Intense conflicts between local rulers and various trading companies can be attributed to several factors:

1. Economic interests: The trading companies were primarily interested in making profits, while the local rulers valued their sovereignty and independence. This often led to clashes, as the companies tried to gain control over the local economy, resources, and markets.

2. Political ambitions: The trading companies were expanding their political influence in order to secure their economic interests. They often interfered in the internal affairs of the local rulers, which led to resentment and resistance.

3. Cultural differences: The trading companies and the local rulers had different cultural norms and practices. This led to misunderstandings, mistrust, and conflicts.

4. Military power: The trading companies had superior military power and technology, which they used to intimidate and control the local rulers. This often led to armed conflicts and violence.

5. Religious differences: The trading companies were often associated with a particular religion, which led to conflicts with the local rulers who had different religious beliefs.

In summary, the conflicts between local rulers and trading companies were driven by economic, political, cultural, military, and religious factors. The clash of interests and values created tension and hostility, which often resulted in violence and conflict.

The effort to fortify settlements and carry on profitable trade led to intense conflict with local ruler.
The Company found it difficult to separate trade from politics.