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FAQs on NCERT Textbook: The Living World - Science & Technology for UPSC CSE

1. What is the importance of biodiversity in the living world?
Ans. Biodiversity is of utmost importance in the living world as it ensures the stability and sustainability of ecosystems. It provides various ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling, pollination, and regulation of climate. Biodiversity also plays a vital role in the discovery and development of new drugs and medicines. Additionally, it has aesthetic, cultural, and recreational values.
2. How does human activity affect biodiversity?
Ans. Human activity has a significant impact on biodiversity. Activities such as deforestation, pollution, overexploitation of resources, and habitat destruction lead to the loss of biodiversity. This, in turn, disrupts the delicate balance of ecosystems and can result in the extinction of species. Therefore, it is crucial to adopt sustainable practices and conservation measures to minimize the negative impact of human activities on biodiversity.
3. What are the major threats to biodiversity?
Ans. Several factors pose threats to biodiversity. Habitat loss and fragmentation due to activities like deforestation and urbanization are major concerns. Pollution, climate change, invasive species, overexploitation of natural resources, and the spread of diseases are also significant threats. Understanding and addressing these threats are essential for the conservation and preservation of biodiversity.
4. How does biodiversity contribute to human well-being?
Ans. Biodiversity provides numerous benefits to human well-being. It ensures the provision of essential goods and services like food, clean water, and air. Biodiversity also plays a crucial role in supporting livelihoods, providing employment opportunities, and enhancing economic growth through sectors such as agriculture, fisheries, and tourism. Furthermore, biodiversity has cultural, spiritual, and aesthetic values that contribute to the overall well-being of societies.
5. What are the conservation strategies for preserving biodiversity?
Ans. Conservation strategies for preserving biodiversity include the establishment of protected areas, such as national parks and wildlife sanctuaries, to safeguard habitats and species. Habitat restoration and sustainable management of natural resources are also crucial. Additionally, promoting awareness and education about the importance of biodiversity, implementing laws and regulations to prevent illegal wildlife trade, and supporting community-based conservation initiatives are essential steps in preserving biodiversity.
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