case.
(a) 10
(b) 14
(c) 13
(d) 20
(e) 25
(f) 32
(g) 37
(h) 46
(i) 54
Numbers like 13 and 37 are Numbers like 13 and 37 are
called prime numbers.Why? called prime numbers.Why?
A rabbit takes a jump of 4 each time. A frog takes a jump of 3 each time.
Use the number line to figure out the numbers they will both touch. If the
rabbit and the frog start from 0, the numbers both of them will touch are
called the common multiples of 3 and 4.
0 3 4 6 8 9 12
12 is the first common multiple of 3 and 4. What are some other common
multiples of 3 and 4? You can continue the number line or take help from
the times tables of 3 and 4.
What do you notice about the common multiples of 3 and 4? Discuss in class.
1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12 are all factors of 12. Each of the numbers can divide
12 completely. 12 is a multiple of these numbers.
Do you see why 12 is a multiple of 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12?
2 × ____ = 12 3 × ____ = 12
12 × ____ = 12 1 × ____ = 12
Let Us Do
The number itself is always The number itself is always
a multiple of itself. a multiple of itself.
Animal Jumps
165
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A spider takes a jump of 3 every time. A grasshopper takes a jump of 6 each
time. Use the number line to find the common multiples of 3 and 6.
0 3 6 9 12
1. Find 5 common multiples of the following pairs of numbers.
(a) 2 and 3
(b) 5 and 8
(c) 2 and 4
(d) 3 and 9
(e) 5 and 10
(f ) 9 and 12
(f) 8 and 12
(g) 6 and 8
(h) 6 and 9
What do you notice about the common multiples of different pairs of
numbers? Discuss in class.
6 and 12 are two common multiples of 3 and 6. You can continue the
pattern to find more common multiples. What do you notice about the
common multiples of 3 and 6? Discuss.
Let us write the multiples of two numbers— 4 and 6.
Multiples of 4— 4, 8, 12 , 16, ...
Multiple of 6— 6, 12 , 18, ...
12 and 24 are two of the common multiples of 4 and 6. List a few more.
Let Us Do
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2. Food is available at the end of a cobbled road. Robby, the rabbit, takes
a jump of 4 each time. Deeku, the deer, takes a jump of 6 each time.
They both start at 0. Will both Robby and Deeku reach the food? Who
will reach first? How do you know? Explain your answer.
3. Mowgli’s friends live along the trail on the marked places below. Which
of his friends will he be able to visit, if he jumps by 2 steps starting
from 0?
0
1
2
3
4 5
6 7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17 18 19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33 34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41 42 43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55 56 57 58 59 59
167
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Page 5
Chapter Chapter
13 13
Animal Jumps
Find the hidden numbers.
Numbers put in this box get
multiplied by a number and come out.
(a) Can you guess the multiplier if
you see the 4 numbers coming
out of the box?
(b) Is there more than one possible
multiplier?
(c) What numbers might have been
put inside the box?
Share your thoughts in the class.
You can also play this game with your friends.
The multipliers 1, 2, and 4 that you found above are the factors of the
numbers that have come out of the box, that is, 28, 36, 48, and 72.
In fact, these are the common factors of all the numbers. The numbers 28,
36, 48, and 72 are multiples of 1, 2 and 4.
The product of two or more factors gives a multiple.
A number, when arranged in an array, shows the factors of that number.
Are there other numbers that are factors of 15? Try to make other arrays
for the number 15.
Let us make arrays for the number 12.
3 × 5 = 15
Factors Multiple
3 × 4 = 12
2 × 6 = 12
1 × 12 = 12
Chapter-13 Animal Jumps.indd 164 Chapter-13 Animal Jumps.indd 164 7/2/2025 6:19:27 PM 7/2/2025 6:19:27 PM
Make different arrays for the following numbers. Identify the factors in each
case.
