Understanding Random Experiments
In probability theory, a random experiment is any procedure or action that results in one or more outcomes that cannot be predicted with certainty. A key aspect of this is understanding the terminology associated with its possible results.
What is an Outcome?
- An outcome is a specific result of a random experiment.
- For example, when tossing a coin, the possible outcomes are "heads" or "tails."
- Each outcome represents a unique, observable result of the experiment.
Other Terms Explained
- Favorable Outcomes: These refer to outcomes that align with a specific event we are interested in. For instance, if we want to know the probability of rolling an even number on a die, the favorable outcomes would be 2, 4, and 6.
- Event: This is a set of outcomes. An event can consist of one or more outcomes. For example, getting a "head" when tossing a coin is an event consisting of a single outcome.
- Experiment: This is the process or action through which outcomes are generated. The term encompasses the entire procedure, such as rolling a die or drawing a card from a deck.
Conclusion
Given these definitions, the correct answer to the question is option C: an outcome, as it specifically refers to the result of a random experiment. Understanding these terms is crucial for grasping the foundational concepts of probability and statistics, which are essential for success in JEE and other competitive exams.