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NCERT Textbook - Globalization and Social Change | Old & New NCERTs for IAS Preparation (Must Read) - UPSC PDF Download

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FAQs on NCERT Textbook - Globalization and Social Change - Old & New NCERTs for IAS Preparation (Must Read) - UPSC

1. What is globalization and how does it contribute to social change?
Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of countries through the exchange of goods, services, information, and ideas. It involves the integration of economies, cultures, and societies on a global scale. Globalization leads to social change by influencing various aspects of society, such as economy, politics, culture, and technology. For example, it can lead to the spread of new cultural practices, the emergence of global markets, and the diffusion of technology, all of which can bring about social transformations.
2. How does globalization impact the economy of a country?
Globalization has a significant impact on the economy of a country. On one hand, it can lead to economic growth by providing access to larger markets, increasing trade opportunities, and attracting foreign direct investment. It can also enhance productivity and efficiency through the exchange of knowledge and technology. On the other hand, globalization can create economic inequalities and vulnerabilities, as smaller local industries may struggle to compete with multinational corporations. Overall, the effect of globalization on the economy depends on various factors such as government policies, market conditions, and the country's level of development.
3. What are the cultural implications of globalization?
Globalization has profound cultural implications. It promotes the exchange and diffusion of cultural practices, ideas, and values across borders. This can lead to cultural homogenization, where certain dominant cultural traits spread globally, potentially eroding local traditions and diversity. However, globalization also facilitates cultural hybridization, where different cultures interact and blend, resulting in new cultural forms and expressions. The impact of globalization on culture is complex and multifaceted, involving both challenges and opportunities for societies to navigate cultural diversity and preserve their unique identities.
4. How does globalization affect employment patterns?
Globalization has a significant impact on employment patterns. On one hand, it can create job opportunities by opening up new markets, expanding industries, and attracting foreign investment. Globalization can also lead to the outsourcing of labor-intensive activities to countries with lower labor costs, potentially causing job displacement in certain sectors. Additionally, globalization can contribute to the informalization of labor, where workers lack job security, social protection, and fair wages. The overall effect on employment patterns varies across countries and sectors, influenced by factors such as industry competitiveness, technological advancements, and labor market regulations.
5. What are the environmental consequences of globalization?
Globalization has both positive and negative environmental consequences. On one hand, it can promote the transfer of environmentally friendly technologies, encourage sustainable practices, and foster global cooperation to address environmental challenges. For instance, international agreements like the Paris Agreement aim to combat climate change through global cooperation. On the other hand, globalization can contribute to environmental degradation through increased resource consumption, pollution, and deforestation. The pursuit of economic growth and profit often prioritizes short-term gains over long-term environmental sustainability. Balancing economic development and environmental conservation is a crucial challenge in the era of globalization.
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