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NCERT Textbook: Matter in Our Surroundings | Science & Technology for UPSC CSE PDF Download

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FAQs on NCERT Textbook: Matter in Our Surroundings - Science & Technology for UPSC CSE

1. What is matter and what are its characteristics?
Ans. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Its characteristics include the ability to change its shape and volume, the presence of intermolecular forces, and the ability to exist in different physical states.
2. What are the different states of matter and how do they change?
Ans. The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. They change from one state to another by the addition or removal of energy. For example, when a solid is heated, it melts into a liquid. When a liquid is heated, it vaporizes into a gas.
3. How is the concept of pressure related to matter?
Ans. Pressure is a measure of the force exerted by a substance on its surroundings. Matter can exert pressure when it is in a confined space, like a gas in a container. The pressure of a gas increases as its volume decreases and vice versa.
4. What is the role of temperature in changes of state of matter?
Ans. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance. When energy is added to a substance, its temperature increases and its particles move faster. This can cause a change in state, like melting or boiling.
5. How do substances transition between different states of matter?
Ans. Substances transition between different states of matter through physical changes. For example, a solid can melt to become a liquid, and a liquid can evaporate to become a gas. These changes are caused by the addition or removal of energy, like heat.
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