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FAQs on NCERT Textbook: Excretory Products & their Elimination - Science & Technology for UPSC CSE

1. What are excretory products?
Ans. Excretory products are waste substances produced by the metabolic processes of an organism. These substances are harmful and need to be eliminated from the body to maintain proper functioning.
2. How are excretory products eliminated from the body?
Ans. Excretory products are eliminated from the body through various excretory organs. The main excretory organs in humans are the kidneys, which filter waste products from the blood and excrete them as urine. Other organs involved in elimination include the lungs, which remove carbon dioxide, and the skin, which excretes sweat.
3. What is the role of the kidneys in excretion?
Ans. The kidneys play a crucial role in excretion. They filter waste products, such as urea, uric acid, and excess salts, from the blood. These waste products are then excreted in the form of urine. The kidneys also regulate the concentration of various substances in the blood, such as water, electrolytes, and pH level.
4. What are the major excretory products in humans?
Ans. The major excretory products in humans include urea, uric acid, and ammonia. Urea is the primary nitrogenous waste product formed from the breakdown of proteins. Uric acid is produced from the metabolism of nucleic acids, and ammonia is a toxic substance produced during the breakdown of amino acids.
5. How do excretory products contribute to maintaining homeostasis?
Ans. Excretory products help maintain homeostasis by removing waste substances from the body. They prevent the accumulation of harmful metabolic by-products, maintain the balance of water and electrolytes, and regulate the pH level of bodily fluids. By eliminating these waste products, the excretory system helps to keep the internal environment of the body stable and functioning optimally.
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