Which one of the following types of instruments does suffer from error...
Hysteresis error in PMMC Instrument: It can be reduced by providing Al frame in the moving system since AL is having a thin hysteresis loop. So that the difference between magnetic fields is less. We can’t eliminate hysteresis error but we can reduce.
Hysteresis error in MI Instrument: Hysteresis error is more in MI instruments. Due to hysteresis effect, the value flux density for the same current, while ascending and descending are different. While descending, the flux density is high and while ascending it is lesser. So we can reduce this error by using small iron parts which can demagnetize quickly.
Hysteresis error in EMMC Instrument: Hysteresis error is absent in EMMC instruments, since there is no iron related material in the moving system.
Order of Hysteresis error in descending order
MI > PMMC > EMMC
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Which one of the following types of instruments does suffer from error...
Introduction:
Instruments used for measuring electrical quantities are designed to provide accurate readings. However, various factors can introduce errors into the measurements, one of which is magnetic hysteresis. Magnetic hysteresis is a phenomenon that occurs in materials with magnetic properties and can affect the performance of certain types of instruments.
Magnetic Hysteresis:
Magnetic hysteresis is the lagging of magnetic flux density behind the magnetizing force in a magnetic material. When a magnetic material is subjected to a changing magnetic field, it does not respond instantaneously. Instead, it retains some amount of magnetization even after the magnetic field is removed or changed. This lagging effect is known as magnetic hysteresis.
Instruments Affected by Magnetic Hysteresis:
Out of the given options, the type of instrument that is affected by magnetic hysteresis is the Moving Iron instrument.
Moving Iron Instrument:
Moving Iron instruments are commonly used for measuring AC and DC current and voltage. They operate based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. These instruments consist of a coil wound on a soft iron core, which is free to move. When current flows through the coil, it generates a magnetic field that interacts with the magnetic field produced by the permanent magnet or another coil.
Effect of Magnetic Hysteresis:
Magnetic hysteresis can introduce errors in the readings of a Moving Iron instrument. When the magnetic field changes, the soft iron core retains some magnetization, causing a delay in the movement of the iron core. This delay results in an error in the indication of the instrument.
Other Instrument Types:
The other instrument types mentioned in the options, such as induction type, electrodynamic, and PMMC, are not affected by magnetic hysteresis.
- Induction type instruments work based on the principle of electromagnetic induction and do not rely on the movement of iron parts.
- Electrodynamic instruments also operate based on electromagnetic induction and do not have iron parts that can be affected by hysteresis.
- PMMC (Permanent Magnet Moving Coil) instruments use a permanent magnet and a moving coil to measure current or voltage. They do not have iron parts that can suffer from magnetic hysteresis.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the instrument type that suffers from error due to magnetic hysteresis is the Moving Iron instrument. Magnetic hysteresis causes a lagging effect in the movement of the iron core, leading to errors in the instrument's readings. Other instrument types, such as induction type, electrodynamic, and PMMC, are not affected by magnetic hysteresis.
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