Activity 8.5: Investigating the Properties of Acids and Bases

Step 1: Label two test tubes as A and B.

Step 2: Add 2 mL of hydrochloric acid to test tube A and 2 mL of sodium hydroxide to test tube B.

Step 3: Dip a red litmus paper into test tube A and a blue litmus paper into test tube B.

Step 4: Observe the color change and record your observations.

Step 5: Add 2 mL of water to both test tubes and repeat step 3.

Step 6: Record your observations.

Step 7: Finally, dispose of the contents of the test tubes properly.

Conclusion:
From the activity, we can conclude that:

1. Hydrochloric acid is an acid and sodium hydroxide is a base.
2. When a red litmus paper is dipped in hydrochloric acid, it turns red indicating that the acid is acidic in nature.
3. When a blue litmus paper is dipped in sodium hydroxide, it turns blue indicating that the base is basic in nature.
4. When water is added to both the test tubes, the litmus papers do not show any color change, indicating that the solution is neutral in nature.
5. The properties of acids and bases can be identified by observing the color change of litmus papers.
6. The activity helps us to differentiate between acidic, basic, and neutral substances.

Therefore, this activity is helpful to understand the basic properties of acids and bases.

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