(a) 10
(b) 14
(c) 13
(d) 20
(e) 25
(f) 32
(g) 37
(h) 46
(i) 54
Numbers like 13 and 37 are Numbers like 13 and 37 are
called prime numbers.Why? called prime numbers.Why?
A rabbit takes a jump of 4 each time. A frog takes a jump of 3 each time.
Use the number line to figure out the numbers they will both touch. If the
rabbit and the frog start from 0, the numbers both of them will touch are
called the common multiples of 3 and 4.
0 3 4 6 8 9 12
12 is the first common multiple of 3 and 4. What are some other common
multiples of 3 and 4? You can continue the number line or take help from
the times tables of 3 and 4.
What do you notice about the common multiples of 3 and 4? Discuss in class.
1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12 are all factors of 12. Each of the numbers can divide
12 completely. 12 is a multiple of these numbers.
Do you see why 12 is a multiple of 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12?
2 × ____ = 12 3 × ____ = 12
12 × ____ = 12 1 × ____ = 12
Let Us Do
The number itself is always The number itself is always
a multiple of itself. a multiple of itself.
Animal Jumps
165
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A spider takes a jump of 3 every time. A grasshopper takes a jump of 6 each
time. Use the number line to find the common multiples of 3 and 6.
0 3 6 9 12
1. Find 5 common multiples of the following pairs of numbers.
(a) 2 and 3
(b) 5 and 8
(c) 2 and 4
(d) 3 and 9
(e) 5 and 10
(f ) 9 and 12
(f) 8 and 12
(g) 6 and 8
(h) 6 and 9
What do you notice about the common multiples of different pairs of
numbers? Discuss in class.
6 and 12 are two common multiples of 3 and 6. You can continue the
pattern to find more common multiples. What do you notice about the
common multiples of 3 and 6? Discuss.
Let us write the multiples of two numbers— 4 and 6.
Multiples of 4— 4, 8, 12 , 16, ...
Multiple of 6— 6, 12 , 18, ...
12 and 24 are two of the common multiples of 4 and 6. List a few more.
Let Us Do
166
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2. Food is available at the end of a cobbled road. Robby, the rabbit, takes
a jump of 4 each time. Deeku, the deer, takes a jump of 6 each time.
They both start at 0. Will both Robby and Deeku reach the food? Who
will reach first? How do you know? Explain your answer.
3. Mowgli’s friends live along the trail on the marked places below. Which
of his friends will he be able to visit, if he jumps by 2 steps starting
from 0?
0
1
2
3
4 5
6 7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17 18 19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33 34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41 42 43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55 56 57 58 59 59
167
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4. Let us find some common factors of the numbers 24 and 36. Note that
all jumps in the following questions start from 0.
(a) Can we jump by 2 steps at a time to reach both 24 and 36? Yes/
No. 2 is/is not a common factor of 24 and 36.
(b) Can we jump by 3 steps at a time to reach both 24 and 36? Yes/
No. 3 is/is not a common factor of 24 and 36.
(c) Can we jump by 4 steps at a time to reach both 24 and 36? Yes/
No. 4 is/is not a common factor of 24 and 36.
(d) What other jumps can we take to reach both 24 and 36?
(e) How many common factors can you find for 24 and 36? List them.
(f) What about jumping by 1 step each time to reach both 24 and 36?
5. What are the common factors of 12 and 13?
The number itself and 1 are The number itself and 1 are
always factors of any number always factors of any number
Did Mowgli meet the ant, frog, bird and the rabbit? Notice their positions— 4,
12, 14, and 50. 2 is a common factor of these numbers.
Which of his friends will he be able to meet if he jumps by 3 steps?
3 is a common factor of the numbers 9, 21, 39, and 57.
Which numbers will he touch if he jumps by 5 steps?
.
5 is a common factor of the numbers _________________________.
Which numbers will he touch if he jumps by 10 steps?
.
10 is a common factor of the numbers _________________________.
A common factor of two or more numbers exactly divides each the numbers.
168
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