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Ionisation potential of hydrogen is
- a)less than chlorine
- b)equal to chlorine
- c)slightly higher than chlorine
- d)much higher than chlorine
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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Ionisation potential of hydrogen isa)less than chlorineb)equal to chlo...
Hydrogen has higher ionisation potential than chlorine, because hydrogen has only one electron and small size. This electron experiences the direct attraction of the nucleus and there is no shielding effect. Whereas in Cl the combined effect of the increase in the atomic size and the screening effect more than compensates the effect of the increased nuclear charge. Consequently, the valence electrons become less firmly held by the nucleus and ionisation potential decreases.
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Ionisation potential of hydrogen isa)less than chlorineb)equal to chlo...
The ionization potential of an element refers to the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion in its ground state. It is also known as the ionization energy. In the case of hydrogen and chlorine, the ionization potential of hydrogen is slightly higher than that of chlorine.
Explanation:
Ionization Potential of Hydrogen:
Hydrogen has one electron in its outermost shell, so its ionization potential is the energy required to remove this electron. The electron in hydrogen experiences the attractive force of the proton in the nucleus. As the electron moves away from the nucleus, the attractive force weakens, and it becomes easier to remove the electron. Therefore, the ionization potential of hydrogen is relatively low compared to elements with more electrons.
Ionization Potential of Chlorine:
Chlorine has 17 electrons and a greater number of protons in its nucleus compared to hydrogen. The outermost electron in chlorine experiences a stronger attractive force from the nucleus due to the higher positive charge. As a result, more energy is required to remove this electron compared to hydrogen.
Comparing the Ionization Potentials:
When we compare the ionization potentials of hydrogen and chlorine, we find that the ionization potential of hydrogen is slightly higher than that of chlorine. This means that it requires slightly more energy to remove an electron from a hydrogen atom compared to a chlorine atom.
Reason for Higher Ionization Potential of Hydrogen:
The higher ionization potential of hydrogen can be attributed to the following factors:
1. Size of the nucleus: Hydrogen has a smaller nucleus with only one proton compared to the larger nucleus of chlorine with 17 protons. The smaller nucleus in hydrogen exerts a stronger attractive force on the electron, making it more difficult to remove.
2. Shielding effect: In chlorine, the outermost electron is shielded by the inner electrons to some extent. This reduces the effective nuclear charge experienced by the outermost electron and lowers the ionization potential.
Therefore, the ionization potential of hydrogen is slightly higher than that of chlorine.
Explanation:
Ionization Potential of Hydrogen:
Hydrogen has one electron in its outermost shell, so its ionization potential is the energy required to remove this electron. The electron in hydrogen experiences the attractive force of the proton in the nucleus. As the electron moves away from the nucleus, the attractive force weakens, and it becomes easier to remove the electron. Therefore, the ionization potential of hydrogen is relatively low compared to elements with more electrons.
Ionization Potential of Chlorine:
Chlorine has 17 electrons and a greater number of protons in its nucleus compared to hydrogen. The outermost electron in chlorine experiences a stronger attractive force from the nucleus due to the higher positive charge. As a result, more energy is required to remove this electron compared to hydrogen.
Comparing the Ionization Potentials:
When we compare the ionization potentials of hydrogen and chlorine, we find that the ionization potential of hydrogen is slightly higher than that of chlorine. This means that it requires slightly more energy to remove an electron from a hydrogen atom compared to a chlorine atom.
Reason for Higher Ionization Potential of Hydrogen:
The higher ionization potential of hydrogen can be attributed to the following factors:
1. Size of the nucleus: Hydrogen has a smaller nucleus with only one proton compared to the larger nucleus of chlorine with 17 protons. The smaller nucleus in hydrogen exerts a stronger attractive force on the electron, making it more difficult to remove.
2. Shielding effect: In chlorine, the outermost electron is shielded by the inner electrons to some extent. This reduces the effective nuclear charge experienced by the outermost electron and lowers the ionization potential.
Therefore, the ionization potential of hydrogen is slightly higher than that of chlorine.
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Ionisation potential of hydrogen isa)less than chlorineb)equal to chlorinec)slightly higher than chlorined)much higher than chlorineCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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