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Consider the following statements :
1. In the laboratory consolidation test, initial compression is the result of the displacement of soil particles.
2. Primary consolidation is due to dissipation of pore water pressure.
3. Secondary compression starts after complete dissipation of pore water pressure.
4. Primary consolidation and secondary compression occur simultaneously.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
  • a)
    1 and 4 only
  • b)
    2 and 3 only
  • c)
    2 and 4 only
  • d)
    1 and 3 only
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
Consider the following statements :1. In the laboratory consolidation ...
In laboratory consolidation test, the soil is laterally confined and fully saturated. So there is almost no opportunity for particles to get displaced and cause initial compression. Primary consolidation is due to dissipation of pore water pressure. The time taken to dissipate excess pore pressure and transfer of stress increment in this stage is called hydrodynamic lag. After this stage is complete, the stresses are transferred to the surface of the soil particles.
It should be noted that secondary compression starts after the completion of primary consolidation.
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Most Upvoted Answer
Consider the following statements :1. In the laboratory consolidation ...
Consolidation Test in Soil Mechanics

Consolidation test is a laboratory test conducted on fine-grained soils to determine their compressibility characteristics. The test helps to estimate the rate and magnitude of settlement of a soil layer subjected to a load. The following statements are related to the consolidation test:

1. Initial Compression:

In the laboratory consolidation test, the initial compression is the result of the displacement of soil particles due to the application of a load. The initial compression occurs rapidly and is completed within a few minutes.

2. Primary Consolidation:

Primary consolidation is due to the dissipation of pore water pressure within the soil mass. When a load is applied to a saturated soil layer, the water within the soil pores initially resists the load. As the load is sustained, the water begins to drain out of the soil. This process of water drainage is called consolidation. The rate of consolidation depends on the permeability of the soil.

3. Secondary Compression:

Secondary compression starts after the completion of primary consolidation. It is a slow process and can continue for several years. Secondary compression is due to the rearrangement of soil particles and the compression of soil solids under sustained load. This process is also called creep.

4. Primary consolidation and Secondary compression:

Primary consolidation and secondary compression occur sequentially and not simultaneously. Primary consolidation occurs first, followed by secondary compression.

Conclusion:

Therefore, option 'B' is the correct answer as statement 2 and 3 are correct. The statement 1 is incorrect as initial compression occurs due to the displacement of soil particles, but not due to the application of a load. The statement 4 is incorrect as primary consolidation and secondary compression occur sequentially and not simultaneously.
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Consider the following statements :1. In the laboratory consolidation test, initial compression is the result of the displacement of soil particles.2. Primary consolidation is due to dissipation of pore water pressure.3. Secondary compression starts after complete dissipation of pore water pressure.4. Primary consolidation and secondary compression occur simultaneously.Which of the statements given above are correct?a)1 and 4 onlyb)2 and 3 onlyc)2 and 4 onlyd)1 and 3 onlyCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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