What is mean by joint Hindu family?

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A joint family or undivided family is an extended family arrangement prevalent throughout the Indian subcontinent, particularly in India, consisting of many generations living in the same household, all bound by the common relationship

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According to hindu law, joint hindu family is a group of people whose ancestors are same. Joint hindu family business refers to that business organisation under which all members of the family carry a business under the control of ' Mukhya or Karta'. The elder members of the family happens to be its karta and he has the absolute authorities. Other members have to follow his rules .

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It refers to a form of organisation where in the business is owned and carried on by the members of the Hindu undivided family (HUF).

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Historically, for generations India had a prevailing tradition of the Joint Hindu Familyor undivided family. The system is an extended family arrangement prevalent throughout the Indian subcontinent, particularly in India, consisting of many generations living in the same home, all bound by the common relationship. A joint family consists of a husband and wife; their sons; their daughters, and so on up-to generations. Any number of these people may without impacting the legal existence of the family, be decreased.
The family is headed by a senior person called a 'Karta', is usually a male or a female, who makes decisions on economic and social matters on behalf of the entire family. The patriarch's wife generally exerts control over the household and minor religious practices and often wields considerable influence in domestic matters. Family income flows into a common pool, from which resources are drawn to meet the needs of all members, which are regulated by the heads of the family. However, with urbanization and economic development, India has witnessed a break up of traditional joint family into more nuclear-like families, and the traditional joint family in India accounted for a small number of Indian households.
A Hindu undivided family or HUF is a legal term related to the Hindu Marriage Act. The female members are also given the right of share to the property in the HUF. The term finds reference in the provisions of the Income Tax Act, but the expression is not defined in the act. There are various aspects of Hindu law relevant for the purpose assessment of income of HUF with Hindu Succession Act 1956 and Income Tax Act 1961 and wealth in the status of HUF, as well as the impact of the provisions of Hindu Succession Act 1956 as amended by Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act 2005 relevant for the purpose of assessment of income and wealth in the status of HUF under the Income Tax Act 1961.
In the case of Surjit Lal Chhabra 101 ITR 776 SC, joint family and undivided family are synonymous: 'A joint Hindu family consists of persons lineally descended from a common ancestor and includes their wives and unmarried daughters. The daughter, on marriage, ceases to be a member of her father's family and becomes a member of her husband's family.'
In 2016, a judgment of the Delhi High Court ruled that the eldest female member of a Hindu Undivided Family can be its 'Karta' (manager).

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