PPT: Biogeography: World Environment | Geography for UPSC CSE PDF Download

 Page 1


Biogeography 
& World 
Environment
Page 2


Biogeography 
& World 
Environment
Introduction to Biogeography
Biogeography is the fascinating study of how 
plants, animals, and ecosystems are distributed 
across our planet. It combines multiple disciplines:
Biology: Understanding living organisms
Geography: Mapping spatial patterns
Ecology: Studying interactions
Geology: Examining Earth's physical features
Page 3


Biogeography 
& World 
Environment
Introduction to Biogeography
Biogeography is the fascinating study of how 
plants, animals, and ecosystems are distributed 
across our planet. It combines multiple disciplines:
Biology: Understanding living organisms
Geography: Mapping spatial patterns
Ecology: Studying interactions
Geology: Examining Earth's physical features
What is Biogeography?
Origin & 
Definition
Biogeography, 
combining 'Bio' (life) 
and 'Geography' 
(Earth's surface), 
examines where and 
why living organisms 
are found globally.
Pioneer: Alfred 
Russel Wallace
Alfred Russel Wallace, 
known as the "Father 
of Biogeography," 
pioneered research on 
species distribution, 
complementing 
Darwin's work.
Branches of 
Study
P h y t o g e o g r a p h y : 
Distribution of 
plants
Z o o g e o g r a p h y : 
Distribution of 
animals
Page 4


Biogeography 
& World 
Environment
Introduction to Biogeography
Biogeography is the fascinating study of how 
plants, animals, and ecosystems are distributed 
across our planet. It combines multiple disciplines:
Biology: Understanding living organisms
Geography: Mapping spatial patterns
Ecology: Studying interactions
Geology: Examining Earth's physical features
What is Biogeography?
Origin & 
Definition
Biogeography, 
combining 'Bio' (life) 
and 'Geography' 
(Earth's surface), 
examines where and 
why living organisms 
are found globally.
Pioneer: Alfred 
Russel Wallace
Alfred Russel Wallace, 
known as the "Father 
of Biogeography," 
pioneered research on 
species distribution, 
complementing 
Darwin's work.
Branches of 
Study
P h y t o g e o g r a p h y : 
Distribution of 
plants
Z o o g e o g r a p h y : 
Distribution of 
animals
Components of Environment in 
Biogeography
Biotic Components
All living organisms:
Producers (plants, algae)
Consumers (herbivores, 
carnivores)
Decomposers (fungi, 
bacteria)
Abiotic Components
Non-living physical factors:
Climate (temperature, rainfall)
Topography (mountains, 
valleys)
Soil composition and 
structure
Water availability and quality
Page 5


Biogeography 
& World 
Environment
Introduction to Biogeography
Biogeography is the fascinating study of how 
plants, animals, and ecosystems are distributed 
across our planet. It combines multiple disciplines:
Biology: Understanding living organisms
Geography: Mapping spatial patterns
Ecology: Studying interactions
Geology: Examining Earth's physical features
What is Biogeography?
Origin & 
Definition
Biogeography, 
combining 'Bio' (life) 
and 'Geography' 
(Earth's surface), 
examines where and 
why living organisms 
are found globally.
Pioneer: Alfred 
Russel Wallace
Alfred Russel Wallace, 
known as the "Father 
of Biogeography," 
pioneered research on 
species distribution, 
complementing 
Darwin's work.
Branches of 
Study
P h y t o g e o g r a p h y : 
Distribution of 
plants
Z o o g e o g r a p h y : 
Distribution of 
animals
Components of Environment in 
Biogeography
Biotic Components
All living organisms:
Producers (plants, algae)
Consumers (herbivores, 
carnivores)
Decomposers (fungi, 
bacteria)
Abiotic Components
Non-living physical factors:
Climate (temperature, rainfall)
Topography (mountains, 
valleys)
Soil composition and 
structure
Water availability and quality
Ecological Concepts Relevant to 
Biogeography
Key Ecological Terms
Ecology: The study of interactions 
between organisms and their environment
Ecosystem: A community of living 
organisms interacting with non-living 
components as a system
Biosphere: The global sum of all 
ecosystems; the zone of life on Earth
Ecological niche: The specific role and 
position a species occupies within an 
ecosystem.