Isolated System

An isolated system is a type of thermodynamic system that does not exchange matter or energy with its surroundings. In other words, it is a closed system with no external interactions. The total energy and mass of an isolated system remain constant.

Explanation

When ice is kept in a well-insulated thermo flask, it is considered an example of an isolated system. This is because the flask is designed to minimize heat transfer between the ice and its surroundings, making it an effective insulator.

Insulation

The insulation of the thermo flask prevents the exchange of heat between the ice and the external environment. Heat transfer occurs through three main mechanisms: conduction, convection, and radiation. The insulation of the thermo flask minimizes all these forms of heat transfer.

Conduction

Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between two objects. In the case of the thermo flask, the insulating material (such as foam or vacuum-sealed layers) prevents direct contact between the ice and the external environment, minimizing conduction.

Convection

Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases). The insulation of the thermo flask reduces the movement of air molecules around the ice, thereby reducing convective heat transfer.

Radiation

Radiation is the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves. The insulating material of the thermo flask also acts as a barrier to reduce the exchange of heat through radiation.

Conclusion

In summary, when ice is kept in a well-insulated thermo flask, it is considered an isolated system because the flask prevents the exchange of matter and energy with the surroundings. The insulation of the flask minimizes conduction, convection, and radiation, ensuring that the ice remains isolated and its temperature remains relatively constant.