Proof strength is defined as the stress which will produce a permanent...
Explanation: Proof strength is used in design of fasteners. It corresponds to 0.1% permanent deformation of gauge length.
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Proof strength is defined as the stress which will produce a permanent...
Definition of Proof Strength:
Proof strength is defined as the stress which will produce a permanent extension in the gauge length of the standard test specimen. It is a measure of the material's ability to withstand deformation without undergoing plastic deformation.
Explanation:
When a material is subjected to stress, it undergoes deformation. This deformation can be elastic or plastic. Elastic deformation is temporary and the material returns to its original shape once the stress is removed. Plastic deformation, on the other hand, is permanent and the material does not return to its original shape.
Proof strength is the stress at which a material starts to undergo plastic deformation. It is determined by conducting a tensile test on a standard test specimen. The test specimen is subjected to gradually increasing stress until it reaches its yield point, where plastic deformation begins.
The Gauge Length:
The gauge length is the length of the portion of the test specimen over which the extension is measured. It is a standard length defined by the testing standards. The extension of the gauge length is measured using an extensometer, which is a device that accurately measures the change in length of the specimen.
Percentage Extension:
The percentage extension is the increase in length of the gauge length expressed as a percentage of its original length. It is calculated using the formula: (Change in length / Original length) * 100.
Determining the Proof Strength:
To determine the proof strength of a material, the stress at which a permanent extension of a certain percentage occurs is measured. The standard test specimen is subjected to increasing stress until it reaches the stress that produces the desired percentage extension.
In this case, the correct answer is option 'A' which states that the proof strength is defined as the stress which will produce a permanent extension of 0.1% in the gauge length of the standard test specimen. This means that the material's proof strength is the stress at which a permanent extension of 0.1% occurs in the gauge length.
By accurately measuring the stress and extension during the tensile test, the proof strength of a material can be determined. It is an important parameter that helps in understanding the material's behavior under load and designing structures that can withstand the expected stresses without undergoing plastic deformation.
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