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For a saturated sand deposit the void ratio and the specific gravity of solids are 0.70 and 2.67 respectively. The critical (upward )  hydraulic gradient for the deposit would be
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For a saturated sand deposit the void ratio and the specific gravity o...
Saturated Sand Deposit and Critical Hydraulic Gradient

Introduction
A saturated sand deposit is a type of soil that has been filled with water up to its maximum capacity. It is common in coastal areas where sand deposits are abundant. The hydraulic gradient is an important parameter in soil mechanics that determines the direction and rate of water flow in a soil.

Void Ratio and Specific Gravity of Solids
The void ratio is the ratio of the volume of voids to the volume of solids in a soil. The specific gravity of solids is the ratio of the density of the soil solids to the density of water. For a saturated sand deposit, the void ratio and specific gravity of solids are 0.70 and 2.67 respectively.

Critical Hydraulic Gradient
The critical hydraulic gradient is the hydraulic gradient at which the soil particles start to move or the soil begins to erode. It is also called the stability or erosion gradient. The critical hydraulic gradient for a saturated sand deposit can be calculated using the following formula:

ic = (Gama_s - Gama_w) / (1 + e)

Where ic is the critical hydraulic gradient, Gama_s is the specific gravity of solids, Gama_w is the density of water, and e is the void ratio.

Substituting the given values, we have:

ic = (2.67 - 1) / (1 + 0.70) = 0.45

Therefore, the critical hydraulic gradient for the saturated sand deposit is 0.45.

Conclusion
The critical hydraulic gradient is an important parameter in soil mechanics that determines the stability of a soil. For a saturated sand deposit, the critical hydraulic gradient can be calculated using the formula ic = (Gama_s - Gama_w) / (1 + e).
Community Answer
For a saturated sand deposit the void ratio and the specific gravity o...
Given,
e=0.70
G=2.67
Ic=?

Ic=(G-1)/(1+e)
Ic=(2.67-1)/(1+0.70)
Ic=(1.67)/(1.70)
Ic=0.982

Where, Ic us critical hydraulic gradient.
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For a saturated sand deposit the void ratio and the specific gravity of solids are 0.70 and 2.67 respectively. The critical (upward )  hydraulic gradient for the deposit would be Related: Chapter 2 Classification of Soils - Notes, Soil Mechanics, Civil Engineering
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