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FAQs on NCERT Textbook: Judiciary - UPSC

1. What is the role of the judiciary in the Indian legal system?
Ans. The judiciary in the Indian legal system is responsible for interpreting and applying the laws of the country. It acts as a neutral arbiter in disputes, ensuring justice and protecting the rights of individuals. The judiciary also has the power to strike down laws that are unconstitutional.
2. How are judges appointed in India?
Ans. In India, judges of the higher judiciary are appointed by the President of India on the advice of the Chief Justice of India and a collegium of senior judges. The appointment process involves consultation with various stakeholders, including the executive and judiciary, to maintain the independence of the judiciary.
3. What is the difference between the Supreme Court and High Courts in India?
Ans. The Supreme Court is the highest judicial body in India and has the power of judicial review over all other courts. It primarily deals with cases of national importance, constitutional interpretation, and appeals from lower courts. High Courts, on the other hand, are state-level courts that have jurisdiction over a specific region or state. They handle both civil and criminal cases and have the power to review the decisions of lower courts within their jurisdiction.
4. Can the judiciary be influenced by the government or other external factors?
Ans. The judiciary in India is intended to be independent and free from external influences. The Constitution of India provides several safeguards to ensure the independence of the judiciary, such as security of tenure, fixed salaries, and the power of judicial review. However, there have been instances where concerns have been raised about the potential influence of the government or other external factors on the judiciary.
5. How can an individual approach the judiciary to seek justice?
Ans. An individual seeking justice can approach the judiciary by filing a case or petition in the appropriate court. The process usually involves engaging a lawyer, who will represent the individual's interests and present their case before the court. The judiciary provides various channels, such as the Supreme Court, High Courts, and District Courts, to address different types of legal issues at different levels. It is important to understand the jurisdiction and process of the respective court before approaching it for seeking justice.
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