The answer to the question is B) Underdeveloped countries.

In underdeveloped countries, scarcity of capital, technological backwardness, and unemployment are commonly observed. Let's break down each of these factors:

1. Scarcity of capital:
Underdeveloped countries often face a scarcity of capital due to various reasons:
- Limited savings: These countries may have a low savings rate among their population, resulting in a lack of funds available for investment.
- Insufficient foreign investment: Underdeveloped countries may struggle to attract foreign investment due to political instability, weak infrastructure, or unfavorable business environments.
- Limited access to credit: Financial institutions in underdeveloped countries may have limited capacity to provide loans and credit to individuals and businesses, hindering capital formation.

2. Technological backwardness:
Underdeveloped countries often lag behind in technological advancements for several reasons:
- Lack of research and development (R&D): These countries may have limited resources allocated to R&D activities, resulting in a slower pace of technological innovation.
- Limited access to technology: Underdeveloped countries may face barriers in accessing and adopting advanced technologies due to factors such as high costs, inadequate infrastructure, or lack of skilled labor.
- Weak education and training: The educational systems in underdeveloped countries may not adequately equip individuals with the necessary skills to utilize and adapt to new technologies.

3. Unemployment:
Underdeveloped countries frequently experience high levels of unemployment due to various factors:
- Limited job opportunities: Industries in underdeveloped countries may be small in scale and unable to absorb a significant portion of the labor force.
- Lack of skills and education: The workforce in underdeveloped countries may lack the necessary skills and education required for employment in higher-value industries.
- Overpopulation: Rapid population growth in underdeveloped countries can outpace job creation, leading to high levels of unemployment.

By addressing these challenges, underdeveloped countries can strive to overcome the scarcity of capital, technological backwardness, and unemployment. Implementing policies that promote savings and investment, improving access to credit, investing in R&D and education, and creating an enabling environment for business and foreign investment can help these countries progress towards development.

If countries have a tag of developed, obviously they have high technological strength, more employment, have high scarcity of capitals.
While those countries which are under devloping they no focus all facilates at one time . They have not capable to established more and more industries.they required high financial and economical strength which are less in under devloping countries, this causes issues of technogical backward, unemployment and have scarcity of capitals