Explanation:

When the distance between two particles decreases, the gravitational force between them increases. This can be understood by considering the formula for gravitational force, which is given by Newton's law of universal gravitation:

F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2

Where:
- F is the gravitational force between the two particles
- G is the gravitational constant
- m1 and m2 are the masses of the particles
- r is the distance between the particles

Relation between distance and gravitational force:

The formula shows that the gravitational force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the particles. This means that as the distance between the particles decreases, the gravitational force between them increases.

Increase in force with decrease in distance:

When the distance between the particles decreases, the denominator of the formula (r^2) becomes smaller. As a result, the value of the entire fraction increases, leading to an increase in the gravitational force.

Example:

For example, let's consider two particles with masses of 1 kg each. If the distance between them is initially 2 meters, the gravitational force between them can be calculated using the formula:

F1 = G * (1 kg * 1 kg) / (2 m)^2

Now, if the distance between the particles is reduced to 1 meter, the gravitational force can be calculated using the same formula:

F2 = G * (1 kg * 1 kg) / (1 m)^2

Comparing the two forces, F2 is greater than F1 because the distance in the denominator is smaller. This demonstrates that as the distance between the particles decreases, the gravitational force between them increases.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, when the distance between two particles decreases, the gravitational force between them increases. This is due to the inverse square relation between distance and gravitational force as described by Newton's law of universal gravitation.